Pub Date : 2020-10-07DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1806757
Jonathan Dirlam, Trent Steidley, David Jacobs
ABSTRACT What social and political factors explain the presence of Stand-Your-Ground (SYG) laws in US. states? This paper assesses the influence of crime and violence prevalence, minority threat theory, and self-help theory on SYG law adoption using discrete-time event-history analysis. Our findings indicate that these laws are linked to a violent vigilante and racially animus past. We also find evidence for minority threat theory with minority presence positively associated with SYG law adoption.
{"title":"A Link to the Past: Race, Lynchings, and the Passage of Stand-Your-Ground Laws","authors":"Jonathan Dirlam, Trent Steidley, David Jacobs","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1806757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1806757","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT What social and political factors explain the presence of Stand-Your-Ground (SYG) laws in US. states? This paper assesses the influence of crime and violence prevalence, minority threat theory, and self-help theory on SYG law adoption using discrete-time event-history analysis. Our findings indicate that these laws are linked to a violent vigilante and racially animus past. We also find evidence for minority threat theory with minority presence positively associated with SYG law adoption.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"690 - 711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1806757","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41679984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-07DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1802360
P. Thoits
ABSTRACT Stress research overlooks the possible importance of similar-other support – assistance from people experienced with an individual’s stressor. Theoretically, similar-other support should provide distinct types of aid and be more valued than significant-other support because it closely addresses challenges that a distressed person faces. Peer supporters (N = 84) were interviewed about help from significant- vs. similar-others from two standpoints, as support recipients when hospitalized for cardiac procedures, and as support providers to current heart patients. From both standpoints, similar-other assistance was described as different and more helpful. The relative contributions of these support sources to distressed individuals’ well-being deserve future examination.
{"title":"“We Know What They’re Going Through”: Social Support from Similar versus Significant Others","authors":"P. Thoits","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1802360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1802360","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Stress research overlooks the possible importance of similar-other support – assistance from people experienced with an individual’s stressor. Theoretically, similar-other support should provide distinct types of aid and be more valued than significant-other support because it closely addresses challenges that a distressed person faces. Peer supporters (N = 84) were interviewed about help from significant- vs. similar-others from two standpoints, as support recipients when hospitalized for cardiac procedures, and as support providers to current heart patients. From both standpoints, similar-other assistance was described as different and more helpful. The relative contributions of these support sources to distressed individuals’ well-being deserve future examination.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"643 - 664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1802360","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43405329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-07DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1792810
Deenesh Sohoni
ABSTRACT This study analyzes media coverage of Census Bureau projections showing that the U.S. will become a majority-minority state by mid-century. I argue that the mismatch between the racial/ethnic categories used by the media in their coverage of Census projections, and the official government categories used by the Census, help construct social boundaries around “whiteness” that allows for growth of minority populations to be presented as a challenge for “American” society. I contend that media portrayals of Census projections can influence public perceptions of the racial/ethnic composition of the U.S., thus impacting political attitudes and voting behavior among the U.S. populace.
{"title":"The Coming Majority-Minority State?: Media Coverage of U.S. Census Projections, Demographic Threat, and the Construction of Racial Boundaries","authors":"Deenesh Sohoni","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1792810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1792810","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study analyzes media coverage of Census Bureau projections showing that the U.S. will become a majority-minority state by mid-century. I argue that the mismatch between the racial/ethnic categories used by the media in their coverage of Census projections, and the official government categories used by the Census, help construct social boundaries around “whiteness” that allows for growth of minority populations to be presented as a challenge for “American” society. I contend that media portrayals of Census projections can influence public perceptions of the racial/ethnic composition of the U.S., thus impacting political attitudes and voting behavior among the U.S. populace.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"94 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1792810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46625182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-07DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1803157
Trent Steidley, Danielle Trujillo
ABSTRACT Do political dynamics inform concealed handguns demand better than crime levels? In this study we argue and find support for the idea that handgun demand is a product of status politics, displays of political symbolism in response to real or perceived threats to those supporting gun rights and conservative values. We also compare this argument with previous explanations of handgun demand such as crime rates and racial demographics. We find locations supporting conservative political views do have greater rates of CHL applications during moments when status politics were most likely while less support is found for criminal justice predictors.
{"title":"Status Politics and the Political Influences of Concealed Handgun License Demand in Texas","authors":"Trent Steidley, Danielle Trujillo","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1803157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1803157","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Do political dynamics inform concealed handguns demand better than crime levels? In this study we argue and find support for the idea that handgun demand is a product of status politics, displays of political symbolism in response to real or perceived threats to those supporting gun rights and conservative values. We also compare this argument with previous explanations of handgun demand such as crime rates and racial demographics. We find locations supporting conservative political views do have greater rates of CHL applications during moments when status politics were most likely while less support is found for criminal justice predictors.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"665 - 689"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1803157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49016144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1825754
N. P. Unnithan, Michael G. Lacy
{"title":"TSQ Editor’s Farewell","authors":"N. P. Unnithan, Michael G. Lacy","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1825754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1825754","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"61 1","pages":"609 - 610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1825754","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48870203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-14DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1788468
Daniel Bolger
ABSTRACT Research finds that faith-based organizations (FBOs) serve highly disadvantaged populations, but few studies explore how such organizations decide who is deserving of assistance. Drawing on 12 months of observation and 24 interviews at two FBOs in neighborhoods with different poverty rates, I find that agency members circumscribe conceptions of who “needs” assistance based on stories of people who take advantage of services. These stories undergird group styles of service provision that differ in their emphasis on leniency or stringency but share the goal of deterring less-than-needy clients. The group styles demonstrate how informal practices shape resource distribution within FBOs.
{"title":"The Collective Construction of Need: Group Styles of Determining Deservingness in Christian Social Service Agencies","authors":"Daniel Bolger","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1788468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1788468","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research finds that faith-based organizations (FBOs) serve highly disadvantaged populations, but few studies explore how such organizations decide who is deserving of assistance. Drawing on 12 months of observation and 24 interviews at two FBOs in neighborhoods with different poverty rates, I find that agency members circumscribe conceptions of who “needs” assistance based on stories of people who take advantage of services. These stories undergird group styles of service provision that differ in their emphasis on leniency or stringency but share the goal of deterring less-than-needy clients. The group styles demonstrate how informal practices shape resource distribution within FBOs.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"63 1","pages":"74 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1788468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45049219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-10DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1787905
Eric G. LaPlant, Michael Vuolo
ABSTRACT Using mixed-methods guided by social movements and racial threat literatures, we examine advocacy and passage of “Ban-the-Box” policies removing criminal history inquiries from employment applications. Our content analysis reveals that organizations integral to passage centered their identity around racial justice, coalition-building, and addressing harms of the criminal justice system. Event history analyses among cities, counties, and states shows opportunities (larger Black populations, urbanicity, Black mayor, prior in-state passages) and impediments to passage (conservativism, White-Black unemployment gap). Together, they highlight factors regarding success of a policy designed to address racial inequality and restore opportunity to jobseekers affected by mass incarceration.
{"title":"The Significance of Race: Overcoming Obstacles in the Adoption of Ban the Box Laws","authors":"Eric G. LaPlant, Michael Vuolo","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1787905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1787905","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using mixed-methods guided by social movements and racial threat literatures, we examine advocacy and passage of “Ban-the-Box” policies removing criminal history inquiries from employment applications. Our content analysis reveals that organizations integral to passage centered their identity around racial justice, coalition-building, and addressing harms of the criminal justice system. Event history analyses among cities, counties, and states shows opportunities (larger Black populations, urbanicity, Black mayor, prior in-state passages) and impediments to passage (conservativism, White-Black unemployment gap). Together, they highlight factors regarding success of a policy designed to address racial inequality and restore opportunity to jobseekers affected by mass incarceration.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"570 - 593"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1787905","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48743139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-20DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1776174
Ryan P. Thombs
ABSTRACT This study tests whether greater political equality at the nation-state level moderates economic growth’s association with production-based and consumption-based CO2 emissions. Based on data for 106 nations from 1990 to 2014, this study finds that greater political equality mitigates both types of emissions, but when interacted with economic growth, it intensifies growth’s association with emissions. Conversely, political equality mitigates emissions when the economy is stagnant or contracts, but has no effect on emissions during times of economic expansion. The results are homogeneous across country income groups. These findings suggest that greater political equality is likely a necessary but insufficient condition to mitigate CO2 emissions.
{"title":"In-and-Beyond State Power: How Political Equality Moderates the Economic Growth-CO2 Emissions Relationship, 1990-2014","authors":"Ryan P. Thombs","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1776174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1776174","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study tests whether greater political equality at the nation-state level moderates economic growth’s association with production-based and consumption-based CO2 emissions. Based on data for 106 nations from 1990 to 2014, this study finds that greater political equality mitigates both types of emissions, but when interacted with economic growth, it intensifies growth’s association with emissions. Conversely, political equality mitigates emissions when the economy is stagnant or contracts, but has no effect on emissions during times of economic expansion. The results are homogeneous across country income groups. These findings suggest that greater political equality is likely a necessary but insufficient condition to mitigate CO2 emissions.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"528 - 547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1776174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47601253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-20DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1775528
Elizabeth Ziff
ABSTRACT Gestational surrogacy exposes a group of reproductively healthy women to highly medicalized assisted reproductive interventions. This paper conducts a close examination of the medicalization of the surrogate body to better understand how women who act as surrogates navigate issues of power, autonomy, and control. Drawing on thirty-three in-depth interviews with women who were surrogates in the United States, I find women construct a highly scientific and embodied expertise of knowledge to prepare for, and execute, their responsibilities as a surrogate. I demonstrate that surrogates have a unique relationship to the issues of power and control that arise in the medicalization process. This distinctive orientation to medicalization does not render the issues of power and control obsolete, rather it contextualizes how women navigate these issues within their gendered and embodied labor.
{"title":"Surrogacy and Medicalization: Navigating Power, Control, and Autonomy in Embodied Labor","authors":"Elizabeth Ziff","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1775528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1775528","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Gestational surrogacy exposes a group of reproductively healthy women to highly medicalized assisted reproductive interventions. This paper conducts a close examination of the medicalization of the surrogate body to better understand how women who act as surrogates navigate issues of power, autonomy, and control. Drawing on thirty-three in-depth interviews with women who were surrogates in the United States, I find women construct a highly scientific and embodied expertise of knowledge to prepare for, and execute, their responsibilities as a surrogate. I demonstrate that surrogates have a unique relationship to the issues of power and control that arise in the medicalization process. This distinctive orientation to medicalization does not render the issues of power and control obsolete, rather it contextualizes how women navigate these issues within their gendered and embodied labor.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"510 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1775528","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42927859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-20DOI: 10.1080/00380253.2020.1775530
E. I. Wilder, W. H. Walters
ABSTRACT Using data for a sample of 2,132 individuals, we examine the characteristics of the sociology faculty and departments that ranked highest on any of four measures of publishing productivity over the 2013–2017 period. While the most productive men tend to work at the top research universities, women with comparable publishing records are especially likely to be found among the most productive faculty at other types of institutions. This suggests that “striving institutions” – those that have faced the greatest competition to improve their standing relative to their peers – have benefited by hiring and retaining highly productive faculty without regard to their gender. Our results further reveal that prolific faculty are similar to other faculty in their publication outlets, although they do exhibit high levels of journal concentration. That is, they tend to publish in the same journals in which they previously published.
{"title":"Characteristics of the Most Productive U.S. Sociology Faculty and Departments: Institution Type, Gender, and Journal Concentration","authors":"E. I. Wilder, W. H. Walters","doi":"10.1080/00380253.2020.1775530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2020.1775530","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using data for a sample of 2,132 individuals, we examine the characteristics of the sociology faculty and departments that ranked highest on any of four measures of publishing productivity over the 2013–2017 period. While the most productive men tend to work at the top research universities, women with comparable publishing records are especially likely to be found among the most productive faculty at other types of institutions. This suggests that “striving institutions” – those that have faced the greatest competition to improve their standing relative to their peers – have benefited by hiring and retaining highly productive faculty without regard to their gender. Our results further reveal that prolific faculty are similar to other faculty in their publication outlets, although they do exhibit high levels of journal concentration. That is, they tend to publish in the same journals in which they previously published.","PeriodicalId":48007,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Quarterly","volume":"62 1","pages":"594 - 622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00380253.2020.1775530","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45179341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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