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Load reduction instruction: Multilevel effects for motivation, engagement, and achievement in mathematics 减负教学:对数学学习动机、参与度和成绩的多层面影响
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1080/01443410.2023.2290442
Paul Evans, Andrew J. Martin
This study aimed to understand the role of load reduction instruction (LRI), a framework of instructional strategies designed to reduce cognitive load, and its association with motivation, engageme...
本研究旨在了解减负教学(LRI)的作用及其与学习动机、参与度和学习效果的关系。
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引用次数: 0
'Maybe more fun and joy in this life of mine would be useful.' Perceptions of play by adults on the autism spectrum 也许在我的生活中,多一些乐趣和欢乐会更有意义。自闭症谱系成人对游戏的看法
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0913
Agnieszka Sternak, Marta Kusińska, Anna Szostakiewicz
: Introduction: The study presents how adults with ASD experience play, how they understand it and the meaning they assign to it. Method: Four people with a diagnosis of autism (aged 20‒35) participated in individual semi-structured interviews. The collected material was analysed thematically. Results: Five main themes were identified: the difficulty of defining play, the difficulty of experiencing play, the variety of forms of experiencing play, the variety of emotions of experiencing play: the role of the group, play and age. The results show that the play of adults with autism can take different forms and perform different functions. Emotions associated with play are an individual issue and remain related to the physical and social context of play. Conclusions: The study highlights the need for further research related to the functioning of adults on the autism spectrum and exploring the possibilities of play with its applications in therapy.
这项研究展示了患有自闭症的成年人如何体验游戏,他们如何理解游戏,以及他们赋予游戏的意义。方法:4例自闭症患者(年龄20 ~ 35岁)采用半结构式访谈。对收集到的资料进行了专题分析。结果:确定了五个主要主题:定义游戏的难度,体验游戏的难度,体验游戏的各种形式,体验游戏的各种情绪:群体的角色,游戏和年龄。结果表明,自闭症成人的游戏可以采取不同的形式,发挥不同的功能。与游戏相关的情绪是个人问题,与游戏的身体和社会背景有关。结论:该研究强调需要进一步研究成人自闭症谱系的功能,并探索游戏在治疗中的应用可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Parental attitudes as perceived by adolescents who apply the aggressive, avoidant, and task-oriented strategies in situations of conflict 在冲突情况下采用攻击、回避和任务导向策略的青少年眼中的父母态度
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0906
D. Borecka-Biernat
The goal of the study was to compare parental attitudes (as perceived by adolescents) with regard to the coping strategies applied by adolescents in situations of social conflict (aggressive, avoidant, task-oriented). Plopa’s Parental Attitude Scale (Skala Postaw Rodzicielskich, SPR) and the Questionnaire for Coping Strategies in Parents in Situations of Social Conflict (Kwestionariusz strategii radzenia sobie rodziców w sytuacji konfliktu społecznego, KSRwSK) by D. Borecka-Biernat were used in the study. The empirical studies were conducted in middle schools on a sample of 893 participants (468 girls and 425 boys), aged 13 to 15. In the light of the conducted research, it has been concluded that appropriate parental attitudes, filled with emotional warmth, acceptance, and support, accompanied by respect for the adolescent's independence, allow young people to apply the constructive (task-oriented) strategy, that facilitates effective resolution of conflict. Moreover, an analysis of the research material has indicated that a destructive (aggressive, avoidant) way of reacting to emotional tension in situations of social conflict is shaped by inappropriate parental attitudes, characterized by high expectations and lack of a balanced emotional bond. It appears that the obtained information may constitute a theoretical guide for parenting strategies that might help shape an individual able to cope with conflict in a mature way.
本研究的目的是比较父母的态度(如青少年所感知的)与青少年在社会冲突情况下(攻击性、回避型、任务导向型)所采用的应对策略。采用Plopa父母态度量表(Skala Postaw Rodzicielskich, SPR)和D. Borecka-Biernat的《社会冲突情境下父母应对策略问卷》(kestitionariusz strategii radzenia sobie rodziców w sytuacji konfliktu społecznego, KSRwSK)进行研究。实证研究在中学进行,样本为893名参与者(468名女孩和425名男孩),年龄在13至15岁之间。根据所进行的研究,得出的结论是,适当的父母态度,充满情感温暖,接受和支持,伴随着对青少年独立性的尊重,允许年轻人应用建设性(任务导向)策略,促进有效解决冲突。此外,对研究材料的分析表明,在社会冲突的情况下,对情绪紧张的破坏性(攻击性、回避性)反应方式是由不适当的父母态度塑造的,其特点是高期望和缺乏平衡的情感纽带。看来,获得的信息可能构成一个理论指导养育策略,可能有助于塑造一个能够以成熟的方式处理冲突的个人。
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引用次数: 0
Psychological crisis as a necessary factor of development? Human nature according to Kazimierz Dąbrowski 心理危机是发展的必要因素?卡齐米日-东布罗夫斯基眼中的人性
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0909
Paweł Kabziński
Kazimierz Dąbrowski believed, that human nature is hierarchical and multilevel in its character. An attribute peculiar for our species is developmental instinct, which differentiates human beings from animals. Dąbrowski indicated, that distinguishing mark of humanity is to be ‘doomed to development’, to reach increasingly higher levels of development, what can be accomplished through processes of disintegration. The key assumption of the Theory of Positive Disintegration (TPD) is that dissolution of internal psychic structures leads to suffering and psychological crisis. But, according to Dąbrowski, it is a generally positive phenomenon, because it is necessary for development of rich and complex psychic structures, and the final goal of processes of disintegration is personality. The aim of this article is to present major terms and assumptions of TPD and also to discuss a Kazimierz Dąbrowski’s perspective for an understanding of some psychological difficulties.
Kazimierz Dąbrowski认为,人性在其特征上是有等级和多层次的。人类特有的一种属性是发育本能,这是人类区别于动物的地方。Dąbrowski指出,人类的独特标志是“注定要发展”,要达到越来越高的发展水平,而这可以通过解体的过程来实现。积极解体理论(TPD)的关键假设是内部心理结构的解体导致痛苦和心理危机。但是,根据Dąbrowski的说法,这通常是一种积极的现象,因为它是发展丰富而复杂的心理结构所必需的,而解体过程的最终目标是人格。本文的目的是介绍TPD的主要术语和假设,并讨论Kazimierz Dąbrowski的观点,以理解一些心理困难。
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引用次数: 0
Critical and reflective teaching in higher education. The case study of Poland 高等教育中的批判性和反思性教学。波兰案例研究
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0908
K. Górak-Sosnowska
The concept of “critical thinking” has received much attention lately and therefore has been subject to a variety of definitions pertaining to different traditions from philosophy and educational psychology and logic. The aim of the article is to provide an insight into how critical thinking is conceptualized and implemented in Poland. The article is based on extensive literature review and secondary data from the Polish Qualification Framework and curricula from selected HEIs (higher education institutions). While the article is indicative and exploratory it points at the structural limitations and windows of opportunities to implement critical thinking. It starts with an overview of how critical thinking in conceptualized in Polish literature pointing at a discrepancy between a Western and indigenous approach. Following it provided an overview of how critical thinking is positioned in Polish curricula. The subsequent part of the article challenges and windows of opportunity to implement critical thinking in higher education. In the concluding section several recommendations are drafted.
“批判性思维”的概念最近受到了很多关注,因此受到了来自哲学、教育心理学和逻辑学等不同传统的各种定义。本文的目的是提供一个洞察批判性思维是如何概念化和实施在波兰。本文基于广泛的文献综述和波兰资格框架的二级数据以及选定的高等教育机构的课程。虽然这篇文章具有指示性和探索性,但它指出了实施批判性思维的结构性限制和机会之窗。它首先概述了波兰文学中批判性思维的概念,指出了西方和本土方法之间的差异。接下来,它概述了波兰课程中批判性思维的定位。文章的后续部分提出了在高等教育中实施批判性思维的挑战和机遇之窗。在最后一节中起草了几项建议。
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引用次数: 0
Mental health of children and adolescents in Poland ‒ challenges and recommendations 波兰儿童和青少年的心理健康--挑战与建议
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0911
S. Kluczyńska, Ewa Sokołowska
Introduction: Protecting the mental health of the young generation is an investment in the future of society. Providing children and youth with appropriate conditions for development is an important factor determining their health in later stages of life. Problems in the area of mental health make it difficult for children to perform developmental tasks and have long-term consequences, as they increase the risk of developing mental disorders in adulthood. Many children and young people in Poland struggle with mental problems alone or with insufficient help. Access to specialist psychiatric, psychological and therapeutic care in Poland is still limited. For this reason, the system of mental health care for children and adolescents requires urgent action and changes. The goal of the article is to analyze current problems in the area of mental health of the young generation, to estimate the scale of these problems, to discuss selected risk factors and protective factors, and to formulate recommendations for actions to improve the mental health of children and adolescents in Poland. Conclusions: It is recommended to take actions aimed not only at minimizing mental health risk factors, but also at strengthening and building resources conducive to improving and maintaining good mental health.
保护年轻一代的心理健康是对社会未来的投资。为儿童和青年提供适当的发展条件是决定他们晚年健康的一个重要因素。心理健康方面的问题使儿童难以完成发展任务,并产生长期后果,因为它们增加了成年后出现精神障碍的风险。波兰的许多儿童和年轻人独自与精神问题作斗争,或者得不到足够的帮助。在波兰,获得专业精神病、心理和治疗护理的机会仍然有限。因此,儿童和青少年的精神卫生保健系统需要紧急行动和改革。这篇文章的目的是分析当前青年一代心理健康领域的问题,估计这些问题的规模,讨论选定的风险因素和保护因素,并就改善波兰儿童和青少年心理健康的行动提出建议。结论:建议采取行动,不仅要尽量减少心理健康的危险因素,而且要加强和建立有利于改善和保持良好心理健康的资源。
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引用次数: 0
When a parent tries too hard – excessive focus on the child in terms of Bowen's theory and their mental well-being 当父母过于努力时--从鲍恩理论和孩子的心理健康角度看,过度关注孩子
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0907
Anna Józefczyk
Providing a child with a sense of psychological well-being is one of the most important goals for which most parents’ educational activities are directed. In the social sphere, the conviction that achieving this goal requires the involvement of a large part of the parent’s activity and attention in the relationship with the child seems to dominate. Although this belief is fully justified and has been repeatedly confirmed on empirical grounds, it may carry the risk of parents’ excessive concentration on the child’s functioning in relation to the child’s needs. Murray Bowen’s Family Systems Theory drew attention to such a family pattern and its negative impact on the child’s mental health. The aim of this article is to discuss the mechanism of parents’ excessive concentration on the child based on Bowen’s Theory and to present the existing empirical reports indicating its importance for a positive approach to health understood in terms of mental well-being. The problem under consideration is of great application importance, which was emphasized in the final part of the text.
给孩子提供一种心理健康的感觉是大多数父母教育活动的最重要目标之一。在社会领域,认为实现这一目标需要父母在与孩子的关系中投入很大一部分活动和注意力的信念似乎占主导地位。尽管这种信念是完全合理的,并且在经验基础上得到了反复的证实,但它可能会带来父母过度关注儿童功能与儿童需求相关的风险。Murray Bowen的家庭系统理论引起了人们对这种家庭模式及其对儿童心理健康的负面影响的关注。本文的目的是讨论基于鲍恩理论的父母过度关注孩子的机制,并提出现有的实证报告,表明其对心理健康方面的积极方法的重要性。所考虑的问题具有重要的应用价值,在本文的最后部分强调了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnosing shyness in children and adolescents: a comparative analysis of different methods 诊断儿童和青少年的害羞心理:不同方法的比较分析
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0912
Łukasz Nikel, Sandra Żołądkowska, Julia Bukowska
The aim of the article is to discuss the tools used for diagnosing shyness in children and adolescents. Increasingly, scholars emphasize the multidimensionality of the concept of shyness, as shy children and teenagers exhibit various specific characteristics. It is important to note that the same level of shyness in different children does not necessarily result in the same behaviour. Additionally, among the methods used for diagnosing shyness in children and adolescents, significant differences in approach can be observed, with some methods capturing certain aspects of shyness more than others. Moreover, the diversity of methods used in the diagnosis of shyness in children and adolescents also depends on their age, with some methods intended for infants and toddlers, others for preschool or school-aged children, and others for adolescents. The most commonly used diagnostic methods include self-report questionnaires or assessment questionnaires. Other methods used in the diagnosis of shyness include observation, behavioural experiments, and sociometry. While the article focuses mainly on tools used in Poland, it provides essential information about the limitations and advantages of individual methods. It is important to note that there is no single method that can fully capture the phenomenon of shyness. Therefore, combining several methods seems like a reasonable approach. The information presented in this article highlights various ways of using diagnostic tools for shyness in children and adolescents. This information should help specialists make informed decisions when selecting appropriate diagnostic methods. Additionally, the article can serve as an inspiration for further research on the diagnosis of shyness.
这篇文章的目的是讨论用于诊断儿童和青少年害羞的工具。越来越多的学者强调害羞概念的多维性,因为害羞的儿童和青少年表现出各种特定的特征。值得注意的是,不同孩子的羞怯程度相同并不一定会导致相同的行为。此外,在用于诊断儿童和青少年害羞的方法中,可以观察到方法上的显着差异,有些方法比其他方法更能捕捉到害羞的某些方面。此外,用于诊断儿童和青少年害羞的方法的多样性也取决于他们的年龄,有些方法适用于婴幼儿,有些适用于学龄前或学龄儿童,还有一些适用于青少年。最常用的诊断方法包括自我报告问卷或评估问卷。用于诊断害羞的其他方法包括观察、行为实验和社会计量学。虽然这篇文章主要集中在波兰使用的工具,但它提供了关于个别方法的局限性和优点的基本信息。值得注意的是,没有一种方法可以完全捕捉到害羞的现象。因此,将几种方法结合起来似乎是一种合理的方法。在这篇文章中提出的信息强调了使用儿童和青少年害羞诊断工具的各种方法。这些信息有助于专家在选择合适的诊断方法时做出明智的决定。此外,本文可以为进一步研究害羞的诊断提供启发。
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引用次数: 0
Can mathematics-unrelated reading intervention improve children’s mathematical performance? 与数学无关的阅读干预能提高儿童的数学成绩吗?
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1080/01443410.2023.2285231
Li Zhang, Yanpu Jia, Xiaoran Xue, Wei Wang
This study aims to examine whether a maths-unrelated reading intervention can improve children’s mathematical performance and to compare the effects of maths-related and maths-unrelated reading int...
本研究旨在探讨与数学无关的阅读干预是否能提高儿童的数学成绩,并比较数学相关阅读和数学无关阅读对儿童数学成绩的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Self-regulation of online homework behavior: using latent profile analysis to identify online homework management profiles 网络作业行为的自我调节:利用潜在特征分析识别网络作业管理特征
IF 3.2 2区 心理学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.1080/01443410.2023.2283389
Chuang Wang, Jianzhong Xu, José Carlos Núñez, Susana Rodríguez Martínez
The aim of this investigation is to identify different profiles of undergraduates based on online homework management strategies: arranging the environment, managing time, monitoring motivation, co...
本调查的目的是根据网上作业管理策略:安排环境、管理时间、监控动机、管理学生的网络作业,找出大学生的不同概况。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Educational Psychology
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