Tourism Management Perspectives最新文献

Gender-themed exhibitions are exhibition that displays stories of gender (women) through arts and photography. While these exhibitions are gaining popularity among female visitors, their perceptions of such exhibitions remain unknown. Based on the expectation-confirmation model, this study develops an integrated model that examines the relationship among gender equality perceptions, female liberal awareness, exhibition expectation, performance, confirmation, and satisfaction among 404 female visitors who have experienced gender-themed exhibitions in China. Using the quantitative online survey method, the results show that gender equality perceptions were significantly related to perceived exhibition performance and expectations. Findings further reveal that liberal feminist awareness positively impacts the gender-themed exhibition expectation but not the exhibition performance. Both exhibition performance and expectations have significant positive impacts on the exhibition confirmation, yet only expectation and confirmation of the exhibition determine exhibition satisfaction. These findings demonstrate that females' expectation depends on their knowledge of women's position in society and their perception of their equal role. Hence, gender-themed exhibition management and exhibition planners must develop marketing campaigns that inform women of their changing traditional roles and equality through exhibits.

People with disabilities (PWDs) face discrimination in the hospitality workplace. The aim of this paper is therefore to frame issues surrounding the employment of PWDs in the hospitality industry in normative ethical terms. To achieve this aim, we conducted twenty-eight semi-structured interviews with owners/managers of hospitality businesses and other relevant stakeholders. Drawing on the ethics of justice and ethics of care, our study found that when organisations demonstrated to their employees and other stakeholders the fairness in the procedures taken to implement PWD inclusion actions, the inclusion actions were significantly supported by coworkers, and the organisations were able to achieve distributive justice and care for PWDs. This study, thus, demonstrated that organisational members were willing to take part in caring actions for employees with disabilities (EWDs) not only when they perceived that inclusion actions for EWDs were procedurally fair, but also when they perceived that the PWDs deserved distributive justice outcomes.

Working-Holiday Makers (WHMs) are individuals who choose to combine work, leisure, and travel to varying degrees. WHMs spend a varied amount of time at a destination simultaneously delivering and consuming tourism services. Although their social interactions have strong impacts upon how they, other tourists, and residents experience the destination, relevant research seldom focuses on social structures within WHM communities. Underpinned by elements borrowed from community psychology and social network theory, this study explores WHMs' social connections and relationships. The results reveal parallel existence of tight social bonds and social divide in WHM communities that influence the cultural exchange taking place within them. Nationality plays a key role in their identity as foreign workers, while their perceptions of value added to the destination depend on their relationships with other tourists and the time spent at the destination. Hedonistic social environments, and influence from peers, impact WHM wellbeing in both positive and negative ways.

As macro-level shifts in global capitalism push cities into increasing competition with one another, events play a vital role in tourism development. For locations seeking to differentiate themselves, ‘cosmopolitanism’, indicating a perceived openness towards cultural difference, has become key to contemporary destination marketing. Within this discourse, embracing LGBT+ communities has been successfully used to signal cosmopolitanism. LGBT+ Pride events combine both, providing tangible evidence of cosmopolitanism and consequently, a way to attract visitors, too. This article, however, complicates this relationship through an investigation of Pride within the tourist town of Sitges, in Spain. The findings here show that instead of exemplifying cosmopolitan inclusivity, Sitges Pride ultimately functioned to exclude parts of the same community that it purported to represent. In so doing, the article suggests that Sitges' Destination Management Organisation, the local council, and event organisers need to make sure Pride is inclusive and attempts to appeal to all constituents.

Virtual Reality (VR) has proven to be an important contribution to tourists' decision-making regarding a destination. This fact can be determinant, especially when tourists face some social limitation or restriction that conditions their participation in tourism activities. Therefore, we aim to understand whether the possibility of experiencing immersive wine tourism activities can encourage future visits, as well as the recommendation of the VR experience and the destination itself. To achieve our goal, we offered 405 participants an experimental VR experience with digital content about a wine tourism activity. The results showed that participants feel that the VR experience influences their behavioural intention towards the wine tourism destination. The satisfaction felt from the experience leads to a significant effect on the intention to visit and to recommend the destination and the VR activity. These findings suggest to wine tourism destination managers that VR can play an essential role in tourism management.

This paper analyses and expands the concept of smart destination and its characteristics using stakeholder theory and the multiple perspectives of the various agents involved: managers, researchers, tourists, and locals. In adopting a holistic focus to conceptualise smart destinations, its review and analysis fill a current vacuum in the academic literature. The study also provides in-depth analysis of both tourists' and locals' perceptions. Two consecutive studies using computer-aided text analysis and grounded theory were performed. Firstly, we obtained a common image of a smart destination that combines the following elements: space, quality of life, agents, infrastructure, and technology. Secondly, the text analysis identified two distinctive characteristics: technology and sustainability. Thirdly, we identified differences in tourists' and locals' perceptions of smart destinations. These findings represent an important conceptual advance and have implications for management of smart destinations.

The objective of this research is to assess tourists' subjective and psychological well-being during and after their trips through a multiwave design. Drawing on self-determination theory (SDT) and attention restoration theory (ART), an integrated theoretical framework was proposed to examine the relationships among perceived attention restoration, social sharing satisfaction, psychological needs satisfaction, subjective well-being, and psychological well-being in the during-trip and post-trip encounters. This research contributes to the literature by offering new insights into the concept of social sharing satisfaction. It further enriches SDT and ART by synthesizing these two theoretical strands to enhance understanding of the linkage among attention restoration, social sharing / psychological needs satisfaction, and well-being at different travel stages. It also offers an alternative view on the dissipating effect of well-being after a trip by identifying the divergent effect of tourism on the change in subjective well-being and psychological well-being.

This study explores the tourism gifting practices, examining their patterns, experiences and social benefits under the New Mobilities Paradigm (NMP). Through interview and observations, it investigates Chinese domestic tourists' gift-giving practices with the destination of Dali, Yunnan Province, China. We reveal that tourists casually purchase lightweight, practical, and regionally featured tourism merchandise as gifts, engaging in gift exchanges-both online and offline-during fragmented time. Tourist gift donors and recipients tend to share and consume tourism gifts briefly, with easy opportunities to reacquire the same goods online. This dissolves traditional gift-giving, as represented by the three-stage tripartite circulation model, into a fluid relational network with decentralized and diversified experiences, which brings about “network capital” for all involved actors. By introducing the NMP perspective, this study enriches and extends the research boundary of the tourism gifting. It also refines the explanatory power of the NMP in the materiality studies of tourism mobilities.

Online reviews represent a public good that users can consume for free. Thus, academics and practitioners have actively sought to identify ways to motivate users to write online reviews. As an effective channel linking hotels and travellers, managerial responses can enhance hotels' performance along with traveller review-writing engagement. However, the impact of responder level on future traveller review-writing engagement – and how response content can moderate this effect – remains unclear. This study provides relevant insights based on TripAdvisor data. First, when managerial responses are provided by high-level responders, traveller review-writing engagement increases. Second, if the response addresses the reviewer by name, the positive effect of responder level becomes stronger. Third, including the responder's email in the response diminishes the positive impact of responder level. This research enriches both the customer engagement and managerial response literature.

This study investigates regional variations in the pace and scope of tourism recovery after the shock of the COVID-19 pandemic. A recovery index was created to objectively analyze the process of demand change based on monthly tourism volume data obtained from 309 source cities for China's well-known destination. The mechanisms behind the recovery process were identified using a multiscale geographically weighted regression model. The findings indicate that the recovery process can be divided into four stages and that source cities' recovery varies greatly depending on their location and distance to the tourism destination. The study highlights that tourist demand is significantly influenced by socioeconomic factors, geographic location, and travel preferences. The results have significant managerial implications for tourism DMOs seeking to optimize their COVID-19 recovery efforts.