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Peers, proactivity, and problem-solving: A multilevel study of team impacts on stress appraisals of problem-solving demands 同伴、主动性和问题解决:团队对问题解决需求压力评估影响的多层次研究
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2019.1579767
A. Espedido, Ben J. Searle, Barbara Griffin
ABSTRACT To date, there is a paucity of research on team-level impacts on the individual stress appraisal process despite the recognised role of teams for solving problems. Applying a multilevel approach, this study investigates the cross-level impact of team problem prevention behaviours on employee stress appraisals of problem-solving demands. It was hypothesised that team problem prevention would moderate the individual-level relationship between problem-solving demands and stress appraisals. Data were collected from 43 work teams comprised of 192 team members including all team leaders who also provided evaluations of their team’s problem prevention behaviour. Results supported the hypothesised cross-level moderating effects on challenge appraisal, but not threat appraisal. As one of the first studies to demonstrate that stress appraisals are impacted by the group, not just by individual factors, the results support a multilevel conceptualisation of stress appraisals. The findings also highlight implications for practice, broadening the scope of possibilities for stress management interventions to utilise team-level strategies such as leadership development programmes and/or team building initiatives.
摘要迄今为止,尽管团队在解决问题方面发挥着公认的作用,但关于团队层面对个人压力评估过程的影响的研究却很少。本研究采用多层次方法,调查了团队问题预防行为对员工解决问题需求的压力评估的跨层次影响。假设团队问题预防会缓和解决问题需求和压力评估之间的个人层面关系。数据来自43个工作小组,由192名小组成员组成,其中包括所有小组组长,他们还对小组的问题预防行为进行了评估。结果支持了对挑战评估的跨层面调节作用,但不支持威胁评估。作为第一批证明压力评估受群体影响而不仅仅受个人因素影响的研究之一,研究结果支持压力评估的多层次概念化。研究结果还强调了对实践的影响,扩大了压力管理干预的可能性范围,以利用团队层面的战略,如领导力发展计划和/或团队建设举措。
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引用次数: 10
Trajectories of effort-reward imbalance in Swedish workers: Differences in demographic and work-related factors and associations with health 瑞典工人劳动报酬失衡的轨迹:人口和工作因素的差异以及与健康的关系
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2019.1666434
C. Leineweber, Constanze Eib, C. Bernhard‐Oettel, Anna Nyberg
ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to identify trajectories of effort-reward imbalance (ERI), to examine these with respect to demographic (age, gender, socio-economic position) and work-related (employment contract, work hours, shift work, sector) factors, and to investigate associations with different health indicators (self-rated health, depressive symptoms, migraine, sickness absence). The study used four waves of data (N = 6702), collected biennially within the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH). Using latent class growth modelling, we identified four trajectories: a stable low imbalance trajectory, which comprised 90% of all participants, and three change trajectories including a decreasing trajectory (4% of the participants), an inverted U-shaped trajectory and an increasing imbalance trajectory, both in 3% of the participants. Results indicate that a sizeable proportion of Swedish employees’ experience imbalance between efforts and rewards at work. The most favourable trajectory comprised relatively more men and was characterised by better work-related characteristics than the less favourable ERI trajectories. All change trajectories were dominated by women and employees in the public sector. Health developments followed ERI trajectories, such that less favourable trajectories associated with impaired health and more favourable trajectories associated with better health. Sickness absence increased among all ERI trajectories, most so for the decreasing and increasing ERI trajectory.
摘要本研究的目的是确定努力-回报失衡(ERI)的轨迹,从人口统计学(年龄、性别、社会经济地位)和与工作相关的因素(就业合同、工作时间、轮班工作、部门)来检验这些因素,并调查与不同健康指标(自评健康、抑郁症状、偏头痛、病假)的关系。这项研究使用了四波数据(N = 6702),在瑞典健康纵向职业调查(SLOSH)中每两年收集一次。使用潜在阶级增长模型,我们确定了四个轨迹:一个稳定的低不平衡轨迹,占所有参与者的90%,以及三个变化轨迹,包括下降轨迹(4%的参与者)、倒U形轨迹和增加不平衡轨迹(均占3%的参与者)。结果表明,相当大比例的瑞典员工在工作中的努力和回报之间存在经验失衡。最有利的轨迹包括相对更多的男性,并且与不太有利的ERI轨迹相比,具有更好的工作特征。所有的变化轨迹都是由妇女和公共部门雇员主导的。健康发展遵循ERI轨迹,因此与健康受损相关的不太有利的轨迹和与健康状况改善相关的更有利的轨迹。在所有ERI轨迹中,疾病缺席增加,ERI轨迹的减少和增加最为明显。
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引用次数: 11
Promoting Occupational Health Psychology through professional bodies: The role of the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology 通过专业机构促进职业健康心理学:欧洲职业健康心理学学会的作用
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2020.1774939
S. Iavicoli, S. Leka, K. Nielsen
In 2019, the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology (EAOHP) celebrated its 20th Anniversary. EAOHP is a non-profit, non-governmental, scientific and professional organisation and a regi...
2019年,欧洲职业健康心理学学会(EAOHP)庆祝成立20周年。EAOHP是一个非营利、非政府、科学和专业组织,也是一个注册。。。
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引用次数: 4
Tired, strained, and hurt: The indirect effect of negative affect on the relationship between poor quality sleep and work injuries 疲劳、紧张和受伤:负面影响对睡眠质量差和工伤关系的间接影响
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2020.1774938
J. H. Wong, Nick Turner, E. Kelloway, E. Wadsworth
ABSTRACT We conducted 3 studies to investigate how poor quality sleep relates to work injuries. First, using a sample of employed people living in the United Kingdom (N = 4,238; Study 1), we found that poor quality sleep was related to more frequent workplace injuries via negative affect rather than cognitive failures. Second, we again compared parallel pathways using a sample of USA employees (N = 202; Study 2): poor quality sleep was related to more frequent work injuries via work-related negative affect but not work-related cognitive failures. Third, we used a 2-wave sample of employees from the United Kingdom (N = 71; Study 3) finding that poor quality sleep was related to more frequent work injuries 7 weeks later via negative affect. Comparing high arousal and low arousal negative affect as competing pathways showed that there was a significant indirect effect of the former on the poor quality sleep-work injuries relationship but not the latter. Across 3 studies, we implicated the role of self-control failure stemming from poor quality sleep in predicting more frequent work injuries and suggested initiatives targeting high arousal negative affect as a way of reducing work injuries.
摘要:我们进行了3项研究来调查睡眠质量差与工伤的关系。首先,使用居住在英国的就业人员样本(N = 4238;研究1),我们发现睡眠质量差与更频繁的工作场所伤害有关,这是通过负面影响,而不是认知失误。其次,我们再次使用美国员工样本(N = 202;研究2):睡眠质量差通过工作相关的负面影响与更频繁的工伤有关,但与工作相关的认知失败无关。第三,我们使用了来自英国(N = 71;研究3)发现,睡眠质量差与7周后通过负面影响更频繁的工伤有关。将高唤醒和低唤醒负效应作为竞争途径进行比较表明,前者对低质量睡眠-工伤关系有显著的间接影响,但后者没有。在3项研究中,我们暗示了睡眠质量差导致的自我控制失败在预测更频繁的工伤中的作用,并提出了针对高唤醒负面影响的举措,以减少工伤。
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引用次数: 3
Pregnancy and workplace accidents: The impact of stereotype threat 怀孕与工伤事故:刻板印象威胁的影响
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-06-05 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2020.1774937
L. Lavaysse, T. Probst
ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of stereotype threat (ST), the fear of confirming negative assumptions about a group to which one belongs (Steele, C. M. [1997]. A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. American Psychologist, 52(6), 613–629), on the safety performance of pregnant workers. To avoid being stereotyped, pregnant employees may engage in concealing or supra-performance as coping strategies, which is predicted to jeopardise their safety. The strength and direction of the proposed causal relationships was tested using a rigorous longitudinal design with survey data from pregnant employees working in physically demanding jobs at three separate time points over two months (N 1 = 402; N 2 = 229; N 3 = 191). Latent growth curve modelling analysis indicated that ST is associated with greater use of concealment and supra-performance as coping strategies, as well as more experienced workplace accidents. Moreover, supra-performance appears to partially account for the relationship between ST and accidents. Scientifically, this study uniquely contributes to the literature by bridging two areas of research (stereotype threat and occupational safety) that have largely proceeded independently of each other. Given that pregnant workers represent a vulnerable and increasing sector of the workforce, it is critical to establish an empirical basis that can inform targeted and strategic interventions for improving the safety and health of pregnant employees.
摘要:本研究考察了刻板印象威胁(ST)的影响,即对确认自己所属群体的负面假设的恐惧(Steele, c.m.[1997])。空气中的威胁:刻板印象如何塑造知识分子的身份和表现。美国心理学家,52(6),613-629)关于怀孕工人的安全表现。为了避免被定型,怀孕的员工可能会采取隐瞒或超常表现作为应对策略,预计这会危及她们的安全。采用严格的纵向设计,对在两个月内三个不同时间点从事体力要求高的工作的怀孕员工的调查数据进行了强度和方向的检验(N 1 = 402;n2 = 229;N 3 = 191)。潜在增长曲线模型分析表明,ST与更多地使用隐藏和超绩效作为应对策略以及更有经验的工作场所事故有关。此外,超性能似乎部分解释了ST与事故之间的关系。从科学上讲,本研究通过连接两个研究领域(刻板印象威胁和职业安全),为文献做出了独特的贡献,这两个研究领域在很大程度上是相互独立的。鉴于怀孕工人是劳动力中一个脆弱且日益增加的部门,必须建立一个经验基础,为有针对性的战略干预措施提供信息,以改善怀孕雇员的安全和健康。
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引用次数: 6
Proactivity, stress appraisals, and problem-solving: A cross-level moderated mediation model 主动性、压力评估和问题解决:一个跨水平调节的中介模型
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-05-21 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2020.1767723
A. Espedido, Ben J. Searle
ABSTRACT Problem-solving demands have been shown to exert both positive and negative effects on employees. We examined whether these inconsistencies could be explained by the way people appraise (interpret) their problem-solving demands, either as a challenge or a threat. We proposed a cross-level moderated mediation model whereby the effects of problem-solving demands on a range of proactive behaviours (i.e. proactive innovation, problem prevention, voice, and proactive undermining) would be mediated by stress appraisals and moderated by psychological safety climate. Surveys were administered twice daily for 5 consecutive workdays to 248 employees from a variety of industries. Multilevel analyses showed that appraisals of challenge mediated the relationship between problem-solving demands and favourable forms of proactivity, whereas appraisals of threat mediated the relationship with unfavourable forms of proactivity. Depending on the type of proactive behaviour, these effects manifested at either the within- or between-person level. Finally, we observed a cross-level moderated mediation effect in which psychological safety climate strengthened the positive effects of within-person problem-solving demands on challenge appraisal, which in turn promoted proactive innovation. These results emphasise the explanatory power of stress appraisals and climate in shaping a range of proactive behaviours.
问题解决需求对员工既有积极影响,也有消极影响。我们研究了这些不一致是否可以通过人们评估(解释)他们解决问题的需求的方式来解释,无论是作为挑战还是威胁。我们提出了一个跨层次调节的中介模型,该模型认为,解决问题需求对一系列主动行为(即主动创新、问题预防、发声和主动破坏)的影响将由压力评估介导,并由心理安全气候调节。对248名来自不同行业的员工进行了连续5个工作日的调查,每天两次。多层次分析表明,挑战评价介导了问题解决需求与积极主动形式之间的关系,而威胁评价介导了消极主动形式之间的关系。根据主动性行为的类型,这些影响表现在人与人之间或人与人之间。最后,我们观察到一个跨水平的调节中介效应,即心理安全气候强化了个人问题解决需求对挑战评估的正向作用,而挑战评估反过来又促进了主动创新。这些结果强调了压力评估和气候在塑造一系列主动行为方面的解释力。
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引用次数: 14
Systematic literature review of psychological interventions for first responders 对急救人员心理干预的系统文献综述
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2020.1758833
L. Alden, L. Matthews, Shannon L. Wagner, T. Fyfe, Christine Randall, C. Regehr, Marc White, N. Buys, Mary G. Carey, W. Corneil, Nicole White, Alex Fraess-Phillips, E. Krutop
ABSTRACT We conducted a systematic review of the empirical literature examining the effectiveness of psychological interventions for post-traumatic symptomatology in police, firefighters, and paramedic personnel. The review process was guided by the PRISMA statement (Moher et al. [2009]. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097) and Institute of Medicine’s Standards for Systematic Reviews (IOM [2011]. Finding what works in health care: Standards for systematic reviews. nihlibrary.nih.gov/sites/default/files/Finding_What_Works_in_Health_Care_StandardsforSystematic_Reviews_IOM_2011.pdf). An inter-disciplinary, multi-national research team with expertise in mental health trauma and occupational stress in high risk professions was engaged at each stage of the review. Two team members rated each study in terms of quality and contribution to the research question. Twenty-one studies were identified: 9 case studies, 2 single-group studies, 8 randomised controlled trials, and 2 studies examining work leave. Most of the studies were limited by small sample sizes and absence of active control conditions. Research limitations reduce the ability to draw definitive best practices recommendations; however, the increase in randomised controlled trials provides encouraging signs that trauma-focused psychotherapies can be effective for first responders.
摘要:我们对实证文献进行了系统回顾,以检验心理干预对警察、消防员和护理人员创伤后症状的有效性。评审过程以PRISMA声明为指导(Moher等[2009])。系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目:PRISMA声明。公共医学杂志,6(7),e1000097。https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097)和医学研究所的系统评价标准(IOM[2011])。找出在医疗保健中有效的方法:系统评价的标准。nihlibrary.nih.gov /网站/违约/文件/ Finding_What_Works_in_Health_Care_StandardsforSystematic_Reviews_IOM_2011.pdf)。在审查的每个阶段都有一个跨学科的多国研究小组参与,该小组在高风险职业的心理健康创伤和职业压力方面具有专门知识。两名团队成员根据质量和对研究问题的贡献对每个研究进行评分。共确定了21项研究:9项案例研究、2项单组研究、8项随机对照试验和2项关于工作休假的研究。大多数研究受到样本量小和缺乏有效控制条件的限制。研究的局限性降低了得出明确最佳做法建议的能力;然而,随机对照试验的增加提供了令人鼓舞的迹象,表明以创伤为重点的心理治疗对急救人员是有效的。
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引用次数: 15
Changes in the association between job decision latitude and work engagement at different levels of work experience: A 10-year longitudinal study 不同工作经验水平下工作决策纬度与工作投入关系的变化:一项10年纵向研究
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2019.1577310
K. Heinrichs, P. Angerer, Jian Li, A. Loerbroks, M. Weigl, A. Müller
ABSTRACT This study set out to explore the effects of accumulating work experience on the association between job decision latitude and its interaction with job demands and work engagement. Our ten-year longitudinal study followed 333 junior physicians in postgraduate training at baseline. We used self-report measures in four assessment waves, and we conducted path analyses to investigate linear and curvilinear regression effects. Results show that high job decision latitude was associated with high work engagement at all levels of work experience, with strongest associations at baseline and after ten years. Only for novices did job decision latitude buffer the negative association between job demands and work engagement. At the stage of high work experience, low levels of job decision latitude were weakly associated with work engagement, whereas with higher levels of job decision latitude, the positive association seemed to strengthen. Our findings indicate that job decision latitude is a key job resource at all stages of work experience, with stronger effects among novices and experts. Organisations’ work design efforts should include job decision latitude to promote work engagement across employees’ different career stages, with consideration to job entrants and experts in order to tailor specific work design solutions.
摘要本研究旨在探讨工作经验的积累对工作决策自由度及其与工作需求和工作投入的互动关系的影响。我们的十年纵向研究跟踪了333名初级医生的研究生培训。我们在四个评估波中使用了自我报告测量,并进行了路径分析,以研究线性和曲线回归效应。结果表明,高工作决策自由度与各级工作经验的高工作参与度相关,在基线和十年后的相关性最强。只有对于新手来说,工作决策的自由度才缓冲了工作需求和工作投入之间的负面关联。在高工作经验阶段,低水平的工作决策自由度与工作参与度的相关性较弱,而随着高水平的工作决定自由度,这种正相关性似乎增强了。我们的研究结果表明,在工作经验的各个阶段,工作决策自由度都是一个关键的工作资源,在新手和专家中影响更大。组织的工作设计工作应包括工作决策自由度,以促进员工不同职业阶段的工作参与,同时考虑到入职者和专家,从而定制特定的工作设计解决方案。
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引用次数: 7
Socio-emotional and monetary employee-organization resource exchanges: Measurement and effects on daily employee functioning 员工组织的社会情感和金钱资源交换:对员工日常功能的衡量和影响
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2019.1616333
M. Tomprou, D. Xanthopoulou, M. Vakola
ABSTRACT Daily exchanges between employees and their organisation pertain mainly to socio-emotional resources. We investigate how daily employee-organizational resource exchanges relate to daily strain and work-related self-efficacy. We also examine the role of perceived organisational monetary investments on the relationship between daily employee resource investments and outcomes. To do so, we assess the psychometric properties of the Resource Exchange Scale (RES) that we developed for measuring general and daily employee and organisational resource investments (Study 1 and Study 2). Seventy-six health-care employees completed a general survey and a 10-day diary survey twice: at mid-shift and at the end of their shift (Study 3). Analyses supported the validity of the RES. Findings revealed that daily, under-reciprocal exchange related to increased physical symptoms. Mutual high daily resource investments related to greater work-related self-efficacy. The relationship between daily employee resource investments and self-efficacy was positive under conditions of both high and low perceived monetary investments. Lagged analyses showed that the previous day’s self-efficacy related positively to employees’ next day resource investments. Our findings suggest that socio-emotional resource exchanges matter for daily employee functioning, over and above between-person effects.
员工与组织之间的日常交流主要涉及社会情感资源。我们调查了日常员工-组织资源交换如何与日常压力和工作相关的自我效能感相关。我们还研究了感知组织货币投资对日常员工资源投资与结果之间关系的作用。为此,我们评估了资源交换量表(RES)的心理测量特性,该量表是我们开发的,用于测量一般和日常员工和组织资源投资(研究1和研究2)。76名医疗保健员工完成了两次一般调查和为期10天的日记调查:在轮班中和下班时(研究3)。分析支持RES的有效性。研究结果显示,日常的、互惠性不足的交换与身体症状的增加有关。相互的高日常资源投资与更高的工作自我效能有关。员工日常资源投入与自我效能感在感知货币投入高与低的情况下均呈正相关。滞后分析显示,前一天的自我效能感与员工第二天的资源投入呈正相关。我们的研究结果表明,社会情感资源交换对员工日常运作的影响超过了人与人之间的影响。
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引用次数: 5
Emotional labour, collectivism and strain: a comparison of Turkish and U.S. service employees 情绪劳动、集体主义和压力:土耳其和美国服务业雇员的比较
IF 6.1 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2019.1598515
A. Nixon, Savaş Ceylan, C. Nelson, Merve Alabak
ABSTRACT Global growth in service employment highlights the need to understand how cross-cultural differences impact emotional labour processes for service employees. The current study investigates these differences by examining the impact of national and individual level collectivistic values on emotional labour strategies and employee strain (emotional strain, turnover intentions, job satisfaction, and organisational commitment). Cross-sectional data was collected from U.S. (n = 191) and Turkish (n = 249) customer service employees. Results indicate that collectivism impacts the process model of emotional labour via direct and interaction effects. Collectivism was associated with higher emotional labour engagement and lower employee strains. Surface acting was uncorrelated with Turkish employees’ strain, though moderated regression analyses revealed interaction effects associated with national and individual level collectivism. These results suggest that collectivistic values may serve as a buffer against harmful effects associated with surface acting. This study is the first to directly compare emotional labour processes in U.S. and Turkish service employees and expand the process model of emotional labour to include collectivism. The theoretical implications of this expanded model are discussed, along with future research directions and practical applications of these findings.
服务业就业的全球增长凸显了了解跨文化差异如何影响服务业员工情绪劳动过程的必要性。本研究通过考察国家和个人层面的集体主义价值观对情绪劳动策略和员工压力(情绪压力、离职倾向、工作满意度和组织承诺)的影响来调查这些差异。横断面数据收集自美国(n = 191)和土耳其(n = 249)客户服务员工。结果表明,集体主义通过直接效应和交互效应影响情绪劳动的过程模型。集体主义与较高的情绪劳动投入和较低的员工压力有关。表面行为与土耳其员工的压力不相关,尽管适度的回归分析揭示了与国家和个人层面的集体主义相关的相互作用效应。这些结果表明,集体主义价值观可以作为与表面作用相关的有害影响的缓冲。本研究首次直接比较了美国和土耳其服务员工的情绪劳动过程,并将情绪劳动的过程模型扩展到包括集体主义。讨论了这一扩展模型的理论意义,以及未来的研究方向和这些发现的实际应用。
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引用次数: 11
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Work and Stress
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