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Ginger oil microemulsion improves reproductive performance of male albino rats: sexual behavior, gross testicular measurements, spermatogenesis, and expression of sperm capacitation genes 姜油微乳改善雄性白化大鼠生殖性能：性行为、睾丸大体测量、精子发生和精子获能基因表达
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-08-09 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00654-6
Enas K. Aziz, Nagwa I. Sherabia, Doaa A. Mansour, Mona A. Nasr, Eman Elhusseiny, Afaf A. Kishta, Ahmed E. Elweza, Hend Mohmed Abdel-Bar, Reda M. Korany, Basma A. Elshafey

Background

The effectiveness of nanoparticles in enhancing male sexual performance is a topic of great attention these days. The research goal was to evaluate the potency of ginger oil (G-Oil) and ginger oil microemulsion (G-ME) on male rat fertility and reproductive performance. Thirty-five male albino rats were split up into five groups and delivered oral gavage three times a week for eight weeks: control (1 ml /kg bw distilled water), corn oil (1 ml /kg bw corn oil), ginger oil (75 mg/kg bw ginger oil in corn oil as a vehicle), ginger oil microemulsion at two doses (75 and 37.5 mg/kg bw, respectively). Assessments of sexual behavior, sperm quality, relative testes weight, serum sex hormones, testicular oxidant/antioxidant status, sperm capacitation markers, and histomorphology and immunohistochemical changes in both testicles and epididymis were utilized.

Results

The results revealed that G-ME administration, especially at a low dose (37.5 mg/kg bw), significantly (p < 0.05) improved sexual behavior, relative testes weight, serum testosterone, and activating antioxidant enzyme Superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content in testicular tissues, indicating its antioxidant activity. Moreover, G-ME had significantly (p < 0.001) higher expression of SPACA1 and CD59b genes, accompanied by improvements in sperm motility, count, and viability compared to the control group. Additionally, G-ME 37.5 mg/kg bw showed remarkable histological enhancements as spermatogenic cells and spermatozoa increased in seminiferous tubules and epididymis tubular lumen. Also, a stimulatory effect was detected on proliferating cells with increasing PCNA immunodepression in testicular and epididymal tissues.

Conclusions

Finally, the results obtained revealed the superiority of G-ME at a low dose of 37.5 mg/kg above the traditional G-Oil due to improvements in its physical properties, which resulted in increased ginger bioavailability and improved different rat fertility indices.

纳米颗粒在提高男性性能力方面的有效性是近年来备受关注的话题。本研究旨在评价姜油（G-Oil）和姜油微乳（G-ME）对雄性大鼠生育能力和生殖性能的影响。将35只雄性白化大鼠分为5组，每周灌胃3次，共8周：对照组（蒸馏水1 ml /kg bw）、玉米油（玉米油1 ml /kg bw）、姜油（以玉米油为载体的姜油75 mg/kg bw）、姜油微乳2剂量（分别为75和37.5 mg/kg bw）。评估性行为、精子质量、睾丸相对重量、血清性激素、睾丸氧化/抗氧化状态、精子获能标记物以及睾丸和附睾的组织形态学和免疫组织化学变化。结果G-ME给药，特别是低剂量（37.5 mg/kg bw），显著（p < 0.05）改善了大鼠的性行为、睾丸相对体重、血清睾酮，激活了抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），降低了睾丸组织中丙二醛（MDA）的含量，表明其具有抗氧化活性。此外，与对照组相比，G-ME组的SPACA1和CD59b基因的表达显著（p < 0.001）增加，同时精子活力、数量和活力也有所改善。此外，37.5 mg/kg bw的G-ME显著增强了精管和附睾管腔的生精细胞和精子数量。此外，在睾丸和附睾组织中检测到对增殖细胞的刺激作用，增加了PCNA免疫抑制。结论低剂量（37.5 mg/kg）的G-ME具有明显的物理性能优势，提高了生姜的生物利用度，改善了大鼠的生育指标。
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引用次数: 0
Naringin from Citrus maxima peel: a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer via PKM2 inhibition 柑橘皮柚皮苷：通过抑制PKM2治疗乳腺癌的潜在药物
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00668-0
Flama Monteiro, Vijith Vittal Shetty, Ranjitha Acharaya, Sriram Naresh, Manne Munikumar, Shilpa S Shetty, Pradeep Nataranjan, Suchetha Kumari N

Introduction

An extensive array of medicinal plants has undergone investigation, underscoring the imperative for the continued screening of natural inhibitors with the potential to target cancer metabolism. The current research endeavor was directed toward evaluating the chemotherapeutic efficacy of peel extracts of Citrus maxima and its constituent flavonoid, Naringin (NA), in the context of breast cancer, specifically targeting the pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 (PKM2).

Materials and methods

Extracts from the peel of Citrus maxima were prepared and analyzed using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) to detect the presence of the bioactive compound, NA. The potential anti-proliferative effects of these peel extracts of Citrus maxima and NA were examined against human breast cancer cell lines utilizing an MTT assay. To investigate the distribution of the cell cycle, cell cycle analysis was conducted. The induction of apoptosis was ascertained using Annexin V-FITC through flow cytometry. The protein expression of PKM2 was analyzed using Western blotting. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations analysis were employed.

Results

Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis confirmed the existence of NA within the extracts of Citrus maxima. Both the crude extracts and NA demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation. Our findings indicate that these crude extracts and NA instigate both early and late apoptosis, in addition to causing cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Immunoblotting studies further revealed that the expression of PKM2 protein was suppressed by both the crude extracts and NA. Computational analysis demonstrated stable binding affinity with Ser77, His78, and Lys207 of PKM2.

Conclusion

This investigation unveils the presence of NA within Citrus maxima extracts, exhibiting robust affinity for PKM2 via molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Extracts and NA dose-dependently inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation. Notably, PKM2 regulates cancer cell glycolysis, promising intricate therapeutic prospects for breast cancer.

一系列广泛的药用植物已经进行了研究，强调了继续筛选具有靶向癌症代谢潜力的天然抑制剂的必要性。目前的研究工作旨在评估柑橘皮提取物及其成分类黄酮柚皮苷（NA）在乳腺癌中的化疗效果，特别是针对丙酮酸激酶同工酶M2 （PKM2）。材料与方法制备柑橘皮提取物，采用液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）检测其活性成分NA的存在。利用MTT法研究了柑橘皮提取物和NA提取物对人乳腺癌细胞株的潜在抗增殖作用。为了研究细胞周期的分布，我们进行了细胞周期分析。流式细胞术检测Annexin V-FITC对凋亡的诱导作用。Western blotting分析PKM2蛋白表达。采用分子对接和动力学模拟分析。结果液相色谱-质谱（LC-MS）分析证实了大黄柑提取物中NA的存在。粗提物和NA均表现出剂量依赖性的乳腺癌细胞增殖抑制作用。我们的研究结果表明，这些粗提取物和NA除了在G2/M期引起细胞周期阻滞外，还能促进早期和晚期细胞凋亡。免疫印迹研究进一步发现，粗提物和NA均能抑制PKM2蛋白的表达。计算分析表明，PKM2与Ser77、His78和Lys207具有稳定的结合亲和力。通过分子对接和动力学模拟，本研究揭示了NA在柑橘提取物中存在，对PKM2表现出强大的亲和力。提取物和NA剂量依赖性抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖。值得注意的是，PKM2调节癌细胞糖酵解，对乳腺癌具有复杂的治疗前景。
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引用次数: 0
Ethyl acetate extract from red coralline macroalgae Mastophora rosea, rich in polyphenolic catechins, induces apoptosis and inhibits metastasis in melanoma cell line 红珊瑚巨藻的乙酸乙酯提取物含有丰富的多酚儿茶素，可诱导黑色素瘤细胞凋亡和抑制转移
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-08-02 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00665-3
Eka Sunarwidhi Prasedya, Putu Bella Aprillia Saraswati, Ni Wayan Riyani Martyasari, Andri Frediansyah, Munawar Khalil, Sri Widyastuti

Background

The rise in global temperatures and subsequent increase in extreme heatwaves is implicated to have a significant contribution to the growing incidence of various skin diseases, particularly melanoma skin cancer. The existing therapeutic approaches for skin cancer such as chemotherapy induce significant adverse effects. This highlights the need for further development of novel medicinal substances from natural sources which has less side effects implications. Macroalgae, often known as seaweeds, are recognized for their diverse array of bioactive compounds, which have numerous potential applications. The red coralline macroalgae or seaweed Mastophora rosea is abundant in the tropical Indo-Pacific region, including Indonesia. However, little is known regarding the phytochemical profile and potent bioactivity of this unique seaweed. The objective of this study is to assess the phytochemical profile, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of M. rosea in melanoma cell line.

Methodology

The dried macroalgae M. rosea sample was extracted using various solvents with differing polarities: ethanol, ethyl acetate (EA), and n-hexane. Subsequent biochemical evaluations included total phenolic content and antioxidant capability. Additionally, cytotoxic experiments were conducted using the mammalian melanoma cell line SK-MEL-2.

Results

The ANOVA results revealed that the EA solvent was the most efficient in producing extracts with high total phenolic content (368.81 ± 3.16 mg GAE/g). This high total phenolic content is accompanied by potent antioxidant capacity (IC50 = 99.52 ± 19.58 µg/mL). In addition, M. rosea EA extract is attributed with the presence of various polyphenolic catechins, such as gallic acid, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin (EGC), catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechingallate (EGCG), and epicatechingallate (ECG). Furthermore, M. rosea EA shows strong cytotoxic activity against the melanoma cell line SK-MEL-2 (IC50 = 37.10 ± 0.85 µg/mL). In addition to the melanoma cell line, the M. rosea EA extract shows similar cytotoxicity in epithelial HeLa cells (IC50 = 34.32 ± 1.19 µg/mL) and low cytotoxicity in normal human dermal fibroblast cells (IC50 > 200 µg/mL).

Conclusion

The current results show that M. rosea could induce apoptosis and also suppress metastasis activity in SK-MEL-2 cells. Further characterization and isolation of the possible bioactive compounds are necessary to better comprehend its mechanism of action against melanoma. Nevertheless, this study indicates that more study needed to be done on various macroalgae regarding their phenolic components that may be beneficial for the development of novel therapeutic agents for cancer treatment.

Graphical abstract

全球气温的上升和随之而来的极端热浪的增加被认为对各种皮肤疾病，特别是黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发病率不断上升有重要贡献。现有的治疗皮肤癌的方法，如化疗，会引起明显的不良反应。这突出表明需要进一步从天然来源开发副作用较小的新型药用物质。大型藻类，通常被称为海藻，因其多种生物活性化合物而被公认，具有许多潜在的应用前景。红珊瑚大藻或海草在热带印度洋-太平洋地区，包括印度尼西亚，是丰富的。然而，人们对这种独特海藻的植物化学特征和有效的生物活性知之甚少。本研究的目的是评估玫瑰红支原体在黑色素瘤细胞系中的植物化学特征、抗氧化和细胞毒活性。方法采用不同极性溶剂乙醇、乙酸乙酯和正己烷提取大藻样品。随后的生化评价包括总酚含量和抗氧化能力。此外，利用哺乳动物黑色素瘤细胞系SK-MEL-2进行了细胞毒性实验。结果方差分析结果表明，EA溶剂提取的总酚含量最高（368.81±3.16 mg GAE/g）；这种高总酚含量伴随着强大的抗氧化能力（IC50 = 99.52±19.58µg/mL）。此外，玫瑰玫瑰提取物还含有多种多酚儿茶素，如没食子酸、没食子儿茶素、没食子儿茶素（EGC）、儿茶素、表儿茶素、没食子儿茶素（EGCG）和表儿茶素（ECG）。此外，玫瑰草提取物对黑色素瘤细胞系SK-MEL-2具有较强的细胞毒活性（IC50 = 37.10±0.85µg/mL）。除黑色素瘤细胞系外，玫瑰荆芥提取物对上皮HeLa细胞具有相似的细胞毒性（IC50 = 34.32±1.19µg/mL），对正常人真皮成纤维细胞具有较低的细胞毒性（IC50 > 200µg/mL）。结论玫红色念珠菌对SK-MEL-2细胞具有诱导凋亡和抑制转移活性的作用。为了更好地了解其抗黑色素瘤的作用机制，有必要进一步表征和分离可能的生物活性化合物。然而，这项研究表明，需要对各种大型藻类的酚类成分进行更多的研究，这些研究可能有助于开发新的癌症治疗药物。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Bag Valve Mask with Ventilation Indicator (BVM-VI) prototype for ventilation rhythm in Basic Life Support 基本生命支持中通气节律的带通气指示器的袋式阀面罩（BVM-VI）原型
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-08-01 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00664-4
Pratama Yulianto, Endang Triyanto, Ridlwan Kamaluddin, Adhe Akbar Azanni

Background

Bag valve mask (BVM) are a practical choice for emergency medical personnel to treat out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, the use of currently available conventional BVM still often results in overventilation in cases of cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. Globally, 79% of hyperventilation events occur during Basic Life Support (BLS) with BVM. This study aims to produce a prototype BVM-VI.

Method

The prototyping method of Research and Development design was chosen as the primary method, followed by black box testing with clinical, practical, and academic experts, and ended with limited scale testing with 10 users.

Result

BVM-VI is the result of combining conventional BVM with a portable indicator light module to signal ventilation actions. Expert assessment using the black box test method with CVI analysis resulted in a content validity score of 100%. A limited study conducted by nursing students using a survey method showed reliability with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.769.

Conclusion

BVM-VI became the initial prototype for developing a ventilation aid with breathing rhythm adjustment in BLS.

背景袋式瓣膜面罩（BVM）是急救医务人员治疗院外心脏骤停（OHCA）的实用选择。然而，在心脏骤停或呼吸衰竭的情况下，使用目前可用的传统BVM仍然经常导致过度通气。在全球范围内，79%的过度通气事件发生在BVM的基本生命支持（BLS）期间。本研究的目的是制造一个BVM-VI原型机。方法采用研发设计的原型法作为主要方法，然后进行临床、实践和学术专家的黑盒测试，最后进行10名用户的有限规模测试。结果tbvm - vi是将传统BVM与便携式指示灯模块相结合的结果，指示通风动作。专家评价采用黑盒检验法结合CVI分析，内容效度评分为100%。用调查法对护生进行的一项有限研究显示信度，班级内相关系数（ICC）为0.769。结论bvm - vi是开发具有呼吸节律调节功能的BLS通气辅助设备的雏形。
{"title":"Bag Valve Mask with Ventilation Indicator (BVM-VI) prototype for ventilation rhythm in Basic Life Support","authors":"Pratama Yulianto,&nbsp;Endang Triyanto,&nbsp;Ridlwan Kamaluddin,&nbsp;Adhe Akbar Azanni","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00664-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00664-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bag valve mask (BVM) are a practical choice for emergency medical personnel to treat out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). However, the use of currently available conventional BVM still often results in overventilation in cases of cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. Globally, 79% of hyperventilation events occur during Basic Life Support (BLS) with BVM. This study aims to produce a prototype BVM-VI.</p><h3>Method</h3><p>The prototyping method of Research and Development design was chosen as the primary method, followed by black box testing with clinical, practical, and academic experts, and ended with limited scale testing with 10 users.</p><h3>Result</h3><p>BVM-VI is the result of combining conventional BVM with a portable indicator light module to signal ventilation actions. Expert assessment using the black box test method with CVI analysis resulted in a content validity score of 100%. A limited study conducted by nursing students using a survey method showed reliability with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.769.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>BVM-VI became the initial prototype for developing a ventilation aid with breathing rhythm adjustment in BLS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00664-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Research progress on the application of near-infrared spectroscopy in liquid food quality testing 近红外光谱技术在液态食品质量检测中的应用研究进展
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00660-8
Wenliang Qi, Qingqing Jiang,  Erihemu

Near-infrared spectroscopy is a spectral analysis technique that involves electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths between the visible spectrum and the mid-infrared spectrum. The technique can realize non-destructive testing of samples and is particularly suitable for rapid analysis in the field and online quality monitoring. This technique utilizes the absorption of near-infrared light by hydrogen-containing groups within a sample, enabling the extraction of specific information regarding the characteristics of these hydrogen-containing groups within the analyzed organic molecules. The application of chemometrics in near-infrared spectral analysis reduces the data set size, excludes noise interference and improves the efficiency of multivariate correction. The finite variable model construction reduces the random errors and improves the accuracy of the prediction results. The present document synthesizes the application of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics in the context of liquid food safety detection. It provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art research in this field, emphasizing the role of chemometrics analysis in evaluating the quality and safety of liquid foods. Additionally, it delves into the merits and limitations of this technological approach, offering insight into its potential for future advancement and expansion.

近红外光谱是一种光谱分析技术，涉及可见光光谱和中红外光谱之间波长的电磁辐射。该技术可实现样品的无损检测，特别适用于现场快速分析和在线质量监测。该技术利用样品中含氢基团对近红外光的吸收，从而能够提取有关被分析有机分子中这些含氢基团特征的特定信息。化学计量学在近红外光谱分析中的应用减少了数据集的规模，排除了噪声干扰，提高了多元校正的效率。有限变量模型的建立减少了随机误差，提高了预测结果的准确性。本文综述了近红外光谱和化学计量学在液体食品安全检测中的应用。它提供了该领域最新研究的全面概述，强调化学计量学分析在评估液体食品质量和安全中的作用。此外，它还深入研究了这种技术方法的优点和局限性，并提供了其未来发展和扩展的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Preparation of Aloe vera extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles for the controlled delivery of extract phytochemicals in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury rat model 芦荟提取物负载壳聚糖纳米颗粒的制备及其在四氯化碳肝损伤大鼠模型中的控制传递
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00663-5
Omar Ashraf, Alyaa Farid, Gehan Safwat

Background

A significant contributing factor to liver damage is drug consumption. Phytochemicals of Aloe vera extract are effective against a variety of diseases. Consequently, this study aimed to create chitosan nanoparticles (chi NPs) that were loaded with Aloe vera extract (ALV extract) to increase the delivery of the extract's bioactive materials. ALV extract, chi NPs, and Aloe vera extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (ALV-chi NPs) underwent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity tests. The preventive and therapeutic effects of ALV-chi NPs against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury were assessed using a male Sprague Dawley rat model.

Results

Our findings demonstrated that the synthesis of ALV-chi NPs was a promising option for combining the therapeutic benefits of both ALV extract (included in its phytochemicals) and chi NPs. ALV-chi NPs have a uniformly distributed smooth shape with a size of 48.3 ± 2.97 nm, similar to the hydrodynamic size (50.9 ± 0.07 nm), and a surface charge of 38.16 mV. At a 1000 μg/mL concentration, ALV-chi NPs showed high DPPH scavenging % and a high hemolysis inhibition %. At 75 μg/mL, ALV-chi NPs showed lower PTT (63.7 s) than ALV extract (71.2 s). The phenolic components and flavonoids in the extract were released under controlled conditions throughout time, and their bioavailability was enhanced by loading the extract on chi NPs.

Conclusions

Among all tested formulations, ALV-chi NPs demonstrated superior efficacy, showing 95.4% DPPH scavenging (vs. 91.8% for free extract), 94.1% hemolysis inhibition (comparable to indomethacin), and optimal hepatoprotection in CCl4-induced liver injury. ALV-chi NPs ameliorated the raised levels of liver function parameters, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and intracellular apoptotic proteins.

Graphical abstract

肝损害的一个重要因素是药物消耗。芦荟提取物的植物化学成分对多种疾病都有效。因此，本研究旨在制造装载芦荟提取物（ALV提取物）的壳聚糖纳米颗粒（chi NPs），以增加提取物生物活性物质的递送。ALV提取物、chi NPs和芦荟提取物负载的壳聚糖纳米颗粒（ALV-chi NPs）进行了抗氧化、抗炎和细胞毒性测试。采用雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠模型，观察ALV-chi NPs对四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导的肝损伤的预防和治疗作用。结果ALV-chi NPs的合成是一种结合ALV提取物（包括其植物化学物质）和chi NPs治疗益处的有希望的选择。ALV-chi NPs具有均匀分布的光滑形状，尺寸为48.3±2.97 nm，与流体力学尺寸（50.9±0.07 nm）相似，表面电荷为38.16 mV。在1000 μg/mL浓度下，ALV-chi NPs具有较高的DPPH清除率和较高的溶血抑制率。在75 μg/mL时，ALV-chi NPs的PTT （63.7 s）低于ALV提取物（71.2 s）。提取物中的酚类成分和黄酮类成分在控制条件下随时间释放，并通过将提取物加载到chi NPs上提高其生物利用度。结论ALV-chi NPs对DPPH的清除率为95.4%（游离提取物为91.8%），对溶血的抑制率为94.1%（与吲哚美辛相当），对ccl4诱导的肝损伤具有良好的保护作用。ALV-chi NPs改善了肝功能参数、促炎细胞因子和细胞内凋亡蛋白的升高水平。图形抽象
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引用次数: 0
Antibacterial effects of nano-emulsified cumin oil on performance and carcass characteristics in weaning rabbits infected by Clostridium perfringens type A 纳米乳化孜然油对A型产气荚膜梭菌感染断奶家兔生产性能和胴体特性的抑菌作用
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00659-1
Reda. R. Fathy, Mohamed Abaza, Zangabel Mohamed, Aya. H. Tantawy, Mona Abdallah, Noura M. khalaf, Sherein Mohamed

Background

This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effects and growth-promoting potential of nano-emulsified cumin oil (NECO) in vitro and in vivo trials using newly weaned Gabaly rabbits. NECO was tested as both a preventive and curative agent against Clostridium perfringens type A infection through dietary supplementation.

Methods

The study included two experimental phases: (1) an in vitro trial to determine the bacterial inhibition potential of different NECO concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1 mL) and (2) an in vivo trial using 120 four-week-old newly weaned male Gabaly rabbits (0.544 kg average body weight) allocated into five groups (n = 24/group were divided into 3 replicates, 8 animals each). The groups were: G1 (negative control, no infection or supplement), G2 (NECO control, supplemented with 10 mL/kg diet), G3 (positive control, infected with C. perfringens type A, no supplement), G4 (preventive NECO, supplemented with 10 mL/kg diet before infection), and G5 (curative NECO, supplemented with 10 mL/kg diet after infection). NECO was formulated as a stable nano-emulsion using a high-shear homogenizer.

Results

The in vitro study demonstrated that NECO inhibited C. perfringens growth at all tested concentrations, with complete inhibition observed at 1 mL. Based on this, the 1 mL concentration was selected for in vivo trials. Infected rabbits (G3) exhibited clinical signs including anorexia, depression, severe diarrhea, and bloat, with a morbidity rate of 90% and a 35% mortality rate by the 5th day post-challenge. NECO supplementation significantly improved (p < 0.05) final body weight (FBW), total weight gain, and average daily gain (ADG) in G2 compared to G3. While G4 and G5 did not significantly differ in FBW or ADG from the control (G1), all NECO-supplemented groups had improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to G3 (p < 0.05). The best FCR was observed in G2 (3.80), followed by G4 (4.51) and G5 (4.77), while the worst was in G3 (5.31). Histopathological and postmortem findings confirmed reduced disease severity with NECO supplementation.

Conclusion

These results suggest that NECO serves as a natural antibacterial alternative, effectively mitigating C. perfringens infection while enhancing growth performance.

本研究旨在评价纳米乳化孜然油（NECO）体外和体内对刚断奶的Gabaly家兔的抑菌作用和促生长潜力。通过膳食补充，研究了NECO对a型产气荚膜梭菌感染的预防和治疗作用。方法实验分为两个阶段：(1)体外试验，研究不同浓度（0.1、0.2、0.5、1 mL）的NECO对细菌的抑制作用；(2)体内试验，选取平均体重0.544 kg的4周龄新断奶雄性Gabaly兔120只，随机分为5组（n = 24只/组，每组3个重复，每个重复8只）。各组分别为：G1（阴性对照组，未感染或补充）、G2 （NECO对照组，添加10 mL/kg日粮）、G3（阳性对照组，感染A型产气荚膜原菌，未添加）、G4（预防性NECO，感染前添加10 mL/kg日粮）、G5（治疗性NECO，感染后添加10 mL/kg日粮）。采用高剪切均质机配制成稳定的纳米乳液。结果体外实验表明，在所有浓度下，NECO均能抑制产气荚膜梭菌的生长，在1ml浓度下均有完全抑制作用，在此基础上选择1ml浓度进行体内实验。感染兔（G3）表现出厌食、抑郁、严重腹泻和腹胀等临床症状，攻毒后第5天发病率为90%，死亡率为35%。与G3相比，添加NECO显著提高了G2的最终体重（FBW）、总增重和平均日增重（ADG） （p < 0.05）。G4和G5的增重和平均日增重与对照组（G1）相比差异不显著（p < 0.05），但所有添加neco组的饲料系数（FCR）均高于G3 （p < 0.05）。FCR最好的是G2(3.80)，其次是G4（4.51）和G5 (4.77)， G3最差（5.31）。组织病理学和尸检结果证实，补充NECO可降低疾病严重程度。结论NECO是一种天然抑菌剂，可有效减轻产气荚膜荚膜原菌感染，提高生长性能。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular and morphological characterization of Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Egypt 埃及贝氏金蝇的分子和形态特征（双翅目：金蝇科）
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-07-20 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00657-3
Salwa S. Rashed, Emad I. M. Khater, Rawda M. Badawy, Abdalla H. Radwan, Eman E. Zaher

Background

Chrysomya bezziana (Villeneuve, 1914), the screw-worm fly, is a significant parasitic blow fly species that causes obligatory myiasis in livestock and, in some cases, in humans. Its ability to infest wounds and cause extensive tissue damage makes it a significant concern in the veterinary and public health sectors. Accurate and timely identification of C. bezziana is critical for managing outbreaks and implementing control measures. This study confirms the occurrence of C. bezziana in Egypt through both morphological and molecular identification, as only a few studies have reported its presence in Egypt so far. Adult samples of C. bezziana were collected using meat-baited traps situated in the cemeteries of two localities in Egypt (Port Said and El-Sharkia Governorates). DNA was extracted from the specimens for molecular identification using the cytochrome oxidase I (cox1) gene.

Results

Morphologically, C. bezziana adult flies were identified by a row of hairs on the dorsal surface of the wing's stem vein, blackish anterior spiracles, and the most distinctive characteristic, a white calypter with a whitish-yellow distal end, which differentiates this species from the most closely related species, Chrysomya megacephala. Genetically, it was found that based on a 703 bp fragment of the cox1 gene, C. bezziana was accurately identified, and further phylogenetic analysis confirmed the DNA-based identification of adult specimens of C. bezziana examined. This finding confirms the presence of C. bezziana and expands our knowledge of its distribution in Egypt.

Conclusion

This study is the first to report the occurrence of C. bezziana in Egypt using an integration of molecular and morphological methods.

背景金蝇（Villeneuve, 1914）是一种螺旋蝇，是一种重要的寄生性吹蝇，可引起牲畜和某些情况下人类的强制性蝇蛆病。它能够在伤口上滋生并造成广泛的组织损伤，这使它成为兽医和公共卫生部门的一个重大关切。准确和及时地识别贝氏弧菌对于管理疫情和实施控制措施至关重要。本研究通过形态学和分子鉴定证实了C. bezziana在埃及的存在，目前仅有少数研究报道其在埃及的存在。利用设在埃及两个地区（塞得港省和沙尔基亚省）墓地的肉饵诱捕器收集了贝齐亚纳弓形虫成虫样本。从标本中提取DNA，利用细胞色素氧化酶I （cox1）基因进行分子鉴定。结果在形态学上，白腹金蝇成虫的翅干静脉背表面有一排毛，前气门呈黑色，其最显著的特征是喙部呈白色，远端呈白黄色，这是白腹金蝇与其最接近的物种大头金蝇的区别。遗传学上，发现基于cox1基因703 bp的片段，准确地鉴定了白僵菌，进一步的系统发育分析证实了白僵菌成虫标本的dna鉴定。这一发现证实了C. bezziana的存在，并扩大了我们对其在埃及分布的了解。结论本研究首次采用分子和形态学相结合的方法报道了贝齐亚纳弧菌在埃及的发生。
{"title":"Molecular and morphological characterization of Chrysomya bezziana (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Egypt","authors":"Salwa S. Rashed,&nbsp;Emad I. M. Khater,&nbsp;Rawda M. Badawy,&nbsp;Abdalla H. Radwan,&nbsp;Eman E. Zaher","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00657-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00657-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Chrysomya bezziana</i> (Villeneuve, 1914), the screw-worm fly, is a significant parasitic blow fly species that causes obligatory myiasis in livestock and, in some cases, in humans. Its ability to infest wounds and cause extensive tissue damage makes it a significant concern in the veterinary and public health sectors. Accurate and timely identification of <i>C. bezziana</i> is critical for managing outbreaks and implementing control measures. This study confirms the occurrence of <i>C. bezziana</i> in Egypt through both morphological and molecular identification, as only a few studies have reported its presence in Egypt so far. Adult samples of <i>C. bezziana</i> were collected using meat-baited traps situated in the cemeteries of two localities in Egypt (Port Said and El-Sharkia Governorates). DNA was extracted from the specimens for molecular identification using the cytochrome oxidase I (<i>cox1</i>) gene.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Morphologically, <i>C. bezziana</i> adult flies were identified by a row of hairs on the dorsal surface of the wing's stem vein, blackish anterior spiracles, and the most distinctive characteristic, a white calypter with a whitish-yellow distal end, which differentiates this species from the most closely related species, <i>Chrysomya megacephala</i>. Genetically, it was found that based on a 703 bp fragment of the <i>cox1</i> gene, <i>C. bezziana</i> was accurately identified, and further phylogenetic analysis confirmed the DNA-based identification of adult specimens of <i>C. bezziana</i> examined. This finding confirms the presence of <i>C. bezziana</i> and expands our knowledge of its distribution in Egypt.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study is the first to report the occurrence of <i>C. bezziana</i> in Egypt using an integration of molecular and morphological methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00657-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145167626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The potential of microneedle platforms in addressing pediatric drug delivery challenges: perspectives of healthcare professionals and parents 微针平台在解决儿科药物输送挑战方面的潜力：医疗保健专业人员和家长的观点
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-07-20 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00662-6
Heba Y. Raslan, Waleed Faisal, Noura H. Abdellah, Sara A. Abouelmagd, Elsayed A. Ibrahim

Background

Pediatric drug delivery faces significant challenges owing to children’s unique physiology and limitations of conventional dosage forms. There is a growing need for age-appropriate, safe, and effective alternatives.

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the challenges in selecting pediatric pharmaceutical dosage forms and to evaluate the potential of microneedles (MNs) as an innovative solution, capturing perspectives of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and parents.

Methods

Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted: (1) a survey for pediatricians (n = 154) on dosage form challenges, and (2) a survey of HCPs and parents (n = 386) on perceptions of MNs for pediatric drug delivery. Responses were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively.

Results

Pediatricians identified key barriers: unsuitable formulations (53%), injection distress (38%), and inadequate strength availability (29%). Cost (59%), therapeutic efficacy (60%), and administration route (53%) dominated prescribing decisions. Anti-infectives (69%) and analgesics (47%) were top candidates for reformulation. Respondents (85%) acknowledged needle phobia as a major issue, and 84% expressed willingness to use MNs, peaking at 93% for children aged 1–3 years. MNs’ perceived advantages included reduced needle phobia, improved compliance in chronic diseases, and self-administration potential. Primary concerns included practicality in emergencies (59%), drug-loading capacity (46%), and dosing accuracy.

Conclusions

Significant unmet needs persist in pediatric drug delivery. MNs demonstrate strong potential to address core challenges, particularly needle aversion and formulation unsuitability, with high acceptance among stakeholders. Translation requires overcoming barriers in manufacturing scalability, regulatory clarity, and user-centered design. Coordinated efforts in education, targeted formulation development, and policy advocacy are essential for clinical integration.

由于儿童独特的生理和传统剂型的局限性，儿童给药面临着巨大的挑战。人们越来越需要适合年龄、安全、有效的替代品。目的本研究旨在评估儿科药物剂型选择的挑战，并评估微针（MNs）作为一种创新解决方案的潜力，获取医疗保健专业人员（HCPs）和家长的观点。方法进行两项横断面调查：(1)对儿科医生（n = 154）进行剂型挑战的调查；(2)对HCPs和家长（n = 386）进行儿科给药MNs认知的调查。对调查结果进行定量和定性分析。结果医生确定了主要障碍：配方不合适（53%）、注射窘迫（38%）和强度可用性不足（29%）。费用（59%）、疗效（60%）和给药途径（53%）是决定处方的主要因素。抗感染药（69%）和镇痛药（47%）是重新配制的首选药物。受访者（85%）承认针头恐惧症是主要问题，84%表示愿意使用MNs， 1-3岁儿童的比例最高为93%。MNs的优势包括减少针头恐惧症，提高慢性疾病的依从性，以及自我给药的潜力。主要关注的问题包括紧急情况的实用性（59%）、载药量（46%）和给药准确性。结论儿童给药需求仍未得到满足。MNs在解决核心挑战，特别是针头厌恶和配方不合适方面表现出强大的潜力，并得到利益相关者的高度接受。翻译需要克服制造可扩展性、监管清晰度和以用户为中心的设计方面的障碍。在教育、有针对性的配方开发和政策宣传方面的协调努力对临床整合至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Docking investigation of Thevetia peruviana plant compounds for targeting molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni 紫花藤植物化合物对曼氏血吸虫中间寄主alexandphalaria钉螺杀螺活性的对接研究
IF 2.6 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-025-00624-y
Samah I. Ghoname, Basma H. Amin, Asmaa T. Mohamed, Olfat A. Hammam, Hebat-Allah A. Dokmak
<div><h3>Background</h3><p><i>Thevetia peruviana</i>, commonly known as Yellow Oleander or Cabbage Tree, is a tropical shrub. Extracts from various parts of the plant (e.g., leaves, seeds) have demonstrated pesticidal properties, including the ability to repel or kill intermediate hosts of <i>Schistosomiasis.</i></p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study employed gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis to identify 33 components in the ethanol extract, with key compounds exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, the research investigated the molluscicidal activity of the plant extract, its impact on Caspase-3 expression, steroid sex hormone levels in <i>Biomphalaria alexandrina</i>, and histological alterations in the digestive and hermaphrodite glands. Levels of nitric oxide and comet assay results were evaluated in <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>-Infected <i>B. alexandrina</i> snails, comparing them to a control group at the first cercarial shedding stage. The analysis of docking scores provides a quantitative measure of binding affinity, where more negative values indicate stronger interactions. The variation in docking scores highlights the diverse binding potentials of these compounds and emphasizes the importance of considering specific molecular interactions in the context of Caspase-3 modulation.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The study identified 33 components in the ethanol extract of <i>T. peruviana</i>, analyzed by GC–MS. Molluscicidal tests demonstrated concentration-dependent sensitivity, with an LC<sub>90</sub> value of 43.79 ppm. Caspase-3 expression was upregulated in <i>B. alexandrina</i> snails following treatment with LC<sub>10</sub> ppm and LC<sub>25</sub> ppm, affecting steroid sex hormone levels. Histological analysis revealed significant damage to the digestive and hermaphrodite glands, indicating reproductive disturbances post-treatment. At the first cercarial shedding stage, nitric oxide levels increased at LC<sub>10</sub> ppm and LC<sub>25</sub> ppm compared to the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.001). DNA damage percentage also increased with higher treatment concentrations, showing varied responses in <i>S. mansoni</i>-infected <i>B. alexandrina</i> snails. The in silico study identified Glycan Sialylated Tetraose Type-2 as the most active compound, exhibiting the highest affinity and the most significant effect against Caspase-3.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><i>Thevetia peruviana</i> extract exhibited concentration-dependent molluscicidal effects on <i>B. alexandrina</i> snails, impacting key biological processes, such as Caspase-3 expression and sex hormone levels. Histological analysis revealed glandular damage, while increased nitric oxide levels and DNA damage highlighted the extract’s effects on infected snails. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the importance of understanding ligand–protein interactions, providing valuable insights into targeting apoptosis through Ca
绿夹竹桃，俗称黄夹竹桃或卷心菜树，是一种热带灌木。从该植物的不同部位（如叶子、种子）提取的提取物已显示出杀虫特性，包括击退或杀死血吸虫病中间宿主的能力。方法采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）对乙醇提取物中的33种成分进行鉴定，筛选出具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌和抗菌作用的主要成分。此外，本研究还研究了该植物提取物的杀螺活性，其对亚历山大生物phalaria的Caspase-3表达、类固醇性激素水平的影响，以及消化腺和雌雄同体腺的组织学改变。在感染了曼氏血吸虫的亚历山大氏b蜗牛中评估了一氧化氮水平和彗星测定结果，并将它们与第一个子宫颈脱落阶段的对照组进行了比较。对接分数的分析提供了结合亲和力的定量度量，其中负值越多表明相互作用越强。对接分数的变化突出了这些化合物的不同结合潜力，并强调了在Caspase-3调节的背景下考虑特定分子相互作用的重要性。结果通过气相色谱-质谱联用分析，鉴定出33个主要成分。灭螺试验显示出浓度依赖性灵敏度，LC90值为43.79 ppm。LC10 ppm和LC25 ppm处理后，Caspase-3表达上调，影响甾体性激素水平。组织学分析显示消化腺和雌雄同体腺明显受损，表明治疗后生殖障碍。在第一个子宫颈脱落阶段，与对照组相比，一氧化氮水平在LC10 ppm和LC25 ppm时升高（P < 0.001）。随着处理浓度的增加，DNA损伤百分比也有所增加，在曼氏梭菌感染的亚历山大白僵螺中表现出不同的反应。在硅研究中发现，Glycan Sialylated Tetraose Type-2是活性最高的化合物，对Caspase-3具有最高的亲和力和最显著的作用。结论荆芥提取物对绿僵螺的杀螺作用呈浓度依赖性，影响了绿僵螺的Caspase-3表达和性激素水平等关键生物学过程。组织学分析显示腺体损伤，而增加的一氧化氮水平和DNA损伤突出了提取物对感染蜗牛的影响。此外，研究结果强调了理解配体-蛋白质相互作用的重要性，为通过Caspase-3调节靶向凋亡来控制mansoni的中间宿主提供了有价值的见解。
{"title":"Docking investigation of Thevetia peruviana plant compounds for targeting molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria alexandrina snails, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni","authors":"Samah I. Ghoname,&nbsp;Basma H. Amin,&nbsp;Asmaa T. Mohamed,&nbsp;Olfat A. Hammam,&nbsp;Hebat-Allah A. Dokmak","doi":"10.1186/s43088-025-00624-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s43088-025-00624-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Thevetia peruviana&lt;/i&gt;, commonly known as Yellow Oleander or Cabbage Tree, is a tropical shrub. Extracts from various parts of the plant (e.g., leaves, seeds) have demonstrated pesticidal properties, including the ability to repel or kill intermediate hosts of &lt;i&gt;Schistosomiasis.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study employed gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis to identify 33 components in the ethanol extract, with key compounds exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, the research investigated the molluscicidal activity of the plant extract, its impact on Caspase-3 expression, steroid sex hormone levels in &lt;i&gt;Biomphalaria alexandrina&lt;/i&gt;, and histological alterations in the digestive and hermaphrodite glands. Levels of nitric oxide and comet assay results were evaluated in &lt;i&gt;Schistosoma mansoni&lt;/i&gt;-Infected &lt;i&gt;B. alexandrina&lt;/i&gt; snails, comparing them to a control group at the first cercarial shedding stage. The analysis of docking scores provides a quantitative measure of binding affinity, where more negative values indicate stronger interactions. The variation in docking scores highlights the diverse binding potentials of these compounds and emphasizes the importance of considering specific molecular interactions in the context of Caspase-3 modulation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The study identified 33 components in the ethanol extract of &lt;i&gt;T. peruviana&lt;/i&gt;, analyzed by GC–MS. Molluscicidal tests demonstrated concentration-dependent sensitivity, with an LC&lt;sub&gt;90&lt;/sub&gt; value of 43.79 ppm. Caspase-3 expression was upregulated in &lt;i&gt;B. alexandrina&lt;/i&gt; snails following treatment with LC&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; ppm and LC&lt;sub&gt;25&lt;/sub&gt; ppm, affecting steroid sex hormone levels. Histological analysis revealed significant damage to the digestive and hermaphrodite glands, indicating reproductive disturbances post-treatment. At the first cercarial shedding stage, nitric oxide levels increased at LC&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; ppm and LC&lt;sub&gt;25&lt;/sub&gt; ppm compared to the control group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). DNA damage percentage also increased with higher treatment concentrations, showing varied responses in &lt;i&gt;S. mansoni&lt;/i&gt;-infected &lt;i&gt;B. alexandrina&lt;/i&gt; snails. The in silico study identified Glycan Sialylated Tetraose Type-2 as the most active compound, exhibiting the highest affinity and the most significant effect against Caspase-3.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Thevetia peruviana&lt;/i&gt; extract exhibited concentration-dependent molluscicidal effects on &lt;i&gt;B. alexandrina&lt;/i&gt; snails, impacting key biological processes, such as Caspase-3 expression and sex hormone levels. Histological analysis revealed glandular damage, while increased nitric oxide levels and DNA damage highlighted the extract’s effects on infected snails. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the importance of understanding ligand–protein interactions, providing valuable insights into targeting apoptosis through Ca","PeriodicalId":481,"journal":{"name":"Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://bjbas.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s43088-025-00624-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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