Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106776
Filippo Belloc , Edilio Valentini
How could firms best reduce their environmental impact? Should they change technology? Or could they do better with what they already have? This paper shows that one size does not fit all. We analyse a sample of polluting production plants (i.e. installations) regulated under the EU Emission Trading System. We employ a mixture model estimation to dissect environmental efficiency into a technology adoption component ( type of technology is used) and a technology usage component ( a technology is used). Our installation-level analysis shows that the share of installations adopting frontier technologies is about 21%. We also find that the average environmental efficiency gains that installations could reach by improving technology adoption and technology usage are 75% and 80% respectively. The analysis of balance-sheet data on parent companies reveals that better environmental technologies are adopted by larger, listed, multi-installation and international companies, while older firms and firms with higher intangible assets intensity more commonly show improved technology usage.
{"title":"Dissecting environmental efficiency: The role of technology adoption and usage","authors":"Filippo Belloc , Edilio Valentini","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How could firms best reduce their environmental impact? Should they change technology? Or could they do better with what they already have? This paper shows that one size does not fit all. We analyse a sample of polluting production plants (i.e. installations) regulated under the EU Emission Trading System. We employ a mixture model estimation to dissect environmental efficiency into a technology adoption component (<span><math><mrow><mi>w</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow></math></span> type of technology is used) and a technology usage component (<span><math><mrow><mi>h</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>w</mi></mrow></math></span> a technology is used). Our installation-level analysis shows that the share of installations adopting frontier technologies is about 21%. We also find that the average environmental efficiency gains that installations could reach by improving technology adoption and technology usage are 75% and 80% respectively. The analysis of balance-sheet data on parent companies reveals that better environmental technologies are adopted by larger, listed, multi-installation and international companies, while older firms and firms with higher intangible assets intensity more commonly show improved technology usage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106776"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106700
Karim Jamal , Michael Maier , Shyam Sunder
Information aggregation is a key economic function of markets. We report results of a computational experiment with markets populated by simple algorithmic traders who follow two heuristics usually thought of as leading to biased information processing in behavioral economics literature (anchor-and-adjust, and representativeness). Outcomes of these markets either tend to cluster around (or fail to do so) rational expectations equilibria under specific conditions, consistent with markets populated by profit-motivated human traders. Algorithmic trader convergence is slower and noisier than that of human traders. Our results illustrate the emergence of rational expectations equilibria through complex interactions among actions of biased heuristic traders with limited information processing capabilities.
{"title":"Emergence of information aggregation to rational expectations equilibria in markets populated by biased heuristic traders","authors":"Karim Jamal , Michael Maier , Shyam Sunder","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Information aggregation is a key economic function of markets. We report results of a computational experiment with markets populated by simple algorithmic traders who follow two heuristics usually thought of as leading to biased information processing in behavioral economics literature (anchor-and-adjust, and representativeness). Outcomes of these markets either tend to cluster around (or fail to do so) rational expectations equilibria under specific conditions, consistent with markets populated by profit-motivated human traders. Algorithmic trader convergence is slower and noisier than that of human traders. Our results illustrate the emergence of rational expectations equilibria through complex interactions among actions of biased heuristic traders with limited information processing capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106772
Stephanie W. Wang , Colin F. Camerer
In these experiments, participants made binary choices in “dictator” games choosing distributions for themselves and others. All payoffs are initially hidden and can be clicked open using a mouse. To study the effect of social image on attention and choices, we used a novel screensharing technique: One of the participants receiving the chooser's allocation can observe the chooser's clicks, so they can see if the chooser is looking up what the impact will be on their own allocation (but they cannot observe the chooser's choices). This change in observability increases the possible impact of social image concerns on expressed social preferences. It increases the time choosers spend looking at the potential payoffs to the observer and makes their choices less selfish. This finding goes against the hypothesis of “willful ignorance” and suggests other behavioral influences.
{"title":"Allocators are more prosocial when affected agents can visually eavesdrop","authors":"Stephanie W. Wang , Colin F. Camerer","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In these experiments, participants made binary choices in “dictator” games choosing distributions for themselves and others. All payoffs are initially hidden and can be clicked open using a mouse. To study the effect of social image on attention and choices, we used a novel screensharing technique: One of the participants receiving the chooser's allocation can observe the chooser's clicks, so they can see if the chooser is looking up what the impact will be on their own allocation (but they cannot observe the chooser's choices). This change in observability increases the possible impact of social image concerns on expressed social preferences. It increases the time choosers spend looking at the potential payoffs to the observer and makes their choices less selfish. This finding goes against the hypothesis of “willful ignorance” and suggests other behavioral influences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106772"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106787
Yushan Hu , Ben G. Li , Penglong Zhang
Countries gain and lose territories over time, generating territory flows that represent the transfer of territorial sovereignty. Countries also export and import goods, creating trade flows that represent the transfer of merchandise ownership. We find a substitution between these two international flows during the years 1870 and 2008; that is, country pairs with greater trade flows have smaller territory flows. This indicates how international trade enhances international security: reciprocal goods transactions discourage irreciprocal territorial exchanges.
{"title":"Territory flows and trade flows between 1870 and 2008","authors":"Yushan Hu , Ben G. Li , Penglong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106787","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106787","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Countries gain and lose territories over time, generating <em>territory flows</em> that represent the transfer of territorial sovereignty. Countries also export and import goods, creating <em>trade flows</em> that represent the transfer of merchandise ownership. We find a substitution between these two international flows during the years 1870 and 2008; that is, country pairs with greater trade flows have smaller territory flows. This indicates how international trade enhances international security: reciprocal goods transactions discourage irreciprocal territorial exchanges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106787"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106783
Chen Cohen , Roy Darioshi , Shmuel Nitzan
There are contrasting empirical findings about how third parties mitigate conflict and few theoretical results about war efforts and restraint. Applying a new approach that distinguishes between quantity and effectiveness of effort, we explain countries’ restraint incentives. In our setting, restraint is manifested in reducing the effectiveness of military efforts when third parties impose costs (sanctions) on unrestrained behavior. We show that intermediate sanctions may lead to a mixed-strategy equilibrium or pure strategy equilibria in which only one country reduces its effectiveness. We present the conditions that yield pure-strategy (in which, surprisingly, restraint is a corner solution) and mixed-strategy (MS) equilibria in our multi-stage model. Interestingly, a country's effort decreases with its or its rival's self-restraint, allowing a third party to reduce efforts by sanctioning only one country. Our analysis enriches the classical results, particularly those obtained in the context of war conflicts, which focus on the extent of effort expended and on means of mitigating the conflict. The theoretical study lays the groundwork for future research into war contests and suggests various avenues for further exploration.
{"title":"Think twice before attacking: Effort, restraint, and sanctions in war conflicts","authors":"Chen Cohen , Roy Darioshi , Shmuel Nitzan","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There are contrasting empirical findings about how third parties mitigate conflict and few theoretical results about war efforts and restraint. Applying a new approach that distinguishes between quantity and effectiveness of effort, we explain countries’ restraint incentives. In our setting, restraint is manifested in reducing the effectiveness of military efforts when third parties impose costs (sanctions) on unrestrained behavior. We show that intermediate sanctions may lead to a mixed-strategy equilibrium or pure strategy equilibria in which only one country reduces its effectiveness. We present the conditions that yield pure-strategy (in which, surprisingly, restraint is a corner solution) and mixed-strategy (MS) equilibria in our multi-stage model. Interestingly, a country's effort decreases with its or its rival's self-restraint, allowing a third party to reduce efforts by sanctioning only one country. Our analysis enriches the classical results, particularly those obtained in the context of war conflicts, which focus on the extent of effort expended and on means of mitigating the conflict. The theoretical study lays the groundwork for future research into war contests and suggests various avenues for further exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106783"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106770
AJ A. Bostian , Christoph Heinzel
The preferences responsible for precautionary saving under recursive utility can be decomposed into two channels. One exactly mirrors expected utility, while the other is unique to recursive utility. Although these channels contain numerous competing saving effects, theoretical and numerical comparative statics point to some generalizable features. Risk preferences drive most of precautionary saving, and they are the only higher-order preferences ever expressed. But, plain 2nd-order intertemporal preferences (consumption smoothing) influence total saving far more than any other kind of preference. Precautionary responses to risks beyond 2nd order are minimal. Responses to return risk are typically negative.
{"title":"Precautionary saving under recursive preferences","authors":"AJ A. Bostian , Christoph Heinzel","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The preferences responsible for precautionary saving under recursive utility can be decomposed into two channels. One exactly mirrors expected utility, while the other is unique to recursive utility. Although these channels contain numerous competing saving effects, theoretical and numerical comparative statics point to some generalizable features. Risk preferences drive most of precautionary saving, and they are the only higher-order preferences ever expressed. But, plain 2nd-order intertemporal preferences (consumption smoothing) influence total saving far more than any other kind of preference. Precautionary responses to risks beyond 2nd order are minimal. Responses to return risk are typically negative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106770"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines how climate change-induced disasters affect renewable energy innovation in United States-based firms. To this end, we utilized the behavioral theory of the firm and the threat rigidity model to investigate strategic decision-making in the context of environmental crises. We employed a difference-in-differences approach combined with meta-analysis. Further, we analyzed data from 2013 to 2018 and found a significant increase in renewable energy innovation following climatological disasters, marked by an effect size of 0.74. However, firms exceeding their aspiration levels exhibit a smaller impact, reducing the effect on renewable energy innovation by 0.273 units. Additionally, firms with a frequent history of climatological disasters showed a decrease in renewable energy innovation, with an effect size of -0.349. Our research contributes to green innovation literature, particularly to renewable energy innovation discourse under climate challenges. It extends the behavioral theory of the firm to contexts of climatic uncertainty and applies the threat rigidity model to determine organizational adaptation. The study introduces a novel moderator: the firm's history of natural disasters, linking firm age with disaster frequency and severity. These insights are vital for enhancing strategic decision-making in the business and policy-making contexts, amidst the growing climate change challenges.
{"title":"Sustainability in the wake of crisis: Transforming climate change-induced disasters into drivers of renewable energy innovation in business","authors":"Hiva Rastegar , Aymen Sajjad , Gabriel Eweje , Kazunori Kobayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines how climate change-induced disasters affect renewable energy innovation in United States-based firms. To this end, we utilized the behavioral theory of the firm and the threat rigidity model to investigate strategic decision-making in the context of environmental crises. We employed a difference-in-differences approach combined with meta-analysis. Further, we analyzed data from 2013 to 2018 and found a significant increase in renewable energy innovation following climatological disasters, marked by an effect size of 0.74. However, firms exceeding their aspiration levels exhibit a smaller impact, reducing the effect on renewable energy innovation by 0.273 units. Additionally, firms with a frequent history of climatological disasters showed a decrease in renewable energy innovation, with an effect size of -0.349. Our research contributes to green innovation literature, particularly to renewable energy innovation discourse under climate challenges. It extends the behavioral theory of the firm to contexts of climatic uncertainty and applies the threat rigidity model to determine organizational adaptation. The study introduces a novel moderator: the firm's history of natural disasters, linking firm age with disaster frequency and severity. These insights are vital for enhancing strategic decision-making in the business and policy-making contexts, amidst the growing climate change challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106777"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106744
Marcos Cardozo , Yaroslav Rosokha , Cathy Zhang
We integrate theory and experimental evidence to study the emergence of different international monetary arrangements based on the circulation of two intrinsically worthless fiat currencies as media of exchange. Our framework is based on a two-country, two-currency search model where the value of each currency is jointly determined by private agents’ decisions and monetary policy formalized as changes in a country’s money growth rate. Results from the experiments indicate subjects coordinate on a regime where both currencies are accepted even when other regimes are theoretically possible. At the same time, we find the acceptance of foreign currency depends on relative inflation rates where sellers tend to reject payment with a more inflationary foreign currency. We also document the presence of learning in shaping acceptance patterns over time.
{"title":"On the emergence of international currencies: An experimental approach","authors":"Marcos Cardozo , Yaroslav Rosokha , Cathy Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We integrate theory and experimental evidence to study the emergence of different international monetary arrangements based on the circulation of two intrinsically worthless fiat currencies as media of exchange. Our framework is based on a two-country, two-currency search model where the value of each currency is jointly determined by private agents’ decisions and monetary policy formalized as changes in a country’s money growth rate. Results from the experiments indicate subjects coordinate on a regime where both currencies are accepted even when other regimes are theoretically possible. At the same time, we find the acceptance of foreign currency depends on relative inflation rates where sellers tend to reject payment with a more inflationary foreign currency. We also document the presence of learning in shaping acceptance patterns over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106744"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106752
Facundo Albornoz , Nicolas Bottan , Guillermo Cruces , Bridget Hoffmann , María Lombardi
Public adherence with health recommendations is vital for effective crisis response. During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments faced considerable challenges in persuading the public to adopt new recommendations. Using large-scale survey experiments across 12 Latin American countries, we investigate how respondents’ agreement with health recommendations is affected by their attribution to experts from different sectors. Our results uncover a robust backlash against experts for pandemic-specific recommendations, but not for more general health advice. The backlash does not depend on the type of expert (academic, public or private sector). Our experimental setup allows us to concurrently assess the significance of different factors behind these results. Anti-intellectualism plays a role, since individuals with low initial trust in experts exhibit more negative reactions to expert attribution, although the backlash is also present for those with higher levels of trust, indicating that other factors likely play a role. We fail to find evidence that individual perceptions or personality traits such as social pressure, altruism or reactance contribute to the backlash. Beyond individual characteristics, we find that the backlash is stronger in countries that exhibited a more stringent government response to the pandemic.
{"title":"Backlash against expert recommendations: Reactions to COVID-19 advice in Latin America","authors":"Facundo Albornoz , Nicolas Bottan , Guillermo Cruces , Bridget Hoffmann , María Lombardi","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public adherence with health recommendations is vital for effective crisis response. During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments faced considerable challenges in persuading the public to adopt new recommendations. Using large-scale survey experiments across 12 Latin American countries, we investigate how respondents’ agreement with health recommendations is affected by their attribution to experts from different sectors. Our results uncover a robust backlash against experts for pandemic-specific recommendations, but not for more general health advice. The backlash does not depend on the type of expert (academic, public or private sector). Our experimental setup allows us to concurrently assess the significance of different factors behind these results. Anti-intellectualism plays a role, since individuals with low initial trust in experts exhibit more negative reactions to expert attribution, although the backlash is also present for those with higher levels of trust, indicating that other factors likely play a role. We fail to find evidence that individual perceptions or personality traits such as social pressure, altruism or reactance contribute to the backlash. Beyond individual characteristics, we find that the backlash is stronger in countries that exhibited a more stringent government response to the pandemic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106766
Teresa Freitas-Monteiro , Christopher Prömel
One of the primary objectives of protests and demonstrations is to bring social, political, or economic issues to the attention of politicians and the wider population. While protests can have a mobilising and persuading effect, they may reduce support for their cause if they are perceived as a threat to public order. In this study, we look at how local or spontaneously organised right-wing xenophobic demonstrations affect concerns about hostility towards foreigners and worries about immigration among natives in Germany. We use a regression discontinuity design to compare the attitudes of individuals interviewed in the days immediately before a large far-right demonstration and individuals interviewed in the days immediately after that demonstration. Our results show that large far-right demonstrations lead to a substantial increase in worries about hostility towards foreigners of 13.7% of a standard deviation. In contrast, worries about immigration are not affected by the demonstrations, indicating that the protesters are not successful in swaying public opinion in their favour. In the heterogeneity analyses, we uncover some polarisation in the population: While worries about hostility against foreigners increase and worries about immigration decrease in left-leaning regions, both types of worries increase in districts where centre-right parties are more successful. Lastly, we also show that people become more politically interested in response to protests, mainly benefiting left-wing parties, and are more likely to wish to donate money to help refugees.
{"title":"Local far-right demonstrations and nationwide public attitudes towards migration","authors":"Teresa Freitas-Monteiro , Christopher Prömel","doi":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the primary objectives of protests and demonstrations is to bring social, political, or economic issues to the attention of politicians and the wider population. While protests can have a mobilising and persuading effect, they may reduce support for their cause if they are perceived as a threat to public order. In this study, we look at how local or spontaneously organised right-wing xenophobic demonstrations affect concerns about hostility towards foreigners and worries about immigration among natives in Germany. We use a regression discontinuity design to compare the attitudes of individuals interviewed in the days immediately before a large far-right demonstration and individuals interviewed in the days immediately after that demonstration. Our results show that large far-right demonstrations lead to a substantial increase in worries about hostility towards foreigners of 13.7% of a standard deviation. In contrast, worries about immigration are not affected by the demonstrations, indicating that the protesters are not successful in swaying public opinion in their favour. In the heterogeneity analyses, we uncover some polarisation in the population: While worries about hostility against foreigners increase and worries about immigration decrease in left-leaning regions, both types of worries increase in districts where centre-right parties are more successful. Lastly, we also show that people become more politically interested in response to protests, mainly benefiting left-wing parties, and are more likely to wish to donate money to help refugees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48409,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106766"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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