Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization最新文献

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Norm enforcement on minorities: Evidence from traffic violations

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.106930

Xiaoyang Deng , Tao Wang , Lian Xue , Shuo Yang

Compliance with social rules is crucial for fostering cooperation in societies. Motivated by observational evidence from large-scale traffic violation data in a major city in China, we investigate the impact of social identity on rule-following behavior. We empirically showed that traffic violations are significantly less severe when individuals drive in foreign cities rather than the local city where the car is registered, a phenomenon we describe as the “compliance minority effect”. We next conducted a laboratory experiment with a street-crossing task, to further investigate the key drivers behind the compliance minority phenomenon. We found that participants exhibit more rule compliance when identifying as an outgroup minority than a local majority only when both observability and social sanctions are at play. Participants form the prior belief that being part of a minority in the community is associated with a higher chance of being monitored and punished than when they are part of the local majority, which is consistent with the posterior observations. Our results suggest that majorities can enforce augmented social norms on minority groups through an interplay of observability and punishment, which could lead to unintended consequences of local privilege that hamper the equality and efficiency of society.

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引用次数: 0

Does bank expansion reduce domestic violence? Causal evidence from India

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.106933

Rikhia Bhukta , Chandan Kumar Jha , Swarup Joshi , Ashish K. Sedai

Multiple studies have shown that dowry payments are among the main causes of domestic violence in developing countries. This paper studies the effects of banking expansion on dowry payments and domestic violence in India. Using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, we present robust evidence that financial inclusion brought about by banking expansion reduces dowry-related deaths and cruelty by husbands. We propose two primary mechanisms underlying this relationship. First, banking expansion enhances the ability of the bride's family to make higher cash payments and more wedding gifts to the groom's family at the time of marriage, often known as dowry. Second, banking expansion empowered women as reflected by better education outcomes for girls. Additionally, by enhancing the household's ability to make dowry payments and improving girls’ education outcomes, banking expansion led to better spouse quality as measured by their education and earnings, reducing the likelihood of domestic violence.

引用次数: 0

Is there moral hazard in medical savings accounts? Evidence from Singapore

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.106938

Jessica Ya Sun

Medical savings accounts (MSAs) are designed to provide tax incentives for individuals to save for future healthcare needs, with the goal of reducing overall health expenditures. This paper first examines how individuals adjust their healthcare spending when receiving additional transfers to their MSAs. Using a comprehensive monthly longitudinal survey and a staggered difference-in-differences design, I find that individuals increase their monthly medical expenditure by 13 %, with the marginal propensity to consume from MSAs estimated at 0.6. Second, I analyze the impact of a 25 % price reduction for services at General Practitioner (GP) Clinics and Specialist Outpatient Clinics (SOCs) on healthcare utilization. The results show that MSA holders increase their medication spending by 10.7 % at the extensive margin in response to the price reduction. These findings suggest that both MSA top-ups and price reductions lead to increased healthcare utilization, indicating that MSA holders may respond to these financial incentives by consuming more healthcare in the present, prioritizing immediate healthcare needs over future savings. While this behavior may reflect moral hazard within MSAs, it may also point to unmet healthcare needs that are being addressed through increased liquidity.

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引用次数: 0

Shooting down trade: Firm-level effects of embargoes

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106821

Uğur Aytun , Julian Hinz , Cem Özgüzel

In November 2015, Turkey’s unexpected downing of a Russian military jet in Syria prompted Russia to impose a swift and comprehensive embargo on specific Turkish exports. This study leverages this quasi-natural experiment to estimate both the immediate and longer-term effects of the imposition and subsequent lifting of these sanctions. Utilizing administrative data encompassing all Turkish exporters, we first examine the impact on trade at the firm level, assessing the direct effects of the embargo, the redirection of trade to alternative markets, and the circumvention through other products. Second, we investigate broader repercussions on domestic operations, including firms’ sales, procurement, and employment. Our findings show that while the embargo caused immediate and substantial declines in exports of affected products to Russia, firms partially mitigated these losses through trade diversion. Although relative trade patterns normalized post-sanctions, absolute trade values remained subdued. The analysis reveals that affected firms experienced declines in domestic sales and supplier relationships, with temporary disruptions in employment. However, most negative effects dissipated following the embargo’s removal, except for some persistent reductions in procurement and supplier links, likely linked to persistent lower trade volumes after the lifting of the embargo.

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引用次数: 0

Peer effects in the hierarchy: Evidence from the workplace

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.106932

Miao Jin , Yu-Jane Liu , Juanjuan Meng , Yu Zhang

This paper studies consumption peer effect and its relation to promotion from a unique hierarchical perspective, using credit card data of employees in the workplace. We show that one's consumption is significantly influenced by coworkers at the same or higher levels, with a stronger peer effect observed among those who are more likely to be promoted. We also find that the peer effect rises before and falls after a promotion event for the promoted workers. These results highlight the interplay between peer effects and hierarchy within the firm.

引用次数: 0

Do female experts face an authority gap? Evidence from economics

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.106912

Hans H. Sievertsen , Sarah Smith

This paper reports results from a survey experiment comparing the effect of (the same) opinions expressed by visibly senior, female versus male experts. Members of the public were asked for their opinion on topical issues and shown the opinion of either a named male or a named female economist, all professors at leading US universities. There are three findings. First, experts can persuade members of the public – the opinions of individual expert economists affect the opinions expressed by the public. Second, the opinions expressed by visibly senior female economists are more persuasive than the same opinions expressed by male economists. Third, removing credentials (university and professor title) eliminates the gender difference in persuasiveness, suggesting that credentials act as a differential information signal about the credibility of female experts.

引用次数: 0

Attenuation and reinforcement mechanisms over the life course

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.106911

Matteo Richiardi, Patryk Bronka, Justin van de Ven

We analyse the complex dynamic feedback effects between different life domains over the life course, providing a quantification of the direct (not mediated) and indirect (mediated) effects. To extend the analysis in scope and time beyond the limitations of existing data, we use a rich dynamic microsimulation model of individual life course trajectories parameterised and validated to the UK context. We interpret findings in terms of the implied attenuation or reinforcement mechanisms at play, and discuss implications for health and economic inequalities.

引用次数: 0

Price expectations and reference-dependent preferences

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.106927

Robert M. Rutledge , Vinayak Alladi , Stephen L. Cheung

We test Kőszegi and Rabin's (2006, 2007) theory of reference-dependent preferences in the context of sellers’ price expectations. In a well-powered laboratory experiment, participants are endowed with a good and report their willingness to accept to sell it. We manipulate the price in an exogenous forced sale scenario, which is predicted to produce a “comparison effect”, moving WTA in the opposite direction to the forced sale price. We find a small (Cohen's

d = 0.18

) and marginally significant effect in the hypothesised direction for incentivised reservation prices. More unexpectedly, we find a larger (

d = 0.32

) and highly significant effect in the same direction on unincentivised estimates of the value of the good. Our results cannot be explained by anchoring or signalling effects of the forced sale price, but also highlight some challenges in identifying the effects of expectations manipulations using valuation designs.

引用次数: 0

The environmental-financial nexus: Centralized environmental monitoring, eco-consciousness, and green revenues

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.106929

June Cao , Zijie Huang , Millie Liew

Amid tightening environmental governance, we examine whether and how firms’ eco-consciousness leads to a harmonious balance between environmental and economic performance in the form of green revenues. We utilize China's centralization of environmental monitoring in 2015 as the basis for a difference-in-differences methodology, using highly and less eco-conscious firms as the treatment and control groups. We find that relative to less eco-conscious firms, highly eco-conscious firms derive greater green revenues post-centralization. This finding is robust to underlying firm characteristics and unobservable industry- and time-specific heterogeneity. Regional internet infrastructure development and corporate greenwashing mitigation facilitate the effect on highly eco-conscious firms’ green revenues, suggesting that effective centralized monitoring relies on an integrated information transmission network and an improvement in firms’ genuine environmental accountability. Overall, eco-consciousness facilitates a win-win scenario between environmental and economic performance under an increasingly strict environmental regulatory landscape.

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引用次数: 0

The politician, the party, and the president: How do political scandals propagate across the party network?

IF 2.3 3区经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS

Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.106897

Arieda Muço

This study documents that news about a local politician's misbehavior has strong repercussions on their party: cross-border and cross-electoral spillovers emerge. For identification, I use random audits conducted in Brazilian municipalities. I also use detailed geospatial information on radio antenna coverage to construct the relevant neighborhoods where information spreads. Furthermore, by analyzing a decade of newspaper articles, I show that local corruption is covered by the national media and that high corruption cases receive more coverage. The sentiment of news coverage during national elections is more likely to be negative for parties with national candidates, highlighting the important role national media plays in amplifying local events and shaping public sentiment. This study helps us better understand the interplay between local and national political dynamics and provides insights into how local misbehavior can have national repercussions.

引用次数: 0

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