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‘I disdain the company of flatterers!’: How and when observed ingratiation predicts employees’ ostracism toward their ingratiating colleagues “我不喜欢跟拍马屁的人在一起!”:观察到的谄媚行为如何以及何时预示着员工会排斥那些谄媚的同事
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-05-09 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231170175
Bao Cheng, Gongxing Guo, Jian Tian, Yurou Kong
Ingratiation is an impression management tactic used by those who seek to obtain the favor of others. Previous studies mainly examine the role of ingratiation from the initiator’s perspective, ignoring observers’ reactions when they are confronted with their peers’ ingratiating behaviors. Drawing on social comparison theory, this study employs a third-party framework to explain the pathways between observed ingratiation and ostracism and analyzes data from a time-lagged survey and two scenario-based experiments in the Chinese context. Observed ingratiation triggers third-party employees’ ostracism of flatterers by arousing a sense of future status threats. Moreover, when observers’ goals are competitive with those of ingratiators, the adverse effects of observed ingratiation are exacerbated, whereas their leader–member exchange social comparison (LMXSC) buffers its unfavorable effects. These findings advance ingratiation studies by extending the research perspective from that of initiator–target dyads to third-party employees and unveiling a vital mediator (future status threats) and two essential opposite moderators (competitive goals and LMXSC) in the internal mechanism underlying the observed ingratiation–ostracism link. Further, although ingratiation may induce benefits for ingratiators, managers must recognize that it can be destructive for third-party employees.
讨好是一种印象管理策略,用于那些寻求获得他人好感的人。以往的研究主要是从发起者的角度来考察讨好的作用,而忽略了观察者在面对同伴的讨好行为时的反应。本研究以社会比较理论为基础,采用第三方框架解释了讨好与排斥之间的路径,并分析了中国背景下的时间滞后调查和两个基于场景的实验数据。观察到的谄媚行为会引起第三方员工对未来地位威胁的感觉,从而对谄媚者产生排斥。此外,当观察者的目标与讨好者的目标竞争时,被观察到的讨好行为的不利影响会加剧,而他们的领导-成员交换社会比较(LMXSC)则会缓冲其不利影响。这些发现将研究视角从发起-目标二元扩展到第三方员工,揭示了讨好-排斥内在机制中的一个重要中介(未来地位威胁)和两个重要的相反调节因子(竞争目标和LMXSC),从而推动了讨好研究的发展。此外,尽管阿谀奉承可能会给阿谀奉承者带来好处,但管理者必须认识到,这对第三方员工可能是破坏性的。
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引用次数: 2
Mitigating anxiety: The role of strategic leadership groups during radical organisational change 缓解焦虑:战略领导团队在激进组织变革中的作用
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231169143
M. Jarrett, R. Vince
This article examines the role of strategic leadership groups in radical organisational change. Previous research has focused on how ‘heroic’ individual leaders guide change. In contrast, we argue that strategic leadership groups are indispensable to understanding and supporting radical organisational change. Building on a longitudinal study in a global European company, our research identifies four phases of ‘negotiated order’ that shape group and organisational responses to change. Our findings reveal that strategic leadership groups help manage emotions and understand the shifting authority relations that inevitably arise during periods of change. Drawing upon the psychoanalytic concept of ‘projective identification’, we develop a theoretical framework for understanding the tensions of change. The model shows how emotional coalitions that develop in strategic leadership groups afford a source of political and psychological containment against the anxieties of radical organisational change. These formations offer transitional spaces for change, providing opportunities for progress. The advantage of this new perspective on radical change is that it helps to move the organisation beyond periods of ambivalence and conflict, with positive implications for leadership practice.
本文探讨了战略领导小组在激进组织变革中的作用。之前的研究关注的是“英雄”领袖如何引导变革。相反,我们认为战略领导团体对于理解和支持激进的组织变革是不可或缺的。基于对一家欧洲跨国公司的纵向研究,我们的研究确定了“协商秩序”的四个阶段,这些阶段塑造了群体和组织对变革的反应。我们的研究结果表明,战略领导小组有助于管理情绪,并理解在变革期间不可避免地出现的权力关系的变化。根据“投射性认同”的精神分析概念,我们开发了一个理论框架来理解变化的紧张关系。该模型表明,在战略领导群体中形成的情感联盟,是如何在政治和心理上遏制激进组织变革带来的焦虑的。这些形态为变革提供了过渡空间,为进步提供了机会。这种看待激进变革的新视角的优势在于,它有助于组织走出矛盾和冲突的时期,对领导实践具有积极意义。
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引用次数: 2
Too sleepy to be innovative? Ethical leadership and employee service innovation behavior: A dual-path model moderated by sleep quality 太困而不能创新?道德领导与员工服务创新行为:睡眠质量调节的双路径模型
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231163040
Muhammad Imran Rasheed, Zahid Hameed, Puneet Kaur, A. Dhir
This research explores the association of ethical leadership with employee service innovation behavior through a moderated mediation model. Theorizing on uncertainty reduction theory, we explore psychological ownership and creative self-efficacy as the underlying psychological mechanisms in the association between ethical leadership and employee service innovation behavior while considering the moderating role of sleep quality. We tested our theoretical model in two studies involving hospitality sector employees in the United States. Study 1 employed a three-wave (two-week period) time-lagged design (N = 237), and Study 2 used a two-wave (four-week period) survey design (N = 313). The findings suggest that workers’ psychological ownership and creative self-efficacy mediate the association between ethical leadership and employee service innovation behavior. In addition, sleep quality functions as an important boundary condition of the association between creative self-efficacy and service innovation behavior. Our research has important implications for understanding the impact of ethical leadership on important employee outcomes while considering the boundary condition role of employee sleep quality. The limitations of the study and future research directions are discussed.
本研究通过调节中介模型探讨了道德领导力与员工服务创新行为的关系。在不确定性减少理论的基础上,我们探讨了心理所有权和创造性自我效能感是道德领导与员工服务创新行为之间联系的潜在心理机制,同时考虑了睡眠质量的调节作用。我们在两项涉及美国酒店业员工的研究中测试了我们的理论模型。研究1采用了三波(两周)时间滞后设计(N = 237),研究2采用了两波(四周)调查设计(N = 313)。研究结果表明,员工的心理所有权和创造性自我效能感在道德领导与员工服务创新行为之间起中介作用。此外,睡眠质量是创造性自我效能感与服务创新行为之间联系的重要边界条件。我们的研究对理解道德领导力对重要员工结果的影响具有重要意义,同时考虑员工睡眠质量的边界条件作用。讨论了本研究的局限性和未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 4
Welcome to parenthood!? An examination of the far-reaching effects of perceived adoption stigma in the workplace 欢迎成为父母!对工作场所收养污名的深远影响的调查
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231164867
While there may be no difference in terms of the love, care, and bond shared between parent and child, relationships created through adoption are often viewed less favorably in our society compared with those that possess a biological tie. Integrating minority stress and family systems theories, we seek to better understand working adoptive parents’ experiences and how the perceived stigma of being an adoptive parent negatively impacts a variety of work and family outcomes. Using a sample of 501 couples that adopted a child, we find that work–family conflict mediates the relationship between perceived adoption stigma and primary effects (i.e. job satisfaction and depression) as well as spillover effects (i.e. family satisfaction and parent–child bonding) for the job incumbent. Further, we find that the employee’s perceived adoption stigma also has crossover effects to their spouse, negatively impacting the spouse’s depression, family satisfaction, and parent–child bonding. Implications for theory and practice, limitations, and future research are discussed.
虽然父母和孩子之间的爱、关心和纽带可能没有什么不同,但与那些有生物学联系的人相比,通过收养建立的关系在我们的社会中往往不那么受欢迎。结合少数群体压力和家庭系统理论,我们试图更好地了解在职养父母的经历,以及作为养父母的耻辱感如何对各种工作和家庭结果产生负面影响。使用501对收养孩子的夫妇的样本,我们发现工作-家庭冲突在感知的收养污名与在职者的主要影响(即工作满意度和抑郁)以及溢出效应(即家庭满意度和亲子关系)之间起着中介作用。此外,我们发现,员工感知的收养污名对其配偶也有交叉影响,对配偶的抑郁、家庭满意度和亲子关系产生负面影响。讨论了对理论和实践的启示、局限性以及未来的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Female board membership and stakeholder strategy: Consistency under complexity and uncertainty 女性董事会成员和利益相关者战略:复杂性和不确定性下的一致性
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231161195
Małgorzata Smulowitz, Stephen J Smulowitz
How does female board membership affect firm stakeholder strategy? With the large increase in pressure to add more women to boards, it is especially important to understand how they influence firm strategy. Moreover, despite the growing importance of firm stakeholder strategy, key stakeholders continue to criticize firms for failing to keep their commitments. Here, we expect that owing to their long-term nature, consistency is particularly important for stakeholder investments, and that owing to their greater interest in stakeholder issues and their effect on board monitoring, female board members can be a key driver of stakeholder strategy consistency. Specifically, we develop and test hypotheses that increasing architectural complexity and uncertainty make stakeholder investments more difficult or costly, leading to a reduction in such investments. However, female board membership increases firm stakeholder consistency and counteracts these negative effects. Using a sample of 1755 S&P 1500 firms for the period 2000–2013, we provide robust support for our hypotheses.
女性董事会成员如何影响公司利益相关者战略?随着要求增加女性董事会成员的压力大幅增加,了解她们如何影响公司战略尤为重要。此外,尽管企业利益相关者战略的重要性越来越大,但关键利益相关者仍继续批评企业未能履行其承诺。在这里,我们预计,由于其长期性,一致性对利益相关者的投资尤为重要,而且由于她们对利益相关方问题的更大兴趣及其对董事会监督的影响,女性董事会成员可以成为利益相关者战略一致性的关键驱动力。具体而言,我们开发并测试了一些假设,即架构复杂性和不确定性的增加会使利益相关者的投资更加困难或成本更高,从而导致此类投资的减少。然而,女性董事会成员增加了公司利益相关者的一致性,抵消了这些负面影响。使用2000-2003年期间1755家标准普尔1500指数成分股公司的样本,我们为我们的假设提供了有力的支持。
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引用次数: 1
The double-edged sword of negative supervisor gossip: When and why negative supervisor gossip promotes versus inhibits feedback seeking behavior among gossip targets 消极上司八卦的双刃剑:何时以及为何消极上司八卦会促进和抑制八卦对象的反馈寻求行为
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231165885
Qianlin Zhu, E. Martinescu, B. Beersma, Feng juan Wei
How does being the target of negative supervisor gossip influence the functioning of targeted employees? We draw on feedback intervention theory to examine the beneficial and detrimental effects of negative supervisor gossip on targets’ feedback seeking behavior (FSB). Results from an online scenario study ( N = 731) and a multi-wave field study ( N = 249) showed that being the target of negative supervisor gossip led to high task reflexivity, which promoted FSB, but also led to high negative affect, which inhibited FSB. Furthermore, targets’ implicit theory of ability moderated the indirect relationships between negative supervisor gossip and FSB. Specifically, negative supervisor gossip stimulated task reflexivity and FSB especially when targets had a strong incremental theory. In contrast, negative supervisor gossip increased negative affect and stifled FSB especially when targets had a strong entity theory. Our findings indicate that negative supervisor gossip is a double-edged sword for targets’ engagement in FSB, thus providing a balanced view of its effects. We provide guidance for supervisors to better deliver and for employees to better receive different forms of feedback.
成为上司负面八卦的目标如何影响目标员工的工作?本文运用反馈干预理论研究了消极上司八卦对目标反馈寻求行为的有益和有害影响。一项在线情景研究(N = 731)和一项多波场研究(N = 249)的结果表明,成为消极上司八卦的目标会导致高任务反身性,从而促进FSB,但也会导致高负面情绪,从而抑制FSB。此外,被试的内隐能力理论调节了消极上司八卦与FSB之间的间接关系。具体而言,当目标具有较强的增量理论时,消极的主管八卦刺激任务反射和FSB。相反,负面上司八卦增加了负面情绪,抑制了FSB,尤其是当目标具有较强的实体理论时。我们的研究结果表明,消极的上司八卦对于目标在FSB中的参与是一把双刃剑,因此提供了一个平衡的观点来看待其影响。我们为主管提供指导,以便更好地交付,为员工提供指导,以便更好地接收不同形式的反馈。
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引用次数: 0
A woman’s got to be what a woman’s got to be? How managerial assessment centers perpetuate gender inequality 女人必须是女人必须是的样子?管理评估中心如何延续性别不平等
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231161426
R. Kark, Ruth Blatt, Varda Wiesel
Why do women receive equal or better performance ratings than men in managerial assessment centers even when they are structured in ways that systematically disadvantage them? This study provides the first attempt to understand this managerial assessment center gender paradox using in-depth interviews with managerial assessment center evaluators for a large semi-military governmental organization. The study revealed that the managerial assessment center was a gendered environment in which organizational practices, language used, and the underlying logic establish and reinforce men as assertive or protectors and women as weak and in need of protection. In accordance with the managerial assessment center gender paradox, women were successful at the managerial assessment center despite systemic bias against them. Interpretive analysis revealed that women candidates generate discomfort that evaluators alleviate by increased attention to the extent to which they conform to gender ideology. We coin the term ‘benevolence effect’ to describe evaluators’ tendency to over-valuate and advance women candidates who conform to traditional stereotypes of white femininity. The benevolence effect paradoxically contributes to the preservation and perpetuation of the sexual binary and the idealization of the abstract manager as male-bodied in the organization, even as it contributes to the promotion of women.
为什么在管理评估中心,即使在系统上对女性不利的情况下,女性也能获得与男性相同或更好的绩效评级?本研究首次尝试透过深度访谈某大型半军事政府组织的管理评核中心评核员,来了解管理评核中心性别悖论。研究表明,管理评价中心是一个性别化的环境,在这个环境中,组织实践、使用的语言和潜在的逻辑确立并强化了男性是自信的或保护者,而女性是弱者和需要保护的。根据经营评价中心的性别悖论,女性在经营评价中心虽然受到了制度性的歧视,但却取得了成功。解释性分析表明,女性候选人会产生不适,评估人员会通过增加对她们符合性别意识形态的程度的关注来缓解这种不适。我们创造了“仁慈效应”这个词来描述评估者过度评价和提拔符合白人女性传统刻板印象的女性候选人的倾向。矛盾的是,仁慈效应有助于性别二元的保存和延续,以及将组织中抽象的经理理想化为男性,即使它有助于提升女性。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding the negotiation and performance effects of idiosyncratic deals: Test of a moderated mediation model 理解特殊交易的谈判和绩效影响:适度中介模型的测试
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231161196
S. Aryee, Li‐Yun Sun, Hsin-Hua Hsiung
Despite the prevalence of idiosyncratic deals (i-deals) as an adaptive strategy for the effective management of an increasingly diverse workforce, the drivers of these customized work arrangements and why they enhance mutuality in the employment relationship are not well understood. Drawing on an integration of social cognitive theory and resource-based perspective, we address these interrelated questions by proposing and examining a moderated mediation model of antecedents and outcomes of task and career i-deals. Multi-source and multi-wave data obtained from supervisors and employees in service and manufacturing organizations were used to test our hypothesized relationships. Results of multilevel path analysis reveal that both employee approach motive and supervisor political skill relate to i-deals. Furthermore, high-commitment HR system moderates the relationship between supervisor political skill (but not employee approach motive) and i-deals such that this relationship is stronger when high-commitment HR system is high but not low. Additionally, i-deals relate to service creativity but indirectly through personal skill development suggesting a potential human capital (relative to the predominantly motivational) explanation of the performance implications of i-deals. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding and enhancing the effectiveness of negotiating and implementing i-deals.
尽管特殊协议(i-deal)作为一种有效管理日益多样化的劳动力的适应性策略很普遍,但这些定制工作安排的驱动因素以及它们为什么能增强雇佣关系中的相互性,却没有得到很好的理解。通过整合社会认知理论和资源基础视角,我们提出并检验了任务和职业i-deal的前因和结果的中介模型,从而解决了这些相互关联的问题。从服务和制造组织的主管和员工那里获得的多源和多波数据被用来检验我们假设的关系。多层次路径分析结果表明,员工接近动机和主管政治技巧都与i-deal有关。此外,高承诺人力资源系统调节了主管政治技巧(而不是员工接近动机)与i-deals之间的关系,当高承诺人力资源系统高而不低时,这种关系更强。此外,i-deal与服务创造力有关,但间接通过个人技能发展,这表明潜在的人力资本(相对于主要的动机)解释了i-deal对绩效的影响。我们讨论了这些发现对理解和提高谈判和实施贸易协定的有效性的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the making of organizational social responsibility as a polyphony of voices: A ventriloquial analysis of practitioners’ interactions 调查组织社会责任作为声音复调的制作:从业者互动的腹语分析
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-03-22 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231158497
Alessandro Poroli, François Cooren
Though studies increasingly suggest nurturing a polyphonic and conflict-centered understanding of organizational social responsibility—referred to as CSR here—little is known about which voices make a difference (how and with what effect) when practitioners discuss CSR matters. Similarly, more work is needed on what and how tensions emerge in CSR planning, and how conflicts are addressed. By analyzing conversations with a ventriloquial framework, this research shows that CSR unfolds as different elements of a situation voice themselves as concerns. As the voices of these elements support seemingly incompatible actions, visibility, coherence, and performance tensions surface in interactions. Given that doing CSR consists in responding to concerns and conflicts originating from them, the needs practitioners experience may prompt them to (re)negotiate alternatives for action, balance diverging requests, and/or silence pressing issues to benefit other interests. This study enriches the understanding of CSR as polyphony by unveiling the centrality of voice inclusion–exclusion dynamics in how practitioners try to respond to the (ethical) value of the many conflict- and uncertainty-causing courses of action that manifest in interactions. It also provides insights on the nature of voice mobilization processes, which boost the ventriloquial perspective on organizing. Ultimately, by identifying the making of CSR as unfolding in interplays of voice invitation, mitigation, and shelving, it enhances CSR research by inviting scholars to spotlight more the variability and poly-dimensionality of doing CSR.
尽管研究越来越多地表明,要培养对组织社会责任的复调和以冲突为中心的理解——这里被称为企业社会责任——但当从业者讨论企业社会责任问题时,人们对哪些声音会产生影响(如何以及产生什么影响)知之甚少。同样,还需要更多的工作来研究企业社会责任规划中出现的紧张关系以及如何解决冲突。通过用腹语框架分析对话,本研究表明,企业社会责任是作为一种情境的不同元素表达自己的担忧而展开的。由于这些元素的声音支持看似不兼容的行动,可见性、连贯性和表现的紧张关系在互动中浮出水面。鉴于企业社会责任包括对源自企业社会责任的担忧和冲突作出回应,从业者的需求可能会促使他们(重新)协商行动的替代方案,平衡不同的请求,和/或沉默紧迫的问题,以造福其他利益。这项研究揭示了声音包容-排斥动态在从业者试图回应互动中表现出的许多冲突和不确定性导致的行动过程的(道德)价值方面的中心作用,丰富了对企业社会责任作为复调的理解。它还提供了对声音动员过程性质的见解,这促进了腹语对组织的看法。最终,通过将企业社会责任的形成确定为在声音邀请、缓解和搁置的互动中展开,它通过邀请学者更多地关注企业社会责任行为的可变性和多维性来加强企业社会责任研究。
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引用次数: 0
Ideas endorsed, credit claimed: Managerial credit claiming weakens the benefits of voice endorsement on future voice behavior through respect and work group identification 理念背书,信用声称:管理信用声称通过尊重和工作群体认同削弱了声音背书对未来声音行为的好处
IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 MANAGEMENT Pub Date : 2023-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/00187267231156791
Hana Johnson, Wen Wu, Yihua Zhang, Yijing Lyu
Does endorsement of employees’ constructive voice always result in more voice behavior in the future? Although it is often assumed that endorsement is a critical predictor of future voice behavior, we argue that this effect is contingent on whether managers claim credit for their employees’ voice. Drawing from the group engagement model, we first predict that endorsement will be positively associated with voicing employees’ perceived respect within the group, while managers’ credit-claiming behaviors will be negatively associated with such respect. We then further predict that credit-claiming behaviors serve as a boundary condition to the positive association between endorsement and respect, such that when levels of credit claiming by managers are higher, the positive association between endorsement and respect will be weakened. Higher levels of respect, in turn, are associated with higher levels of work group identification and then higher levels of future voice behavior. Results from a multi-wave survey field study in China and a scenario experiment in the United States offer support for our model. Our findings suggest an important but neglected form of managerial response to voice – credit claiming – and highlight its detrimental effect on motivating future voice behavior despite voice endorsement.
对员工建设性建言的认可是否总是导致未来更多的建言行为?虽然人们通常认为认可是未来建言行为的关键预测因素,但我们认为这种影响取决于管理者是否对员工的建言表示赞赏。根据团队敬业度模型,我们首先预测认可与表达员工在团队内的尊重感知呈正相关,而管理者的信用要求行为与这种尊重感知呈负相关。然后,我们进一步预测,信用要求行为作为认可与尊重之间正相关的边界条件,当管理者的信用要求水平较高时,认可与尊重之间的正相关将被削弱。反过来,更高水平的尊重与更高水平的团队认同以及更高水平的未来建言有关。中国多波调查野外研究和美国情景试验的结果为我们的模型提供了支持。我们的研究结果表明,一种重要但被忽视的管理回应形式——信用索赔——并强调了它对激励未来建言行为的不利影响,尽管有声音认可。
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引用次数: 1
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Human Relations
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