World Development最新文献

英文中文

Imposing innovation: How ‘innovation speak’ maintains postcolonial exclusion in Peru

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106914

Andrea Jimenez , Mario Pansera , Samer Abdelnour

Innovation is regarded as a central driver of societal progress via its perceived role in enhancing economic growth and competitive advantage. As a result, ideals associated with innovation have long influenced development theory, policy and practice, particularly in relation to how nation-states, industries and communities might overcome structural barriers to poverty, unemployment, and more. In recent decades, development discourse has come to embrace a more individualised perspective that views business models, design-thinking and entrepreneurship as key engines of economic creativity and growth. This trend, known as innovation speak, is today a globally dominant paradigm influencing nearly every aspect of economic and social policy, from education to healthcare. In this paper, we argue that innovation speak reinforces colonial power relations, particularly the socioeconomic exclusion and cultural subordination of racialised communities. Focusing on Peru as an empirical setting, our study employs semi-structured interviews with key informants, analyses policy instruments, and draws insights from research diaries documenting a visit to an Indigenous-led innovation initiative. Through our analysis, we illuminate how innovation speak permeates development discourse, policy and tools, with the effect of reinforcing a globally dominant capitalist imaginary that posits market- and growth-centric forms of innovation as the presumed path to national development, to the exclusion of other approaches practised and prioritised by Indigenous groups. Our study thus contributes to a more nuanced understanding of innovation speak, coloniality, and the discourses that today dominate development policy and practice in many Global South nations.

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引用次数: 0

The global distribution of authorship in economics journals

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106926

Ernest Aigner , Jacob Greenspon , Dani Rodrik

We assemble a dataset of the universe of economics and business journal articles published since 1980 to assess differences in the levels and trends of the global distribution of authorship in economics journals and citations by country/region, quality of journal, and fields of specialization. We document striking imbalances. While Western and Northern European authors have made substantial gains, the representation of authors based in low-income countries remains extremely low − an order of magnitude lower than the weight of their countries or regions in the global economy. Fields such as international or development economics where global diversification may have been expected have not experienced much increase in developing country authorship. Developing country representation has risen fastest at journals ranked 100th or lower, while it has barely increased in journals ranked 25th or higher. Regression analyses suggest that articles by developing country authors are far less likely to be published in top journals even when holding constant article quality (as proxied by citation counts). Similar trends are observed in citation patterns, with articles by authors in the U.S. receiving far more citations, and those by authors in developing countries receiving fewer. These results are consistent with a general increase in the relative supply of research in the rest of the world. But they also indicate authors from developing countries remain excluded from the profession’s top-rated journals and that their research receives less attention from other economists.

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引用次数: 0

Impact of civil conflict on household energy choices: Implications for the clean energy transition

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106922

Mukti Nath Subedi , Shuddhasattwa Rafiq , Lin Zhang

Achieving universal access to clean energy requires a transition from high-carbon-intensive fuels to less carbon-intensive options. However, several factors can prevent countries and households from reaching this goal. One such barrier is the impact of civil conflict on households’ clean energy choices. This study looks at how Nepal’s decade-long civil conflict between 1996 and 2006 affected household access to clean lighting and cooking fuels. Our findings show that higher levels of conflict intensity decrease the likelihood of households having access to clean energy sources. Further, we propose household income loss, market and infrastructure destruction, and resource shifts towards defence are possible mechanisms through which conflict affects household clean fuel choices. This result reveals the important, but often overlooked, negative effect of civil conflict on the clean energy transition in developing countries.

引用次数: 0

After war ends: Aid paradigms and post-conflict preferences

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106916

Pamina Firchow , Julianne Funk , Roger Mac Ginty

This article is interested in aid preferences, or what people desire in terms of aid, in a post-conflict and post peace accord context. When examining post-conflict preferences around peace thirty years after the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, we observe less of an emphasis on transitional justice or security-related needs and more concrete demands for traditional development-related needs such as infrastructure, jobs, improvement of public spaces and business. Using extensive and systematically collected community-generated data, we show a widespread diversity of needs and priorities related to peace depending on people’s gender, age, ethnicity or nationality and location. This diversity points to the need for peace programming that is multi-modal, flexible, and able to recognize different timelines. This is significant in that Bosnia and Herzegovina has experienced very substantial international peace support and reconciliation assistance over the past three decades, but citizens are anxious to move on and return to ‘normal.’ The research suggests a fatigue with post-conflict contexts being perennially linked to a ‘post-war’ or ‘post-conflict’ status and thus serves as a guide for future international support decades after war has ended.

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引用次数: 0

Foreign aid volatility and institutional development

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106690

Alice Iannantuoni

Existing explanations for why foreign aid can fail to achieve its objectives tend to highlight issues that have roots in recipient countries, e.g., corruption, misappropriation of aid funds. In this paper, I turn the focus to a source of inefficiency that is largely donor-driven: the volatility of foreign aid flows. I argue that aid volatility hinders the development of high-quality institutions in recipient countries. Unpredictable, highly variable aid flows make it difficult for recipient governments to allocate resources across government agencies, to set an efficient tax policy, and to easily coordinate with nongovernmental and civil society organizations about the specific goods and services they will provide. I conceptualize aid volatility as variability — the extent to which the aid flows a country receives vary from year to year; and unpredictability — the extent to which recipients are not able to predict the aid they should expect to receive in upcoming years. I propose measures of aid unpredictability and aid variability, leveraging both a time-series approach and the residuals of a predictive model of aid disbursements. I show evidence that the experience of greater aid volatility over time is associated with worse institutional quality outcomes. These adverse effects of aid volatility on institutional development seem to be particularly strong for more highly aid-dependent recipient countries.

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling financial exclusion during the COVID-19 pandemic: A gender perspective in Latin American countries

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106924

Marie-Anne Lorain , Jesús Barreal Pernas , Gil Jannes , Elena Urquía Grande , Pilar López Sánchez , Javier Sierra

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected mainly the most vulnerable population in developing countries. This research focuses on financial inclusion, with an emphasis on digital financing among men and women in Latin American countries. The analysis combines a qualitative and quantitative perspective. We first perform a comprehensive literature review of financial inclusion in developing countries, with a focus on gender gap, pre- and post-COVID. An extensive sample of Latin American countries is then studied in detail through the World Bank Global Findex Questionnaire. A series of questions is identified in relation to financial inclusion, such as financial and mobile account ownership and their use for bill payments, or debit and credit card ownership, and the differences in terms of gender are analyzed statistically. This analysis is complemented by an econometric modelization to identify the significance and strength of the variables that determine financial inclusion.

Among our main results, we highlight the positive post-COVID evolution of financial inclusion for both genders. However, this positive influence is much stronger for men than for women. Before COVID, women scored slightly higher on all financial inclusion indicators under consideration for the whole of Latin America. However, this balance is markedly reversed post-COVID. Our results thus reinforce previous findings on the economic, social, and financial repercussions suffered by women in developing countries from COVID-19. We also formulate tentative suggestions for policy makers to reinforce the financial education and inclusion of women.

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引用次数: 0

Robot and crime: Evidence from China

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106921

Guanfu Fang , Liya Miao

This paper provides the first evidence on the effects of industrial robots on crime. We exploit the variation in the initial distribution of industrial employment across Chinese cities and the difference in robot adoption across industries over time to identify the impact of robot exposure on crime rates. We find that cities with higher exposure to industrial robots have lower overall crime rates. We also provide evidence that industrial robot exposure increases employment opportunities for low-educated adults, who are more likely to engage in criminal activities. These findings contribute to a growing body of research on the socio-economic implications of automation and offer valuable insights for policymakers aiming to address crime and promote economic development through technological advancements.

引用次数: 0

When the data you have aren’t the data you need: The availability of school-related violence data in low- and middle-income countries

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106919

David K. Evans , Susannah Hares , Gabriela Smarrelli , Dongyi Wu

Violence in schools—which surveys demonstrate is a challenge across countries—is associated with worse educational and life outcomes. Yet documenting the prevalence of sexual, physical, and psychological violence in schools is just the first piece of data that policymakers and partners need to act effectively against school-related violence. In this study, we review the availability of data on school-related violence from international surveys administered across low- and middle-income countries, as well as national surveys in a sample of countries. We find that most countries lack the data to answer simple questions that policymakers might ask as precursors to taking action against school-related violence, to understand the consequences of violence, or to monitor progress on reducing violence. For example, only one in six countries has data to measure how many children have recently experienced sexual violence from school staff. The gaps in data are biggest for younger children. We provide a dataset of international surveys with school-related violence questions and recommendations to increase the available, actionable data related to school-related violence.

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引用次数: 0

Rewarding performance in disaster response: Evidence from local governments in Latin America

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106828

Felipe Livert , Julie Anne Weaver , Paola Bordón

Given the increasing frequency of large-scale disasters, managing such emergencies is becoming an important domain of politicians’ responsibilities in office. Models of electoral accountability posit that voter reward and sanctioning in re-elections incentivizes good performance. Yet little accountability research considers how electoral incentives impact this new type of public sector responsibility. Most studies of electoral responses to disasters tend to study voter reactions to the existence of the disaster itself, rather than how politicians perform in responding to it after the fact. Those that do incorporate performance use metrics like disaster declarations or allocating relief aid, which may be relevant for national actors, but not local-level politicians whose main role in disaster response is spending the funds they receive from the central level to manage recovery efforts. Furthermore, most research studies only one disaster at a time and focuses on economically advanced countries. Our approach addresses each of these gaps by combining local-level electoral returns in Chile and Peru with detailed data on how mayors perform in responding to a variety of natural catastrophes. We find that voters do in fact reward local politicians that effectively manage disasters, providing a blueprint for how to best incentivize disaster responsiveness going forward.

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引用次数: 0

Who becomes a politician in a gender quota system? Evidence from India

IF 5.4 1区经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development

Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106911

Yuko Mori , R. Manjula , D. Rajasekhar , Jun Goto , Takashi Kurosaki

Broad representation and competent leaders are both important factors when selecting representatives in a democracy. While gender quotas aim for the equal representation of genders, it is a challenge for non-elite women to become politicians in the context of elite dominance. In such cases, equal representation between social classes may be impeded. Gender quotas may also make the selection of competent leaders difficult if the number of qualified women is limited and if the opportunity cost of becoming a politician is high for such women. This study explores the random assignment of gender quotas across villages in India to examine the impact of gender quotas on the broadness of representation and the competence of candidates. We conducted a field survey in villages and collected information about cognitive and non-cognitive skills and the socioeconomic backgrounds of the voters and candidates in local elections. We find that female candidates with higher cognitive skills are more positively selected among voters compared to male candidates, while households with less leadership experience can participate in elections as candidates in a gender quota system. These results suggest that the quota system could have the potential to promote broad political participation and encourage meritocratic candidate selection.

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引用次数: 0

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