A smoke-free environment is crucial to the health of low-income, marginalized and vulnerable groups in the wake of COVID-19 and extreme weather. Low-income vulnerable groups mostly live in old residential areas, where the quality of living environment is poor. Ground buildings lack fire protection and smokeless facilities, and ground, rain and sewage pipes are mixed, posing serious safety and health risks. However, urban reconstruction and restoration often pay attention to the smoke-free environment, underground pipe network facilities and green and intelligent application of new residential areas, while ignoring the implantation of smoke-free environment, environmental protection and energy saving sustainable technology measures in the reconstruction of old residential areas. The old residential areas are the last link in the implementation of smoke-free policy and the most vulnerable areas of urban governance. Urban renewal design implanting smoke-free environment and green technology into urban fabric can improve its resilience and quality of living environment. Based on this, taking Shangdayanwan Central District, Yuzhong District of Chongqing, a typical mountain city, as an example, the reconstruction and design of the old residential area with green technology embedded in smoke-free environment was carried out, and the technical mechanism was explored, providing reference for urban renewal design to reduce pollution, prevent disasters and improve the ecological conservation of human settlements.
{"title":"Exploration on Landscape Reconstruction Design of Old Residential Communities Embedded with Green Technology Based on Smoke-Free Environment: Regarding Shangdatianwan Central District in Yuzhong District of Chongqing a Case","authors":"L. Fanyi, Dong Lili, Chen Yuan, Liu Yuanyuan","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.7","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A smoke-free environment is crucial to the health of low-income, marginalized and vulnerable groups in the wake of COVID-19 and extreme weather. Low-income vulnerable groups mostly live in old residential areas, where the quality of living environment is poor. Ground buildings lack\u0000 fire protection and smokeless facilities, and ground, rain and sewage pipes are mixed, posing serious safety and health risks. However, urban reconstruction and restoration often pay attention to the smoke-free environment, underground pipe network facilities and green and intelligent application\u0000 of new residential areas, while ignoring the implantation of smoke-free environment, environmental protection and energy saving sustainable technology measures in the reconstruction of old residential areas. The old residential areas are the last link in the implementation of smoke-free policy\u0000 and the most vulnerable areas of urban governance. Urban renewal design implanting smoke-free environment and green technology into urban fabric can improve its resilience and quality of living environment. Based on this, taking Shangdayanwan Central District, Yuzhong District of Chongqing,\u0000 a typical mountain city, as an example, the reconstruction and design of the old residential area with green technology embedded in smoke-free environment was carried out, and the technical mechanism was explored, providing reference for urban renewal design to reduce pollution, prevent disasters\u0000 and improve the ecological conservation of human settlements.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46228322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji Feng, Cheng Guiqing, Jia Xuedi, Luo Qubo, Wu Fan
Based on 234 survey data of 35 pilot demonstration enterprises in intelligent manufacturing, this paper tested the mediating role of supply chain flexibility in the process of big data capability affecting enterprise performance. The empirical results show that the foundation capability, application capability, and development capability all have a significant positive impact on enterprises performance. Big data foundation capability has a significant positive effect on the supply chain flexibility in terms of product flexibility, logistics flexibility and production flexibility, and it has no significant effect on purchasing flexibility and information flexibility. Both big data application capability and big data development capability have a positive effect on supply chain flexibility. In addition to purchasing flexibility, the other dimensions of supply chain flexibility and supply chain flexibility comprehensive factors all have a mediating effect on the relationship between big data capabilities and firm performance. The conclusions of this study have a positive enlightenment role for enterprises to develop big data capabilities and create a flexible supply chain to meet the needs of the market and customers.
{"title":"The Impact of Big Data Capability on Enterprise Performance—theMediating Effect of Supply Chain Flexibility","authors":"Ji Feng, Cheng Guiqing, Jia Xuedi, Luo Qubo, Wu Fan","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.51","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Based on 234 survey data of 35 pilot demonstration enterprises in intelligent manufacturing, this paper tested the mediating role of supply chain flexibility in the process of big data capability affecting enterprise performance. The empirical results show that the foundation capability,\u0000 application capability, and development capability all have a significant positive impact on enterprises performance. Big data foundation capability has a significant positive effect on the supply chain flexibility in terms of product flexibility, logistics flexibility and production flexibility,\u0000 and it has no significant effect on purchasing flexibility and information flexibility. Both big data application capability and big data development capability have a positive effect on supply chain flexibility. In addition to purchasing flexibility, the other dimensions of supply chain flexibility\u0000 and supply chain flexibility comprehensive factors all have a mediating effect on the relationship between big data capabilities and firm performance. The conclusions of this study have a positive enlightenment role for enterprises to develop big data capabilities and create a flexible supply\u0000 chain to meet the needs of the market and customers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44020203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Improving children’s educational performance is the fundamental goal of education. The factors that affect children’s educational performance are complex. Family factors are one of the key factors affecting children’s educational performance. In order to analyze whether family separation will affect children’s educational performance, there are differences in education performance of migrant, left-behind and migrant left-behind children in terms of family separation. The model analyzes the impact of family separation on the educational performance of three types of children: floating, left-behind and floating left-behind children. Studies have found that family separation has a significant impact on the educational performance of migrant and migrant left-behind children, and family education capital and education investment will also affect children’s educational performance. Therefore, parents should increase the time of children's companionship and participatory learning, improve children's educational performance, strengthen family education capital investment and children's educational investment to improve children's educational performance.
{"title":"Does Family Separation Affect Children's Educational Performance? -- Analysis Based on Ordered Logistic Regression Model","authors":"Luo Juan, Zhang Kai-li, Yang Lu, Zhang Yaqi","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.87","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Improving children’s educational performance is the fundamental goal of education. The factors that affect children’s educational performance are complex. Family factors are one of the key factors affecting children’s educational performance. In order to analyze\u0000 whether family separation will affect children’s educational performance, there are differences in education performance of migrant, left-behind and migrant left-behind children in terms of family separation. The model analyzes the impact of family separation on the educational performance\u0000 of three types of children: floating, left-behind and floating left-behind children. Studies have found that family separation has a significant impact on the educational performance of migrant and migrant left-behind children, and family education capital and education investment will also\u0000 affect children’s educational performance. Therefore, parents should increase the time of children's companionship and participatory learning, improve children's educational performance, strengthen family education capital investment and children's educational investment to improve children's\u0000 educational performance.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44087620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Innovation and entrepreneurship service platforms in colleges and universities bear the dual responsibility of education on and support for innovation and entrepreneurship. However, at present, they are confronted with such problems as insufficient government policy publicity, insignificant transformation effect of scientific research achievements, fragile business environment, and weak financing function. To continue to advance the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship service platform for college students, it is necessary to improve the government environment of those platforms within colleges and universities, build the service platform based on the transformation of teachers’ scientific research achievements, enhance the business environment for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship, and promote the financing capacity of colleges’ incubators.
{"title":"Development Status and Countermeasures of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Service Platform in China's Universities","authors":"Wang Yong, Z. Yaohui","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.95","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Innovation and entrepreneurship service platforms in colleges and universities bear the dual responsibility of education on and support for innovation and entrepreneurship. However, at present, they are confronted with such problems as insufficient government policy publicity, insignificant\u0000 transformation effect of scientific research achievements, fragile business environment, and weak financing function. To continue to advance the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship service platform for college students, it is necessary to improve the government environment of those\u0000 platforms within colleges and universities, build the service platform based on the transformation of teachers’ scientific research achievements, enhance the business environment for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship, and promote the financing capacity of colleges’\u0000 incubators.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43063538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: To observe the clinical effect of partial pulpotomy with I Root Bp Plus in cariously exposed mature permanent teeth. Methods: twenty-three cariously exposed mature permanent teeth were choosen by preoperative clinical signs, pulp dynamic examination and imaging examination. After informed consent, rubber barrier was placed. The tooth decay and the inflamed pulp were removed by round bur. After 5% sodium hypochlorite covered the section until sufficient hemostasis was achieved, I Root Bp Plus was used to tightly cover the pulp with a thickness of about 2mm, resin was filled to repaired the shape of the tooth. The capping pulp was examined by X-ray immediately after operation. Clinical and imaging examinations were performed 12 months and 36 months after treatment. Results: After 3 year, the success rate of partial pulpotomy was 86.96%, which is similar as root cannal therapy. Conclusions: The partial pulptomy for caries exposed mature permanent teeth may be an alternative to root canal therapy, and is more consistent with the current concept of minimally invasive and preservation of vital pulp.
目的:观察I根Bp +部分切髓术治疗龋露成熟恒牙的临床效果。方法:通过术前临床表现、牙髓动态检查和影像学检查，选择23颗龋露成熟恒牙。征得知情同意后，放置橡胶屏障。将蛀牙和发炎的牙髓用圆刺去除。5%次氯酸钠覆盖切面至充分止血后，用I Root Bp Plus紧密覆盖牙髓，厚度约2mm，填充树脂修复牙形。术后立即行盖髓x线检查。治疗后12个月和36个月分别进行临床和影像学检查。结果:术后3年，局部髓腔切开术的成功率为86.96%，与根管治疗相似。结论:成熟恒牙外露龋部分切除牙髓可能是根管治疗的一种替代方法，更符合目前微创和保留重要牙髓的理念。
{"title":"Application of Partial Pulpotomy in the Treatment of Chronic Pulpitis Caused by Carious in Mature Permanent Teeth: 3 Year-Follow-Up","authors":"Lv Zhe, Zhu Jieying","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.79","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To observe the clinical effect of partial pulpotomy with I Root Bp Plus in cariously exposed mature permanent teeth. Methods: twenty-three cariously exposed mature permanent teeth were choosen by preoperative clinical signs, pulp dynamic\u0000 examination and imaging examination. After informed consent, rubber barrier was placed. The tooth decay and the inflamed pulp were removed by round bur. After 5% sodium hypochlorite covered the section until sufficient hemostasis was achieved, I Root Bp Plus was used to tightly cover the pulp\u0000 with a thickness of about 2mm, resin was filled to repaired the shape of the tooth. The capping pulp was examined by X-ray immediately after operation. Clinical and imaging examinations were performed 12 months and 36 months after treatment. Results: After 3 year,\u0000 the success rate of partial pulpotomy was 86.96%, which is similar as root cannal therapy. Conclusions: The partial pulptomy for caries exposed mature permanent teeth may be an alternative to root canal therapy, and is more consistent with the current concept of\u0000 minimally invasive and preservation of vital pulp.","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46372728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
China has a large number of sports intangible cultural heritage tourism resources. Especially in the Yellow River Basin, as the accumulation of history and the crystallization of human civilization, sports intangible cultural heritage is of great significance for maintaining cultural diversity. This paper studies the integration development and protection of sports intangible cultural heritage and cultural tourism in the Yellow River Basin Based on GIS. In order to enrich the protection and inheritance path of sports intangible cultural heritage, and reveal its spatial distribution and causes, this paper uses GIS spatial analysis method to analyze "points" (excellent tourist cities, 5A scenic spots), "lines" (national trunk lines, railways), "points" and "lines". The results show that: the Yellow River Basin is a natural and cultural tourism destination, ethnic cultural experience and religious and historical holy land, which has strong attraction for tourists. Therefore, making full use of the rapid development of tourism in these areas, scientific protection and utilization of high-level sports intangible cultural heritage resources can promote the sustainable development of sports heritage and sports tourism in the Yellow River Basin.
{"title":"Integration Development and Protection of Sports Intangible Cultural Heritage and Cultural Tourism in the Yellow River Basin Based on GIS","authors":"Wan Huizhen","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.41","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 China has a large number of sports intangible cultural heritage tourism resources. Especially in the Yellow River Basin, as the accumulation of history and the crystallization of human civilization, sports intangible cultural heritage is of great significance for maintaining cultural\u0000 diversity. This paper studies the integration development and protection of sports intangible cultural heritage and cultural tourism in the Yellow River Basin Based on GIS. In order to enrich the protection and inheritance path of sports intangible cultural heritage, and reveal its spatial\u0000 distribution and causes, this paper uses GIS spatial analysis method to analyze \"points\" (excellent tourist cities, 5A scenic spots), \"lines\" (national trunk lines, railways), \"points\" and \"lines\". The results show that: the Yellow River Basin is a natural\u0000 and cultural tourism destination, ethnic cultural experience and religious and historical holy land, which has strong attraction for tourists. Therefore, making full use of the rapid development of tourism in these areas, scientific protection and utilization of high-level sports intangible\u0000 cultural heritage resources can promote the sustainable development of sports heritage and sports tourism in the Yellow River Basin.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46462327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Artificial intelligence has profoundly changed the way of university education. The tobacco ban on university campuses has become a consensus among people. The public smoking ban among university students requires both external constraints and internal ideological education. The evaluation system construction of college students’ ideological education is an effective way to improve the quality of college students’ ideological education, and it has a guiding role in promoting the ideological education of college students. The evaluation system is a whole, so we should start from structural function, and pursue the system construction and implementation path from the inside to the outside. Parsons Structural Function Analysis Framework (AGIL) is a systematic analysis method to study the structural function of social action. Using AGIL for analysis, the evaluation subject, evaluation objective, evaluation organization and evaluation system constitute the functional structure of the evaluation. To build an ideological education evaluation system for college students, the implementation path involves optimizing evaluation subject and promoting result evaluation; focusing on evaluation objectives and enhancing process evaluation; strengthening evaluation organization and breaking through value-added evaluation; improving evaluation system and perfecting comprehensive evaluation.
{"title":"Research on the Evaluation System of College Students’ Ideological Education Supporting Smoking Banon Campus in the AI Era-Based on the Analysis Framework of AGIL","authors":"Jiao Litao, Liu Beibei","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.22","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Artificial intelligence has profoundly changed the way of university education. The tobacco ban on university campuses has become a consensus among people. The public smoking ban among university students requires both external constraints and internal ideological\u0000 education. The evaluation system construction of college students’ ideological education is an effective way to improve the quality of college students’ ideological education, and it has a guiding role in promoting the ideological education of college students. The evaluation system\u0000 is a whole, so we should start from structural function, and pursue the system construction and implementation path from the inside to the outside. Parsons Structural Function Analysis Framework (AGIL) is a systematic analysis method to study the structural function of social action. Using\u0000 AGIL for analysis, the evaluation subject, evaluation objective, evaluation organization and evaluation system constitute the functional structure of the evaluation. To build an ideological education evaluation system for college students, the implementation path involves optimizing evaluation\u0000 subject and promoting result evaluation; focusing on evaluation objectives and enhancing process evaluation; strengthening evaluation organization and breaking through value-added evaluation; improving evaluation system and perfecting comprehensive evaluation.","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48207494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Since the 21st century, the cultivation of talents has shifted from the "core of knowledge" to the "core of literacy", which is also an emphasis on and attention to the core literacy of students. The elementary education policy represents an important measure in China's comprehensive quality education, and it puts forward higher requirements on the content and evaluation standards of basic art education. Ideological and moral education has always been highly valued in China. Moral education courses are compulsory public courses for students from elementary school to middle school across the country. The contradiction between the development and prosperity of moral education and the ideological and moral problems of students in the compulsory education stage is thought provoking. It is imperative to reform the existing moral education work. Giving full play to the moral education function of art education in elementary education is a popular and effective way for students in elementary and middle schools. The significance of this article's research on the moral education function of art education in elementary education is to infiltrate the moral education of art education, cultivate sentiments, improve students' aesthetic ability, cultivate students' artistic qualities and innovative thinking, to cultivate all-round development of people.
{"title":"The Moral Education Function and Path Choice of Art Education in Elementary Education","authors":"Wang Kunqi","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.45","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Since the 21st century, the cultivation of talents has shifted from the \"core of knowledge\" to the \"core of literacy\", which is also an emphasis on and attention to the core literacy of students. The elementary education policy represents\u0000 an important measure in China's comprehensive quality education, and it puts forward higher requirements on the content and evaluation standards of basic art education. Ideological and moral education has always been highly valued in China. Moral education courses are compulsory public courses\u0000 for students from elementary school to middle school across the country. The contradiction between the development and prosperity of moral education and the ideological and moral problems of students in the compulsory education stage is thought provoking. It is imperative to reform the existing\u0000 moral education work. Giving full play to the moral education function of art education in elementary education is a popular and effective way for students in elementary and middle schools. The significance of this article's research on the moral education function of art education in elementary\u0000 education is to infiltrate the moral education of art education, cultivate sentiments, improve students' aesthetic ability, cultivate students' artistic qualities and innovative thinking, to cultivate all-round development of people.","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47555730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the 2003 Tecmedv. Mexico case, the principle of proportionality, which was already practiced under the jurisprudence of the ECtHR, was transplanted to investment arbitration cases under the ICSID. Tobacco control regulations are imposed on tobacco company by state to protect the public health. In landmark case Philip Morris v. Uruguay, the tribunal resorted to the principle of proportionality to prove that tobacco control measures do not constitute the violation of investment treaty. Nevertheless, few have discussed discretionary issues caused by this expanded use especially. This article attempts to challenge the current manner in which the principle of proportionality is utilized in investment arbitration under ICSID. More specifically, it seeks to challenge the discretion exerted by the tribunals when the principle is applied especially applied to tobacco control regulations. This article will demonstrate how the unwarranted judicial discretion has a detrimental effect on predicting how the ICSID tribunals will protect property rights while balancing the host states’ power to regulate.
{"title":"Principle of Proportionality and Judicial Discretion in ICSID Arbitration: A Case Study of Tobacco Industry","authors":"Qu Guangyi, Shen Wei","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.20","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the 2003 Tecmedv. Mexico case, the principle of proportionality, which was already practiced under the jurisprudence of the ECtHR, was transplanted to investment arbitration cases under the ICSID. Tobacco control regulations are imposed on tobacco company by state to protect the\u0000 public health. In landmark case Philip Morris v. Uruguay, the tribunal resorted to the principle of proportionality to prove that tobacco control measures do not constitute the violation of investment treaty. Nevertheless, few have discussed discretionary issues caused by this expanded use\u0000 especially. This article attempts to challenge the current manner in which the principle of proportionality is utilized in investment arbitration under ICSID. More specifically, it seeks to challenge the discretion exerted by the tribunals when the principle is applied especially applied to\u0000 tobacco control regulations. This article will demonstrate how the unwarranted judicial discretion has a detrimental effect on predicting how the ICSID tribunals will protect property rights while balancing the host states’ power to regulate.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43187262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the tourism industry has been hit hard, especially the homestay inn market has shrunk sharply. In China, people actively implement the Chinese government's relevant policies for pandemic prevention and control, rationally arrange travel, and strictly implement corresponding protective measures. These policies have greatly reduced the number and frequency of people's travel. Before the flu broke out, major holidays, such as the Spring Festival, Mid- Autumn Festival, Winter and Summer vacations, were peak tourist seasons. Now the entire tourist market is in a state of depression. Tourists canceled their travel plans one after anther, which indirectly caused a large number of homestay inns to be unable to operate, and they had no choice but to close their stores to reduce expenses. Under this situation, the problems of the homestay inn industry itself are gradually exposed. The decoration styles of the homestay inn are similar, and the homogeneity is becoming more and more serious. Simple imitating and copying have no characteristics at all. Unclear price and low service quality also reflect management confusion. What's more serious is that some homestays do not have fire-fighting systems such as smoke alarms, and guests smoking in the rooms cause huge safety hazards. With the normalization of COVID-19 prevention and control work, the revival of the homestay inn industry is ushering in. It has become a top priority to improve quality, brand image, and develop its own cultural IP. This article will combine an architectural project in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, to study and explore the design of smoke-free homestay inn. Through the installation of smoke alarm system and fresh air system and other equipment, the circulation of indoor and outdoor air is ensured, and a smoke-free environment is created to ensure the safety and comfort of guests. And combine regional characteristics to deeply explore local culture and its own characteristics, and create a vibrant and creative brand image to meet people's growing spiritual needs.
{"title":"Design and Development of Smoke-Free Homestay Inn in the Post-Pandemic Era","authors":"Huang Zhenkai, Pan Haowei, Cao Hui, Gábor Zoboki","doi":"10.18001/trs.7.6.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18001/trs.7.6.23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the tourism industry has been hit hard, especially the homestay inn market has shrunk sharply. In China, people actively implement the Chinese government's relevant policies for pandemic prevention and control, rationally arrange travel, and strictly\u0000 implement corresponding protective measures. These policies have greatly reduced the number and frequency of people's travel. Before the flu broke out, major holidays, such as the Spring Festival, Mid- Autumn Festival, Winter and Summer vacations, were peak tourist seasons. Now the entire\u0000 tourist market is in a state of depression. Tourists canceled their travel plans one after anther, which indirectly caused a large number of homestay inns to be unable to operate, and they had no choice but to close their stores to reduce expenses. Under this situation, the problems of the\u0000 homestay inn industry itself are gradually exposed. The decoration styles of the homestay inn are similar, and the homogeneity is becoming more and more serious. Simple imitating and copying have no characteristics at all. Unclear price and low service quality also reflect management confusion.\u0000 What's more serious is that some homestays do not have fire-fighting systems such as smoke alarms, and guests smoking in the rooms cause huge safety hazards. With the normalization of COVID-19 prevention and control work, the revival of the homestay inn industry is ushering in. It has become\u0000 a top priority to improve quality, brand image, and develop its own cultural IP. This article will combine an architectural project in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, to study and explore the design of smoke-free homestay inn. Through the installation of smoke alarm system and fresh air system\u0000 and other equipment, the circulation of indoor and outdoor air is ensured, and a smoke-free environment is created to ensure the safety and comfort of guests. And combine regional characteristics to deeply explore local culture and its own characteristics, and create a vibrant and creative\u0000 brand image to meet people's growing spiritual needs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":48513,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Regulatory Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41840040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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