Sustainable Cities and Society最新文献_第8页

Nighttime Street View Imagery: A new perspective for sensing urban lighting landscape 夜间街景图像：感知城市照明景观的新视角

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105862

Zicheng Fan , Filip Biljecki

Urban lighting reflects nocturnal activities and it is traditionally observed using Nighttime Lights (NTL) satellite imagery. Few studies systematically measure the nightscape from a human perspective. This study brings a new paradigm — urban lighting sensing via Nighttime Street View Imagery (SVI). The paradigm draws on the accomplishments of (daytime) SVI and gives attention to its ignored nighttime counterpart. We put forward this idea by manually collecting 2,831 nighttime SVIs across various urban functional areas in Singapore. We investigated their values by developing a use case for clustering nighttime lighting patterns. To mitigate the scarcity of nighttime SVI, deep learning regression models were trained to predict nighttime brightness based on corresponding daytime SVIs obtained from widely available sources. The results were compared with brightness data derived from satellite imagery, to affirm the novelty and uniqueness of nighttime SVI. As a result, there are 7 lighting patterns within the collected nighttime SVI, distinct in lighted spot features and total brightness. The identified patterns effectively characterize different urban function scenarios. The best trained brightness prediction model performs well in revealing the city-scale lighting landscape. The SVI-predicted brightness shows a distribution similar to the brightness from satellite imagery and complements it in urban areas with complex vertical lighting structures. This study demonstrates the potential of nighttime SVI as a valuable data source for mapping urban lighting and activities, offering advantages over satellite data. The proposed paradigm contributes significantly to cross-modal information mining in urban studies and has potential applications in scenarios such as light pollution mitigation and crime prevention.

城市照明反映了夜间活动，传统上使用夜间照明（NTL）卫星图像进行观测。很少有研究从人类的角度系统地测量夜景。这项研究带来了一种新模式--通过夜景街景图像（SVI）感知城市照明。该范例借鉴了（白天）SVI 的成就，并关注其被忽视的夜景。我们通过手动收集新加坡各城市功能区的 2,831 幅夜间 SVI 图像，提出了这一想法。我们通过开发夜间照明模式聚类用例来研究其价值。为了减少夜间 SVI 的稀缺性，我们训练了深度学习回归模型，根据从广泛来源获得的相应白天 SVI 预测夜间亮度。预测结果与卫星图像中的亮度数据进行了比较，以确认夜间 SVI 的新颖性和独特性。结果发现，在收集到的夜间 SVI 中有 7 种照明模式，它们在光斑特征和总亮度方面各不相同。这些模式有效地描述了不同的城市功能场景。训练有素的最佳亮度预测模型在揭示城市照明景观方面表现出色。SVI 预测的亮度分布与卫星图像的亮度分布相似，并在具有复杂垂直照明结构的城市地区起到补充作用。这项研究证明了夜间 SVI 作为绘制城市照明和活动地图的宝贵数据源的潜力，与卫星数据相比更具优势。所提出的范例极大地促进了城市研究中的跨模式信息挖掘，并有可能应用于减轻光污染和预防犯罪等场景。

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling the global economic and mortality effects of rising urban heat island intensity 揭示城市热岛强度上升对全球经济和死亡率的影响

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105902

Yuan Yuan , Xiao Li , Huijuan Wang , Xiaolei Geng , Jintao Gu , Zhengqiu Fan , Xiangrong Wang , Chuan Liao

The increasing severity of urban heat island (UHI) effects poses a significant concern in cities, where to over half of the world's population lives. We examine the pattern of surface UHI intensity (SUHII) and its effect on urban economic productivity and mortality across 171 countries from 2003 to 2018. Countries with heavy industrial/manufacturing bases and higher income levels face more significant economic repercussions from SUHII. Males experience higher mortality rates under comparable SUHII conditions. A unit increase in GNI correlates to a 23.2 % rise in SUHII's effect on GDP and a 5.5 % increase in its effect on mortality rate. A higher Socio-Demographic Index mitigates SUHII's impact on urban GDP. Moreover, the Gini index directly impacts SUHII more than it affects SUHII-related mortality through inequality. Reducing income inequality by one unit will increase the enhancing effect of SUHII on the mortality rate by 11.8 %. Our findings reveal a significant link between wealth disparity and amplified health risks associated with SUHII, potentially leading to new forms of urban inequality. The study highlights the importance of development status and economic composition in facing UHI-related challenges and recommends equitable strategies for policymakers and urban planners to mitigate UHI effects in diverse developmental contexts.

城市热岛（UHI）效应日益严重，这对居住着全球一半以上人口的城市来说是一个重大问题。我们研究了 2003 至 2018 年间 171 个国家的地表超高强度（SUHII）模式及其对城市经济生产力和死亡率的影响。工业/制造业基础雄厚、收入水平较高的国家面临的超高强度对经济的影响更为显著。在同等 SUHII 条件下，男性死亡率更高。国民总收入每增加一个单位，SUHII 对国内生产总值的影响就增加 23.2%，对死亡率的影响增加 5.5%。较高的社会人口指数会减轻 SUHII 对城市 GDP 的影响。此外，基尼指数对 SUHII 的直接影响大于通过不平等对 SUHII 相关死亡率的影响。将收入不平等程度降低一个单位将使 SUHII 对死亡率的提升效应增加 11.8%。我们的研究结果揭示了贫富差距与 SUHII 相关健康风险扩大之间的重要联系，有可能导致新形式的城市不平等。这项研究强调了发展状况和经济构成在面对与超高温影响相关的挑战时的重要性，并为政策制定者和城市规划者提出了在不同发展背景下减轻超高温影响的公平策略建议。

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引用次数: 0

Reducing uncertainty of building shape information in urban building energy modeling using Bayesian calibration 利用贝叶斯校准减少城市建筑能耗建模中建筑外形信息的不确定性

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105895

Jeongyun Hwang , Hyunwoo Lim , Jongyeon Lim

This study proposes urban building energy modeling that extends beyond single-building-level models to the urban level. However, most urban building energy models use representative buildings that may not accurately reflect the diversity of building shapes, systems, and envelope performance when conducting building energy evaluations at the urban scale. To address this issue, previous studies have utilized representative buildings and Bayesian calibration to estimate uncertain building information parameters without considering building shape information. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to estimate building shape information using artificial neural networks and Bayesian calibration based on building energy consumption data to identify the shape information uncertainty of representative buildings. The results indicate that some shape information can be estimated by comparing the overall distribution of the building stock using the two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Furthermore, we found that the proposed energy modeling methodology yields energy consumption patterns similar to those of the target building stock. This preliminary investigation addresses the uncertainty of representative buildings in urban-scale modeling, elucidates the relationship between building form and energy consumption, and introduces a method for inferring shape information from energy consumption data.

本研究提出的城市建筑能耗建模超越了单体建筑模型，扩展到了城市层面。然而，大多数城市建筑能耗模型使用的是具有代表性的建筑，在城市范围内进行建筑能耗评估时可能无法准确反映建筑形状、系统和围护结构性能的多样性。为了解决这个问题，之前的研究利用代表性建筑和贝叶斯校准来估算不确定的建筑信息参数，而不考虑建筑形状信息。因此，本研究的主要目标是基于建筑能耗数据，利用人工神经网络和贝叶斯校准估算建筑形状信息，以确定代表性建筑的形状信息不确定性。结果表明，通过使用双样本 Kolmogorov-Smirnov 检验比较建筑群的整体分布，可以估算出一些形状信息。此外，我们还发现，所提出的能源建模方法所得出的能耗模式与目标建筑群的能耗模式相似。这项初步调查解决了城市尺度建模中代表性建筑的不确定性问题，阐明了建筑形态与能源消耗之间的关系，并介绍了一种从能源消耗数据中推断建筑形态信息的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Downwind Warming of Cities? Inequal Heat Distribution Attributed to Winds 城市顺风变暖？风导致热量分布不均

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105879

Wan-Yu Shih , Min-Hui Lo , Undrakh Ganzorig

Heat exposure within urban areas is strikingly uneven, posing disproportionate risks to certain communities. While nature-based solutions have gained attention, the role of wind in distributing heat remains less understood in an urban planning scale. This study assessed the interaction between wind direction, speed, and heat advection in Taipei Basin during summers from 2011 to 2020, using data from densely installed meteorological stations. A novel method was developed to capture multiple wind directions while accounting for local terrain and urban effects. Results revealed that wind-induced heat advection is complicated by local terrain and nearby cities in the conurbation, varying heat distribution. Windy conditions were mostly warmer than calm conditions, with north-westerly and westerly winds causing the strongest heat advection. Heat advection increased with wind speeds up to 5.4 m/s and decreased thereafter. Substantial intra-urban differences in heat advection were observed, reaching 4.33°C daytime and 3.34°C nighttime. Upwind areas were not necessarily cooler, while some downwind areas at mountain foot experienced greater warming. Up to 2.6SD of advected heat magnitude was found downwind at night. These findings underscore inequitable heat transfer to areas that do not generate heat and the critical need for wind-sensitive planning for both city-region and inter-urban areas.

城市地区的热量分布极不均衡，给某些社区带来了过大的风险。以自然为基础的解决方案已受到关注，但在城市规划范围内，人们对风在热量分布中的作用仍不甚了解。本研究利用密集安装的气象站数据，评估了 2011 年至 2020 年夏季台北盆地的风向、风速和热吸力之间的相互作用。研究开发了一种新方法来捕捉多种风向，同时考虑当地地形和城市的影响。结果表明，风引起的热量平流受到当地地形和附近城市的影响，热量分布不一。大风条件下的气温大多高于平静条件下的气温，其中西北风和西风引起的热吸力最强。风速达到 5.4 米/秒时，热吸力增强，风速达到 5.4 米/秒后，热吸力减弱。城市内部的热吸力差异很大，白天达到 4.33°C，夜间达到 3.34°C。上风向地区的气温不一定较低，而山脚下的一些下风向地区则升温较快。夜间下风向的热量平移幅度高达 2.6SD。这些发现强调了向不产生热量的地区传热的不公平现象，以及对城市区域和城市间地区进行风敏感规划的迫切需要。

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引用次数: 0

Thermally driven MnCl2NH4Cl resorption cycle for seasonal thermal management of urban buildings 用于城市建筑季节性热管理的热驱动 MnCl2NH4Cl 吸收循环

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105900

Shao-Fei Wu , Bing-Zhi Yuan , Li-Wei Wang

The frequency of extreme weather conditions caused by global greenhouse gas emissions has led to a significant increase in energy consumption for refrigeration and heating supply in urban buildings. However, conventional sensible and latent heat storage technologies hold low thermal energy storage density and short-term energy storage capabilities. Additionally, electrically driven compression refrigeration with non-negligible global warming potential (GWP) is unsuited to high ambient temperatures in summer. We propose an advanced strategy, adopting the MnCl₂NH₄Cl resorption cycle to achieve efficient desorption refrigeration of NH₄Cl and resorption heating supply of MnCl₂ under seasonal conditions. Experimental results have demonstrated that our proof-of-concept system can output 70 °C heat with a thermal energy storage density of 166.2 kJ·kg⁻¹, providing continuous heating for 30.5 min under the winter ambient temperature of 10 °C. Moreover, COP_ref remained at 0.589 for continuous indoor refrigeration lasting 58.5 min under summer ambient and refrigeration temperatures of around 30 °C and 2 °C, respectively. This exceptional adaptability to ambient temperatures enables efficient adjustment of urban building comfort. Our work presents a promising zero-carbon pathway for replacing conventional fossil fuels employed in the thermal management of urban buildings with solar energy.

由于全球温室气体排放导致极端天气频发，城市建筑的制冷和供热能耗大幅增加。然而，传统的显热和潜热储存技术的热能储存密度和短期能量储存能力较低。此外，具有不可忽略的全球升温潜能值（GWP）的电驱动压缩制冷不适合夏季的高环境温度。我们提出了一种先进的策略，采用 MnCl2NH4Cl 吸附循环来实现 NH4Cl 的高效解吸制冷和 MnCl2 在季节性条件下的吸热供应。实验结果表明，我们的概念验证系统可以输出 70 °C 的热量，热能储存密度为 166.2 kJ-kg-1，在冬季环境温度为 10 °C 的情况下可持续加热 30.5 分钟。此外，在夏季环境温度和制冷温度分别约为 30 ℃ 和 2 ℃ 的情况下，COPref 保持在 0.589，可持续进行 58.5 分钟的室内制冷。这种对环境温度的超强适应能力可以有效调节城市建筑的舒适度。我们的工作为用太阳能取代城市建筑热管理中使用的传统化石燃料提供了一条前景广阔的零碳途径。

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引用次数: 0

Responding to “city cooling action”: Assessing and visualizing community-level urban park cooling service performance in Nanjing, China 响应 "城市降温行动"：中国南京社区级城市公园降温服务绩效评估与可视化

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105876

Zhengyuan Liang , Hongze Liu , Wanyun Zhou , Moyan Wang , Zhijia Wei , Zhengxi Fan , Zhiming Li

Although previous studies have confirmed the urban park cooling effects (UPCE), it is unclear how their cooling services are connected to and equitably distributed among users. In response to the "urban cooling action" in cities across China, this study links the cooling intensity and multimodal Ga2SFCA (MM-Ga2SFCA) to develop a methodology framework to assess the community-level urban park cooling service performance (UPCSP) per capita. Taking the highly urbanized Nanjing central districts (NCDs) as an example, the main conclusions are: (1) The average cooling magnitude of 200 parks on August 12, 2022, September 18, 2021 and October 4, 2021 was 2.22 °C; the average maximum cooling scale (MCS), maximum cooling efficiency (MCE), cumulative cooling intensity (CCI) and cumulative cooling gradient (CCG) were 41.29 ha, 2.99 times, 89.41 °C*m² and 0.70 °C, respectively. (2) The average comprehensive service performance of 545 communities within 5, 10, and 15 min were 117.97 °C*m², 212.04 °C*m², and 264.83 °C*m², respectively. (3) The spatial differences of UPCSP were mainly affected by the spatial layout of urban parks and their internal and external physical environments. These findings can provide useful implications for improving and balancing the UPCSP among communities.

尽管之前的研究已经证实了城市公园的降温效应（UPCE），但其降温服务如何与用户联系并在用户之间公平分配尚不清楚。针对中国城市中的 "城市降温行动"，本研究将降温强度和多模式Ga2SFCA（MM-Ga2SFCA）联系起来，建立了一个评估社区级城市公园人均降温服务绩效（UPCSP）的方法框架。以高度城市化的南京市中心城区（NCDs）为例，主要结论如下(1）2022 年 8 月 12 日、2021 年 9 月 18 日和 2021 年 10 月 4 日，200 个公园的平均降温幅度为 2.22℃；平均最大降温尺度（MCS）、最大降温效率（MCE）、累积降温强度（CCI）和累积降温梯度（CCG）分别为 41.29 公顷、2.99 倍、89.41℃*m2 和 0.70℃。(2）545 个社区在 5 分钟、10 分钟和 15 分钟内的平均综合服务性能分别为 117.97℃*m2、212.04℃*m2 和 264.83℃*m2。(3) UPCSP 的空间差异主要受城市公园的空间布局及其内外部自然环境的影响。这些发现为改善和平衡社区间的 UPCSP 提供了有益的启示。

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引用次数: 0

Longitudinal association between urban blue-green space exposure and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of exposure types and buffers 城市蓝绿空间暴露与死亡率之间的纵向联系：关于暴露类型和缓冲区的系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105901

Xingcan Zhou , Kojiro Sho , Hongfei Qiu , Shenglin Chang , Qingya Cen

Exposure to urban blue-green space¹ (UBGS) affects human health, but how to integrate long-term exposure to guide the measurement and intervention of UBGS remains unclear. We aimed to synthesize the latest evidence from longitudinal cohort studies on the association between objectively measured UBGS exposure and mortality, highlighting differences in health effect sizes across exposure types and buffers. We systematically reviewed articles published through January 2024 from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus and conducted a meta-analysis of the longitudinal associations between exposure and mortality in 21 studies involving 28,700,187 participants from 14 countries with a median follow-up of 10.3 years. Quantitative assessment indicated that the normalized difference vegetation index from satellite data and the green proportion from land use or land cover were protective against all-cause mortality: the former had a significantly larger effect size (per 0.1-unit increase, pooled HR 95 % CI: 0.97, 0.96–0.98) and showed the greatest effect at 500 m compared with the ≤300 m and ≥1000 m buffers. UBGS exposure had a more pronounced protective effect on respiratory mortality than on all-cause, circulatory, and cancer mortality, with opposite trends across buffer sizes. The findings were primarily for green space, as studies on blue space were limited in number and included varied metrics. Although the hazard ratios were fully adjusted for sociodemographic covariates and buffered subgroup analysis was conducted, residual confounding cannot be completely excluded. Further research should focus on differences in exposure types, especially blue spaces, analyze potential mechanisms, and validate the findings across different geographical contexts.

暴露于城市蓝绿空间1 （UBGS）会影响人类健康，但如何整合长期暴露以指导 UBGS 的测量和干预仍不清楚。我们旨在综合纵向队列研究中关于客观测量的 UBGS 暴露与死亡率之间关系的最新证据，突出不同暴露类型和缓冲区对健康影响大小的差异。我们系统地查阅了 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Scopus 上截至 2024 年 1 月发表的文章，并对 21 项研究中暴露与死亡率之间的纵向关系进行了荟萃分析，这些研究涉及来自 14 个国家的 28,700,187 名参与者，中位随访时间为 10.3 年。定量评估表明，卫星数据中的归一化差异植被指数和土地利用或土地覆盖中的绿色比例对全因死亡率具有保护作用：前者的效应规模明显更大（每增加 0.1 个单位，集合 HR 95 % CI：0.97，0.96-0.98），与≤300 米和≥1000 米缓冲区相比，500 米处的效应最大。与全因死亡率、循环系统死亡率和癌症死亡率相比，UBGS 暴露对呼吸系统死亡率的保护作用更为明显，不同缓冲区大小的趋势相反。这些研究结果主要针对绿地，因为有关蓝地的研究数量有限，而且包括不同的指标。虽然对社会人口协变量对危险比进行了充分调整，并进行了缓冲亚组分析，但仍不能完全排除残余混杂因素。进一步的研究应关注暴露类型（尤其是蓝地）的差异，分析潜在的机制，并在不同的地理环境中验证研究结果。

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引用次数: 0

A new integrated system for carbon capture and clean hydrogen production for sustainable societal utilization 碳捕获和清洁制氢新集成系统，促进可持续社会利用

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105899

Mert Temiz, Ibrahim Dincer

Both hydrogen production and carbon dioxide removal are considered in this study as two of the critical pieces to achieve the ultimate sustainability target. This study proposes and investigates a new variation of potassium hydroxide thermochemical cycle in order to combine hydrogen production and carbon dioxide removal synergistically. An alkali metal redox thermochemical cycle is developed to utilize the potassium hydroxide uniquely through a nonequilibrium reaction. Also, the multigeneration options are explored by employing two-stage steam Rankine cycle, multi-effect distillation desalination, and Li-Br absorption chiller, which is integrated with potassium hydroxide thermochemical cycle for hydrogen production, carbon capture, power generation, water desalination, and cooling purposes. A comparative assessment under different scenarios is carried out. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the hydrogen production thermochemical cycle are found to be 44.2 % and 67.66 % when the hydrogen generation reaction is carried out at 180 °C and the separation reactor temperature is set at 400 °C. Among the multigeneration scenarios considered, a trigeneration option for producing hydrogen, power and freshwater provides the highest energy efficiency as 66.02 %.

本研究将制氢和去除二氧化碳作为实现最终可持续发展目标的两个关键环节。本研究提出并研究了氢氧化钾热化学循环的新变化，以便将制氢和去除二氧化碳协同结合起来。研究开发了碱金属氧化还原热化学循环，通过非平衡反应独特地利用氢氧化钾。此外，还通过采用两级蒸汽朗肯循环、多效蒸馏海水淡化和锂硼吸收冷却器探索了多发电方案，这些方案与氢氧化钾热化学循环相结合，可用于制氢、碳捕获、发电、海水淡化和冷却。对不同方案进行了比较评估。当制氢反应在 180 °C 下进行，分离反应器温度设定在 400 °C 时，制氢热化学循环的能效和放能效分别为 44.2 % 和 67.66 %。在考虑的多联产方案中，生产氢气、电力和淡水的三联产方案能效最高，为 66.02%。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing diurnal land surface temperature variations across landcover and local climate zones: Implications for urban planning and mitigation strategies on socio-economic factors 评估不同土地覆盖和当地气候带的昼夜地表温度变化：城市规划和减缓战略对社会经济因素的影响

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105880

Prathiba A. Palanisamy , Joanna Zawadzka , Kamal Jain , Stefania Bonafoni , Anuj Tiwari

Rising temperatures and rapid urbanization globally reinforce the need to understand urban climates. We investigated the influence of land cover and local climate zones (LCZs) on diurnal land surface temperature (LST) in various seasons in greater Delhi region, India, and their implications on socio-economic factors. Day LST was the highest in the summer and night LST in the monsoon, which also had the lowest diurnal differences in LST. Higher height and density of built-up features contributed to greater heat at night. During the day, open built-up and vegetated areas experienced relatively less heat than their compact equivalents. The lowest diurnal difference was in medium height compact urban zones and tall vegetation. Social inequity in access to urban cooling was indicated by large low-income and heat-vulnerable populations inhabiting the hottest LCZs. This research highlighted that even in semi-arid and subtropical climates, spatial planning policy should consider both the seasonality and diurnal differences in temperature as much as appropriate morphologies for design of thermally comfortable and climate resilient urban spaces. These policies should address the evidenced social inequities in heat exposure to reduce the adverse health impacts on vulnerable groups and therefore contribute to wider societal and economic benefits of healthier populations.

全球气温不断升高，城市化进程不断加快，因此更有必要了解城市气候。我们研究了印度大德里地区土地覆被和当地气候带（LCZs）在不同季节对昼夜陆地表面温度（LST）的影响及其对社会经济因素的影响。夏季的昼间地表温度最高，季风季节的夜间地表温度最高，同时季风季节的昼夜地表温度差异也最小。建筑物的高度和密度越高，夜间的热量越高。在白天，开阔的建筑密集区和植被覆盖区的热量相对较低。中等高度的紧凑型城市区域和高植被区域的昼夜温差最小。在最炎热的低密度区居住着大量低收入和易受高温影响的人群，这表明在获得城市冷却方面存在着社会不平等。这项研究强调，即使在半干旱和亚热带气候条件下，空间规划政策也应考虑温度的季节性和昼夜温差，以及适当的形态，以设计热舒适和气候适应性强的城市空间。这些政策应解决有证据表明的热暴露方面的社会不平等问题，以减少对弱势群体的不利健康影响，从而为更健康的人口带来更广泛的社会和经济效益。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the cooling potential of green roofs for mitigating diurnal heat island intensity by utilizing Lidar and Artificial Neural Network 利用激光雷达和人工神经网络探索屋顶绿化在缓解昼夜热岛强度方面的冷却潜力

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105893

Abdulla Al Kafy, Kelley A. Crews, Amy E. Thompson

Urban areas frequently exhibit higher elevated temperatures than their rural counterparts due to the prevalence of structures over natural resources, a phenomenon known as daytime surface urban heat island (DSUHI). This study simulates the cooling effects of green roofs (GR) for mitigating DSUHI by utilizing 2D and 3D urban morphological parameters over downtown Austin, Texas, USA. We estimated spectral indices using Landsat 8, Sentinel-2A, and Lidar data to include built-up, vegetation, waterbodies, daytime land surface temperature (DLST), buildings (height volume and density), sky view factor (SVF), and solar radiation (SR). Finally, we integrated eleven different neural network algorithms for GR simulation, validation, and correlation between DLST and the above urban features- the strongest model generated an R² of 0.783 and an RMSE of 0.925°F. We found converting 4.2% of the total rooftop area to GR resulted in an average DLST decrease of 2.80°F. The most significant cooling effects occurred with buildings heights between 13 and 28 m, high SVFs, SR, and closer proximity to water bodies. Our findings amplify the strategic importance of GRs in urban morphology and planning, guiding green infrastructure development to mitigate and foster urban environment sustainability.

由于建筑物多于自然资源，城市地区的气温经常高于农村地区，这种现象被称为日间地表城市热岛（DSUHI）。本研究利用美国德克萨斯州奥斯汀市中心的二维和三维城市形态参数，模拟了绿色屋顶（GR）的冷却效果，以缓解 DSUHI。我们利用 Landsat 8、Sentinel-2A 和激光雷达数据估算了光谱指数，包括建筑、植被、水体、白天地表温度 (DLST)、建筑物（高度体积和密度）、天空视角系数 (SVF) 和太阳辐射 (SR)。最后，我们整合了 11 种不同的神经网络算法，对 DLST 和上述城市特征进行 GR 模拟、验证和相关性分析，其中最强的模型产生的 R2 为 0.783，RMSE 为 0.925°F。我们发现，将屋顶总面积的 4.2% 转换为 GR 后，DLST 平均下降了 2.80°F。建筑物高度在 13 米至 28 米之间、高 SVF、SR 以及更靠近水体时，降温效果最为明显。我们的研究结果提高了全球降温系统在城市形态和规划中的战略重要性，指导绿色基础设施的发展，以缓解和促进城市环境的可持续性。

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引用次数: 0