International Journal of Paleopathology最新文献_第3页

Evidence of interpersonal violence through nasal fractures in Late Holocene Southern Patagonia 晚全新世南巴塔哥尼亚地区鼻腔骨折的人际暴力证据。

IF 1.5 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.07.002

Manuel Domingo D´Angelo del Campo , Bruno M. Magalhães , Felipe Otero , G. Lorena L’Heureux , Nora V. Franco , Ramiro Barberena , Laura Medialdea , Marta Alfonso-Durruty , Luis A. Borrero

Objective

To analyse the prevalence of nasal fracture among individuals from Southern Patagonia and to identify nasal fracture patterns that may reflect interpersonal violence at the population level, differentiating between pre- and post-contact periods.

Material

98 adults (males and females) dated to the Late Holocene period (4200 B.P.– present) from all Southern Patagonia ecogeographic subregions.

Methods

Facial bones were macroscopically examined for side of the fracture, direction of the deviation of the nasal bones and/or frontal processes of the maxilla, type of fracture (e.g. transverse, longitudinal), presence/absence of other facial fractures, and bone remodelling.

Results

Nasal fractures were identified in fifteen individuals (15.3 %), and were more frequent in males, particularly those from the Estrecho de Magallanes region. Comparisons revealed a significantly higher frequency among pre-contact individuals (23.8 % vs. 2.6 %; p = 0.0184).

Conclusions

This study documents the highest frequency of nasal fracture reported to date in South America’s bioarcheological record. Contrary to expectations, pre-contact individuals had a significantly higher frequency, suggesting a possible shift in violence dynamics following foreign contact.

Significance

This study provides insight into patterns of violence potentially linked to changes in pre and post-colonial life in Southern Patagonia and represents one of the first population-level biocultural approaches to interpersonal violence in the region.

Limitations

Analyses are limited due to the reduced number of individuals by sex, subregion, subsistence strategy, and period. Comparisons are hindered by the methodological heterogeneity of other studies on interpersonal violence in Patagonia and South America.

目的：分析南巴塔哥尼亚个体鼻骨折的患病率，并识别可能反映人群层面人际暴力的鼻骨折模式，区分接触前后时期。资料：来自南巴塔哥尼亚生态地理分区的98具成虫（男性和女性），年代为全新世晚期（4200 B.P.至今）。方法：对面骨进行宏观检查，包括骨折的侧面、鼻骨和/或上颌骨额突偏离的方向、骨折类型（如横向、纵向）、有无其他面骨骨折以及骨重建。结果：鼻腔骨折15例（15.3 %），男性更常见，尤其是来自Estrecho de Magallanes地区的男性。比较显示，接触前个体的频率显著更高(23.8 % vs. 2.6 %； = 0.0184页)。结论：本研究记录了迄今为止在南美洲生物考古记录中报道的鼻部骨折的最高频率。与预期相反，接触前的个体的频率明显更高，这表明在与外国接触后，暴力动态可能会发生变化。意义：该研究提供了对南巴塔哥尼亚殖民前后生活变化的潜在暴力模式的见解，并代表了该地区第一个人口层面的人际暴力生物文化方法之一。局限性：由于按性别、分区域、生存策略和时期划分的个体数量减少，分析受到限制。巴塔哥尼亚和南美洲其他关于人际暴力的研究方法的异质性阻碍了比较。

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引用次数: 0

Do the regions of the spinal column record stress differently? An analysis of diminished growth in the vertebral neural canal 脊柱区域记录的应力是否不同？椎神经管生长减少的分析

IF 1.5 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.07.004

Jennifer S. Nelson , Emily Holland , Lesley Harrington , Hugo F.V. Cardoso

Objective

This study explores the validity of the focus on lumbar vertebral neural canal (VNC) diameters as a non-specific stress indicator by comparing evidence of diminished growth between vertebral regions.

Materials

Cervical, thoracic, and lumbar VNC diameters were measured from 29 children (3–18 years) from the Certosa collection, a documented late 19th century skeletal assemblage.

Methods

Z-scores were calculated for each individual vertebra using published anterior-posterior (APD) and transverse (TRD) vertebral diameters obtained from radiographic images of living children. Differences in mean APD and TRD z-scores between vertebral regions were assessed using Repeated Measures ANOVA.

Results

Cervical TRD growth reduction was significantly greater than in the lumbar (p ≤ 0.001) and thoracic regions (p ≤ 0.001), which did not differ significantly (p = 0.524). Mean lumbar APD values were lower than cervical values, but not significantly (F[1,20]=2.259, p = 0.148).

Conclusions

Contrary to current methodological practices, cervical vertebrae TRD showed more diminished growth than thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, while analysis of cervical APD indicates that these vertebrae may be as informative about non-specific stress as lumbar vertebrae.

Significance

An exclusionary focus on lumbar vertebrae could overlook growth insults recorded by the earlier developing cervical vertebrae. This article demonstrates the benefit of reevaluating past research and methodological practices in paleopathology.

Limitations

The use of comparative data from living children may not be applicable to growth in non-surviving children. Magnification may impact the comparability of data from radiographs with manual measurements.

Suggestions for Further Research

Future research using comparative data from magnification-free sources and including the thoracic APD is advised.

目的本研究通过比较椎体区域间生长减少的证据，探讨腰椎神经管（VNC）直径作为非特异性应激指标的有效性。材料测量了来自Certosa收集的29名儿童（3-18岁）的颈椎、胸椎和腰椎的VNC直径，Certosa收集了19世纪晚期的骨骼组合。方法采用活体儿童x线影像公布的椎体前后径（APD）和横向径（TRD）计算每个椎体的z -score。采用重复测量方差分析（Repeated Measures ANOVA）评估椎体区域间平均APD和TRD z-score的差异。结果颈椎TRD生长减少显著大于腰椎（p ≤ 0.001）和胸椎（p ≤ 0.001），差异无统计学意义（p = 0.524）。腰椎APD平均值低于颈椎APD平均值，但差异无统计学意义（F[1,20]=2.259, p = 0.148）。与目前的方法实践相反，颈椎TRD比胸椎和腰椎表现出更多的生长减少，而颈椎APD的分析表明，这些椎骨可能与腰椎一样提供非特异性应激的信息。对腰椎的排除性关注可能忽略了早期发育的颈椎所记录的生长损伤。这篇文章展示了在古病理学中重新评估过去的研究和方法实践的好处。使用在世儿童的比较数据可能不适用于非在世儿童的生长情况。放大率可能会影响x光片数据与人工测量数据的可比性。进一步研究建议建议未来的研究使用非放大源的比较数据并包括胸部APD。

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引用次数: 0

The ivy and the palm: Care and mourning for a child buried in 19th-century Madrid, Spain 常青藤和棕榈树：19世纪西班牙马德里埋葬的一个孩子的关怀和哀悼

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.07.003

Luis Ríos , Berta Martínez , Almudena García-Rubio , Francisco Etxeberria , Mercedes González , María Paz de Miguel Ibañéz , Virginia Valcárcel Núñez

Objective

To evaluate indicators of care and symbolism in a mid-19th-century child burial.

Materials

Mummified human remains, a medical bandage, remnants of plants and clothing.

Methods

Dental radiography, scanning electron microscopy, botanical identification, clothing description, a review of funerary iconography.

Results

A dental age between 5.5 and 6.5 years and a female sex were estimated. The bandage on the left arm contained a metal plate composed of copper and zinc, and an ivy leaf (genus Hedera). A palm branch (Phoenix dactylifera) was placed in the coffin, and the corpse was dressed in blue clothing.

Conclusions

The bandage combines traditional knowledge (Hedera leaf) and contemporaneous recommendations from medical texts (metal plate) and represents a case of care of a child in mid-19th-century Madrid. The blue clothing and braided palm branch represent a Christian codified mourning for her death.

Significance

Evaluating funerary objects alongside skeletal remains has provided insight into ways in which traditional medical treatment, alongside current religious symbolism was intertwined to provide care and to mourn for a 19th-century child.

Limitations

Preservation concerns and time constraints due to reburial precluded a complete study of the remains, and the type of ivy leaf (fertile) limits identification at the species level.

Suggestions for further research

A review of plant use in the funerary and paleopathological record during the Early Modern Period.

目的评价19世纪中期儿童葬礼的关怀和象征意义。材料：木乃伊化的人类遗骸、医用绷带、残留的植物和衣物。方法牙科x线摄影，扫描电镜，植物鉴定，服装描述，回顾丧葬肖像。结果牙龄在5.5 ~ 6.5岁之间，性别为女性。左臂上的绷带包含一个由铜和锌组成的金属板和一片常春藤叶子（Hedera属）。棺材里放着一根棕榈枝，尸体穿着蓝色的衣服。绷带结合了传统知识（海德拉叶）和当代医学文献（金属板）的建议，代表了19世纪中期马德里一个儿童的护理案例。蓝色的衣服和编织的棕榈枝代表了基督教对她的死亡的哀悼。对随葬品和骨骼遗骸进行评估，可以让我们深入了解到，传统的医学治疗和当前的宗教象征是如何交织在一起的，以提供照顾和哀悼一个19世纪的孩子。限制：由于对保存的担忧和重新埋葬的时间限制，阻碍了对遗存的完整研究，而常春藤叶（可育）的类型限制了在物种水平上的鉴定。对进一步研究的建议：植物在近现代早期丧葬和古病理记录中的应用综述。

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引用次数: 0

Focus-stacked, ultra-macro photography: A tool for analysis, diagnosis and recording in bioarchaeology 聚焦叠加、超微距摄影：生物考古学中分析、诊断和记录的工具

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.07.001

David Bennett-Jones

Objective

This study assesses the potential role of focus-stacked, ultra-macro photography in the differential diagnosis of pathological conditions in human skeletal remains.

Materials

1. A segment of calcified artery from the remains of a medieval cleric from Staffordshire, UK. 2. The skeletal remains of an eight-year-old child with active rickets from mid-19th century London. 3. Skeletal remains of a Romano-British neonate from Buckinghamshire, UK.

Methods

A microscope objective lens was attached, via an extension tube and relay lens, to a digital camera on a motorised focus-stacking rail. Photographs of skeletal elements and calcified arteries were taken at progressively close focal distance, and processed digitally to generate a single, fully focused image.

Results

On-screen magnification of up to ∼Χ1000 is achievable, permitting visualisation of bone modelling units (osteoclastic pits) and osteonal lamellae. The highly magnified images of skeletal remains reveal physiological and pathological changes which are undetectable with conventional macroscopic examination.

Conclusion

Ultra-macro photography facilitates the biological model of differential diagnosis in bioarchaeology and contributes to revised interpretation.

Significance

Focus-stacked photography, using microscope objective lenses, is an inexpensive and practical method for detecting, analysing and recording physiological and pathological change in skeletal remains.

Limitations

Images from only three individuals were evaluated in this study.

Suggestions for further research

Further studies are needed to control for illumination, presentation of contour and accuracy of colour reproduction.

目的探讨聚焦叠加超显微摄影在人体骨骼病变鉴别诊断中的潜在作用。英国斯塔福德郡一位中世纪牧师遗骸上的一段钙化动脉。2. 19世纪中期的伦敦，一名患有活动性佝偻病的8岁儿童的骨骼残骸。英国白金汉郡罗马-英国新生儿的骨骼残骸。方法将显微镜物镜通过延长管和转接镜头连接到数码相机上，置于电动叠焦导轨上。骨骼元素和钙化动脉的照片是在逐渐接近焦距的情况下拍摄的，并经过数字处理，生成一个单一的、完全聚焦的图像。结果可实现高达Χ1000的屏幕放大，允许可视化骨模型单元（破骨窝）和骨片层。高度放大的骨骼图像显示了常规宏观检查无法检测到的生理和病理变化。结论微距摄影有助于生物考古鉴别诊断的生物学模型，有助于修订解释。利用显微镜物镜进行叠焦摄影，是一种廉价、实用的检测、分析和记录遗骸生理和病理变化的方法。局限性：本研究仅评估了三个个体的图像。对进一步研究的建议：需要进一步研究照明控制、轮廓呈现和色彩再现的准确性。

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引用次数: 0

Archival pasts and futures in paleopathology 古病理学档案的过去和未来

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.06.001

Alanna L. Warner-Smith , Celia Emmelhainz , Sabrina B. Sholts

Objective

This article reviews the role of archival data in past studies and considers their role in the discipline’s future.

Materials

Partial skeletal remains of a woman from the Huntington Anatomical Collection (1893–1921) at the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) in Washington, DC; collections records and archives from the National Anthropological Archives (NAA) at NMNH; death and almshouse records from the New York City Municipal Archives.

Methods

Skeletal remains were macroscopically observed. Death and almshouse records were transcribed.

Results

The observed shoulder dislocation is analyzed alongside archival texts and is interpreted in relation to gender, industrial labor, trans-Atlantic immigration, and health care.

Conclusions

Integrating skeletal and archival data results in greater contextualization of skeletal pathology, recentering personhood. Incorporating archival datasets raises important questions related to access and restriction. Greater collaboration between archivists, bioarchaeologists, osteologists, and descendant communities or communities of care will be necessary to navigate these emerging questions.

Significance

The reinterpretation of the shoulder injury through archival texts offers an example of paleopathological analysis informed by social and humanist bioarchaeology. The use of archives raises important questions related to stewardship and care of both human remains and archives related to human remains.

Limitations

Not all paleopathological cases have associated archival documents. The case presented here does not demonstrate how to integrate archival data with population-level skeletal data.

Further Research

Archival datasets will play a crucial role in the future of paleopathology; however, methodological, institutional, and ethical concerns that they raise will require collaborations between paleopathologists and archivists.

目的本文回顾了档案资料在过去研究中的作用，并考虑了它们在学科未来的作用。材料：华盛顿特区国家自然历史博物馆（NMNH）的亨廷顿解剖收藏（1893-1921）中一名女性的部分骨骼遗骸；NMNH国家人类学档案馆（NAA）的收藏记录和档案；纽约市市政档案馆的死亡和救济记录方法对骨骸进行宏观观察。死亡和救济记录都被抄录了。结果观察到的肩关节脱位与档案文献一起分析，并解释了与性别、工业劳动、跨大西洋移民和医疗保健的关系。结论骨骼和档案资料的整合有助于骨骼病理的语境化，重新定位人格。合并档案数据集提出了与访问和限制相关的重要问题。档案工作者、生物考古学家、骨学家和后代社区或护理社区之间的更大合作将是解决这些新出现的问题所必需的。通过档案文本对肩部损伤的重新解释提供了一个由社会和人文主义生物考古学提供信息的古病理学分析的例子。档案的使用提出了与人类遗骸和与人类遗骸有关的档案的管理和护理有关的重要问题。局限性：并非所有的古病理学病例都有相关的档案文件。这里介绍的案例没有演示如何将档案数据与人口级别的骨骼数据集成。进一步研究charchival数据集将在未来的古病理学中发挥至关重要的作用；然而，他们提出的方法、制度和伦理问题需要古病理学家和档案学家之间的合作。

{"title":"Archival pasts and futures in paleopathology","authors":"Alanna L. Warner-Smith , Celia Emmelhainz , Sabrina B. Sholts","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This article reviews the role of archival data in past studies and considers their role in the discipline’s future.</div></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><div>Partial skeletal remains of a woman from the Huntington Anatomical Collection (1893–1921) at the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) in Washington, DC; collections records and archives from the National Anthropological Archives (NAA) at NMNH; death and almshouse records from the New York City Municipal Archives.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Skeletal remains were macroscopically observed. Death and almshouse records were transcribed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The observed shoulder dislocation is analyzed alongside archival texts and is interpreted in relation to gender, industrial labor, trans-Atlantic immigration, and health care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Integrating skeletal and archival data results in greater contextualization of skeletal pathology, recentering personhood. Incorporating archival datasets raises important questions related to access and restriction. Greater collaboration between archivists, bioarchaeologists, osteologists, and descendant communities or communities of care will be necessary to navigate these emerging questions.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The reinterpretation of the shoulder injury through archival texts offers an example of paleopathological analysis informed by social and humanist bioarchaeology. The use of archives raises important questions related to stewardship and care of both human remains and archives related to human remains.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Not all paleopathological cases have associated archival documents. The case presented here does not demonstrate how to integrate archival data with population-level skeletal data.</div></div><div><h3>Further Research</h3><div>Archival datasets will play a crucial role in the future of paleopathology; however, methodological, institutional, and ethical concerns that they raise will require collaborations between paleopathologists and archivists.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endemic congenital iodine deficiency syndrome from a 19th to 20th century poorhouse cemetery in Riggisberg, Switzerland 19至20世纪瑞士里吉斯堡济贫院墓地的地方性先天性缺碘综合症

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.06.004

Christine Cooper , Florian Keller , Amelie Alterauge , Sandra Lösch

Objective

To identify and describe skeletal remains showing features consistent with congenital iodine deficiency syndrome (CIDS), also known as "cretinism" and to explore whether this condition may have been underdiagnosed or if it is underrepresented in archaeological skeletal assemblages.

Materials

121 adult skeletons from the 19th/20th century former Riggisberg poorhouse cemetery.

Methods

The remains were studied macroscopically using standard osteological methods for the estimation of age, sex and stature.

Results

Features typical of CIDS were detected in four individuals, and for another six, we consider it a highly consistent diagnosis. The review of palaeopathological data from a comparative sample of 2314 archaeological skeletons revealed an underrepresentation of individuals with CIDS but also clues that previously undiagnosed cases may exist.

Conclusions

We suggest that an underrepresentation in the archaeological record of endemic regions may be due to increased childhood mortality of affected individuals, difficulties in diagnosing this condition in immature skeletal remains, and – at least in the modern period – frequent institutionalization and burial in specific cemeteries belonging the institutions.

Significance

Several new cases of CIDS increase the small body of known affected remains and add to the knowledge about its skeletal manifestations. This study contributes to the differential diagnosis of a nearly eradicated disease and to its assessment in past populations.

Limitations

Incompletely preserved skeletons limited the assessment and diagnosis.

Suggestions for further research

Further intensive review and precise assessment of skeletons is advised to explain archaeological underrepresentation of diseases.

目的鉴定和描述显示先天性碘缺乏综合征（CIDS）特征的骨骼遗骸，也被称为“克汀病”，并探讨这种疾病是否可能被诊断不足，或者是否在考古骨骼组合中代表性不足。材料：来自19 /20世纪前里吉斯堡济贫院墓地的121具成人骨骼。方法采用标准的骨学方法对遗骨进行宏观研究，估计其年龄、性别和身高。结果在4个个体中检测到典型的CIDS特征，另外6个个体，我们认为这是一个高度一致的诊断。对来自2314个考古骨骼比较样本的古病理学数据的回顾显示，CIDS患者的代表性不足，但也有线索表明，以前未诊断的病例可能存在。我们认为，在流行地区的考古记录中，代表性不足可能是由于受影响个体的儿童死亡率增加，在未成熟的骨骼遗骸中诊断这种疾病的困难，以及-至少在现代时期-频繁的机构和埋葬在属于机构的特定墓地。意义：几例新的CIDS病例增加了已知受累遗骸的小体，增加了对其骨骼表现的认识。本研究有助于一种几乎被根除的疾病的鉴别诊断及其在过去人群中的评估。保存完整的骨骼限制了评估和诊断。对进一步研究的建议建议对骨骼进行进一步深入的审查和精确的评估，以解释考古学上对疾病的代表性不足。

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引用次数: 0

Gastrointestinal parasites in a single human burial from Argentine Patagonia during the 18th-19th-century Indigenous–European Contact Period 18 -19世纪欧洲土著接触时期，在阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚发现的一具人类墓葬中的胃肠道寄生虫

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.06.005

Eleonor Tietze , Leandro Zilio , Heidi Hammond , María Ornela Beltrame

Objective

This study aims to assess gastrointestinal parasitism in an adult Indigenous individual during the period of interaction between Indigenous hunter-gatherer groups and European populations in Patagonia.

Materials

A sediment sample was recovered from the pelvic region of a human burial at the Aguada del Barril archaeological site, dated to the 18th-19th centuries.

Methods

Approximately 5 g of sediment were rehydrated and processed using standard paleoparasitological techniques. The material was examined under light microscopy, and negative control samples were included for comparison.

Results

A total of 17 parasite eggs, representing 10 distinct species, were identified. All control slides tested negative for parasites.

Conclusions

These findings provide insight into the parasitic burden and health conditions of past populations, while also reflecting the intricate interactions between humans, domestic and wild animals, and their surrounding environment.

Significance

This case study contributes valuable data to the understanding of Indigenous lifeways in Patagonia during early colonial encounters. It also highlights the interpretative challenges posed by working with a single sediment sample, underscoring the need for broader sampling strategies to strengthen paleoparasitological inferences.

Limitations

Only a single sample was analyzed.

Suggestions for further research

This case underscores the importance of diversified sampling strategies to improve the resolution of paleoparasitological interpretation.

目的研究巴塔哥尼亚地区土著狩猎采集者与欧洲人相互作用期间成年个体胃肠道寄生情况。材料在Aguada del Barril考古遗址的一处人类墓葬的骨盆区域发现了一份沉积物样本，可追溯到18 -19世纪。方法采用标准古寄生虫学技术对约5 g的沉积物进行再水化处理。在光镜下检查材料，并包括阴性对照样品进行比较。结果共鉴定出10个不同种17个寄生虫卵。所有对照载玻片的寄生虫检测均为阴性。这些发现有助于深入了解过去种群的寄生负担和健康状况，同时也反映了人类、家畜和野生动物及其周围环境之间复杂的相互作用。本案例研究为了解早期殖民时期巴塔哥尼亚土著居民的生活方式提供了宝贵的数据。它还强调了使用单一沉积物样本所带来的解释挑战，强调需要更广泛的采样策略来加强古寄生虫学推断。局限性：只分析了一个样品。本案例强调了多样化采样策略对提高古寄生虫学解释分辨率的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Erratum to “A distant city: Assessing the impact of Dutch socioeconomic developments on urban and rural health using respiratory disease as a proxy” [Int. J. Paleopathol. 42 (2023) 34–45] “一个遥远的城市：评估荷兰社会经济发展对城市和农村健康的影响，使用呼吸系统疾病作为代理”[Int.][j].古生物学通报，2016,32(5):444 - 444。

IF 1.5 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.06.003

Maia Casna, Rachel Schats, Menno L.P. Hoogland, Sarah A. Schrader

引用次数: 0

Investigating wild bovines to assess pathological indicators of traction exploitation 对野生牛进行调查，评估牵引力剥削的病理指标

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.06.002

Fabienne Pigière, Danielle Schreve

Objective

This paper investigates the reliability of a set of pathologies in the lower limb bones for identifying the use of cattle for traction. The aim is to evaluate the impact of biological factors, in particular body weight, on the development of these pathologies.

Material

Autopodia from 37 Pleistocene (ie. pre-domestication) wild bovines, characterised by a heavy body weight and originating from areas of flat terrain, were studied.

Methods

Osteomorphological and osteometrical analyses of pathologies to distinguish draught and non-draught cattle were applied to the wild bovines.

Results

A positive correlation is recorded between the body weight and several pathologies: palmar depressions on metapodials, lipping of the proximal articulations of metapodials, proximal and medial phalanges, proximal exostoses of the proximal phalanx, proximal and distal exostoses of the metacarpal and the medial phalanx. A more intensive pathological development is recorded on the forelimbs compared to the hindlimbs.

Conclusions

Heavy body weight causes several pathologies previously related to non-biological factors, usually attributed to traction.

Significance

This research provides insights into the limitations and potential of existing published methods to identify draught cattle by documenting the influence of body weight on pathological changes.

Limitations

The impact of body weight was investigated by studying particularly robust wild bovines but sex and other biological factors could not be determined in Pleistocene fossils.

Suggestions for further research

The study of the aetiology of pathologies will benefit from further research on bovine assemblages with different demographic compositions and from animals living in areas with steep terrain.

目的探讨一组下肢骨病理诊断牛牵引的可靠性。目的是评估生物因素，特别是体重，对这些病理发展的影响。材料37更新世的自古猿(即。研究了以体重重、产自平坦地形地区为特征的驯化前野生牛。方法对野生牛进行病理形态学和骨计量学分析，以区分役畜和非役畜。结果体重与足跖掌部凹陷、足跖近端关节、近端指骨和内侧指骨唇部滑移、近端指骨近端外露、掌骨近端外露和内侧指骨外露呈正相关。与后肢相比，前肢的病理发展更为明显。结论体重过重引起的多种病理以往与非生物因素有关，多与牵引力有关。本研究通过记录体重对病理变化的影响，揭示了现有已发表方法的局限性和潜力。体重的影响是通过研究特别健壮的野生牛来研究的，但在更新世化石中无法确定性别和其他生物因素。对不同人口组成的牛群和生活在陡峭地形地区的牛群进行进一步的研究，将有助于进一步研究这些疾病的病因学。

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引用次数: 0

A tale of two disciplines: Differential approaches to teaching and recording pathology in human osteology and zooarchaeology 两个学科的故事：在人类骨学和动物考古学中教学和记录病理学的不同方法

IF 1.3 3区地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY

International Journal of Paleopathology

Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.05.002

Ellen Green

Objective

To provide a snapshot of the current differences in pathological analysis between human osteology and zooarchaeology.

Materials

A survey was posted on Bluesky Social, Twitter (X) and emailed to both the British Association of Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology (BABAO) and the Zooarchaeology JISC list-serve mailing lists. Eighty one survey responses were analysed for this study.

Methods

The survey comprised 12 questions assessing the level of education, attitudes towards pathological recording, and approaches to recording specific lesions amongst practitioners. The answers to these questions were split into two groups, zooarchaeologists and human osteologists and then compared.

Results

Human osteologists are more confident in their ability to both recognise and record pathology than zooarchaeologists. This aligns with their more frequent pathological analysis, as well as the greater amount of formal training on the subject in human osteology.

Conclusions

The greatest difference between the two disciplines is the amount of formal training, and this likely is one of the main causes of the lack of standardisation in zooarchaeology. While improvements are being made, it is necessary to further integrate pathological analysis into zooarchaeological courses.

Significance

This study provides a starting point for further development of both disciplines by identifying the current state of affairs.

Limitations

Survey data is always subjective, particularly when accessing long form answers. The sample size is small and it is also not ideal to judge lesion recording from photos, which can be difficult to access.

Suggestions for further research

A more comprehensive survey incorporating examples of taphonomic damage as well as a wider range of lesions would help to further illuminate the differences between the disciplines.

目的概述目前人类骨学与动物考古学在病理分析方面的差异。一项调查被发布在蓝天社会，推特(X)上，并通过电子邮件发送给英国生物人类学和骨考古学协会（BABAO）和动物考古学JISC列表服务邮件列表。本研究分析了81份调查回复。方法调查包括12个问题，评估从业人员的教育水平、对病理记录的态度和记录特定病变的方法。这些问题的答案被分成两组，动物考古学家和人类骨学家，然后进行比较。结果与动物考古学家相比，人类骨学家对自己识别和记录病理的能力更有信心。这与他们更频繁的病理分析，以及在人类骨学方面更多的正式培训相一致。结论两个学科之间最大的差异在于正规培训的数量，这可能是动物考古学缺乏标准化的主要原因之一。在不断改进的同时，有必要进一步将病理分析融入动物考古学课程。意义本研究通过认清现状，为这两个学科的进一步发展提供了一个起点。调查数据总是主观的，特别是在获取长篇答案时。样本量小，从照片中判断病变记录也不理想，难以获取。对进一步研究的建议一项更全面的调查，包括地名损伤的例子以及更广泛的病变，将有助于进一步阐明学科之间的差异。

{"title":"A tale of two disciplines: Differential approaches to teaching and recording pathology in human osteology and zooarchaeology","authors":"Ellen Green","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpp.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To provide a snapshot of the current differences in pathological analysis between human osteology and zooarchaeology.</div></div><div><h3>Materials</h3><div>A survey was posted on Bluesky Social, Twitter (X) and emailed to both the British Association of Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology (BABAO) and the Zooarchaeology JISC list-serve mailing lists. Eighty one survey responses were analysed for this study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The survey comprised 12 questions assessing the level of education, attitudes towards pathological recording, and approaches to recording specific lesions amongst practitioners. The answers to these questions were split into two groups, zooarchaeologists and human osteologists and then compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Human osteologists are more confident in their ability to both recognise and record pathology than zooarchaeologists. This aligns with their more frequent pathological analysis, as well as the greater amount of formal training on the subject in human osteology.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The greatest difference between the two disciplines is the amount of formal training, and this likely is one of the main causes of the lack of standardisation in zooarchaeology. While improvements are being made, it is necessary to further integrate pathological analysis into zooarchaeological courses.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study provides a starting point for further development of both disciplines by identifying the current state of affairs.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Survey data is always subjective, particularly when accessing long form answers. The sample size is small and it is also not ideal to judge lesion recording from photos, which can be difficult to access.</div></div><div><h3>Suggestions for further research</h3><div>A more comprehensive survey incorporating examples of taphonomic damage as well as a wider range of lesions would help to further illuminate the differences between the disciplines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48817,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paleopathology","volume":"50 ","pages":"Pages 19-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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