Frederike van Markus-Doornbosch, J. Meesters, G. Volker, Wil A Ijzereef, W. B. Hout, T. V. Vlieland, A. J. D. Kloet
BACKGROUND Persons with disabilities are at risk for unemployment with negative long-term consequences. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the process and outcomes of a novel vocational rehabilitation (VR) program based on the concept of mentorship. METHODS Observational, retrospective study including unemployed young adults with acquired brain injury (ABI) taking part in a VR program including assessment, training, individual counselling and mentor support from volunteering professionals. Adherence to the program and work status were registered and at follow-up all patients were invited to complete a general questionnaire and EuroQol 5D. RESULTS 49 patients started the program, with 41 completing the follow-up. Median age was 31 years and 19 were male. Median duration of the program was 8 months. At follow-up, 9 patients had acquired paid employment, 7 with the support of a mentor; 6 of whom were bothered by health problems at work. Nine patients left the program prematurely, with insufficient financial support for continuation being the primary reason for withdrawal (n = 6). CONCLUSIONS A VR program including a mentor may be a promising program for patients who are unemployed at onset of ABI. Lack of financial support to complete the program and concurrent health problems were found to hamper the process and outcomes of the program, respectively.
{"title":"The outcomes of a vocational rehabilitation and mentorship program in unemployed young adults with acquired brain injury.","authors":"Frederike van Markus-Doornbosch, J. Meesters, G. Volker, Wil A Ijzereef, W. B. Hout, T. V. Vlieland, A. J. D. Kloet","doi":"10.3233/WOR-210038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-210038","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Persons with disabilities are at risk for unemployment with negative long-term consequences.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000This study aimed to explore the process and outcomes of a novel vocational rehabilitation (VR) program based on the concept of mentorship.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000Observational, retrospective study including unemployed young adults with acquired brain injury (ABI) taking part in a VR program including assessment, training, individual counselling and mentor support from volunteering professionals. Adherence to the program and work status were registered and at follow-up all patients were invited to complete a general questionnaire and EuroQol 5D.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u000049 patients started the program, with 41 completing the follow-up. Median age was 31 years and 19 were male. Median duration of the program was 8 months. At follow-up, 9 patients had acquired paid employment, 7 with the support of a mentor; 6 of whom were bothered by health problems at work. Nine patients left the program prematurely, with insufficient financial support for continuation being the primary reason for withdrawal (n = 6).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000A VR program including a mentor may be a promising program for patients who are unemployed at onset of ABI. Lack of financial support to complete the program and concurrent health problems were found to hamper the process and outcomes of the program, respectively.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88299006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inmaculada Zango-Martín, Said Nafai, Sophia El Ouazzani, Jamal Derkaoui, E. Stevens-Nafai, N. Codern-Bové
BACKGROUND Across the global landscape, mental health care still exhibits challenges because of the lack of human and professional resources to face its consequences. In Morocco, mental health problems affect mainly adolescents and young adults, with a clear impact on functional engagement in their daily lives. Occupational therapy, as a holistic and person-centered practice, may be an ideal mental health strategy to promote health and well-being through occupation, thereby enabling individuals to participate in regular daily activities. OBJECTIVE To understand, from an intercultural perspective, the point of view of mental health professionals regarding the role and importance of occupation-based practices in Errazi Mental Health Hospital in Salé(Rabat) Morocco. METHOD A qualitative research design was used for this study. Data collection consisted of semi-structured interviews with 12 mental health care professionals (non-occupational therapists). These results were used to gain an understanding of their perspectives regarding the main role of human occupation in mental health services in Morocco, and to incorporate an intercultural outlook in terms of occupational therapy. Data analysis was conducted in three phases, by following the grounded theory methodology. RESULTS Two categories, "dimensions of occupation in Moroccan mental health" and "the interplay between traditional and western perspectives involving mental health" emerged from this research. Both categories included five subcategories. CONCLUSION This study identifies how occupation-based services in Moroccan mental health care require considering not only the cultural perspective of mental health, and the sociocultural meaning rooted in occupations, but also the relevance of incorporating a community-centered approach. Moreover, it discusses how occupational therapy education in Morocco must incorporate an intercultural perspective of the therapy's theory and practice.
{"title":"Understanding the role and importance of occupational therapy in mental health services in Morocco: Perspectives from mental health professionals.","authors":"Inmaculada Zango-Martín, Said Nafai, Sophia El Ouazzani, Jamal Derkaoui, E. Stevens-Nafai, N. Codern-Bové","doi":"10.3233/WOR-213644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-213644","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Across the global landscape, mental health care still exhibits challenges because of the lack of human and professional resources to face its consequences. In Morocco, mental health problems affect mainly adolescents and young adults, with a clear impact on functional engagement in their daily lives. Occupational therapy, as a holistic and person-centered practice, may be an ideal mental health strategy to promote health and well-being through occupation, thereby enabling individuals to participate in regular daily activities.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To understand, from an intercultural perspective, the point of view of mental health professionals regarding the role and importance of occupation-based practices in Errazi Mental Health Hospital in Salé(Rabat) Morocco.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000A qualitative research design was used for this study. Data collection consisted of semi-structured interviews with 12 mental health care professionals (non-occupational therapists). These results were used to gain an understanding of their perspectives regarding the main role of human occupation in mental health services in Morocco, and to incorporate an intercultural outlook in terms of occupational therapy. Data analysis was conducted in three phases, by following the grounded theory methodology.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Two categories, \"dimensions of occupation in Moroccan mental health\" and \"the interplay between traditional and western perspectives involving mental health\" emerged from this research. Both categories included five subcategories.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000This study identifies how occupation-based services in Moroccan mental health care require considering not only the cultural perspective of mental health, and the sociocultural meaning rooted in occupations, but also the relevance of incorporating a community-centered approach. Moreover, it discusses how occupational therapy education in Morocco must incorporate an intercultural perspective of the therapy's theory and practice.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78271425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic brought about restrictions, additional workload, insecurity, or need for inventing new routines for professionals worldwide. The pandemic and its restrictions have been discussed as a career shock. OBJECTIVE Adding knowledge to this, our study investigated the academic and family (care) situation of young scientists in a German technical university. METHODS We conducted an online survey including young scientists from a technical university in Germany in April 2021. 346 participants (mean age 33 years, 37% women) gave self-ratings on academic and life situation during the pandemic year, care work, preferences for scientific career and family life. RESULTS Family and career were independent priorities (r = 0.021, p = 0.676). Two thirds (68%) of the young scientists reported no deterioration in scientific outcome during the pandefmic year. But, care times and number of children impacted negatively on scientific productivity in terms of publications. This was true for both women and men. CONCLUSIONS Young scientists need individual support for their career perspective, according to their concrete career level and life situation.
冠状病毒(COVID-19)大流行给世界各地的专业人员带来了限制、额外的工作量、不安全感，或者需要发明新的常规。这场大流行及其限制措施一直被视为职业冲击。目的调查德国某理工大学青年科技人员的学业和家庭(护理)状况。方法我们于2021年4月对德国某理工大学的青年科学家进行了在线调查。346名参与者(平均年龄33岁，37%为女性)对大流行年份的学业和生活状况、护理工作、对科学事业的偏好和家庭生活进行了自我评价。结果家庭和事业为独立优先级(r = 0.021, p = 0.676)。三分之二(68%)的青年科学家报告说，在大流行期间，科学成果没有恶化。但是，照顾孩子的时间和数量对发表论文的科学生产力产生了负面影响。这对男女都适用。结论青年科技工作者的职业前景需要根据其具体的职业水平和生活状况进行个性化支持。
{"title":"Children, care time, career priority -What matters for junior scientists' productivity and career perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic?","authors":"B. Muschalla, Anke Sondhof, Ulrike Wrobel","doi":"10.3233/WOR-211230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-211230","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic brought about restrictions, additional workload, insecurity, or need for inventing new routines for professionals worldwide. The pandemic and its restrictions have been discussed as a career shock.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000Adding knowledge to this, our study investigated the academic and family (care) situation of young scientists in a German technical university.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We conducted an online survey including young scientists from a technical university in Germany in April 2021. 346 participants (mean age 33 years, 37% women) gave self-ratings on academic and life situation during the pandemic year, care work, preferences for scientific career and family life.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Family and career were independent priorities (r = 0.021, p = 0.676). Two thirds (68%) of the young scientists reported no deterioration in scientific outcome during the pandefmic year. But, care times and number of children impacted negatively on scientific productivity in terms of publications. This was true for both women and men.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Young scientists need individual support for their career perspective, according to their concrete career level and life situation.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87773429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khosro Sadeghniat-Haghighi, Farzaneh Abbaslou, Seyed Akbar Sharifian, N. Izadi
BACKGROUND Shift work may be associated with insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the potential association between shift work and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index in professional drivers. METHOD A total of four hundred fifty-three professional drivers were invited to participate in the study within a periodic medical examination in the occupational setting. One hundred seventy-seven daytime workers were compared with 175 night shifts and 101 early morning shift drivers. Demographic, occupational, and medical examination including blood pressure, anthropometric data was assessed. Measurement of serum insulin, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were done for all drivers. RESULTS Compared with day workers, night shift and early morning shift drivers displayed higher levels of HOMA-IR. Metabolic syndrome was found to be significantly increased in night workers. In linear regression analysis, insulin resistance was correlated with shift work independently of demographic and occupational characteristics. CONCLUSION The study revealed that shift work could be a risk factor in developing the risk of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Suggestively, health strategies such as structured lifestyle counseling in occupational health settings are warranted to improve and modify cardiometabolic risk factors.
{"title":"Shift work and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) among professional drivers.","authors":"Khosro Sadeghniat-Haghighi, Farzaneh Abbaslou, Seyed Akbar Sharifian, N. Izadi","doi":"10.3233/WOR-210056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-210056","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Shift work may be associated with insulin resistance.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000This study aimed to investigate the potential association between shift work and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index in professional drivers.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHOD\u0000A total of four hundred fifty-three professional drivers were invited to participate in the study within a periodic medical examination in the occupational setting. One hundred seventy-seven daytime workers were compared with 175 night shifts and 101 early morning shift drivers. Demographic, occupational, and medical examination including blood pressure, anthropometric data was assessed. Measurement of serum insulin, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were done for all drivers.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Compared with day workers, night shift and early morning shift drivers displayed higher levels of HOMA-IR. Metabolic syndrome was found to be significantly increased in night workers. In linear regression analysis, insulin resistance was correlated with shift work independently of demographic and occupational characteristics.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The study revealed that shift work could be a risk factor in developing the risk of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. Suggestively, health strategies such as structured lifestyle counseling in occupational health settings are warranted to improve and modify cardiometabolic risk factors.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90086963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ramadan, Sultan N Al-Tayyar, Mohammed H. Alhaag, A. T. Soliman, A. E. Abdelgawad
BACKGROUND Unsuitable schoolbags may stress the spine and promote poor body posture, particularly for school students. Global recommendations have suggested that schoolbag weight must not exceed 10% of a healthy student's body mass, which would need continuous monitoring and enforcement. OBJECTIVES The present study presents a comparison between an ergonomically designed schoolbag, which helps reduce the potential effects of carrying a load, and a commercial one. METHODS A total of 30 healthy male students were recruited for this experiment. Independent variables determined were schoolbag type (ergonomically designed and commercial schoolbags) and three load levels based on body mass percentage (i.e., 10%, 15%, and 20% of body mass). Heart rate variability (HRV) and body discomfort rating were then measured. RESULTS Our results showed that the developed schoolbag promoted enhanced subjective measures and HRV response at 15% and 20% of body mass. Participants who wore the developed schoolbags experienced significantly lesser neck, shoulder, upper and lower trunk discomfort than those who wore the traditional ones. Changing the load percentage from 10% to 15% caused an increase in heart rate among participants carrying a commercial schoolbag but a decrease in heart rate among those carrying the developed schoolbag. CONCLUSIONS The findings presented herein suggest introducing strategies for reducing the potential impact of load carrying through the combined effect of new educational inventions and policy changes.
{"title":"Evaluation of an ergonomically designed schoolbag: Heart rate variability and body discomfort rating.","authors":"M. Ramadan, Sultan N Al-Tayyar, Mohammed H. Alhaag, A. T. Soliman, A. E. Abdelgawad","doi":"10.3233/WOR-205152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-205152","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Unsuitable schoolbags may stress the spine and promote poor body posture, particularly for school students. Global recommendations have suggested that schoolbag weight must not exceed 10% of a healthy student's body mass, which would need continuous monitoring and enforcement.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000The present study presents a comparison between an ergonomically designed schoolbag, which helps reduce the potential effects of carrying a load, and a commercial one.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A total of 30 healthy male students were recruited for this experiment. Independent variables determined were schoolbag type (ergonomically designed and commercial schoolbags) and three load levels based on body mass percentage (i.e., 10%, 15%, and 20% of body mass). Heart rate variability (HRV) and body discomfort rating were then measured.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Our results showed that the developed schoolbag promoted enhanced subjective measures and HRV response at 15% and 20% of body mass. Participants who wore the developed schoolbags experienced significantly lesser neck, shoulder, upper and lower trunk discomfort than those who wore the traditional ones. Changing the load percentage from 10% to 15% caused an increase in heart rate among participants carrying a commercial schoolbag but a decrease in heart rate among those carrying the developed schoolbag.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000The findings presented herein suggest introducing strategies for reducing the potential impact of load carrying through the combined effect of new educational inventions and policy changes.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84276878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Munira Hoosain, Florence Bosa, Naomi Beth Conolly, Hanri Janse van Rensburg, Naafi'ah Mayet, T. Titus
BACKGROUND Garment workers are at risk of developing work-related upper limb disorders (WRULD) due to the highly repetitive nature of their work. Workplace-based rehabilitation (WBR) facilitates improvement in work performance by providing intervention at the worker's place of work. OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine the documented outcomes of workplace-based occupational therapy rehabilitation of garment workers with upper limb conditions. METHODS A multiple case study design was used through a retrospective record review. All garment workers with upper limb conditions who were treated at a student occupational therapy practice in Cape Town, South Africa, with pre- and post-intervention outcome assessment, were included in the study (n = 7). Data were extracted from occupational therapy and medical files. RESULTS 70% of the cases (n = 5) improved after WBR while 30% of cases showed no improvement or deterioration. Participants received 3- 5 individual WBR sessions of approximately 30 minutes each, over a period of 4 to 6 weeks. Interventions included workstation adaptations, job rotation, psychoeducation, work task modification, assistive technology and exercise programmes. Outcome measures most commonly used were the RULA, DASH, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire and pain intensity using the VAS. CONCLUSION Workplace-based occupational therapy can be effective at improving upper limb function, pain and ergonomic risk amongst garment workers with upper limb conditions.
{"title":"Workplace-based rehabilitation with garment workers: A multiple case study.","authors":"Munira Hoosain, Florence Bosa, Naomi Beth Conolly, Hanri Janse van Rensburg, Naafi'ah Mayet, T. Titus","doi":"10.3233/WOR-210540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-210540","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Garment workers are at risk of developing work-related upper limb disorders (WRULD) due to the highly repetitive nature of their work. Workplace-based rehabilitation (WBR) facilitates improvement in work performance by providing intervention at the worker's place of work.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000This study aims to determine the documented outcomes of workplace-based occupational therapy rehabilitation of garment workers with upper limb conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A multiple case study design was used through a retrospective record review. All garment workers with upper limb conditions who were treated at a student occupational therapy practice in Cape Town, South Africa, with pre- and post-intervention outcome assessment, were included in the study (n = 7). Data were extracted from occupational therapy and medical files.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u000070% of the cases (n = 5) improved after WBR while 30% of cases showed no improvement or deterioration. Participants received 3- 5 individual WBR sessions of approximately 30 minutes each, over a period of 4 to 6 weeks. Interventions included workstation adaptations, job rotation, psychoeducation, work task modification, assistive technology and exercise programmes. Outcome measures most commonly used were the RULA, DASH, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire and pain intensity using the VAS.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Workplace-based occupational therapy can be effective at improving upper limb function, pain and ergonomic risk amongst garment workers with upper limb conditions.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85922038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is a common outcome-measure used for assessment of spinal disorders with three officially updated versions. However, there are recently published articles that still use ODI-1.0. This suggests the existence of a block on information flow between developers and end-users. OBJECTIVE To investigate the articles with missing citation to the latest ODI version, to calculate the life span of previous ODI version and to investigate the existence of a block on information flow. METHODS PMC-PubMed citation dataset is analyzed by CNA and text processing methods. RESULTS The most important finding of this study is that there is no block on information flow between developers and users in terms of visibility in citations and full text access restrictions. Three different sub-networks are identified between ODI-1.0 and ODI-2.0 articles. 14% (165) of articles have citation to ODI-1.0 and ODI-2.0 version-articles. The time limit that is required for the new ODI version to become dominant in the literature is between 4 and 9 years. CONCLUSION There is a missing citation problem in the ODI literature which is not a result of a block on information flow between developers and end-users.
{"title":"Why do we encounter studies with older versions of the oswestry disability index? Awareness of researchers about the version updates and the lifespan of older versions.","authors":"R. Irmak","doi":"10.3233/WOR-213639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-213639","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is a common outcome-measure used for assessment of spinal disorders with three officially updated versions. However, there are recently published articles that still use ODI-1.0. This suggests the existence of a block on information flow between developers and end-users.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To investigate the articles with missing citation to the latest ODI version, to calculate the life span of previous ODI version and to investigate the existence of a block on information flow.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000PMC-PubMed citation dataset is analyzed by CNA and text processing methods.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The most important finding of this study is that there is no block on information flow between developers and users in terms of visibility in citations and full text access restrictions. Three different sub-networks are identified between ODI-1.0 and ODI-2.0 articles. 14% (165) of articles have citation to ODI-1.0 and ODI-2.0 version-articles. The time limit that is required for the new ODI version to become dominant in the literature is between 4 and 9 years.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000There is a missing citation problem in the ODI literature which is not a result of a block on information flow between developers and end-users.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88377289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Laura, S. Friedrich, Gholam Mehdi, Bourquin Céline
BACKGROUND Research is needed to gain a deeper understanding of what motivates physicians to do their work and what keeps them in the profession. OBJECTIVES To explore calling as an approach to work in a sample of physicians. METHODS We designed an online survey addressing career choice and career calling among physicians in French-speaking Switzerland, and measured associations between calling and categorical variables (participant characteristics, motivations for choosing medicine, career choice(s) and consistency, and definition of calling). RESULTS The majority of physicians (n = 229) reported that a calling was not a career motivator. The main reasons for becoming a physician were to be useful (n = 173), the scientific aspects of medicine (n = 168), and altruism (n = 153). Viewing medicine as a calling was significantly associated with having been attracted specifically and only to the medical career and stability of this career choice. Physicians defined a calling as internal summons (n = 140), passion (n = 126), and sense of purpose in life (n = 101). Being in the right place, internal summons, and passion were significantly more often considered as a definition for calling by physicians with a calling. CONCLUSIONS A sense of calling influences career choice and professional stability, and might play a protective role in exhaustion or dissatisfaction at work.
{"title":"Calling: Never seen before or heard of - A survey among Swiss physicians.","authors":"S. Laura, S. Friedrich, Gholam Mehdi, Bourquin Céline","doi":"10.3233/WOR-205282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-205282","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Research is needed to gain a deeper understanding of what motivates physicians to do their work and what keeps them in the profession.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000To explore calling as an approach to work in a sample of physicians.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We designed an online survey addressing career choice and career calling among physicians in French-speaking Switzerland, and measured associations between calling and categorical variables (participant characteristics, motivations for choosing medicine, career choice(s) and consistency, and definition of calling).\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The majority of physicians (n = 229) reported that a calling was not a career motivator. The main reasons for becoming a physician were to be useful (n = 173), the scientific aspects of medicine (n = 168), and altruism (n = 153). Viewing medicine as a calling was significantly associated with having been attracted specifically and only to the medical career and stability of this career choice. Physicians defined a calling as internal summons (n = 140), passion (n = 126), and sense of purpose in life (n = 101). Being in the right place, internal summons, and passion were significantly more often considered as a definition for calling by physicians with a calling.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000A sense of calling influences career choice and professional stability, and might play a protective role in exhaustion or dissatisfaction at work.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85828200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND Nowadays, although the effect of positive safety culture on improving safety performance has been confirmed, the mechanisms of this effect are somewhat ambiguous. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect effects of safety culture on safety performance based on a sociotechnical and macroergonomics approach. METHODS The participants consisted of 276 workers, supervisors, and managers in an oil and gas refinery complex. The data collection conducted using questionnaires including safety culture in accordance with the organization's sociotechnical characteristics with 12 dimensions (effectiveness of safety management, management's attitude towards safety, training, awareness and safety policy, peer support, work schedule, job demands, confrontation of tasks and safety, behavioural features and commitment to safety, work equipment and tools, personal protective equipment, workplace hazards, and external environmental factors), safety motivation and safety knowledge as mediators between safety culture and safety performance, and safety compliance and safety participation as the components of safety performance. RESULTS The examination of paths in three structural models indicated that in the presence of the direct effect, the indirect paths were not approved due to the lack of confirmation of safety motivation ⟶ safety performance and safety knowledge ⟶ safety performance. In the model without the direct effect, indirect paths were confirmed; however, a low amount of safety performance variance was explained by safety culture. CONCLUSIONS The safety culture tool explained the highest value of variance for the direct path due to the use of industry-related factors.
{"title":"The mediator role of safety motivation and knowledge between safety culture and safety performance: The results of a sociotechnical and macroergonomics approach.","authors":"H. Kalteh, M. Salesi, Hamidreza Mokarami","doi":"10.3233/WOR-205085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-205085","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Nowadays, although the effect of positive safety culture on improving safety performance has been confirmed, the mechanisms of this effect are somewhat ambiguous.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000This study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect effects of safety culture on safety performance based on a sociotechnical and macroergonomics approach.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000The participants consisted of 276 workers, supervisors, and managers in an oil and gas refinery complex. The data collection conducted using questionnaires including safety culture in accordance with the organization's sociotechnical characteristics with 12 dimensions (effectiveness of safety management, management's attitude towards safety, training, awareness and safety policy, peer support, work schedule, job demands, confrontation of tasks and safety, behavioural features and commitment to safety, work equipment and tools, personal protective equipment, workplace hazards, and external environmental factors), safety motivation and safety knowledge as mediators between safety culture and safety performance, and safety compliance and safety participation as the components of safety performance.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The examination of paths in three structural models indicated that in the presence of the direct effect, the indirect paths were not approved due to the lack of confirmation of safety motivation ⟶ safety performance and safety knowledge ⟶ safety performance. In the model without the direct effect, indirect paths were confirmed; however, a low amount of safety performance variance was explained by safety culture.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000The safety culture tool explained the highest value of variance for the direct path due to the use of industry-related factors.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82521528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. M. Quiñones-Laveriano, M. S. Cervera-Ocaña, Lucia Virginia Porro-Diaz, Karla Josselin Reynel, Jhony A. De La Cruz-Vargas
BACKGROUND Stress and unhealthy lifestyle are serious problems in public health and education, particularly due to their significant relevance in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVES To determine the correlation between stress and lifestyle in teachers at some schools in Lima, Peru, during telework in 2020. METHODS This observational, quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted in 217 school teachers from Lima. Lifestyle was measured using the FANTASTIC questionnaire; stress was measured using the Teaching Stress Scale (ED-6), comprised of the anxiety, depression, maladaptive beliefs, work pressure and poor coping dimensions. The Spearman correlation between numerical variables, and the difference of the FANTASTIC score according to the categorical variables, were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test, as necessary. Multivariable analysis was done with a multiple linear regression model to find raw and adjusted β (βa). RESULTS The median of the ED-6 scale was 81 (RI: 64-105). Sixty-four percent of the teachers had a good-excellent lifestyle; 27.2%, regular; and 8.49%, bad-dangerous. The FANTASTIC score had an inverse correlation with ED-6 (β a: -0.16, 95% ; CI: -0.20 to -0.12) adjusted for age and cohabitation with children. Likewise, teachers between 40 and 49 years old (β a: 2.89, 95% ; CI: 0.17 to 5.62) had a better lifestyle; and teachers who lived with children (βa: -5.48, 95% ; CI: -7.89 to -3.06), a worse lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS As stress increased, the lifestyle quality worsened in teachers at some schools in Lima, Peru, during telework in 2020.
{"title":"Correlation between stress and lifestyle in teachers at some schools in lima, Peru, during telework in 2020.","authors":"D. M. Quiñones-Laveriano, M. S. Cervera-Ocaña, Lucia Virginia Porro-Diaz, Karla Josselin Reynel, Jhony A. De La Cruz-Vargas","doi":"10.3233/WOR-211224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-211224","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Stress and unhealthy lifestyle are serious problems in public health and education, particularly due to their significant relevance in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVES\u0000To determine the correlation between stress and lifestyle in teachers at some schools in Lima, Peru, during telework in 2020.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000This observational, quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted in 217 school teachers from Lima. Lifestyle was measured using the FANTASTIC questionnaire; stress was measured using the Teaching Stress Scale (ED-6), comprised of the anxiety, depression, maladaptive beliefs, work pressure and poor coping dimensions. The Spearman correlation between numerical variables, and the difference of the FANTASTIC score according to the categorical variables, were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test, as necessary. Multivariable analysis was done with a multiple linear regression model to find raw and adjusted β (βa).\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The median of the ED-6 scale was 81 (RI: 64-105). Sixty-four percent of the teachers had a good-excellent lifestyle; 27.2%, regular; and 8.49%, bad-dangerous. The FANTASTIC score had an inverse correlation with ED-6 (β a: -0.16, 95% ; CI: -0.20 to -0.12) adjusted for age and cohabitation with children. Likewise, teachers between 40 and 49 years old (β a: 2.89, 95% ; CI: 0.17 to 5.62) had a better lifestyle; and teachers who lived with children (βa: -5.48, 95% ; CI: -7.89 to -3.06), a worse lifestyle.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000As stress increased, the lifestyle quality worsened in teachers at some schools in Lima, Peru, during telework in 2020.","PeriodicalId":49090,"journal":{"name":"Cognition Technology & Work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80147960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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