Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9859
Ghizlane Jaabouti, Achraf Cherrat, Soumia Bencchakroun, C. Mahraoui, N. Hafidi
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are a rare type of vascular anomaly, which can be congenital or acquired. These malformations can present as single or multiple lesions and are often associated with Rendu-Osler disease. Diagnosis is typically made through thoracic CT scanning, and the standard treatment is percutaneous embolization. We present a clinical cases that can help raise awareness about rare diseases such as Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations and improve early diagnosis and management. It is important for healthcare providers to be familiar with the clinical and etiological characteristics of these conditions to ensure that patients receive appropriate care and treatment. In this case report, we describe a 7-year-old girl who presented with hemoptysis in the context of pneumopathy. Despite having no significant medical history, the patient's condition was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy and percutaneous embolization of the pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.
{"title":"Hemoptysis Revealing a Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula: A Case Report","authors":"Ghizlane Jaabouti, Achraf Cherrat, Soumia Bencchakroun, C. Mahraoui, N. Hafidi","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9859","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are a rare type of vascular anomaly, which can be congenital or acquired. These malformations can present as single or multiple lesions and are often associated with Rendu-Osler disease. Diagnosis is typically made through thoracic CT scanning, and the standard treatment is percutaneous embolization. \u0000We present a clinical cases that can help raise awareness about rare diseases such as Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations and improve early diagnosis and management. It is important for healthcare providers to be familiar with the clinical and etiological characteristics of these conditions to ensure that patients receive appropriate care and treatment. \u0000In this case report, we describe a 7-year-old girl who presented with hemoptysis in the context of pneumopathy. Despite having no significant medical history, the patient's condition was successfully treated with antibiotic therapy and percutaneous embolization of the pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73966325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9863
Ghizlane Jaabouti, Sara Benchidmi, N. Hafidi, Soumia Bencchakroun, C. Mahraoui
Aquagenic urticaria (AU) is a rare form of physical urticaria that is triggered by exposure to water. Despite its rarity, it can significantly impact patients' quality of life. The underlying pathophysiology of AU is not well-understood, but diagnosis is typically based on clinical history and confirmed by skin tests. Unfortunately, avoidance of the trigger is often impossible, making symptom control the primary approach to treatment. The lack of awareness and understanding of AU can make diagnosis and management challenging. Therefore, this case report highlights the clinical and etiological features of AU and emphasizes the need for improved management strategies. The patient in this case is a 15-year-old with a well-controlled asthma background treatment of fluticasone. Since age 7, the patient has experienced urticaria when exposed to both sea and fresh water. A diagnosis of aquagenic urticaria was confirmed through skin tests and patient history. Symptomatic treatment with antihistamines and barrier creams before swimming has been effective, with a limitation on the time spent in the water to manage symptom.
{"title":"A Case Report On Aquagenic Urticaria","authors":"Ghizlane Jaabouti, Sara Benchidmi, N. Hafidi, Soumia Bencchakroun, C. Mahraoui","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9863","url":null,"abstract":"Aquagenic urticaria (AU) is a rare form of physical urticaria that is triggered by exposure to water. Despite its rarity, it can significantly impact patients' quality of life. The underlying pathophysiology of AU is not well-understood, but diagnosis is typically based on clinical history and confirmed by skin tests. Unfortunately, avoidance of the trigger is often impossible, making symptom control the primary approach to treatment. \u0000The lack of awareness and understanding of AU can make diagnosis and management challenging. Therefore, this case report highlights the clinical and etiological features of AU and emphasizes the need for improved management strategies. \u0000The patient in this case is a 15-year-old with a well-controlled asthma background treatment of fluticasone. Since age 7, the patient has experienced urticaria when exposed to both sea and fresh water. A diagnosis of aquagenic urticaria was confirmed through skin tests and patient history. Symptomatic treatment with antihistamines and barrier creams before swimming has been effective, with a limitation on the time spent in the water to manage symptom.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90293735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9861
A. Benhlima, I. Bouzekraoui, A. Taj, A. Bouchaala, H. Elhamzaoui, M. Alilou
COVID-19 is a global health problem responsible for significant morbidity and mortality and a major socioeconomic impact. While the major manifestation is respirator with a risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome, several extrapulmonary aspects, particularly cardiovascular, have emerged over time. The aim of this work is to study the clinical, biological, radiological, therapeutic, and evolutionary characteristics of acute myocarditis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in comparison to data from the literature. This is a prospective cohort study conducted at the Ibn Sina University Hospital in Rabat over a period of 9 months (from January 1, 2021, to September 30, 2021) and included patients hospitalized in different departments managing COVID-19 and diagnosed with acute myocarditis confirmed by cardiac MRI. Fifteen patients were included during the study period. The average age of patients was 40 years old with a slight male predominance (sex ratio M/F-1.14). The average time between the onset of COVID-19 infection and the appearance of myocarditis symptoms was 17 days. The symptoms were mainly dominated by chest pain (40% of cases), unexplained cardiogenic shock (40% of cases), and palpitations (20% of cases). ECG revealed diffuse repolarization abnormalities in more than half of the cases (53%) and supraventricular tachycardia (27%). The inflammatory markers were significantly disturbed (CRP = 102 +/-47.30 mg/L and ferritin - 510 +/-336.45 ng/mL). Troponin I was elevated with myocarditis kinetics in all patients. Cardiac MRI showed T2 hypersignal corresponding to edema with early and late subepicardial enhancement, mainly located at the level of the left ventricular lateral wall. The evolution was marked by the occurrence of death in 5 patients (33.33%) in the days following hospitalization for cardiogenic shock and dilated cardiomyopathy in only one case (6.67%). It was favourable for the rest of the patients (60%). The results of this study have highlighted several characteristics of myocarditis associated with SARS-CoV-2. Firstly, there is a delayed interval between virus infection and the onset of cardiac symptoms. Additionally, the kinetics of myocardial injury markers are distinct, and there is significant disruption of inflammatory markers at the time of diagnosis. Moreover, fulminant forms of myocarditis are associated with a reserved prognosis and high mortality. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the crucial importance of cardiac MRI availability for confirming the diagnosis in the absence of histological evidence from endomyocardial biopsy.
{"title":"Myocarditis during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Series of 15 Cases","authors":"A. Benhlima, I. Bouzekraoui, A. Taj, A. Bouchaala, H. Elhamzaoui, M. Alilou","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9861","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is a global health problem responsible for significant morbidity and mortality and a major socioeconomic impact. While the major manifestation is respirator with a risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome, several extrapulmonary aspects, particularly cardiovascular, have emerged over time. \u0000The aim of this work is to study the clinical, biological, radiological, therapeutic, and evolutionary characteristics of acute myocarditis associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in comparison to data from the literature. \u0000This is a prospective cohort study conducted at the Ibn Sina University Hospital in Rabat over a period of 9 months (from January 1, 2021, to September 30, 2021) and included patients hospitalized in different departments managing COVID-19 and diagnosed with acute myocarditis confirmed by cardiac MRI. \u0000Fifteen patients were included during the study period. The average age of patients was 40 years old with a slight male predominance (sex ratio M/F-1.14). The average time between the onset of COVID-19 infection and the appearance of myocarditis symptoms was 17 days. The symptoms were mainly dominated by chest pain (40% of cases), unexplained cardiogenic shock (40% of cases), and palpitations (20% of cases). ECG revealed diffuse repolarization abnormalities in more than half of the cases (53%) and supraventricular tachycardia (27%). The inflammatory markers were significantly disturbed (CRP = 102 +/-47.30 mg/L and ferritin - 510 +/-336.45 ng/mL). Troponin I was elevated with myocarditis kinetics in all patients. Cardiac MRI showed T2 hypersignal corresponding to edema with early and late subepicardial enhancement, mainly located at the level of the left ventricular lateral wall. \u0000The evolution was marked by the occurrence of death in 5 patients (33.33%) in the days following hospitalization for cardiogenic shock and dilated cardiomyopathy in only one case (6.67%). It was favourable for the rest of the patients (60%). \u0000The results of this study have highlighted several characteristics of myocarditis associated with SARS-CoV-2. Firstly, there is a delayed interval between virus infection and the onset of cardiac symptoms. Additionally, the kinetics of myocardial injury markers are distinct, and there is significant disruption of inflammatory markers at the time of diagnosis. Moreover, fulminant forms of myocarditis are associated with a reserved prognosis and high mortality. \u0000Furthermore, the study emphasizes the crucial importance of cardiac MRI availability for confirming the diagnosis in the absence of histological evidence from endomyocardial biopsy.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84134475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9856
Z. Bahrani, Abdulaziz Sarawi, Hani Abu Shanab, A. Soliman, A. A. Qarni
Post bariatric surgery induced myocarditis in setting of autoimmune disease is rarely encountered in clinical practice. However, till date only few data of bariatric surgery induced myocarditis in setting of connective tissue disease (CTD) have been available. The following report illustrates the case of a 39-year-old female suffering from myositis who exhibited a nutritional deficiency myocarditis following biliopancreatic diversion surgery (BPD). The mechanism of myocarditis in patients suffering from CTD is incompletely understood. In this case we are going to try to found a relation between bariatric surgery, myocarditis and connective tissue disease and urges cautious action before surgery performance in the setting of suspected nutritional deficiencies and in connective tissue disease (CTD) as injudicious act might increase the risk of deleterious myocarditis and increase the mortality.
{"title":"Myocarditis and Autoimmune Disease Development Following Bariatric Surgery: A Possible Nutritional Deficiency Link","authors":"Z. Bahrani, Abdulaziz Sarawi, Hani Abu Shanab, A. Soliman, A. A. Qarni","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9856","url":null,"abstract":"Post bariatric surgery induced myocarditis in setting of autoimmune disease is rarely encountered in clinical practice. However, till date only few data of bariatric surgery induced myocarditis in setting of connective tissue disease (CTD) have been available. The following report illustrates the case of a 39-year-old female suffering from myositis who exhibited a nutritional deficiency myocarditis following biliopancreatic diversion surgery (BPD). The mechanism of myocarditis in patients suffering from CTD is incompletely understood. In this case we are going to try to found a relation between bariatric surgery, myocarditis and connective tissue disease and urges cautious action before surgery performance in the setting of suspected nutritional deficiencies and in connective tissue disease (CTD) as injudicious act might increase the risk of deleterious myocarditis and increase the mortality.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90806115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9855
Mohammad Shah Kamal Uddin, Tutul Talukder, Muhammad Amzad Hussain, Ushahla Marma, A. Harun-Ar-Rashid, Mohammad Ridowan Tareen, Md Ayub Ali
Background: Patella connects quadriceps ligament and tendon. Base peak. proximal non-articular distal patella. Common subcutaneous patella injurie. Patella focuses Quadriceps forces and facilitates arm extension. It rotates the knee extensor. At maximum extension, the patella raises the quadriceps moment arm by 30%. Patellar avulsion fractures are classified independently. 9.3% to 22.4% of patellar fractures are thus. AO 34-A1 extra-articular lower pole fractures. Rapid flexion against quadriceps contraction causes this fracture. After bone removal, the patellar tendon is frequently sutured transosseously. Long fixation and sluggish recovery cause quadriceps weakness. Two of 25 patients had problems with poor vertical wirings. We examined 2 vertical wiring procedures for extra-articular distal patella fractures. Objective: To look at how well separate vertical wirings work for treating fractures outside of the joint at the end of the patella. Methods: Prospective, observational study. The study was done from July 2015 to June 2017 at NITOR's Department of Orthopedics. Patients with post-traumatic distal patella extra-articular fractures admitted to NITOR comprised the study population. From July 2015 to June 2017, total 52 patients had patellar fractures. At NITOR, 46 people with lower pole patella fractures were wired vertically with surgery. NITOR checked up on 40 people. After 18 weeks, the final functional result was looked at. Bostman knee score measured how the knee worked. Results: 40 patients with extra-articular distal patella fractures were studied to determine the effectiveness of 2 vertical wirings. 9 (22.5%) of 40 patients were 30 or younger, 10 (25%) were 31-40, and 8 (20%) were 41-50. 7% and 6% of patients were in their 5th and 6th decades. The youngest patient was 18 and the oldest was 70. Out of 40 cases, 31 (or 77.5%) were men and 9 (or 22.5%) were women. The number of men to women is 3.5:1. Most of the 30 broken bones (75%) healed between 6 and 10 weeks. The average time for a radiological union to happen was 82.4 weeks. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, extra-articular fractures of the distal pole of the patella commonly affect men in early middle age and farmers. Separate vertical wirings cure outside-the-joint distal patella fractures. Most patients can return to their pre-injury activities, but their knees are weaker.
{"title":"Evaluation of Results of Separate Vertical Wirings for the Treatment of Extra-articular Fractures of the Distal Pole of the Patella","authors":"Mohammad Shah Kamal Uddin, Tutul Talukder, Muhammad Amzad Hussain, Ushahla Marma, A. Harun-Ar-Rashid, Mohammad Ridowan Tareen, Md Ayub Ali","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9855","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patella connects quadriceps ligament and tendon. Base peak. proximal non-articular distal patella. Common subcutaneous patella injurie. Patella focuses Quadriceps forces and facilitates arm extension. It rotates the knee extensor. At maximum extension, the patella raises the quadriceps moment arm by 30%. Patellar avulsion fractures are classified independently. 9.3% to 22.4% of patellar fractures are thus. AO 34-A1 extra-articular lower pole fractures. Rapid flexion against quadriceps contraction causes this fracture. After bone removal, the patellar tendon is frequently sutured transosseously. Long fixation and sluggish recovery cause quadriceps weakness. Two of 25 patients had problems with poor vertical wirings. We examined 2 vertical wiring procedures for extra-articular distal patella fractures. \u0000Objective: To look at how well separate vertical wirings work for treating fractures outside of the joint at the end of the patella. \u0000Methods: Prospective, observational study. The study was done from July 2015 to June 2017 at NITOR's Department of Orthopedics. Patients with post-traumatic distal patella extra-articular fractures admitted to NITOR comprised the study population. From July 2015 to June 2017, total 52 patients had patellar fractures. At NITOR, 46 people with lower pole patella fractures were wired vertically with surgery. NITOR checked up on 40 people. After 18 weeks, the final functional result was looked at. Bostman knee score measured how the knee worked. \u0000Results: 40 patients with extra-articular distal patella fractures were studied to determine the effectiveness of 2 vertical wirings. 9 (22.5%) of 40 patients were 30 or younger, 10 (25%) were 31-40, and 8 (20%) were 41-50. 7% and 6% of patients were in their 5th and 6th decades. The youngest patient was 18 and the oldest was 70. Out of 40 cases, 31 (or 77.5%) were men and 9 (or 22.5%) were women. The number of men to women is 3.5:1. Most of the 30 broken bones (75%) healed between 6 and 10 weeks. The average time for a radiological union to happen was 82.4 weeks. \u0000Conclusion: According to the study's findings, extra-articular fractures of the distal pole of the patella commonly affect men in early middle age and farmers. Separate vertical wirings cure outside-the-joint distal patella fractures. Most patients can return to their pre-injury activities, but their knees are weaker.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84395289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9854
Niyongabo Livingstone Eric, Odongo Alfred Owino, D. Mogere
Background: Community-based initiatives are a worldwide policy that guarantees that key health services are available and accessible closer to the community. CHWs are an important element of healthcare services in Rwanda. Community health workers integrate individuals of their communities to provide preventive, habitual, and emergency maternity healthcare requirements. Maternal health is still a challenge to the achievement of SDGs by 2030 in the health-care sector compared with the effort provided by CHWs. The aim of study was to assess the influence of community health workers' role on uptake of maternal health services in Musanze District. Methods: The study design used was an analytical cross-sectional study design utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods. Simple random sample approach was employed to choose 208 CHWs and 16 CHWs’ supervisors were interviewed for qualitative data (KII). The statistical tool for social sciences (SPSS) Version 26, was used to examine the data. Categorical variables were summarized with descriptive statistics for frequencies and percentages. Bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test of independence was used to check the association between both dependent and independent variables. Ordinal logistic regression was used as the most suitable inferential statistic. Qualitative data were analyzed by NVIVO version 10. Results: This study found that the uptake of maternal health services was regarded as very high. 85.1% of CHWs were knowledgeable on the warning signs of an emergency among pregnant mothers, and 89.4% reported that they would act based on these warning signs. CHWs had necessary training to provide care to pregnant mothers with p* =. 001. Skills that CHWs have on the administration of misoprostol to prevent post-partum hemorrhage was significant with p* <.001. Factors that influenced uptake of maternal health services were CHW’s regular supervision with p*=.001, provision of transportation p*=.001, regular refresher training p* =.002, and motivation/incentives p*=.001, as they were associated with the performance of CHWs towards the uptake of Maternal Health care services. The research recommends improvement of maternal health services through access to contraception, antenatal care, and postnatal care, with particularly scale-up key motherly health services, regular supervision should be done at least every month and training for CHWs quarterly, governmental support in terms of motivations of CHWs.
背景:以社区为基础的倡议是一项全球性的政策，它保证提供关键的卫生服务并使其更接近社区。卫生保健员是卢旺达保健服务的一个重要组成部分。社区卫生工作者整合社区个人，提供预防性、习惯性和紧急产科保健需求。与保健工作者所做的努力相比，孕产妇保健仍然是保健部门到2030年实现可持续发展目标的一个挑战。本研究的目的是评估社区卫生工作者的角色对木桑则地区孕产妇保健服务吸收的影响。方法:采用定量和定性两种方法的分析性横断面研究设计。采用简单随机抽样法选取208名卫生院，对16名卫生院主管进行访谈，获取定性数据。社会科学统计工具(SPSS)版本26，被用来检查数据。分类变量用频率和百分比的描述性统计进行总结。采用独立的卡方检验的双变量分析来检验因变量和自变量之间的相关性。采用有序逻辑回归作为最合适的推理统计量。定性数据采用NVIVO version 10进行分析。结果:这项研究发现，产妇保健服务的接受程度被认为非常高。85.1%的卫生保健员了解孕妇的紧急情况警告信号，89.4%的卫生保健员表示会根据这些警告信号采取行动。保健员接受过必要的培训，为患有p* =的孕妇提供护理。001. 孕妇对米索前列醇预防产后出血的应用技能差异有统计学意义(p* < 0.001)。影响产妇保健服务接受程度的因素为产妇保健员的定期监护，p*=。1、提供运输p*=。001、定期进修培训p* =。002，动机/激励p*=。001，因为它们与保健护士在接受孕产妇保健服务方面的表现有关。该研究建议通过提供避孕、产前护理和产后护理改善孕产妇保健服务，特别是扩大关键的孕产妇保健服务，至少每月进行定期监督，每季度对卫生保健员进行培训，政府在卫生保健员的动机方面提供支持。
{"title":"The Influence of Community Health Workers on Uptake of Maternal Health Services: Case Study of Musanze District, Rwanda","authors":"Niyongabo Livingstone Eric, Odongo Alfred Owino, D. Mogere","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9854","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Community-based initiatives are a worldwide policy that guarantees that key health services are available and accessible closer to the community. CHWs are an important element of healthcare services in Rwanda. Community health workers integrate individuals of their communities to provide preventive, habitual, and emergency maternity healthcare requirements. Maternal health is still a challenge to the achievement of SDGs by 2030 in the health-care sector compared with the effort provided by CHWs. The aim of study was to assess the influence of community health workers' role on uptake of maternal health services in Musanze District.\u0000Methods: The study design used was an analytical cross-sectional study design utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods. Simple random sample approach was employed to choose 208 CHWs and 16 CHWs’ supervisors were interviewed for qualitative data (KII). The statistical tool for social sciences (SPSS) Version 26, was used to examine the data. Categorical variables were summarized with descriptive statistics for frequencies and percentages. Bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test of independence was used to check the association between both dependent and independent variables. Ordinal logistic regression was used as the most suitable inferential statistic. Qualitative data were analyzed by NVIVO version 10.\u0000Results: This study found that the uptake of maternal health services was regarded as very high. 85.1% of CHWs were knowledgeable on the warning signs of an emergency among pregnant mothers, and 89.4% reported that they would act based on these warning signs. CHWs had necessary training to provide care to pregnant mothers with p* =. 001. Skills that CHWs have on the administration of misoprostol to prevent post-partum hemorrhage was significant with p* <.001. Factors that influenced uptake of maternal health services were CHW’s regular supervision with p*=.001, provision of transportation p*=.001, regular refresher training p* =.002, and motivation/incentives p*=.001, as they were associated with the performance of CHWs towards the uptake of Maternal Health care services. The research recommends improvement of maternal health services through access to contraception, antenatal care, and postnatal care, with particularly scale-up key motherly health services, regular supervision should be done at least every month and training for CHWs quarterly, governmental support in terms of motivations of CHWs.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87573796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9852
Neha S. Rathod, B. Gond, Manju Kewat, Akshata Tambe, Shoba Puralkar
Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in India is alarmingly high despite availability of several therapeutic agents. Thus, the current study was conducted to understand the role of Ayurveda based Comprehensive Diabetes Care (CDC) program in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted from January 2014 to September 2022 at Madhavbaug Clinic, Maharashtra. Patients aged 18 years and above with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) with body mass index >25 participated in the CDC program and were included in this study. Follow-up was conducted after 90 days. Baseline data was compared with follow-up data. Results: A total of 63 patients were assessed. Of the male patients, 29.3%, 43.9%, and 26.8% were found to have impaired, negative and positive glucose tolerance. Among the females, 22.7%, 63.6%, and 13.6% were found to be have impaired, negative and positive glucose tolerance. Weight decreased from 70.70 ± 9.82 kg to 65.15 ± 9.83 kg (p<0.001) from day 1 to day 90. Body mass index decreased from 27.00 ± 3.88 to 24.91 ± 3.75 (p<0.001) from day 1 to day 90. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) decreased from 7.87 ± 1.90% to 5.79 ± 0.51% (p<0.001) from day 1 to day 90. Conclusion: Remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese patients is possible with Ayurvedic principles and diet compliance.
背景:尽管有几种治疗药物可用，但印度糖尿病的患病率仍高得惊人。因此，本研究旨在了解基于阿育吠陀的综合糖尿病护理(CDC)计划在2型糖尿病管理中的作用。方法:2014年1月至2022年9月在马哈拉施特拉邦Madhavbaug诊所进行回顾性观察研究。年龄在18岁及以上，经美国糖尿病协会(ADA)诊断为2型糖尿病，体重指数>25的患者参加CDC项目，纳入本研究。90天后进行随访。基线数据与随访数据进行比较。结果:共评估63例患者。在男性患者中，分别有29.3%、43.9%和26.8%的患者葡萄糖耐量受损、阴性和阳性。在女性中，分别有22.7%、63.6%和13.6%的人发现糖耐量受损、阴性和阳性。体重从第1天的70.70±9.82 kg下降到第90天的65.15±9.83 kg (p<0.001)。体重指数从第1天的27.00±3.88下降到第90天的24.91±3.75 (p<0.001)。糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)从第1天降至第90天，从7.87±1.90%降至5.79±0.51% (p<0.001)。结论:阿育吠陀治疗原则和饮食依从性可使肥胖患者2型糖尿病得到缓解。
{"title":"Effect Ayurveda-based Comprehensive Diabetic Care Program on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients: An Observational Study","authors":"Neha S. Rathod, B. Gond, Manju Kewat, Akshata Tambe, Shoba Puralkar","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9852","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in India is alarmingly high despite availability of several therapeutic agents. Thus, the current study was conducted to understand the role of Ayurveda based Comprehensive Diabetes Care (CDC) program in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. \u0000Methods: A retrospective, observational study was conducted from January 2014 to September 2022 at Madhavbaug Clinic, Maharashtra. Patients aged 18 years and above with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) with body mass index >25 participated in the CDC program and were included in this study. Follow-up was conducted after 90 days. Baseline data was compared with follow-up data. \u0000Results: A total of 63 patients were assessed. Of the male patients, 29.3%, 43.9%, and 26.8% were found to have impaired, negative and positive glucose tolerance. Among the females, 22.7%, 63.6%, and 13.6% were found to be have impaired, negative and positive glucose tolerance. Weight decreased from 70.70 ± 9.82 kg to 65.15 ± 9.83 kg (p<0.001) from day 1 to day 90. Body mass index decreased from 27.00 ± 3.88 to 24.91 ± 3.75 (p<0.001) from day 1 to day 90. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) decreased from 7.87 ± 1.90% to 5.79 ± 0.51% (p<0.001) from day 1 to day 90. \u0000Conclusion: Remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese patients is possible with Ayurvedic principles and diet compliance.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"469 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76811578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9853
Amr Essam Shaltout, M. A. Mohamed, Nadia Mahmoud Ibrahim, N. Eldahshan
Background: The classic symptoms of the syndrome of burnout as described by Maslach et al. are emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and inefficacy. Prolonged exposure to stress is usually the main cause of emotional exhaustion and it manifests through the loss of enthusiasm for work, feeling helpless, trapped, and defeated. Depersonalization occurs when physicians treat patients indifferently, objectify them, and develop a negative attitude toward their colleagues and profession. Inefficiency, or the lack of a sense of personal achievement, is characterized by the individual’s withdrawal from responsibilities and detachment from the job. Aim: To assess burnout prevalence among physicians of primary health care centers and units in Port Said. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with simple random sampling of physicians of primary care centers and units. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), a validated 22-item questionnaire considered the gold standard tool for measuring burnout. Results: In the current study on 155 physicians, the prevalence of burnout was 65.8% among the studied sample with 80%, 65.8%, and 80% of the subjects displayed high Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and low Personal Accomplishment, respectively. Female gender, urban setting of the practice, being married, unsatisfactory salary, sleeping hours 4-8 hours, and working in night shifts were all factors that significantly contributed to physicians’ burnout. Conclusion: In the current study, a high prevalence of burnout of 65.8% was found among the physicians in PHC centers and units. Gender, setting of the practice, marital status, salary, sleeping hours, and working in night shifts were all factors that significantly contributing to physicians’ burnout.
{"title":"Prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among Working Physicians in Family Health Centres and Units in Port Said Governorate","authors":"Amr Essam Shaltout, M. A. Mohamed, Nadia Mahmoud Ibrahim, N. Eldahshan","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9853","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The classic symptoms of the syndrome of burnout as described by Maslach et al. are emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and inefficacy. Prolonged exposure to stress is usually the main cause of emotional exhaustion and it manifests through the loss of enthusiasm for work, feeling helpless, trapped, and defeated. Depersonalization occurs when physicians treat patients indifferently, objectify them, and develop a negative attitude toward their colleagues and profession. Inefficiency, or the lack of a sense of personal achievement, is characterized by the individual’s withdrawal from responsibilities and detachment from the job. \u0000Aim: To assess burnout prevalence among physicians of primary health care centers and units in Port Said. \u0000Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with simple random sampling of physicians of primary care centers and units. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), a validated 22-item questionnaire considered the gold standard tool for measuring burnout. \u0000Results: In the current study on 155 physicians, the prevalence of burnout was 65.8% among the studied sample with 80%, 65.8%, and 80% of the subjects displayed high Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and low Personal Accomplishment, respectively. Female gender, urban setting of the practice, being married, unsatisfactory salary, sleeping hours 4-8 hours, and working in night shifts were all factors that significantly contributed to physicians’ burnout. \u0000Conclusion: In the current study, a high prevalence of burnout of 65.8% was found among the physicians in PHC centers and units. Gender, setting of the practice, marital status, salary, sleeping hours, and working in night shifts were all factors that significantly contributing to physicians’ burnout.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77857621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-13DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9851
Maisarah, Dian Vera, Jun Musnadi Is, Sufyan Anwar
Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge of diarrhea, hand washing behavior, toilet use behavior and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years old. Study Design: A case control study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in October 2022 at area of the Johan Pahlawan Community Health Center, Aceh Barat District, Aceh Province-Indonesia. Methodology: The sample size was 92, with 46 cases and 46 controls. The subjects of the case and control groups are mothers with children under five years old. SPSS version 20 was utilized to conduct statistical analysis on both univariate and bivariate data, with the chi-square test being employed to address the hypothesis. Results: The results showed that both the case and control groups had more children aged ≤2 years. Mothers in the case group were found to have a higher proportion with poor knowledge level (66.2%), poor hand washing behavior (54.3%), and poor toilet use behavior (67.4%) compared to the mothers in the control group. Statistical tests proved that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge (p=0.022), hand washing behavior (p=0.020), and toilet use behavior (p=0.001) with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years old. Conclusion: Efforts are needed to improve the knowledge and skills of mothers in preventing and managing diarrhea through education by health professionals.
目的:本研究旨在确定5岁以下儿童腹泻知识、洗手行为、如厕行为与腹泻发生率的关系。研究设计:病例对照研究。研究地点和时间:该研究于2022年10月在印度尼西亚亚齐省亚齐巴拉特区Johan Pahlawan社区卫生中心地区进行。方法:样本量为92例，病例46例，对照组46例。病例和对照组的研究对象是有五岁以下孩子的母亲。采用SPSS version 20对单变量和双变量数据进行统计分析，采用卡方检验对假设进行验证。结果:病例组与对照组均有较多2岁以下患儿。病例组母亲知识水平差(66.2%)、洗手行为差(54.3%)、如厕行为差(67.4%)的比例高于对照组母亲。统计检验表明，孕产妇知识(p=0.022)、洗手行为(p=0.020)、如厕行为(p=0.001)与5岁以下儿童腹泻发生率有显著相关。结论:需要通过卫生专业人员的教育，提高母亲预防和管理腹泻的知识和技能。
{"title":"A Case Control Study on the Determinants of Behavior towards Diarrhea in Children under Five Years Old","authors":"Maisarah, Dian Vera, Jun Musnadi Is, Sufyan Anwar","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i9851","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge of diarrhea, hand washing behavior, toilet use behavior and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years old. \u0000Study Design: A case control study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in October 2022 at area of the Johan Pahlawan Community Health Center, Aceh Barat District, Aceh Province-Indonesia. \u0000Methodology: The sample size was 92, with 46 cases and 46 controls. The subjects of the case and control groups are mothers with children under five years old. SPSS version 20 was utilized to conduct statistical analysis on both univariate and bivariate data, with the chi-square test being employed to address the hypothesis. \u0000Results: The results showed that both the case and control groups had more children aged ≤2 years. Mothers in the case group were found to have a higher proportion with poor knowledge level (66.2%), poor hand washing behavior (54.3%), and poor toilet use behavior (67.4%) compared to the mothers in the control group. Statistical tests proved that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge (p=0.022), hand washing behavior (p=0.020), and toilet use behavior (p=0.001) with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years old. \u0000Conclusion: Efforts are needed to improve the knowledge and skills of mothers in preventing and managing diarrhea through education by health professionals.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84685204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-10DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i8848
K. Sagadevan, B. Nandagopal, Mageshbabu Ramamurthy, N. Saravanan, P. Rajendiran, H. Narayanan, Kumaran Vadivel
Hantaviruses are a diverse group of infectious agents which are zoonotic in nature and transmitted to humans through rodent reservoir. Hantaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that persistently infect rodent hosts without ill-effect. The host persistently excretes virus in urine and saliva. Man becomes infected from the rodents when one enters the ecological niche of the other. Hantaviruses can cause two types of diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The number of reported Hantavirus infections is increasing worldwide, and new Hantaviruses are being discovered in many countries, making them a global public health concern. Hantavirus infections are thought to be under diagnosed due to the fact that they frequently cause asymptomatic and nonspecific mild infections, as well as a lack of simple standardized diagnostic laboratory methods. This review summarizes current knowledge on Hantaviral infections, including virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnostics, treatment, and prevention.
{"title":"Hantavirus Diseases – A Comprehensive Review","authors":"K. Sagadevan, B. Nandagopal, Mageshbabu Ramamurthy, N. Saravanan, P. Rajendiran, H. Narayanan, Kumaran Vadivel","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i8848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i8848","url":null,"abstract":"Hantaviruses are a diverse group of infectious agents which are zoonotic in nature and transmitted to humans through rodent reservoir. Hantaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that persistently infect rodent hosts without ill-effect. The host persistently excretes virus in urine and saliva. Man becomes infected from the rodents when one enters the ecological niche of the other. Hantaviruses can cause two types of diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The number of reported Hantavirus infections is increasing worldwide, and new Hantaviruses are being discovered in many countries, making them a global public health concern. Hantavirus infections are thought to be under diagnosed due to the fact that they frequently cause asymptomatic and nonspecific mild infections, as well as a lack of simple standardized diagnostic laboratory methods. This review summarizes current knowledge on Hantaviral infections, including virology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnostics, treatment, and prevention.","PeriodicalId":49491,"journal":{"name":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79064475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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