Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.02
A. Belgacem, Meshal Alharbi, Abdullah Alhajoj, Fayez Alruwaili, Jeremiah Njeru
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of community camel and sheep grazing on vegetation cover and production at Al-Mayla rangeland enclosure in Arar, northern Saudi Arabia, protected for 40 years. Following a first vegetation sampling conducted in August 2022, two different sites (Artemisia and Atriplex sites) were identified and management plan involving grazing for one month on the Artemisia site by 769 heads of camels and the Atriplex site by 2739 heads of sheep was proposed. Upon pressure from the pastoral community, the number of sheep was increased to 7500 head and the grazing period was reduced to 2 weeks in September 2022. Field data collection was conducted after grazing. Total plant cover and soil surface states, species cover and density, and biomass available for grazing were measured and compared to the situation before introducing animals. Results showed that long-term protection (40 years) had a negative effect on vegetation cover dynamics through the development of more competitive and stress-tolerant low-range value species and hard soil crust which reduces infiltration, emergence of seedlings, and growth of plants. The findings suggested that short-period grazing with a high stocking density of mixed herds of camel and sheep which reduced animal selectivity and improved soil structure is not harmful to vegetation cover and range production and had social implications by allowing the grazing of more herds from the community
{"title":"Effects of community camel and sheep grazing on vegetation cover in Al-Mayla rangeland in northern Saudi Arabia","authors":"A. Belgacem, Meshal Alharbi, Abdullah Alhajoj, Fayez Alruwaili, Jeremiah Njeru","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.02","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of community camel and sheep grazing on vegetation cover and production at Al-Mayla rangeland enclosure in Arar, northern Saudi Arabia, protected for 40 years. Following a first vegetation sampling conducted in August 2022, two different sites (Artemisia and Atriplex sites) were identified and management plan involving grazing for one month on the Artemisia site by 769 heads of camels and the Atriplex site by 2739 heads of sheep was proposed. Upon pressure from the pastoral community, the number of sheep was increased to 7500 head and the grazing period was reduced to 2 weeks in September 2022. Field data collection was conducted after grazing. Total plant cover and soil surface states, species cover and density, and biomass available for grazing were measured and compared to the situation before introducing animals. Results showed that long-term protection (40 years) had a negative effect on vegetation cover dynamics through the development of more competitive and stress-tolerant low-range value species and hard soil crust which reduces infiltration, emergence of seedlings, and growth of plants. The findings suggested that short-period grazing with a high stocking density of mixed herds of camel and sheep which reduced animal selectivity and improved soil structure is not harmful to vegetation cover and range production and had social implications by allowing the grazing of more herds from the community","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.16
C. S. Sahay, D. S. Thorat, P. K. Pathak
In order to increase the productivity of grasslands and rangelands, grass seed collection from large fields is required. Manual grass seed collection is a labor and time consuming operation. A tractor operated grass seed harvester was developed keeping in view the requirements of common grasses used as feed material in Indian context. This grass seed harvester was made using nylon brushes arranged in specific fashion on a rotating cylinder and a winding reel in front of rotating cylinder to collect seed from the grasses standing in the fields where tractor can operate. The specific features of this machine were variable speed of rotating cylinder brush, special arrangement of brushes on the cylinder to carry the detached seed into the seed box, variable height of operation and front mounting of the machine on tractor. This machine was tested for seed collection in Pennisetum pedicellatumCenchrus cilliaris (Dinanath grass) and (Anjan grass). Seed collection capacity of the machine was 4.24 to 7.12 kg/h in Dinanath grass during 2 operation and 2.10 to 3.56 kg/h in Anjan grass at ndthe full maturity in two passes of the machine in to and fro direction. The field capacity of seed collection operations ranged from 0.21 to 0.47 ha/h.
{"title":"Development of tractor operated front mounted grass seed harvester","authors":"C. S. Sahay, D. S. Thorat, P. K. Pathak","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.16","url":null,"abstract":"In order to increase the productivity of grasslands and rangelands, grass seed collection from large fields is required. Manual grass seed collection is a labor and time consuming operation. A tractor operated grass seed harvester was developed keeping in view the requirements of common grasses used as feed material in Indian context. This grass seed harvester was made using nylon brushes arranged in specific fashion on a rotating cylinder and a winding reel in front of rotating cylinder to collect seed from the grasses standing in the fields where tractor can operate. The specific features of this machine were variable speed of rotating cylinder brush, special arrangement of brushes on the cylinder to carry the detached seed into the seed box, variable height of operation and front mounting of the machine on tractor. This machine was tested for seed collection in Pennisetum pedicellatumCenchrus cilliaris (Dinanath grass) and (Anjan grass). Seed collection capacity of the machine was 4.24 to 7.12 kg/h in Dinanath grass during 2 operation and 2.10 to 3.56 kg/h in Anjan grass at ndthe full maturity in two passes of the machine in to and fro direction. The field capacity of seed collection operations ranged from 0.21 to 0.47 ha/h.","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"39 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139169287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.05
V. Subbulakshmi, K. Sheetal, P. Renjith, N. S. Nathawat, Birbal, M. L. Soni, N. Yadava, S. Kala
A field experiment was initiated in 2017 to evaluate the effect of tree species and tree spacing on intercrop productivity and tree growth with advancing age of and in an agroforestry Prosopis cinerariaAilanthus excelsasystem at Bikaner, Rajasthan. Both and were planted at three spacings: 4m × 4m, 6m × P. cinerariaA. excelsa6m and 8m × 8m; and L. Taub. (Cluster bean) was grown as intercrop during the Cyamopsis tetragonolobakharifA. excelsa seasons of 2018 and 2023. At 24 months after planting (MAP), trees were significantly taller and thicker in wider spacings of 6m × 6m and 8m × 8m compared to closer spacing of 4m × 4m; while in P. cineraria, different spacings did not significantly affect tree height and collar diameter. In this period, collar diameter and height of increased by 10.9 and 6.9-fold in 6m × 6m and 9.9 and 6.8-fold in 8m × 8m A. excelsaspacing, respectively. Percent increment in tree growth parameters were higher during initial growth period (6-12 MAP), and decreased in the subsequent months for both . Among the different A. excelsa and P. cinerariaspacings, higher percent increment in collar diameter in both the species at 24 MAP was recorded in 6m × 6m spacing. The intercrop yield in both the years was not significantly affected by different tree species and spacings. The study indicated that could be established and grown faster in arid region at wider A. excelsaspacings to get maximum tree growth
{"title":"Early tree growth and crop yields under and Prosopis cinerariaAilanthus excelsa based agroforestry system in north western India","authors":"V. Subbulakshmi, K. Sheetal, P. Renjith, N. S. Nathawat, Birbal, M. L. Soni, N. Yadava, S. Kala","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.05","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was initiated in 2017 to evaluate the effect of tree species and tree spacing on intercrop productivity and tree growth with advancing age of and in an agroforestry Prosopis cinerariaAilanthus excelsasystem at Bikaner, Rajasthan. Both and were planted at three spacings: 4m × 4m, 6m × P. cinerariaA. excelsa6m and 8m × 8m; and L. Taub. (Cluster bean) was grown as intercrop during the Cyamopsis tetragonolobakharifA. excelsa seasons of 2018 and 2023. At 24 months after planting (MAP), trees were significantly taller and thicker in wider spacings of 6m × 6m and 8m × 8m compared to closer spacing of 4m × 4m; while in P. cineraria, different spacings did not significantly affect tree height and collar diameter. In this period, collar diameter and height of increased by 10.9 and 6.9-fold in 6m × 6m and 9.9 and 6.8-fold in 8m × 8m A. excelsaspacing, respectively. Percent increment in tree growth parameters were higher during initial growth period (6-12 MAP), and decreased in the subsequent months for both . Among the different A. excelsa and P. cinerariaspacings, higher percent increment in collar diameter in both the species at 24 MAP was recorded in 6m × 6m spacing. The intercrop yield in both the years was not significantly affected by different tree species and spacings. The study indicated that could be established and grown faster in arid region at wider A. excelsaspacings to get maximum tree growth","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"85 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.24
N. S. Kulkarni, M.C Keerth, B.G Shivakumar
Seasonal incidence of fall army worm in maize at Dharwad indicated its occurrence both in and kharifrabi seasons The incidence was more during the season. Highest incidence of 50% was noticed during last . kharif week of August and second peak incidence of 30% was noticed during last week of December. Correlation between seasonal incidence of fall army worm and weather parameters indicated that there was a significant negative correlation with the rainfall (-0.60**) and morning humidity (-0.50*). Biology of fall army worm indicated that it completed its total life cycle in 31-44 days on maize comprising of six larval instar stages. Among the entomo-pathogens tested against the fall army worm,(2 x 10 cfu/g)Metarhizium (Nomuraea) rileyi 8 was found to be superior and it was at par with neem formulation (azadirachtin 3000 ppm) @ 5ml/l
{"title":"Seasonal incidence, biology and management of fall army worm (Spodoptera frugiperda, J.E. Smith) on fodder maize","authors":"N. S. Kulkarni, M.C Keerth, B.G Shivakumar","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.24","url":null,"abstract":"Seasonal incidence of fall army worm in maize at Dharwad indicated its occurrence both in and kharifrabi seasons The incidence was more during the season. Highest incidence of 50% was noticed during last . kharif week of August and second peak incidence of 30% was noticed during last week of December. Correlation between seasonal incidence of fall army worm and weather parameters indicated that there was a significant negative correlation with the rainfall (-0.60**) and morning humidity (-0.50*). Biology of fall army worm indicated that it completed its total life cycle in 31-44 days on maize comprising of six larval instar stages. Among the entomo-pathogens tested against the fall army worm,(2 x 10 cfu/g)Metarhizium (Nomuraea) rileyi 8 was found to be superior and it was at par with neem formulation (azadirachtin 3000 ppm) @ 5ml/l","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"28 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139169758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.19
A. Fahim, Rajbir Singh, N. Ali, Dev Saran Sahu, Amit Kumar, Debashis Roy, Khairuddin
A three-months feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding leaves as Moringa ole feraireplacement to concentrate in the ration of growing goat. Eighteen female Barbari goats of uniform age and conformation (16.65 ± 1.20 kg; 11 to 13 months) were divided randomly into three groups. The animals in control group (T ) were fed basal diet consisting of roughage and concentrate in equal proportion, whereas in 1treatment groups T and T the concentrate mixture was partially replaced with dried leaves at 23Moringa oleifera 05% and 10% levels, respectively. Significantly (P&38;lt0.01) higher average daily feed intake was recorded in T 3group compared to T and T groups. Mean daily body weight gain was significantly (P&38;lt0.01) higher in T group, 123than T and T . The biochemical parameters showed significant (P&38;lt0.01) lowering in blood cholesterol in T213 and a significant (P&38;lt0.05) elevation in total protein and globulin at the end of experiment. The cost-benefit analysis of dietary treatment showed that it was 0.79, 0.83 and 1.02 for T , T and T , respectively. It was 123concluded that dried leaves could replace up to 10% of concentrate in growing goats without Moringa oleifera impairing their performance and health status, while reducing the cost of feed
我们进行了一项为期三个月的饲喂试验，以研究在生长山羊的日粮中添加辣木叶替代精料的效果。18 只年龄和体型一致的巴巴里雌山羊（16.65 ± 1.20 千克；11 至 13 个月）被随机分为三组。对照组（T）饲喂由粗饲料和精饲料等比例组成的基础日粮，而处理组（T）和处理组（T）则分别用 05% 和 10% 的 23Moringa oleifera 干树叶部分替代精饲料混合物。与 T 组和 T 组相比，T 3 组的平均日采食量显著较高（P&38；lt0.01）。T 组的平均日增重明显高于 T 组和 T 组（P&38；lt0.01）。生化指标显示，实验结束时，T213 组的血胆固醇明显降低（P&38;lt0.01），总蛋白和球蛋白明显升高（P&38;lt0.05）。日粮处理的成本效益分析表明，T、T 和 T 的成本效益分别为 0.79、0.83 和 1.02。123结论是，干树叶可替代生长山羊 10% 的精料，不会影响山羊的生产性能和健康状况，同时还能降低饲料成本。
{"title":"Effect of feeding dried leaves on growth performance, Moringa ole fera iblood biochemical status and economy of production in Barbari goats","authors":"A. Fahim, Rajbir Singh, N. Ali, Dev Saran Sahu, Amit Kumar, Debashis Roy, Khairuddin","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.19","url":null,"abstract":"A three-months feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding leaves as Moringa ole feraireplacement to concentrate in the ration of growing goat. Eighteen female Barbari goats of uniform age and conformation (16.65 ± 1.20 kg; 11 to 13 months) were divided randomly into three groups. The animals in control group (T ) were fed basal diet consisting of roughage and concentrate in equal proportion, whereas in 1treatment groups T and T the concentrate mixture was partially replaced with dried leaves at 23Moringa oleifera 05% and 10% levels, respectively. Significantly (P&38;lt0.01) higher average daily feed intake was recorded in T 3group compared to T and T groups. Mean daily body weight gain was significantly (P&38;lt0.01) higher in T group, 123than T and T . The biochemical parameters showed significant (P&38;lt0.01) lowering in blood cholesterol in T213 and a significant (P&38;lt0.05) elevation in total protein and globulin at the end of experiment. The cost-benefit analysis of dietary treatment showed that it was 0.79, 0.83 and 1.02 for T , T and T , respectively. It was 123concluded that dried leaves could replace up to 10% of concentrate in growing goats without Moringa oleifera impairing their performance and health status, while reducing the cost of feed","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"198 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.03
S. N. Ram, Kamin, Manjanagouda S. Sannagoudar
A study was conducted from 2018 to 2022 on ten year old based silvopasture system at Hardwickia binataIndian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi. The treatment consisted of establishment of three types of grasses and in association with viz. Cenchrus ciliaris, Chrysopogon fulvusPanicum maximumH. binataH. binataC. fulvus and three pruning intensities of 30%, 45% and 60%. Establishment of viz.in association with recorded significantly higher dry pasture yield (7.91- 8.93 t/ha) as compared to H. binata P. maximumC. ciliaris (6.19-7.08 t/ha) and it was found at par with (7.62-8.70 t/ha) during 1 to . In st4 yearsthpruning, 60% canopy pruning of recorded significantly higher pasture yield (7.99, 8.40 and 8.99 t/ha) H. binataas compared to 30% canopy pruning (7.19, 7.27 and 7.38 t/ha) and 45% canopy pruning (7.67, 7.95 and 8.33 t/ha). Organic carbon content (0.646%) was significantly increased with during respectively2 , 3 and 4 yearsndrdthC. fulvusP. maximumC. ciliaris as compared to (0.591%) and it was found at par with (0.627%) in 4 year of thstudy. Available nitrogen (260.60 kg/ha), phosphorus (9.36 kg/ha), potash (238.70 kg/ha) and organic carbon (0.663%) were also significantly increased with 30% canopy pruning as compared to 60% canopy of H. binatapruning in . recorded 79.90% higher carbon stock in 4 year of study (19.61 t/ha) as compared 4 yearthH. binatathto initial year. Total carbon stock of the system was maximum with in association with (39.29 C. fulvus H. binata and 50.73 t/ha) closely followed by (38.51 and 50.30 t/ha) and (36.20 and 46.68 t/ha) C. ciliaris P. maximum during . recorded significantly 1 Among pruning, 30% canopy pruning of stand 4 years respectivelythH. binata higher total carbon stock during of the system (50.82 t/ha) as compared to 60% canopy pruning (47.42 t/ha)4 thyear.of study
{"title":"Forage productivity and carbon storage from based Hardwickia binatasilvopasture systems in semi arid rainfed conditions","authors":"S. N. Ram, Kamin, Manjanagouda S. Sannagoudar","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.03","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted from 2018 to 2022 on ten year old based silvopasture system at Hardwickia binataIndian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi. The treatment consisted of establishment of three types of grasses and in association with viz. Cenchrus ciliaris, Chrysopogon fulvusPanicum maximumH. binataH. binataC. fulvus and three pruning intensities of 30%, 45% and 60%. Establishment of viz.in association with recorded significantly higher dry pasture yield (7.91- 8.93 t/ha) as compared to H. binata P. maximumC. ciliaris (6.19-7.08 t/ha) and it was found at par with (7.62-8.70 t/ha) during 1 to . In st4 yearsthpruning, 60% canopy pruning of recorded significantly higher pasture yield (7.99, 8.40 and 8.99 t/ha) H. binataas compared to 30% canopy pruning (7.19, 7.27 and 7.38 t/ha) and 45% canopy pruning (7.67, 7.95 and 8.33 t/ha). Organic carbon content (0.646%) was significantly increased with during respectively2 , 3 and 4 yearsndrdthC. fulvusP. maximumC. ciliaris as compared to (0.591%) and it was found at par with (0.627%) in 4 year of thstudy. Available nitrogen (260.60 kg/ha), phosphorus (9.36 kg/ha), potash (238.70 kg/ha) and organic carbon (0.663%) were also significantly increased with 30% canopy pruning as compared to 60% canopy of H. binatapruning in . recorded 79.90% higher carbon stock in 4 year of study (19.61 t/ha) as compared 4 yearthH. binatathto initial year. Total carbon stock of the system was maximum with in association with (39.29 C. fulvus H. binata and 50.73 t/ha) closely followed by (38.51 and 50.30 t/ha) and (36.20 and 46.68 t/ha) C. ciliaris P. maximum during . recorded significantly 1 Among pruning, 30% canopy pruning of stand 4 years respectivelythH. binata higher total carbon stock during of the system (50.82 t/ha) as compared to 60% canopy pruning (47.42 t/ha)4 thyear.of study","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"47 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.07
Vinodkumar S.K, K. Sridhar, S.K Deshpande, N.S Kulkarni
An investigation was carried out to evaluate seventy lucerne ( L.) genotypes during 2020-Medicago sativarabi 21 at SRRS, IGFRI, Dharwad to determine the character association of ten morphological traits to improve the fodder yield. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the genotypes for all the traits studied. Correlation analysis revealed that dry fodder yield, plant height, number of branches per plant were significantly and positively associated at genotypic as well as phenotypic level with green fodder yield. Inter-correlation study revealed that a positive and significant association was found among plant height, number of branches per plant and dry fodder yield. The leaf to stem ratio, on the other hand, was negatively associated with green fodder yield. The results of path analysis revealed that dry fodder yield had the highest positive direct effect on green fodder yield, followed by plant height and number of branches per plant. While plant height and number of branches per plant contributed indirectly via dry fodder yield for green fodder yield.The study indicated that these characters would enhance the effectiveness of selection for higher fodder yield in lucerne
{"title":"Association studies for yield and yield components in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes.","authors":"Vinodkumar S.K, K. Sridhar, S.K Deshpande, N.S Kulkarni","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.07","url":null,"abstract":"An investigation was carried out to evaluate seventy lucerne ( L.) genotypes during 2020-Medicago sativarabi 21 at SRRS, IGFRI, Dharwad to determine the character association of ten morphological traits to improve the fodder yield. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the genotypes for all the traits studied. Correlation analysis revealed that dry fodder yield, plant height, number of branches per plant were significantly and positively associated at genotypic as well as phenotypic level with green fodder yield. Inter-correlation study revealed that a positive and significant association was found among plant height, number of branches per plant and dry fodder yield. The leaf to stem ratio, on the other hand, was negatively associated with green fodder yield. The results of path analysis revealed that dry fodder yield had the highest positive direct effect on green fodder yield, followed by plant height and number of branches per plant. While plant height and number of branches per plant contributed indirectly via dry fodder yield for green fodder yield.The study indicated that these characters would enhance the effectiveness of selection for higher fodder yield in lucerne","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"12 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.08
Devinder Pal Singh, Mohit Jain, Meenakshi Goyal, Surinder K Sandhu
The objective of the current study was to assess the extent of genetic variation among twenty-seven maize varieties using morpho-agronomic data based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and to measure the genetic distance among these genotypes using hierarchical cluster analysis. Twenty-seven composites were grown in a randomised complete block design with three replications for two years. The experimental material was assessed for 15 morpho-agronomic traits. Green fodder yield depends on various other traits such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and fodder quality traits such as crude protein, acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre. This study showed a positive correlation of green fodder yield with various such traits. A very high positive correlation was noticed between number of leaves and ear height (0.723) and between crude protein and dry matter digestibility (0.823). However, crude protein showed a significant in vitronegative correlation with acid detergent fibre (-0.739) and neutral detergent fibre (-0.678). Five principal components had more than one eigen value, contributing 75% variability among genotypes. PC contributes 125.1% followed by PC with 19.9%, PC with 12.5%, PC with 9.7% and PC with 7.8%. The scree plot revealed 2345that the experimental material could be divided into five clusters. The genotypes under cluster five could be used to improve green fodder yield. The minimum intra-cluster distance observed for cluster 1 was 48.008, and the maximum inter-cluster distance observed between clusters 2 and 5 was 259.45. The different groups obtained could be useful for deriving the inbred lines with diverse features, which could be used in various maize breeding programmes.
{"title":"Genetic divergence studies of fodder yield and quality attributing characteristics in promising maize (Zea mays L.)composites","authors":"Devinder Pal Singh, Mohit Jain, Meenakshi Goyal, Surinder K Sandhu","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.08","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the current study was to assess the extent of genetic variation among twenty-seven maize varieties using morpho-agronomic data based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and to measure the genetic distance among these genotypes using hierarchical cluster analysis. Twenty-seven composites were grown in a randomised complete block design with three replications for two years. The experimental material was assessed for 15 morpho-agronomic traits. Green fodder yield depends on various other traits such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and fodder quality traits such as crude protein, acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre. This study showed a positive correlation of green fodder yield with various such traits. A very high positive correlation was noticed between number of leaves and ear height (0.723) and between crude protein and dry matter digestibility (0.823). However, crude protein showed a significant in vitronegative correlation with acid detergent fibre (-0.739) and neutral detergent fibre (-0.678). Five principal components had more than one eigen value, contributing 75% variability among genotypes. PC contributes 125.1% followed by PC with 19.9%, PC with 12.5%, PC with 9.7% and PC with 7.8%. The scree plot revealed 2345that the experimental material could be divided into five clusters. The genotypes under cluster five could be used to improve green fodder yield. The minimum intra-cluster distance observed for cluster 1 was 48.008, and the maximum inter-cluster distance observed between clusters 2 and 5 was 259.45. The different groups obtained could be useful for deriving the inbred lines with diverse features, which could be used in various maize breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"3 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.13
H. Halli, V. K. Wasnik, B.G Shivakumar, A.K Singh, V. K. Yadav, Sunil Swami, Manjanagouda S.S, Gurumurthy S
The unavailability of adequate quality seeds and green fodder during the lean period together affects livestock productivity in the country. Hence, it is necessary to assure the availability of quality seeds for sowing and green fodder to feed the livestock. To study this, field experiments were conducted on fodder maize at two locations in the country. Treatments included four detopping (DT) practices ., T : no DT, T : DT at 10 days viz12after (DA) 50% silking, T : DT at 20 DA 50% silking and T : DT at 30 DA 50% silking. Results demonstrated that 34DT at 10, and 20 DA 50% silking is not advisable in fodder maize for seed production as it considerably reduced the biomass accumulation (252.4-254.5 g/plant) and leaf relative water content (44.79-63.95%). However, no DT produced the highest growth attributes and green fodder yield followed by DT at 30 DA 50% silking which was at par with no DT regarding 100 seed weight (23.01 g) and seed yield (2725 kg/ha) with an additional green fodder yield (3245 kg/ha). Thus, no DT followed by DT at 30 DA 50% silking favored the economics of fodder maize seed production (gross return, net return, and benefit-cost ratio). Regarding locations, Dharwad (Karnataka) outperformed Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh) regarding growth, seed yield attributes, and the economics of fodder maize. Therefore, DT at 30 DA 50% silking could supply additional green fodder (3245 kg/ha) with a 14% compromise in the seed yield of fodder maize
{"title":"Influence of detopping practices on green fodder availability, seed yield and economics of fodder maize (Zea mays L.) in central and southern Zea maysplateau regions of India","authors":"H. Halli, V. K. Wasnik, B.G Shivakumar, A.K Singh, V. K. Yadav, Sunil Swami, Manjanagouda S.S, Gurumurthy S","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.13","url":null,"abstract":"The unavailability of adequate quality seeds and green fodder during the lean period together affects livestock productivity in the country. Hence, it is necessary to assure the availability of quality seeds for sowing and green fodder to feed the livestock. To study this, field experiments were conducted on fodder maize at two locations in the country. Treatments included four detopping (DT) practices ., T : no DT, T : DT at 10 days viz12after (DA) 50% silking, T : DT at 20 DA 50% silking and T : DT at 30 DA 50% silking. Results demonstrated that 34DT at 10, and 20 DA 50% silking is not advisable in fodder maize for seed production as it considerably reduced the biomass accumulation (252.4-254.5 g/plant) and leaf relative water content (44.79-63.95%). However, no DT produced the highest growth attributes and green fodder yield followed by DT at 30 DA 50% silking which was at par with no DT regarding 100 seed weight (23.01 g) and seed yield (2725 kg/ha) with an additional green fodder yield (3245 kg/ha). Thus, no DT followed by DT at 30 DA 50% silking favored the economics of fodder maize seed production (gross return, net return, and benefit-cost ratio). Regarding locations, Dharwad (Karnataka) outperformed Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh) regarding growth, seed yield attributes, and the economics of fodder maize. Therefore, DT at 30 DA 50% silking could supply additional green fodder (3245 kg/ha) with a 14% compromise in the seed yield of fodder maize","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"127 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.12
Manjeet Kaur, A. Atri, Daljeet Singh
Stem rot of Egyptian clover ( L.) is considered as one of the major constraints for green Trifolium alexandrinumfodder and seed yield. Berseem stem rot is incited by a soil borne pathogen . Botanical Sclerotinia sclerotiorumextracts of , , , neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) and organic Aegle marmelos Melia azedarach Murraya koenigiiproducts like panchagavya, compost tea and poultry manure were evaluated for the management of stem rot disease. Botanical extracts were applied as foliar spray and seed treatment as well and organic inputs were applied as soil application and foliar spray. Among botanicals, application of showed a significant A. marmelosreduction in stem rot by 54.50% with 24.20% increase in green fodder yield. Among organic inputs, application of panchagavya significantly controlled the stem rot disease by 46.15% and enhanced the green fodder yield by 21.30% than untreated control. Application of panchagavya followed by leaf extracts along A. marmeloswith significant disease control also enhanced green fodder yield during both seasons. Average disease control attained by application of panchagavya and was 54.50 and 46.15% and enhanced green A. marmelos fodder yield was 24.20 and 21.30%, respectively. The current study showed that plant extracts and organic inputs have potential for the management of stem rot of berseem.
{"title":"Non-chemical management of stem rot disease of Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)","authors":"Manjeet Kaur, A. Atri, Daljeet Singh","doi":"10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59515/rma.2023.v44.i2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Stem rot of Egyptian clover ( L.) is considered as one of the major constraints for green Trifolium alexandrinumfodder and seed yield. Berseem stem rot is incited by a soil borne pathogen . Botanical Sclerotinia sclerotiorumextracts of , , , neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) and organic Aegle marmelos Melia azedarach Murraya koenigiiproducts like panchagavya, compost tea and poultry manure were evaluated for the management of stem rot disease. Botanical extracts were applied as foliar spray and seed treatment as well and organic inputs were applied as soil application and foliar spray. Among botanicals, application of showed a significant A. marmelosreduction in stem rot by 54.50% with 24.20% increase in green fodder yield. Among organic inputs, application of panchagavya significantly controlled the stem rot disease by 46.15% and enhanced the green fodder yield by 21.30% than untreated control. Application of panchagavya followed by leaf extracts along A. marmeloswith significant disease control also enhanced green fodder yield during both seasons. Average disease control attained by application of panchagavya and was 54.50 and 46.15% and enhanced green A. marmelos fodder yield was 24.20 and 21.30%, respectively. The current study showed that plant extracts and organic inputs have potential for the management of stem rot of berseem.","PeriodicalId":49636,"journal":{"name":"Range Management and Agroforestry","volume":"34 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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