Medical Engineering & Physics最新文献_第8页

Evaluation of vertebrobasilar arterial blood flow during HeartMate3 support via computational fluid dynamics analyses 通过计算流体动力学分析评估HeartMate3支持期间椎基底动脉血流

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104423

Selim Bozkurt

Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices (CF-LVADs) are used to support the failing left ventricle in patients with end-stage heart failure. CF-LVADs unload the left ventricle continuously and generate non-physiological blood flow in the cardiovascular system, which may cause major complications, including neurological events such as haemorrhagic strokes. Therefore, quantifying the blood velocities and analysing altered blood flow in the cerebral circulation during CF-LVAD support will help to understand the effects of mechanical circulatory support on cerebral blood flow. The aim of this study is to evaluate blood flow in the vertebrobasilar arteries in a healthy condition and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and during HeartMate 3 CF-LVAD support. Blood velocities and wall shear stresses in the vertebrobasilar arteries were evaluated using Computational Fluid Dynamics analyses for a healthy condition, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and during HeartMate 3 support. Simulation results showed that time-averaged wall shear stress and relative residence time decrease in the vertebrobasilar arteries in heart failure. HeartMate 3 support provides comparable cerebral arterial average blood flow rates, pressures, time-averaged wall shear stresses and relative residence times to healthy conditions, although wall shear stresses and blood velocities are altered.

连续血流左心室辅助装置（cf - lvad）用于支持终末期心力衰竭患者衰竭的左心室。cf - lvad持续卸载左心室，并在心血管系统中产生非生理性血流，这可能导致主要并发症，包括出血性中风等神经系统事件。因此，量化血流速度和分析在CF-LVAD支持期间脑循环血流的变化将有助于了解机械循环支持对脑血流的影响。本研究的目的是评估健康状态下椎基底动脉的血流量和心力衰竭伴射血分数降低以及在HeartMate 3 CF-LVAD支持期间的血流量。使用计算流体动力学分析对健康状态、射血分数降低的心力衰竭和HeartMate 3支持期间的椎基底动脉血流速度和壁剪切应力进行评估。模拟结果表明，心力衰竭时椎基底动脉壁平均剪应力和相对停留时间降低。HeartMate 3支持提供了与健康状况相当的脑动脉平均血流量、压力、时间平均壁剪切应力和相对停留时间，尽管壁剪切应力和血流速度发生了变化。

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引用次数: 0

Test-retest reliability of non-invasive P2/P1 ratio and time to peak at rest and during isometric handgrip stress 无创P2/P1比值的重测信度以及静止和等距握力时的峰值时间

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104421

Alinne A. Oliveira, Mansueto Gomes-Neto, Alanne Oliveira, Filipe Malta, Gabriel Novaes, Vitor Oliveira Carvalho, Rafael Pereira

Purpose

This study aimed to determine the test-retest reliability of the non-invasive P2/P1 ratio, a metric derived from cranial pulsatility waveforms, in healthy young adults under both resting and physiological stress conditions.

Methods

Intracranial pulsatility waveforms were acquired from 58 healthy young adults (mean age 23.4 ± 4.0 years). The protocol involved a 5-minute baseline, 1 min of maximal isometric handgrip effort, and a 5-minute recovery period. This procedure was repeated on three separate days. Relative reliability was evaluated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and absolute reliability was assessed with the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and the Minimum Detectable Change (MDC).

Results

The P2/P1 ratio demonstrated good test-retest reliability across all conditions: baseline (ICC = 0.72), during maximal isometric effort (ICC = 0.74), and recovery (ICC = 0.72). Absolute reliability was high, with a small Standard Error of Measurement (SEM ≤ 0.1) and a Minimum Detectable Change (MDC95) of approximately 0.24 established during the effort.

Conclusion

The non-invasively measured P2/P1 ratio is a reliable metric in healthy young adults, maintaining its consistency even during significant cardiovascular stress. This study also establishes the MDC, providing a quantitative threshold to distinguish true physiological changes from measurement error. These findings support the use of the P2/P1 ratio for monitoring cerebrovascular dynamics and provide foundational data for future studies in clinical populations, such as critically ill patients.

目的：本研究旨在确定健康年轻人在静息和生理应激条件下无创P2/P1比值的测试-重测可靠性。方法对58例健康青年（平均年龄23.4±4.0岁）进行颅内脉搏波形分析。该方案包括5分钟的基线，1分钟的最大等长握力和5分钟的恢复期。这一过程分别在三天内重复进行。相对信度采用类内相关系数（ICC）评估，绝对信度采用计量标准误差（SEM）和最小可检测变化（MDC）评估。结果P2/P1比值在基线（ICC = 0.72）、最大等距努力（ICC = 0.74）和恢复（ICC = 0.72）等条件下均表现出良好的重测信度。绝对可靠性很高，测量标准误差很小（SEM≤0.1），最小可检测变化（MDC95）约为0.24。结论无创测量的P2/P1比值在健康年轻人中是一个可靠的指标，即使在严重的心血管压力下也能保持其一致性。本研究还建立了MDC，提供了一个定量阈值来区分真实的生理变化和测量误差。这些发现支持使用P2/P1比值监测脑血管动力学，并为未来临床人群（如危重患者）的研究提供基础数据。

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引用次数: 0

Comparing fluid dynamics of newborn and adult centrifugal pumps in cardiopulmonary bypass procedures 新生儿和成人体外循环离心泵的流体动力学比较

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104422

Silvia Bozzi , Silvia Colombo , Federica Bisconti , Paolo Fontanili , Marco Corbelli , Filippo Consolo , Giuseppe Passoni , Alberto C.L. Redaelli

Background

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) plays a crucial role in cardiac surgery, with the pump being a key component affecting both hemolysis and thrombosis. Centrifugal levitating pumps (CP) have demonstrated superiority over roller pumps due to reduced hemolysis, but thrombotic risk remains a concern. Nonetheless, there exists a technological gap for newborn patients, with only two approved centrifugal pumps specifically tailored for their needs. Consequently, pumps originally designed for adults are often employed as substitutes for paediatric patients. However, the mismatch between pump characteristics and paediatric physiology can lead to issues like blood dilution, increased shear stress, and suboptimal performance.

Methods

This study investigates the hemodynamics of an adult CP compared to a downscaled newborn CP featuring a 40% reduction in priming volume. Computational fluid dynamics is used to assess differences in flow characteristics, shear stresses, and stagnation zones, with implications for blood damage and thrombogenicity.

Results and conclusion

The newborn pump features notably shorter exposure times (45% lower than the adult design), reduced peak stress values, and a 20% reduction in the volume of fluid exposed to stress levels exceeding 50 Pa, suggesting a potential decrease in the risk of blood damage. Additionally, its reduced extent of stagnation zones (0.13 ml compared to 0.21 ml) indicates improved washout performance, thus lowering the risk of platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. These findings suggest that using a paediatric pump instead of an adult pump at typical flow rates for newborn patients may reduce the risk of blood damage.

体外循环（CPB）在心脏外科手术中起着至关重要的作用，泵是影响溶血和血栓形成的关键部件。离心悬浮泵（CP）已证明优于滚柱泵由于减少溶血，但血栓形成的风险仍然是一个问题。尽管如此，对于新生儿患者来说，仍然存在技术上的差距，只有两个专门为他们的需求量身定制的经批准的离心泵。因此，最初为成人设计的泵经常被用作儿科患者的替代品。然而，泵特性与儿童生理之间的不匹配可能导致血液稀释、剪切应力增加和性能不佳等问题。方法：本研究研究了成人CP与缩小后的新生儿CP的血流动力学，新生儿CP的启动体积减少了40%。计算流体动力学用于评估流动特性、剪切应力和停滞区的差异，以及对血液损伤和血栓形成的影响。结果与结论新生儿泵具有明显缩短暴露时间（比成人设计低45%），降低峰值应力值，并且暴露在超过50 Pa的压力水平下的液体体积减少20%，这表明可能降低血液损伤的风险。此外，其停滞区范围的减少（0.13 ml与0.21 ml相比）表明冲洗性能得到改善，从而降低了血小板聚集和血栓形成的风险。这些发现表明，使用儿科泵代替成人泵，以典型的流量为新生儿患者可能会降低血液损伤的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Graph-enhanced deep learning for ECG arrhythmia detection: An integration of CNN-GNN-BiLSTM approach 图增强深度学习用于心电心律失常检测：CNN-GNN-BiLSTM方法的集成

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104418

Piyush Mahajan, Amit Kaul

Early and accurate detection of cardiac arrhythmias is crucial for preventing severe cardiovascular events. This study proposes a CNN–GNN–BiLSTM integrated framework for automated ECG arrhythmia classification, combining spatial, relational, and temporal learning to achieve enhanced predictive accuracy. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) serve as feature extractors from ECG spectrograms, while Graph Attention Networks (GATs) capture inter-beat relationships through graph-based modeling. In parallel, Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) networks refine temporal dependencies, ensuring robust sequential representation. Outputs from GAT and BiLSTM modules are concatenated to form a unified feature representation, which is passed through a fully connected classifier for final prediction. The model is evaluated on three benchmark ECG datasets—MIT-BIH, PTB, and Chapman-Shaoxing—as well as a combined 11-class dataset, demonstrating superior generalization. Results indicate significant performance improvement over conventional deep learning approaches, achieving 96.0% overall accuracy and up to 99.89% accuracy on MIT-BIH. The proposed framework effectively mitigates misclassification errors and offers a scalable, real-time solution for AI-driven cardiac monitoring systems.

早期准确发现心律失常对预防严重心血管事件至关重要。本研究提出了一个CNN-GNN-BiLSTM集成框架用于自动心电心律失常分类，结合空间、关系和时间学习来提高预测准确性。卷积神经网络（cnn）作为心电频谱的特征提取器，而图注意网络（GATs）通过基于图的建模来捕获心跳间的关系。同时，双向长短期记忆（BiLSTM）网络改进了时间依赖性，确保了稳健的序列表示。GAT和BiLSTM模块的输出被连接起来，形成一个统一的特征表示，并通过一个全连接的分类器进行最终预测。该模型在三个基准心电数据集（mit - bih， PTB和chapman - shaoxi）以及11类数据集上进行了评估，显示出优越的泛化能力。结果表明，与传统的深度学习方法相比，性能有了显著的提高，在MIT-BIH上达到了96.0%的总体准确率和99.89%的准确率。提出的框架有效地减轻了误分类错误，并为人工智能驱动的心脏监测系统提供了可扩展的实时解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive analysis of anatomical sites for transcutaneous bilirubin measurements in neonates using Monte Carlo multi-layered simulations 利用蒙特卡罗多层模拟对新生儿经皮胆红素测量的解剖部位进行综合分析

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104417

Umme Abiha , Harsh Saxena , Dip Sankar Banerjee , Saptarshi Mandal

The study utilises the Monte Carlo Multi-Layered (MCML) simulation framework to investigate the anatomical-site-specific variation in transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) measurements in neonates. Neonatal skin was modelled as a three-layered turbid medium, and simulations were conducted to evaluate the spectral reflectance response to varying concentrations of bilirubin, melanin, and blood across four anatomical sites: forehead, abdomen, palm, and sole. The findings reveal that spectral changes are most pronounced in chromophore-dependent spectral bands, particularly between 420–520 nm for bilirubin and 500–600 nm for haemoglobin. An inverse algorithm was proposed to calculate bilirubin concentration from light reflection and validated using both simulation-generated spectra and physical skin phantoms. Results demonstrate that the forehead consistently yields the lowest relative error in bilirubin estimation, while the abdomen exhibits significant inaccuracies. The study highlights the utility of MCML in informing algorithm development and guiding sensor placement for non-invasive neonatal monitoring. These insights provide a foundational framework for the design of clinically deployable, multi-parametric TcB devices and emphasise the need for anatomical site optimisation, algorithmic calibration, and eventual clinical validation.

该研究利用蒙特卡罗多层（MCML）模拟框架来研究新生儿经皮胆红素（TcB）测量的解剖部位特异性变化。将新生儿皮肤建模为三层浑浊介质，并进行模拟，以评估四个解剖部位（前额、腹部、手掌和鞋底）对不同浓度胆红素、黑色素和血液的光谱反射响应。研究结果表明，光谱变化在发色团依赖的光谱带中最为明显，特别是在胆红素的420-520 nm和血红蛋白的500-600 nm之间。提出了一种从光反射计算胆红素浓度的逆算法，并使用模拟生成的光谱和物理皮肤幻影进行了验证。结果表明，在胆红素估计中，前额始终产生最低的相对误差，而腹部则表现出显著的不准确性。该研究强调了MCML在为非侵入性新生儿监测提供算法开发和指导传感器放置方面的效用。这些见解为设计临床可部署的多参数TcB设备提供了基础框架，并强调了解剖部位优化、算法校准和最终临床验证的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Preclinical analysis of a novel short hip-stem design: A finite element model-based investigation 一种新型短髋干设计的临床前分析：基于有限元模型的研究

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104415

Abhik Chaudhuri , Tanmoy Loha , Prashanta Kr Mahato , Andrew A Amis , Bidyut Pal

This study proposes a novel uncemented short hip stem, adapted from a long stem design to reduce strain shielding and bone resorption and improve osseointegration. It consists of a central core of Ti alloy with buttresses (inner solid and outer porous) protruding radially outwards. The slots between the buttresses are filled with bone substitute material. The present study investigated the short-stem's mechanical behaviour, focusing on strain shielding and bone remodelling in short and long terms, respectively. The results were compared to those of the solid counterpart with overall same geometry. Computer Tomography (CT) based 3D FE models of an intact and reconstructed femur were used. The models were solved for two static loading cases: normal walking and stair climbing. Strain shielding was observed across all the Gruen Zones with both the stems; however, to a much lesser extent (

\sim 44 %,

on average) with the porous stem. Subsequent bone resorption was also predicted to be of much lesser degree (

\sim 42 %,

on average) with the porous stem. Furthermore, strain concentration in the bone around the porous stem tip was less prominent than the solid stem, indicating lower risk of thigh pain. The porous short stem design offers promising results, both in short and long terms.

本研究提出了一种新型的非骨水泥短髋关节干，改编自长髋关节干设计，以减少应变屏蔽和骨吸收，并改善骨整合。它由钛合金的中心核心组成，支撑（内部实心，外部多孔）呈放射状向外突出。扶壁之间的缝隙用骨替代物填充。本研究调查了短茎的力学行为，分别关注短期和长期的应变屏蔽和骨重塑。将结果与整体几何形状相同的固体对应物的结果进行比较。使用基于计算机断层扫描（CT）的完整股骨和重建股骨的三维有限元模型。求解了正常行走和爬楼梯两种静态加载情况下的模型。在两根茎的所有格伦区均观察到应变屏蔽；然而，多孔茎的影响程度要小得多（平均约44%）。随后的骨吸收也被预测为低得多的程度（平均约42%）。此外，多孔骨柄尖端周围骨的应变浓度不如实心骨柄突出，表明大腿疼痛的风险较低。多孔短阀杆设计在短期和长期内都有很好的效果。

{"title":"Preclinical analysis of a novel short hip-stem design: A finite element model-based investigation","authors":"Abhik Chaudhuri , Tanmoy Loha , Prashanta Kr Mahato , Andrew A Amis , Bidyut Pal","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel uncemented short hip stem, adapted from a long stem design to reduce strain shielding and bone resorption and improve osseointegration. It consists of a central core of Ti alloy with buttresses (inner solid and outer porous) protruding radially outwards. The slots between the buttresses are filled with bone substitute material. The present study investigated the short-stem's mechanical behaviour, focusing on strain shielding and bone remodelling in short and long terms, respectively. The results were compared to those of the solid counterpart with overall same geometry. Computer Tomography (CT) based 3D FE models of an intact and reconstructed femur were used. The models were solved for two static loading cases: normal walking and stair climbing. Strain shielding was observed across all the Gruen Zones with both the stems; however, to a much lesser extent (<span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>44</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>on average) with the porous stem. Subsequent bone resorption was also predicted to be of much lesser degree (<span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>42</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>on average) with the porous stem. Furthermore, strain concentration in the bone around the porous stem tip was less prominent than the solid stem, indicating lower risk of thigh pain. The porous short stem design offers promising results, both in short and long terms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic dual-nanostructure antibacterial-antifouling coating for tracheostomy tubes to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia 用于气管造口管的协同双纳米结构抗菌防污涂层，以减少呼吸机相关性肺炎

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104416

Jie Gong , Linsai Guan , Feiyao Wang , Muhammad Fayyaz ur Rehman , Jianping Zhu

Objective

To develop a dual-nanostructure coating for tracheostomy tubes to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) by inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation through combined superhydrophobic antifouling and sustained silver ion (Ag⁺) release.

Methods

Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were functionalized with octyltriethoxysilane (OTES) for superhydrophobicity (water contact angle: 162.8 ± 1°, sliding angle: 3.1 ± 0.5°) and loaded with 5–10 nm Ag₂O nanoparticles. Stability was evaluated via sandpaper abrasion tests (15 cycles, 120 g load) and short-term immersion (24 h) in pH 2–13 solutions. In vitro evaluations included quantification of bacterial adhesion (P. aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, S. aureus; 1 × 10⁸ CFU/mL), biofilm analysis by SEM/CLSM, and CCK-8 cytotoxicity assays with NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. In vivo, an 8-pig VAP model with hourly P. aeruginosa inoculation (1 × 10⁶ CFU/mL) was used to assess tracheal biofilm thickness, lung bacterial load, and inflammatory infiltration via H&E staining.

Results

The coating retained superhydrophobicity after challenges, reduced bacterial adhesion by ≥90.2 % vs. uncoated controls in vitro with disrupted biofilms and >95 % cell viability. In pigs, it reduced tracheal biofilm thickness by 65 % (p < 0.05), lung bacterial load by 82 % (p < 0.01), and neutrophil infiltration (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The Ag₂O-MSNs@OTES coating effectively combats VAP via synergistic effects, with favorable short-term stability, excellent biocompatibility, and low cost (<$5/tube), supporting its potential for clinical translation. Further long-term stability tests are required to validate performance over extended clinical use.

目的研制一种用于气管造口管的双纳米结构涂层，通过超疏水防污和银离子（Ag +）的持续释放抑制细菌生物膜的形成，预防呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）。方法采用辛基三乙基氧基硅烷（OTES）对多孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒（MSNs）进行超疏水性修饰（水接触角为162.8±1°，滑动角为3.1±0.5°），并负载5 ~ 10 nm Ag₂O纳米颗粒。通过砂纸磨损试验（15次循环，120 g负荷）和在pH 2-13溶液中短期浸泡（24 h）来评估稳定性。体外评价包括定量细菌粘附（铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌；1 × 10⁸CFU/mL），扫描电镜/CLSM生物膜分析，以及NIH/3T3成纤维细胞CCK-8细胞毒性测定。在体内，采用每小时接种1 × 10 26 CFU/mL铜绿假单胞菌（P. aeruginosa）的8头猪VAP模型，通过H&；E染色评估气管生物膜厚度、肺部细菌负荷和炎症浸润。结果在生物膜被破坏的情况下，与未包被的对照组相比，包被在体外保持了超疏水性，细菌粘附率降低了≥90.2%，细胞活力降低了95%。在猪中，它使气管生物膜厚度减少65% (p < 0.05)，肺细菌负荷减少82% (p < 0.01)，中性粒细胞浸润减少（p < 0.05）。结论Ag₂O-MSNs@OTES涂层通过协同作用有效对抗VAP，具有较好的短期稳定性、良好的生物相容性和较低的成本（5美元/支），具有临床转化潜力。需要进一步的长期稳定性测试来验证延长临床使用的性能。

{"title":"Synergistic dual-nanostructure antibacterial-antifouling coating for tracheostomy tubes to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia","authors":"Jie Gong , Linsai Guan , Feiyao Wang , Muhammad Fayyaz ur Rehman , Jianping Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop a dual-nanostructure coating for tracheostomy tubes to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) by inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation through combined superhydrophobic antifouling and sustained silver ion (Ag⁺) release.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were functionalized with octyltriethoxysilane (OTES) for superhydrophobicity (water contact angle: 162.8 ± 1°, sliding angle: 3.1 ± 0.5°) and loaded with 5–10 nm Ag₂O nanoparticles. Stability was evaluated via sandpaper abrasion tests (15 cycles, 120 g load) and short-term immersion (24 h) in pH 2–13 solutions. In vitro evaluations included quantification of bacterial adhesion (<em>P. aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, S. aureus</em>; 1 × 10⁸ CFU/mL), biofilm analysis by SEM/CLSM, and CCK-8 cytotoxicity assays with NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. In vivo, an 8-pig VAP model with hourly P. aeruginosa inoculation (1 × 10⁶ CFU/mL) was used to assess tracheal biofilm thickness, lung bacterial load, and inflammatory infiltration via H&E staining.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The coating retained superhydrophobicity after challenges, reduced bacterial adhesion by ≥90.2 % vs. uncoated controls in vitro with disrupted biofilms and >95 % cell viability. In pigs, it reduced tracheal biofilm thickness by 65 % (<em>p</em> < 0.05), lung bacterial load by 82 % (<em>p</em> < 0.01), and neutrophil infiltration (<em>p</em> < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Ag₂O-MSNs@OTES coating effectively combats VAP via synergistic effects, with favorable short-term stability, excellent biocompatibility, and low cost (<$5/tube), supporting its potential for clinical translation. Further long-term stability tests are required to validate performance over extended clinical use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of Ozonated water in the processing of human amniotic membrane and low pressure induced dehydration associated with thermal radiation 使用臭氧水处理人羊膜和低气压引起的与热辐射有关的脱水

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104414

Aline Casarin dos Santos , Bianca Akemi Kawata , Luiz Fernando Ferreira de Oliveira , Pedro Augusto Laurindo Igreja Marrafa , Sílvia Móbille Awoyama , Adriana Barrinha Fernandes , Carlos José de Lima

The human amniotic membrane (HAM) is a biological material that is part of the placenta and contains compounds that enhance its applicability in the treatment of skin injuries, particularly concerning tissue regeneration. To utilize this membrane, it is essential to process it after collection, involving proper sterilization and storage. In this study, a dehydration technique for the amniotic membrane was developed using low pressure and incident thermal radiation. Histological analyses were performed after applying the sterilization protocol with ozonated water under hydrodynamic conditions, followed by submitting the samples to low pressure and light exposure. The results indicated that sterilization with ozonated water affected the integrity of the epithelium but did not induce significant changes in the morphology of the other components of the HAM. Additionally, exposure of this biomaterial to low pressure and thermal radiation was able to dehydrate it without altering the tissue integrity, which is extremely relevant considering its use in wound treatment. In this regard, the present study suggests that ozonation combined with exposure to low pressure and thermal radiation has the potential to be employed in the processing of HAM, thus favoring greater durability and ease of storage and transport of the biomaterial.

人羊膜（HAM）是一种生物材料，是胎盘的一部分，它含有的化合物增强了它在皮肤损伤治疗中的适用性，特别是在组织再生方面。为了利用这种膜，必须在收集后对其进行处理，包括适当的灭菌和储存。研究了一种利用低压和入射热辐射对羊膜进行脱水的技术。在水动力条件下用臭氧水消毒后进行组织学分析，然后将样品提交到低压和光照下。结果表明，臭氧水灭菌影响了上皮的完整性，但没有引起HAM其他成分形态学的显著变化。此外，将这种生物材料暴露在低压和热辐射下，能够在不改变组织完整性的情况下使其脱水，考虑到它在伤口治疗中的应用，这一点非常重要。在这方面，本研究表明，臭氧化结合暴露于低压和热辐射有可能用于火腿的加工，从而有利于生物材料的耐久性和易于储存和运输。

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引用次数: 0

Heart rate estimation for U-Net and LSTM models combining multiple attention mechanisms 结合多注意机制的U-Net和LSTM模型的心率估计

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104406

Ahui Li , Jun Cai

Accurate heart rate (HR) monitoring is pivotal in modern medical technology, particularly for disease prevention and health management. This study proposes a novel HR estimation framework that leverages advanced deep learning techniques to accurately extract HR information from noisy photoplethysmography (PPG) signals. The proposed model, termed DRL-Unet, integrates a Denoising Autoencoder (DAE), U-Net architecture, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. To further enhance robustness and precision, the model incorporates a Multi-Head Attention mechanism and Residual Network (ResNet) modules. Comparative experiments demonstrate that DRL-Unet outperforms conventional deep learning models, achieving a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 1.69 bpm, Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 3.05 bpm², Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 1.71 bpm, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 1.15%, and Bias of 0.05 bpm. The model's effectiveness is validated on a public dataset from the IEEE Signal Processing Cup, confirming its superior performance under complex noise conditions. These findings highlight the potential of DRL-Unet to significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of HR estimation, thereby offering valuable advancements for early cardiovascular disease diagnosis and continuous health monitoring.

准确的心率（HR）监测是现代医疗技术的关键，特别是对疾病预防和健康管理。本研究提出了一种新的人力资源估计框架，该框架利用先进的深度学习技术从噪声光容积脉搏波（PPG）信号中准确提取人力资源信息。该模型被称为DRL-Unet，集成了去噪自动编码器（DAE）、U-Net架构和长短期记忆（LSTM）网络。为了进一步提高鲁棒性和精度，该模型结合了多头注意机制和残余网络（ResNet）模块。对比实验表明，DRL-Unet优于传统的深度学习模型，平均绝对误差（MAE）为1.69 bpm，均方误差（MSE）为3.05 bpm²，均方根误差（RMSE）为1.71 bpm，平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）为1.15%，偏差为0.05 bpm。该模型的有效性在IEEE信号处理杯的公共数据集上得到了验证，证实了其在复杂噪声条件下的优越性能。这些发现突出了DRL-Unet在显著提高HR估计的准确性和可靠性方面的潜力，从而为早期心血管疾病诊断和持续健康监测提供了有价值的进展。

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引用次数: 0

Technique for three-dimensional assessment of prosthesis alignment after radial head arthroplasty: A technical note 桡骨头置换术后假体对准的三维评估技术：技术说明

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Medical Engineering & Physics

Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104413

Ausberto R. Velasquez Garcia , Adam J. Wentworth , Jennifer M. Oettinger , James S. Fitzsimmons , Jeffrey F. Marsh Jr. , Mark E. Morrey , Shawn W. O'Driscoll

Objective

To present a novel evaluation technique for assessing three-dimensional (3D) prosthesis alignment after radial head arthroplasty (RHA) and to identify potential measurement errors associated with this method.

Materials/Methods

Virtual surgical planning of a simulated irreparable fracture of the radial head was performed to select and place optimal implants. Of the six 3D-printed bone models, three were fitted with 3D-printed implants and three with metallic implants. After the procedure, 3D models were derived from 3D scans and dual-energy computed tomography with and without metal artifact reduction. Deviations in rotation and translation from the pre-procedure plan as well as measurement errors were assessed.

Results

The technique demonstrated the ability to accurately identify minor deviations in prosthesis alignment post-RHA. Deviations ranged from 0 to 14° in rotation and 0 to 1.3 mm in translation. The method also showed high measurement accuracy against 3D reference models, with mean rotational errors of 0.3–0.5° and translation errors of 0.1–0.3 mm.

Conclusion

This technique provides an accurate and precise method for assessing prosthesis alignment in RHA, with minimal measurement errors. Its potential as a valuable clinical tool has substantial implications in improving preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation. Further validation and advancements in reducing operator dependency are necessary for clinical adoption.

目的介绍一种评估桡骨头置换术（RHA）后假体三维定位的新方法，并确定该方法可能存在的测量误差。材料/方法通过模拟桡骨头不可修复骨折的虚拟手术计划来选择和放置最佳的植入物。在6个3d打印的骨模型中，3个安装了3d打印的植入物，3个安装了金属植入物。手术后，通过三维扫描和双能计算机断层扫描获得三维模型，并进行金属伪影还原。对术前计划的旋转和平移偏差以及测量误差进行了评估。结果该技术能够准确识别rha后假体对准的微小偏差。旋转偏差为0 ~ 14°，平移偏差为0 ~ 1.3 mm。该方法相对于三维参考模型具有较高的测量精度，平均旋转误差为0.3-0.5°，平移误差为0.1-0.3 mm。结论该技术为RHA假体对准评估提供了一种准确、精确的方法，测量误差最小。它作为一种有价值的临床工具的潜力在改善术前计划和术后评估方面具有重大意义。进一步的验证和进展，以减少操作者的依赖是必要的临床采用。

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引用次数: 0