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Stability of arches with internal hinge 带内铰链拱门的稳定性
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241245338
László Péter Kiss
The in-plane stability of internally hinged, end-fixed shallow arches is in the spotlight. The non-linear model accounts for the coupled effect of the bending moment and axial force on the membrane strain. The model itself can handle homogeneous or non-homogeneous material distributions along the thickness of the uniform arch. Analytical findings reveal how the typical geometrical data, like arch length, radius of gyration, and arch angle, affect the lowest buckling loads. The typical non-linear behaviour of arches is also assessed including the equilibrium path and the internal force system.
内铰接、端固定浅拱的平面内稳定性是研究的重点。非线性模型考虑了弯矩和轴向力对膜应变的耦合效应。模型本身可处理沿均匀拱厚度的均质或非均质材料分布。分析结果揭示了拱形长度、回旋半径和拱形角度等典型几何数据如何影响最低屈曲载荷。此外,还评估了拱的典型非线性行为,包括平衡路径和内力系统。
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引用次数: 0
A note on the Hill–Ogden generalised strains 关于希尔-奥格登广义应变的说明
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241233675
Salvatore Federico
This brief contribution provides an overview of the Hill–Ogden generalised strain tensors, and some considerations on their representation in generalised (curvilinear) coordinates, in a fully covariant formalism that is adaptable to a more general theory on Riemannian manifolds. These strains may be naturally defined with covariant components or naturally defined with contravariant components. Each of these two macro-families is best suited to a specific geometrical context.
这篇简短的论文概述了希尔-奥格登广义应变张量,以及在广义(曲线)坐标中对其表示的一些考虑,这种广义应变张量采用完全协变形式主义,可适用于黎曼流形上的更一般理论。这些应变可以用协变分量自然定义,也可以用逆变分量自然定义。这两个宏家族中的每一个都最适合特定的几何环境。
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引用次数: 0
A mixed trigger volumetric growth law for cylindrical deformation in stressed configurations 受力构型中圆柱变形的混合触发体积增长定律
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241242998
Xin Zhuan, Debao Guan, Hao Gao, Peter Theobald, Xiaoyu Luo
Soft tissue growth is crucial across various physiological applications, with mathematical modelling playing a pivotal role in understanding the underlying processes. The volumetric growth theory serves as a commonly used mathematical framework in this context. Our previous research on volumetric growth theory primarily concentrated on defining the incremental growth tensor in loaded and stressed configurations, revealing that this approach closely aligns with experimental observations of residual hoop stress distribution. However, given the assumptions employed, the approach has limitations in accurately predicting the growth timeline. In this work, we address these issues by incorporating the effect of initial residual strain and introducing a new mixed trigger growth evolution law. In this growth law, we do not use growth saturation as an upper limit, as this assumption cannot represent many physiological conditions. Instead, we propose that growth in soft tissues leads to a new equilibrium state. To illustrate this idea, we introduce a growth incompatibility function, denoted as [Formula: see text]. We establish the analytical relationship between [Formula: see text] and the opening angle in a simplified cylindrical geometry resembling the structure of the heart or arteries. We put forth a revised growth law that is both stress and incompatibility driven/Our results show that by using this mixed trigger growth law, tissues will not grow indefinitely. Instead, a stress-driven homeostasis incompatibility state will be reached. In addition, by accounting for the initial opening angle in the model, we can accurately trace the growth history of the heart, aligning with experimental data obtained from measuring the opening angle in young pigs from birth to maturity.
软组织生长在各种生理应用中都至关重要,而数学建模在理解其基本过程中发挥着关键作用。体积生长理论是这方面常用的数学框架。我们之前对体积生长理论的研究主要集中在定义加载和受压配置下的增量生长张量,结果表明这种方法与残余箍应力分布的实验观察结果非常吻合。然而,考虑到所采用的假设,该方法在准确预测生长时间轴方面存在局限性。在这项工作中,我们通过纳入初始残余应变的影响并引入新的混合触发生长演化规律来解决这些问题。在这一生长规律中,我们不使用生长饱和作为上限,因为这一假设不能代表许多生理条件。相反,我们提出软组织的生长会导致新的平衡状态。为了说明这一观点,我们引入了生长不相容函数,表示为[公式:见正文]。我们建立了[公式:见正文]与类似心脏或动脉结构的简化圆柱几何体中开口角之间的分析关系。我们提出了一种既受应力驱动又受不相容性驱动的修正生长定律/我们的结果表明,使用这种混合触发生长定律,组织不会无限生长。相反,应力驱动的平衡不相容状态将会达到。此外,通过在模型中考虑初始开口角,我们可以精确地追踪心脏的生长历史,这与测量幼猪从出生到成熟的开口角所获得的实验数据一致。
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引用次数: 0
Connecting weakly nonlinear elasticity theories of isotropic hyperelastic materials 连接各向同性超弹性材料的弱非线性弹性理论
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-27 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241238985
Yangkun Du, Nicholas A Hill, Xiaoyu Luo
Soft materials exhibit significant nonlinear geometric deformations and stress–strain relationships under external forces. This paper explores weakly nonlinear elasticity theories, including Landau’s and Murnaghan’s formulations, advancing understanding beyond linear elasticity. We establish connections between these methods and extend strain-energy functions to the third and fourth orders in power of [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] is the perturbation to the deformation gradient tensor [Formula: see text]. Furthermore, we address simplified strain-energy functions applicable to incompressible materials. Through this work, we contribute to a comprehensive understanding of nonlinear elasticity and its relationship to weakly nonlinear elasticity, facilitating the study of moderate deformations in soft material behavior and its practical applications.
软材料在外力作用下会产生明显的非线性几何变形和应力应变关系。本文探讨了弱非线性弹性理论,包括 Landau 和 Murnaghan 的公式,推进了对线性弹性的理解。我们建立了这些方法之间的联系,并将应变能函数扩展到[公式:见正文]的三阶和四阶幂,其中[公式:见正文]和[公式:见正文],[公式:见正文]是对变形梯度张量[公式:见正文]的扰动。此外,我们还讨论了适用于不可压缩材料的简化应变能函数。通过这项工作,我们有助于全面理解非线性弹性及其与弱非线性弹性的关系,促进软材料行为中的适度变形研究及其实际应用。
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引用次数: 0
Reduced model and nonlinear analysis of localized instabilities of residually stressed cylinders under axial stretch 轴向拉伸下残余应力圆柱体局部不稳定性的简化模型和非线性分析
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241242432
Yang Liu, Xiang Yu, Luis Dorfmann
In this paper, we present a dimensional reduction to obtain a one-dimensional model to analyze localized necking or bulging in a residually stressed circular cylindrical solid. The nonlinear theory of elasticity is first specialized to obtain the equations governing the homogeneous deformation. Then, to analyze the nonhomogeneous part, we include higher-order correction terms of the axisymmetric displacement components leading to a three-dimensional form of the total potential energy functional. Details of the reduction to the one-dimensional form are given. We focus on a residually stressed Gent material and use numerical methods to solve the governing equations. Two loading conditions are considered. First, the residual stress is maintained constant, while the axial stretch is used as the loading parameter. Second, we keep the pre-stretch constant and monotonically increase the residual stress until bifurcation occurs. We specify initial conditions, find the critical values for localized bifurcation, and compute the change in radius during localized necking or bulging growth. Finally, we optimize material properties and use the one-dimensional model to simulate necking or bulging until the Maxwell values of stretch are reached.
在本文中,我们提出了一种降维方法,以获得一个一维模型来分析残余应力圆柱形固体中的局部缩颈或隆起。首先对非线性弹性理论进行专门研究,以获得控制均质变形的方程。然后,为了分析非均质部分,我们加入了轴对称位移分量的高阶修正项,从而得到总势能函数的三维形式。我们给出了还原为一维形式的细节。我们将重点放在残余应力根特材料上,并使用数值方法求解支配方程。我们考虑了两种加载条件。首先,保持残余应力恒定,同时使用轴向拉伸作为加载参数。其次,保持预拉伸不变,单调增加残余应力,直到出现分岔。我们指定初始条件,找到局部分叉的临界值,并计算局部缩颈或隆起生长过程中的半径变化。最后,我们优化了材料特性,并使用一维模型模拟了缩颈或隆起,直至达到麦克斯韦拉伸值。
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引用次数: 0
Fast Fourier transform method in peridynamic micromechanics of composites 复合材料周动态微观力学中的快速傅立叶变换方法
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241236878
Valeriy A Buryachenko
We consider a static linear bond–based peridynamic (proposed by Silling, see J. Mech. Phys. Solids 2000; 48:175–209) composite materials (CMs) of a periodic structure. In the framework of the second background of micromechanics (also called computational analytical micromechanics), one proved that local micromechanics (LM) and peridynamic micromechanics (PM) are formally analogous to each other for CM of both random and periodic structures. It allows a straightforward generalization of LM methods (including fast Fourier transform, FFT) to their PM counterparts. So, in the PM counterpart of the implicit periodic Lippmann–Schwinger (L-S) equation in LM, we have three convolution kernels corresponding to the properties of the matrix, inclusions, and interactive interface. Eshelby tensor in LM, depending on the inclusion shape, is replaced by PM counterparts depending on the shapes of inclusions, and the interaction interface (although the Eshelby concept of homogeneous eigenfields does not work in PM). The mentioned tensors are estimated once (as in LM) in a frequency domain (also by the FFT method). The possible incorrectness of FFT applications to PM is analyzed and corrected. The polarization schemes of the solution of the L-S equation in the Fourier space have one primary unknown variable (polarization), whereas the PM counterpart contains three primary ones estimated at each step, which are formally similar to the LM case. A description of the generalized basic scheme and the Krylov approach is presented. Computational complexities O(N log2 N) of the FFT methods are the same in both LM and PM.
我们考虑的是一种周期性结构的基于线性键的静态周动态复合材料(由 Silling 提出,见 J. Mech. Phys. Solids 2000; 48:175-209)。在微观力学(也称为计算分析微观力学)的第二背景框架内,人们证明了局部微观力学(LM)和周动微观力学(PM)对于随机结构和周期结构的 CM 在形式上是相互类似的。这使得 LM 方法(包括快速傅立叶变换,FFT)可以直接推广到 PM 对应方法中。因此,在 LM 中隐式周期李普曼-施温格(L-S)方程的 PM 对应中,我们有三个卷积核,分别对应于矩阵、夹杂和交互界面的性质。LM 中的 Eshelby 张量取决于夹杂物的形状,而 PM 中的对应张量则取决于夹杂物的形状和相互作用界面(尽管 Eshelby 的同质特征场概念在 PM 中不起作用)。上述张量在频域中估算一次(如 LM)(也采用 FFT 方法)。分析并纠正了将 FFT 应用于 PM 时可能出现的错误。在傅立叶空间中求解 L-S 方程的极化方案只有一个主要未知变量(极化),而 PM 对应方案每一步都包含三个主要估计变量,形式上与 LM 相似。本文介绍了广义基本方案和克雷洛夫方法。在 LM 和 PM 中,FFT 方法的计算复杂度均为 O(N log2 N)。
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引用次数: 0
Anti-plane waves in a liquid-loaded piezo-flexo-electric layered model with interface energy 具有界面能量的液体负载压电柔电层状模型中的反面波
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241239600
Sonam Singh, Abhishek K Singh
The basic design of a Love wave (LW) bio-sensor contains the loading of a viscoelastic liquid on top of a layered structure with distinct viscoelastic properties. Changes in the characteristics of the propagating acoustic wave caused by biochemical interactions at the sensing area can be detected at the output Inter digital transducer (IDT). The propagation of the anti-plane (AP) wave is discussed in this work in a layered structure of piezo-flexo-electric (PFE) layer bonded with a PFE half-space having a soft reinforced layer at the interface. The free surface of the PFE layer is loaded with viscous liquid. The viscosity of the loaded liquid introduces losses and results in the damping of the wave. For the formulation of the problem with interface energy, the Gurtin–Murdoch approach is used. Using suitable conditions, a dispersion relation for propagating waves is derived in complex form. On separating the dispersion relation in real and non-real parts, the expressions relating the phase and damp velocities with wave number are derived. The obtained theoretical results are portrayed for the numerical data of PFE materials and distinct data of the interface layer. The obtained results are validated with pre-existing literature.
爱波(LW)生物传感器的基本设计包括在具有不同粘弹性特性的分层结构上加载粘弹性液体。传感区域的生化相互作用引起的声波传播特性的变化可通过输出数字传感器(IDT)进行检测。本研究讨论的是反平面(AP)波在压电柔性电(PFE)层与 PFE 半空间的分层结构中的传播,PFE 半空间的界面上有一个软增强层。PFE 层的自由表面装有粘性液体。加载液体的粘性会带来损耗,导致波的阻尼。对于界面能量问题的表述,采用了 Gurtin-Murdoch 方法。利用合适的条件,以复数形式导出了传播波的频散关系。在将频散关系分为实部和非实部时,得出了相位和阻尼速度与波数的关系表达式。所获得的理论结果描绘了 PFE 材料的数值数据和界面层的独特数据。所得结果与已有文献进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
A hemivariational damageable elastoplastic vertex-spring model for masonry analysis 用于砌体分析的半变量可破坏弹塑性顶点弹簧模型
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241233008
Chuong Anthony Tran, Francisco James Leòn Trujillo, Antonello Salvatori, Margherita Solci, Andrea Causin, Luca Placidi, Emilio Barchiesi
This work is an intermediate step towards the extension of a recently proposed block-based model for masonry structures, which was based on a hemivariational approach and inspired from granular micromechanics. Here, contrarily to the previous model, plastic effects will also be taken into account along with damage and elastic behaviours, and the full hemivariational derivation of the strong-form (in)equations will be detailed for the case of a lone vertex spring. The resulting model and methods shall then be used in future works to enrich the behaviours modelled by the previously mentioned masonry model.
这项工作是对最近提出的基于砌块的砌体结构模型进行扩展的中间步骤,该模型基于半变量方法,灵感来自颗粒微观力学。与之前的模型不同的是,这里还将考虑塑性效应以及损伤和弹性行为,并将详细介绍针对单顶点弹簧情况的强式(不)方程的完整半变量推导。由此产生的模型和方法将用于今后的工作中,以丰富前面提到的砌体模型所模拟的行为。
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引用次数: 0
An energy-balanced method for determining the optimized parameter of the incompatible generalized mixed element 确定不相容广义混合元素优化参数的能量平衡法
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241233997
Yonggang Wang, Guanghui Qing
A novel method for determining the optimized parameter of the four-node incompatible generalized mixed element is presented based on the equilibrium between strain energy and complementary energy. The presented energy formulations are derived from the generalized mixed variational principle, which contains an arbitrary additional parameter. The initial solutions expressed by the displacement field are firstly assumed for the description of the energy of each generalized mixed element. Then, the identical relationship between strain energy and complementary energy is subsequently expressed at element level, which includes the arbitrary parameter. At the same time, a formulation for determining the optimized parameter at element level is proposed. Several representative examples with varying geometrical parameters, boundary and loading conditions are used to validate this method. By contrasting with the results of generalized mixed elements with different parameter values and other traditional finite elements. The effectiveness of the presented method has been demonstrated. On one hand, by ensuring the strain energy and complementary energy remain consistent under both coarse and fine meshes, the optimized parameter can adjust the stiffness of the generalized mixed element, thereby enhancing its resemblance to the real elastic body. On the other hand, the generalized mixed element has the additional advantage of conveniently introducing stress boundary conditions, thereby satisfying the requirement for zero-conditions of shear stresses on the exterior surfaces of beams. The numerical results obtained by the proposed method are accurate and stable.
根据应变能和补充能之间的平衡,提出了一种确定四节点不相容广义混合元素优化参数的新方法。所提出的能量公式源于广义混合变分原理,其中包含一个任意附加参数。在描述每个广义混合元素的能量时,首先假设由位移场表示的初始解。然后,在包含任意参数的元素层面上表达应变能和补充能之间的相同关系。同时,还提出了确定元素级优化参数的公式。通过几个几何参数、边界条件和加载条件各不相同的代表性实例来验证这种方法。通过与具有不同参数值的广义混合元素和其他传统有限元的结果进行对比。证明了该方法的有效性。一方面,通过确保粗网格和细网格下的应变能和补充能保持一致,优化参数可以调整广义混合元素的刚度,从而增强其与真实弹性体的相似性。另一方面,广义混合元素还具有方便引入应力边界条件的优势,从而满足梁外表面剪应力零条件的要求。利用所提出的方法得到的数值结果准确而稳定。
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引用次数: 0
Models of fractional viscous stresses for incompressible materials 不可压缩材料的分数粘性应力模型
IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1177/10812865241233973
Harold Berjamin, Michel Destrade
We present and review several models of fractional viscous stresses from the literature, which generalise classical viscosity theories to fractional orders by replacing total strain derivatives in time with fractional time derivatives. We also briefly introduce Prony-type approximations of these theories. Here, we investigate the issues of material frame-indifference and thermodynamic consistency for these models and find that on these bases, some are physically unacceptable. Next, we study elementary shearing and tensile motions, observing that some models are more convenient to use than others for the analysis of creep and relaxation. Finally, we compute the incremental stresses due to small-amplitude wave propagation in a deformed material, with a view to establish acoustoelastic formulas for prospective experimental calibrations.
我们介绍并回顾了文献中的几种分数粘性应力模型,这些模型通过用分数时间导数取代时间总应变导数,将经典粘性理论推广到分数阶。我们还简要介绍了这些理论的 Prony 型近似。在此,我们研究了这些模型的材料框架差异和热力学一致性问题,发现在这些基础上,有些模型在物理上是不可接受的。接下来,我们研究了基本的剪切和拉伸运动,发现在分析蠕变和松弛时,有些模型比其他模型更方便使用。最后,我们计算了小振幅波在变形材料中传播时产生的增量应力,以期为未来的实验校准建立声弹性公式。
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引用次数: 0
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Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids
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