In this paper, a multi-stage modeling and simulation approach incorporating different deformation conditions is used to analyze the structure of the Taipei 101 building. The modeling process mainly involves the formation of an initial simplified model based on the basic geometry, the determination of an accurate model based on the actual dimensions, and finally the introduction of a hollow structure design to mimic the density and mass distribution of the real building. After the model is established, mesh creation and mesh independence study are carried out. The simulation is carried out using Ansys software, which mainly performs the process of selecting boundary conditions, determining the equivalent density, dividing the mesh for modal analysis, and obtaining the modal vibration pattern as well as the corresponding intrinsic frequency. By analyzing the intrinsic frequencies and vibration modes, the structure of Taipei 101 Building is prone to resonance under certain circumstances, and this study provides some significance to the geology of local seismic activities.
{"title":"Modal analysis of taipei 101 building","authors":"Hao Wang, Kehan Sun, Jierui Cao, Qianrui Zhang, Menglin Liang","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240402","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a multi-stage modeling and simulation approach incorporating different deformation conditions is used to analyze the structure of the Taipei 101 building. The modeling process mainly involves the formation of an initial simplified model based on the basic geometry, the determination of an accurate model based on the actual dimensions, and finally the introduction of a hollow structure design to mimic the density and mass distribution of the real building. After the model is established, mesh creation and mesh independence study are carried out. The simulation is carried out using Ansys software, which mainly performs the process of selecting boundary conditions, determining the equivalent density, dividing the mesh for modal analysis, and obtaining the modal vibration pattern as well as the corresponding intrinsic frequency. By analyzing the intrinsic frequencies and vibration modes, the structure of Taipei 101 Building is prone to resonance under certain circumstances, and this study provides some significance to the geology of local seismic activities.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"52 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141799593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240484
Yuhan Zheng
This research focuses on optimizing the 4-bit absolute-value detector circuit. This paper firstly introduces the basic theory of the circuit as the foundation of the analysis. It contains the function, logic and the theories which are used in the design. Secondly, this paper optimizes the circuit from two perspective, which are the delay and the energy. This research aims to find the relation between these two factors. Furthermore, because the delay and the energy are both critical to the performance of the circuit, and the conditions that determine one of the two factors also affect the other, this research also attempts to find a balance point which can optimize them as much as possible. In the end, this paper summarizes the result about the optimization and analyses the deficiencies of the experiment methods. This paper also gives suggestions about the perspective that the further studies can focus on in order to optimize the 4-bit absolute-value detector in a deeper degree.
{"title":"Optimizing delay and energy in 4-bit absolute-value detector circuits: A balancing act","authors":"Yuhan Zheng","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240484","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on optimizing the 4-bit absolute-value detector circuit. This paper firstly introduces the basic theory of the circuit as the foundation of the analysis. It contains the function, logic and the theories which are used in the design. Secondly, this paper optimizes the circuit from two perspective, which are the delay and the energy. This research aims to find the relation between these two factors. Furthermore, because the delay and the energy are both critical to the performance of the circuit, and the conditions that determine one of the two factors also affect the other, this research also attempts to find a balance point which can optimize them as much as possible. In the end, this paper summarizes the result about the optimization and analyses the deficiencies of the experiment methods. This paper also gives suggestions about the perspective that the further studies can focus on in order to optimize the 4-bit absolute-value detector in a deeper degree.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.54254/2755-2721/72/20240991
Jingyu Hu
With the rapid development of areas such as mobile electronic devices and electric vehicles, environmental problems and energy problems have become increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop green, safe, efficient, cheap, sustainable energy storage and large-scale application of energy storage devices. Aluminum-air battery is a device that converts the chemical energy of anode aluminum directly into electric energy through electrochemical reaction. The theoretical voltage of aluminum-air battery is high (2.75 V), large specific capacity (2.98 Ah/g), high specific energy (8.1 Wh/g), and metal aluminum is a high strength energy carrier, has the advantages of rich resources, low price, environment friendly, perfectly matching the current situation of power supply requirements. However, the existing aluminum-air batteries face the economic problem of high cost, due to the slow oxygen reduction reaction dynamics of the cathode and the use of the expensive precious metal Pt/C as a catalyst. In order to reduce the cost of aluminum-air batteries, this paper plans to use the cheap non-precious metal nano carbon materials as the cathode catalyst, and flexibly use the structural design to construct the structure of the aluminum-air battery with double cathodes, which effectively increases the cathode reaction area. In this paper, the discharge performance was studied by experimental method, and its peak power is 1.42 times that of the traditional single cathode battery, which has good catalytic performance and stability, and shows that the non-precious metal double-cathode structure battery is both practical and economical.
{"title":"Designofhighperformancealuminum-airbatterybasedoncheapnon-preciousmetalcathodes","authors":"Jingyu Hu","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/72/20240991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/72/20240991","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of areas such as mobile electronic devices and electric vehicles, environmental problems and energy problems have become increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop green, safe, efficient, cheap, sustainable energy storage and large-scale application of energy storage devices. Aluminum-air battery is a device that converts the chemical energy of anode aluminum directly into electric energy through electrochemical reaction. The theoretical voltage of aluminum-air battery is high (2.75 V), large specific capacity (2.98 Ah/g), high specific energy (8.1 Wh/g), and metal aluminum is a high strength energy carrier, has the advantages of rich resources, low price, environment friendly, perfectly matching the current situation of power supply requirements. However, the existing aluminum-air batteries face the economic problem of high cost, due to the slow oxygen reduction reaction dynamics of the cathode and the use of the expensive precious metal Pt/C as a catalyst. In order to reduce the cost of aluminum-air batteries, this paper plans to use the cheap non-precious metal nano carbon materials as the cathode catalyst, and flexibly use the structural design to construct the structure of the aluminum-air battery with double cathodes, which effectively increases the cathode reaction area. In this paper, the discharge performance was studied by experimental method, and its peak power is 1.42 times that of the traditional single cathode battery, which has good catalytic performance and stability, and shows that the non-precious metal double-cathode structure battery is both practical and economical.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.54254/2755-2721/72/20240979
Boou Li, Xiaojie Ma
To address the inherent limitations of current MOF synthesis, where pore size is restricted to micropores or small mesopores, we successfully synthesized MOF composite materials with well-developed porous structures using a self-template approach. These pores encompass not only the intrinsic micropores or small mesopores of MOFs but also the template-induced large pores. During the experimental process, we achieved the synthesis of composite materials with varying MOF contents by modifying experimental conditions. Through this design, we not only achieved selective adsorption of guest molecules but also significantly increased the porosity, thereby enhancing the mass transfer efficiency of guest molecules and the utilization rate of materials. This research breakthrough offers new insights and solutions for addressing critical issues in fields such as gas separation, energy storage, and catalysis.
{"title":"The synthesis of multi-level porous MOF composite materials with different MOF contents","authors":"Boou Li, Xiaojie Ma","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/72/20240979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/72/20240979","url":null,"abstract":"To address the inherent limitations of current MOF synthesis, where pore size is restricted to micropores or small mesopores, we successfully synthesized MOF composite materials with well-developed porous structures using a self-template approach. These pores encompass not only the intrinsic micropores or small mesopores of MOFs but also the template-induced large pores. During the experimental process, we achieved the synthesis of composite materials with varying MOF contents by modifying experimental conditions. Through this design, we not only achieved selective adsorption of guest molecules but also significantly increased the porosity, thereby enhancing the mass transfer efficiency of guest molecules and the utilization rate of materials. This research breakthrough offers new insights and solutions for addressing critical issues in fields such as gas separation, energy storage, and catalysis.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"17 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240420
Pu Huang, Wenyue Huang
In this review paper, we demonstrate the high structural flexibility and motion diversity of snake robots, which are important indicators to measure the performance of the mechanism. And animals in nature, especially reptiles, often have a high degree of flexibility and a variety of modes of movement in order to be able to shift through various terrains. Thus, making a robot with excellent performance, a bionic robot is a suitable choice. Currently, we have reviewed the state of the act in the snake-like machine. In the end, we conclude that with the simplicity of design and practice, it can be designed easily with unique constructures to complete modes of locomotion. Furthermore, we also provide the perspectives of future work.
{"title":"A review of locomotion of snake robots","authors":"Pu Huang, Wenyue Huang","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240420","url":null,"abstract":"In this review paper, we demonstrate the high structural flexibility and motion diversity of snake robots, which are important indicators to measure the performance of the mechanism. And animals in nature, especially reptiles, often have a high degree of flexibility and a variety of modes of movement in order to be able to shift through various terrains. Thus, making a robot with excellent performance, a bionic robot is a suitable choice. Currently, we have reviewed the state of the act in the snake-like machine. In the end, we conclude that with the simplicity of design and practice, it can be designed easily with unique constructures to complete modes of locomotion. Furthermore, we also provide the perspectives of future work.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"57 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141799387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240418
Quanjian Wen
This paper presents the use of the finite element method (FEM) to solve heat conduction problems in complex 3-dimensional geometries not amenable to analytical solutions. Heat conduction is important across engineering domains, but closed-form solutions only exist for basic shapes. For intricate real-world component geometries, numerical techniques like FEM must be applied. The paper outlines the mathematical formulation of FEM, starting from the heat conduction governing equations. The domain is discretized into a mesh of interconnected finite elements. Element equations are derived and assembled into a global matrix system relating nodal temperatures. Boundary conditions are imposed and the matrix equations solved to find the temperature distribution. An example problem analyzes steady state conduction in an L-shaped block with 90-degree corners and surface convection. Results show FEM can capture localized gradients and discontinuities difficult to model otherwise. Detailed temperature contours provide insight. FEM enables robust thermal simulation of complex 3D geometries with localized effects, expanding analysis capabilities beyond basic analytical shapes. Proper application of FEM is critical for accurate results.
本文介绍了如何使用有限元法（FEM）来解决复杂三维几何形状中的热传导问题。热传导在各个工程领域都很重要，但闭式解法只适用于基本形状。对于复杂的实际组件几何形状，必须应用有限元等数值技术。本文从热传导控制方程出发，概述了有限元的数学表达式。域被离散化为相互连接的有限元网格。推导出元素方程，并将其组合成与节点温度相关的全局矩阵系统。施加边界条件并求解矩阵方程，以找到温度分布。示例问题分析了具有 90 度角和表面对流的 L 形块中的稳态传导。结果表明，有限元模型可以捕捉局部梯度和其他模型难以模拟的不连续性。详细的温度等值线提供了洞察力。有限元可以对具有局部效应的复杂三维几何体进行可靠的热模拟，从而将分析能力扩展到基本分析形状之外。正确应用有限元是获得准确结果的关键。
{"title":"Finite element solution of heat conduction in complex 3D geometries","authors":"Quanjian Wen","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240418","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the use of the finite element method (FEM) to solve heat conduction problems in complex 3-dimensional geometries not amenable to analytical solutions. Heat conduction is important across engineering domains, but closed-form solutions only exist for basic shapes. For intricate real-world component geometries, numerical techniques like FEM must be applied. The paper outlines the mathematical formulation of FEM, starting from the heat conduction governing equations. The domain is discretized into a mesh of interconnected finite elements. Element equations are derived and assembled into a global matrix system relating nodal temperatures. Boundary conditions are imposed and the matrix equations solved to find the temperature distribution. An example problem analyzes steady state conduction in an L-shaped block with 90-degree corners and surface convection. Results show FEM can capture localized gradients and discontinuities difficult to model otherwise. Detailed temperature contours provide insight. FEM enables robust thermal simulation of complex 3D geometries with localized effects, expanding analysis capabilities beyond basic analytical shapes. Proper application of FEM is critical for accurate results.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"54 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141799686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study delves into the resonance phenomena within the complex structure of the Shanghai Global Financial Center. By utilizing ANSYS simulations, we can accurately predict the vibration patterns and magnitudes exhibited by the building under various conditions. These resonance phenomena have the potential to significantly impact the buildings stability, occupant comfort, and overall structural integrity. This research conducts a thorough analysis of the self-resonance conditions of the Shanghai Global Financial Center through the application of ANSYS software. The study successfully identifies resonance frequencies and provides a deeper understanding of resonance mechanisms. These findings offer valuable insights for comprehending and mitigating resonance-related issues. Moreover, they hold great significance for the design and engineering of super-tall skyscrapers, offering essential guidance to ensure their safety and performance. AMSS_0403rchitects and engineers can use this knowledge to optimize the design and construction of such impressive structures, ultimately contributing to the advancement of tall building technology. Enze Li and Zhe Yu are dedicated to data collection, Bowen You and Yizhao Wang specialize in modeling and data recording and analysis, while Zhijie Shen and Enze Li are responsible for carefully crafting and refining the paper.
{"title":"Modal analysis of Shanghai world financial center based on using ANSYS","authors":"Bowen You, Zhijie Shen, Yizhao Wang, Enze Li, Zhe Yu","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240403","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into the resonance phenomena within the complex structure of the Shanghai Global Financial Center. By utilizing ANSYS simulations, we can accurately predict the vibration patterns and magnitudes exhibited by the building under various conditions. These resonance phenomena have the potential to significantly impact the buildings stability, occupant comfort, and overall structural integrity. This research conducts a thorough analysis of the self-resonance conditions of the Shanghai Global Financial Center through the application of ANSYS software. The study successfully identifies resonance frequencies and provides a deeper understanding of resonance mechanisms. These findings offer valuable insights for comprehending and mitigating resonance-related issues. Moreover, they hold great significance for the design and engineering of super-tall skyscrapers, offering essential guidance to ensure their safety and performance. AMSS_0403rchitects and engineers can use this knowledge to optimize the design and construction of such impressive structures, ultimately contributing to the advancement of tall building technology. Enze Li and Zhe Yu are dedicated to data collection, Bowen You and Yizhao Wang specialize in modeling and data recording and analysis, while Zhijie Shen and Enze Li are responsible for carefully crafting and refining the paper.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"43 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240434
Jiyao Yuan, Xiaochuan Xue
The rapid growth of mobile devices has led to an increasing demand for battery life and energy efficiency in recent years, the reduction of circuit power consumption has become extremely crucial. SRAM has become an indispensable component of modern System-on-Chip (SoC) designs, and reducing its power consumption holds significant importance in minimizing overall chip power consumption. On the other hand, as manufacturing processes advance, static power consumption resulting from leakage currents has gradually emerged as a primary source of power consumption. This paper analyzes the power composition of SRAM, provides a detailed explanation of the principles and influencing factors of MTCMOS design technology, and conducts modeling analysis on 6T SRAM based on MTCMOS. In the modeling analysis, we compare the leakage current and static power reduction effects of 6T SRAM using four different process technologies: 28nm, 40nm, 65nm, and 90nm. From the data, it can be observed that MTCMOS has a notable effect in reducing leakage current for 6T SRAM across various process technologies. Comparing 6T SRAM of different process technologies, we can roughly see that the power reduction effect reaches a peak and gradually decreases. However, due to the lack of more advanced process libraries, we cannot further validate whether this inference is accurate.
{"title":"Solution to SRAM static power consumption with MTCMOS","authors":"Jiyao Yuan, Xiaochuan Xue","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240434","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid growth of mobile devices has led to an increasing demand for battery life and energy efficiency in recent years, the reduction of circuit power consumption has become extremely crucial. SRAM has become an indispensable component of modern System-on-Chip (SoC) designs, and reducing its power consumption holds significant importance in minimizing overall chip power consumption. On the other hand, as manufacturing processes advance, static power consumption resulting from leakage currents has gradually emerged as a primary source of power consumption. This paper analyzes the power composition of SRAM, provides a detailed explanation of the principles and influencing factors of MTCMOS design technology, and conducts modeling analysis on 6T SRAM based on MTCMOS. In the modeling analysis, we compare the leakage current and static power reduction effects of 6T SRAM using four different process technologies: 28nm, 40nm, 65nm, and 90nm. From the data, it can be observed that MTCMOS has a notable effect in reducing leakage current for 6T SRAM across various process technologies. Comparing 6T SRAM of different process technologies, we can roughly see that the power reduction effect reaches a peak and gradually decreases. However, due to the lack of more advanced process libraries, we cannot further validate whether this inference is accurate.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"25 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.54254/2755-2721/70/20240576
Yifan Cheng
Lagranges Four-square Theorem is a fundamental principle in number theory, which states that every positive integer can be expressed as the sum of four squares. The theorem was first conjectured by the Greek mathematician Diophantus of Alexandria in the 3rd century CE. It was later proved by Pierre de Fermat in the 17th century, and the first published proof was attributed to Joseph-Louis Lagrange in 1770. This paper presents a comprehensive account of the four-square theorem in number theory, which focuses on finding integer solutions to polynomial equations. The theorem has significantly advanced the study of Diophantine equations. It traces Lagranges Four-square Theorem from its conjectural origins to its emergence as a cornerstone of contemporary mathematical research. This paper reviews the proof of the theorem and its implications, as well as its connection to modern research and applications, highlighting its timeless relevance in mathematics. In addition, the paper reaffirms the extensive influence of the theorem on the advancement of Diophantine equations and its ongoing significance in elucidating the enigmas of number theory. This enhances our comprehension of the theorems position in the wider story of mathematical progress, confirming its significance in both historical and contemporary contexts.
{"title":"The sum of four squares: An exploration of Lagrange's theorem and its legacy in number theory","authors":"Yifan Cheng","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/70/20240576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/70/20240576","url":null,"abstract":"Lagranges Four-square Theorem is a fundamental principle in number theory, which states that every positive integer can be expressed as the sum of four squares. The theorem was first conjectured by the Greek mathematician Diophantus of Alexandria in the 3rd century CE. It was later proved by Pierre de Fermat in the 17th century, and the first published proof was attributed to Joseph-Louis Lagrange in 1770. This paper presents a comprehensive account of the four-square theorem in number theory, which focuses on finding integer solutions to polynomial equations. The theorem has significantly advanced the study of Diophantine equations. It traces Lagranges Four-square Theorem from its conjectural origins to its emergence as a cornerstone of contemporary mathematical research. This paper reviews the proof of the theorem and its implications, as well as its connection to modern research and applications, highlighting its timeless relevance in mathematics. In addition, the paper reaffirms the extensive influence of the theorem on the advancement of Diophantine equations and its ongoing significance in elucidating the enigmas of number theory. This enhances our comprehension of the theorems position in the wider story of mathematical progress, confirming its significance in both historical and contemporary contexts.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"22 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240455
Jiayu Guo, Shuyang Liu, Yu Fu, Ricky Liu, Jincheng Shi
The B-pillar plays a crucial element in protecting passengers during side collisions. However, the current technology used in B-pillars is insufficient in providing adequate protection. Therefore, this research aims to investigate ways to improve the crashworthiness of the B-pillars. The study utilizes a 2020 Toyota Yaris due to its prevalence and poor side-crashworthiness and a right body measuring 80cm 60cm 40cm to simulate side collision. The results show that the velocity and acceleration of the upper B-pillar are greater than that of the lower B-pillar, indicating that the welding spot should be placed at the lower end of B-pillars, and the pillars thickness should be increased to enhance side crashworthiness. Furthermore, the study discovers that PVC, when combined with nano-materials, ABS resin, when combined through physical mixing, and SMC materials experience no significant deformation during collision while possessing an incomparably low density. Therefore, the study proposes the use of these stronger materials as an alternative to steel. The cost and feasibility of using these materials in mass production is also analyzed.
在发生侧面碰撞时，B 柱对保护乘客起着至关重要的作用。然而，目前 B 柱采用的技术不足以提供足够的保护。因此，本研究旨在探讨如何提高 B 柱的耐撞性。由于 2020 年款丰田雅力士的普遍性和较差的侧面耐撞性，本研究使用其右侧车身（尺寸为 80 厘米 60 厘米 40 厘米）来模拟侧面碰撞。结果表明，B 柱上部的速度和加速度均大于 B 柱下部，这表明应将焊点置于 B 柱下端，并增加 B 柱厚度，以提高侧面耐撞性。此外，研究还发现，与纳米材料结合的 PVC、物理混合的 ABS 树脂和 SMC 材料在碰撞时不会产生明显变形，同时密度极低。因此，研究建议使用这些强度更高的材料来替代钢材。研究还分析了使用这些材料进行大规模生产的成本和可行性。
{"title":"Improving the crashworthiness of B-Pillars in side-collisions","authors":"Jiayu Guo, Shuyang Liu, Yu Fu, Ricky Liu, Jincheng Shi","doi":"10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/78/20240455","url":null,"abstract":"The B-pillar plays a crucial element in protecting passengers during side collisions. However, the current technology used in B-pillars is insufficient in providing adequate protection. Therefore, this research aims to investigate ways to improve the crashworthiness of the B-pillars. The study utilizes a 2020 Toyota Yaris due to its prevalence and poor side-crashworthiness and a right body measuring 80cm 60cm 40cm to simulate side collision. The results show that the velocity and acceleration of the upper B-pillar are greater than that of the lower B-pillar, indicating that the welding spot should be placed at the lower end of B-pillars, and the pillars thickness should be increased to enhance side crashworthiness. Furthermore, the study discovers that PVC, when combined with nano-materials, ABS resin, when combined through physical mixing, and SMC materials experience no significant deformation during collision while possessing an incomparably low density. Therefore, the study proposes the use of these stronger materials as an alternative to steel. The cost and feasibility of using these materials in mass production is also analyzed.","PeriodicalId":502253,"journal":{"name":"Applied and Computational Engineering","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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