Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.2.2010-2012
Qian Wang, Xin Feng
Engineered biomaterials play a crucial role in the construction industry. The study and development of engineered biomaterials with high-strength are necessary to fulfill the construction requirements for medium and high-rise buildings and long-span bridges. Further promoting the localization of high-strength engineered biomaterials is crucial in terms of reducing CO2 emissions, effectively utilizing land resources, and taking into account the unique structure of forest resources in China. The goal of this modification is to satisfy the rising demand for eco-friendly living spaces.
{"title":"High-strength engineered biomaterials study and development needs in China","authors":"Qian Wang, Xin Feng","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.2.2010-2012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.2.2010-2012","url":null,"abstract":"Engineered biomaterials play a crucial role in the construction industry. The study and development of engineered biomaterials with high-strength are necessary to fulfill the construction requirements for medium and high-rise buildings and long-span bridges. Further promoting the localization of high-strength engineered biomaterials is crucial in terms of reducing CO2 emissions, effectively utilizing land resources, and taking into account the unique structure of forest resources in China. The goal of this modification is to satisfy the rising demand for eco-friendly living spaces.","PeriodicalId":503414,"journal":{"name":"BioResources","volume":"258 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139821369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.15376/10.15376/biores.19.1.hubbe
M. Hubbe
Size presses on paper machines are used to apply a solution of a polymer – usually starch – to the surface of the sheet and thereby to increase the stiffness, surface strength, and printing quality of the product. This article reviews publications dealing with the size press equipment, the materials, and factors affecting both the operating efficiency and attributes of the resulting paper. The emergence of film-press equipment (e.g. blade-metering size presses) in the 1980s has greatly decreased the frequency of web breaks and increased productivity. Starch technology at the size press, though relatively mature, continues to evolve. By adjustment of starch attributes, solids levels, and incorporating other additives, modern papermakers can tune size press outcomes to meet a range of paper product requirements, including strength, hydrophobicity, and the reduction of air permeability. By application of various synthetic polymers, mineral particles, and even nanocellulose in combination with starch or other base polymers, there is potential to extend the technology to meet a range of future needs for paper products.
{"title":"Size press practices and formulations affecting paper properties and process efficiency: A Review","authors":"M. Hubbe","doi":"10.15376/10.15376/biores.19.1.hubbe","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/10.15376/biores.19.1.hubbe","url":null,"abstract":"Size presses on paper machines are used to apply a solution of a polymer – usually starch – to the surface of the sheet and thereby to increase the stiffness, surface strength, and printing quality of the product. This article reviews publications dealing with the size press equipment, the materials, and factors affecting both the operating efficiency and attributes of the resulting paper. The emergence of film-press equipment (e.g. blade-metering size presses) in the 1980s has greatly decreased the frequency of web breaks and increased productivity. Starch technology at the size press, though relatively mature, continues to evolve. By adjustment of starch attributes, solids levels, and incorporating other additives, modern papermakers can tune size press outcomes to meet a range of paper product requirements, including strength, hydrophobicity, and the reduction of air permeability. By application of various synthetic polymers, mineral particles, and even nanocellulose in combination with starch or other base polymers, there is potential to extend the technology to meet a range of future needs for paper products.","PeriodicalId":503414,"journal":{"name":"BioResources","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139875447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.2.2003-2006
Tomasz Garbowski
In the field of corrugated board production and packaging optimization, the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has initiated a paradigm shift. This paper presents a brief analysis of AI’s role in revolutionizing both the production of corrugated board and the design of corrugated packaging. It explores the integration of AI in the homogenization process of complex corrugated board structures into single-layer, shallow shell-based computational models, aiming to improve and accelerate load-bearing calculations. This work presents also how AI’s predictive and analytical capabilities are pivotal in achieving efficiency, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness in the corrugated board industry.
{"title":"Revolutionizing corrugated board production and optimization with artificial intelligence","authors":"Tomasz Garbowski","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.2.2003-2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.2.2003-2006","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of corrugated board production and packaging optimization, the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has initiated a paradigm shift. This paper presents a brief analysis of AI’s role in revolutionizing both the production of corrugated board and the design of corrugated packaging. It explores the integration of AI in the homogenization process of complex corrugated board structures into single-layer, shallow shell-based computational models, aiming to improve and accelerate load-bearing calculations. This work presents also how AI’s predictive and analytical capabilities are pivotal in achieving efficiency, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness in the corrugated board industry.","PeriodicalId":503414,"journal":{"name":"BioResources","volume":"20 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139891382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.1245-1259
Dhesinghraja Jeyaraj, K. MAYANDI, R. Nagarajan, Prakash Chithamparam, Sikiru O. Ismail, Faruq Mohammad, H. Al-Lohedan, Kumar Krishnan
Both developed and developing countries around the world are increasingly utilizing biodegradable products and bio-based materials. This is required to curb rampant environmental pollution caused by synthetic materials and their by-products. In this study, banana and bamboo fibers were prepared from agricultural and industrial wastes, respectively. Banana and bamboo fibers were obtained with aid of mechanical and waste extractions, respectively. Both fibers were subjected to a retting process for 24 hours, using normal warm water at a room temperature (27 ± 3 °C) to remove the impurities. Then, a comparative investigation and analysis was conducted concerning their properties and applications. The biomass level, physical, and chemical properties, structure, experimental analysis, and moisture regain behaviors of the plant materials were studied. Additionally, the antibacterial property of the samples was discussed. The biomass level was measured per hectare for banana (36.1 tons) and per plant for bamboo (65%), and the physical and chemical properties were identified via some basic testing techniques. The molecular, crystalline, and morphology structures were observed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the industrial applications were elucidated to establish the possibility of using both fibers as promising sustainable, renewable, recyclable, and eco-friendly materials.
{"title":"Biowaste management: Comparison of banana (Musa acuminata) and bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) fibers","authors":"Dhesinghraja Jeyaraj, K. MAYANDI, R. Nagarajan, Prakash Chithamparam, Sikiru O. Ismail, Faruq Mohammad, H. Al-Lohedan, Kumar Krishnan","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.1245-1259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1245-1259","url":null,"abstract":"Both developed and developing countries around the world are increasingly utilizing biodegradable products and bio-based materials. This is required to curb rampant environmental pollution caused by synthetic materials and their by-products. In this study, banana and bamboo fibers were prepared from agricultural and industrial wastes, respectively. Banana and bamboo fibers were obtained with aid of mechanical and waste extractions, respectively. Both fibers were subjected to a retting process for 24 hours, using normal warm water at a room temperature (27 ± 3 °C) to remove the impurities. Then, a comparative investigation and analysis was conducted concerning their properties and applications. The biomass level, physical, and chemical properties, structure, experimental analysis, and moisture regain behaviors of the plant materials were studied. Additionally, the antibacterial property of the samples was discussed. The biomass level was measured per hectare for banana (36.1 tons) and per plant for bamboo (65%), and the physical and chemical properties were identified via some basic testing techniques. The molecular, crystalline, and morphology structures were observed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the industrial applications were elucidated to establish the possibility of using both fibers as promising sustainable, renewable, recyclable, and eco-friendly materials.","PeriodicalId":503414,"journal":{"name":"BioResources","volume":"94 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139450319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.1229-1244
Kübra Gündüz Vaydoğan, Hamiyet Şahin Kol
Microwave (MW) treatment is an environmentally friendly and time-saving technique with great potential for generating wood-impregnation innovations. In this study, a microwave-assisted impregnation (MWAI) approach was developed to achieve adequate retention and fixing of alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) in refractory spruce wood. The synergistic effect of MW pre- and post-treatments in the impregnation procedure on wood’s compressive strength (CS) and copper leaching resistance and valence conversion was investigated. In conclusion, high-intensity MW pre-treatment and low-intensity MW post-treatment provided optimum results for the fixation of copper. Based on the results of the copper conversion assays, the same MWAI procedure is also predicted to give high biological efficiency.
{"title":"Effect of microwave-assisted impregnation on the leaching resistance of ACQ in refractory spruce wood","authors":"Kübra Gündüz Vaydoğan, Hamiyet Şahin Kol","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.1229-1244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1229-1244","url":null,"abstract":"Microwave (MW) treatment is an environmentally friendly and time-saving technique with great potential for generating wood-impregnation innovations. In this study, a microwave-assisted impregnation (MWAI) approach was developed to achieve adequate retention and fixing of alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) in refractory spruce wood. The synergistic effect of MW pre- and post-treatments in the impregnation procedure on wood’s compressive strength (CS) and copper leaching resistance and valence conversion was investigated. In conclusion, high-intensity MW pre-treatment and low-intensity MW post-treatment provided optimum results for the fixation of copper. Based on the results of the copper conversion assays, the same MWAI procedure is also predicted to give high biological efficiency.","PeriodicalId":503414,"journal":{"name":"BioResources","volume":"49 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139450500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-04DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.1218-1228
Abasali Masoumi, Brian H. Bond
The dimensional stability and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of thermally modified hardwoods were studied. Lumber of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera); red oak (Quercus borealis); white ash (Fraxinus americana), red maple (Acer rubrum); hickory (Carya glabra), and black cherry (Prunus serotina) were modified in industrial thermo-vacuum system. The water absorption rate, EMC, swelling, anti-swelling efficiency, shrinkage, anti-shrinkage efficiency, and anisotropy of the specimens were measured and compared to unmodified wood. The results show that thermal modification significantly decreased water absorption of wood which leads to improved dimensional stability. Specifically, thermally modified wood showed reduced EMC (22% in hickory to 59% in red maple), increased water absorption repellent (14.9% in black cherry to 29.6% in yellow-poplar), increased anti-swelling efficiency (14.2% in hickory to 71.4% in ash), increased anti-shrinkage efficiency (23.5% in red maple to 65.6% in ash), and reduced anisotropy coefficient (4.7% in red oak to 31.9% in black cherry).
{"title":"Dimensional stability and equilibrium moisture content of thermally modified hardwoods","authors":"Abasali Masoumi, Brian H. Bond","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.1218-1228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1218-1228","url":null,"abstract":"The dimensional stability and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of thermally modified hardwoods were studied. Lumber of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera); red oak (Quercus borealis); white ash (Fraxinus americana), red maple (Acer rubrum); hickory (Carya glabra), and black cherry (Prunus serotina) were modified in industrial thermo-vacuum system. The water absorption rate, EMC, swelling, anti-swelling efficiency, shrinkage, anti-shrinkage efficiency, and anisotropy of the specimens were measured and compared to unmodified wood. The results show that thermal modification significantly decreased water absorption of wood which leads to improved dimensional stability. Specifically, thermally modified wood showed reduced EMC (22% in hickory to 59% in red maple), increased water absorption repellent (14.9% in black cherry to 29.6% in yellow-poplar), increased anti-swelling efficiency (14.2% in hickory to 71.4% in ash), increased anti-shrinkage efficiency (23.5% in red maple to 65.6% in ash), and reduced anisotropy coefficient (4.7% in red oak to 31.9% in black cherry).","PeriodicalId":503414,"journal":{"name":"BioResources","volume":"59 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139450608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.1209-1217
Emrah Yüksel, Şule Ceylan, Muammer Bekis
Fourteen different plant parts consisting of leaves, roots, flowers, and seeds were examined separately of Rumex patientia, Hyoscyamus niger, Melilotus officinalis, Lamium album, and Epilobium angustifolium plants. All of these are naturally growing and used for medicinal purposes in Kars province. Five different methods were used to determine the antioxidant capacity of these herbal products. The methods were as follows: determination of total polyphenol, total flavonoid, DPPH● (free radical), CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity), and FRAP (ferric ıon reducing antioxidant power). The data obtained regarding the antioxidant activity demonstrated that the flower part of the Epilobium angustifolium plant obtained from Kars had the highest antioxidant capacity. It was determined that the seeds of the Hyoscyamus niger plant had the lowest antioxidant capacity.
{"title":"Antioxidant activities of traditional medicinal plant species from the Kars (Turkey)","authors":"Emrah Yüksel, Şule Ceylan, Muammer Bekis","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.1209-1217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1209-1217","url":null,"abstract":"Fourteen different plant parts consisting of leaves, roots, flowers, and seeds were examined separately of Rumex patientia, Hyoscyamus niger, Melilotus officinalis, Lamium album, and Epilobium angustifolium plants. All of these are naturally growing and used for medicinal purposes in Kars province. Five different methods were used to determine the antioxidant capacity of these herbal products. The methods were as follows: determination of total polyphenol, total flavonoid, DPPH● (free radical), CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity), and FRAP (ferric ıon reducing antioxidant power). The data obtained regarding the antioxidant activity demonstrated that the flower part of the Epilobium angustifolium plant obtained from Kars had the highest antioxidant capacity. It was determined that the seeds of the Hyoscyamus niger plant had the lowest antioxidant capacity.","PeriodicalId":503414,"journal":{"name":"BioResources","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139451056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.1190-1208
Mariusz Reczulski, Piotr Pospiech, Kinga Troszczyńska, Maria Bieńkowska
Impinging air jets can be used to dewater, heat, and dry the web of tissue paper. High velocities of the air jets degrade the paper, and appropriate adjustments to the jet velocity and the distance of the nozzle from the surface of the wet web are crucial to obtain the highest quality product. This work investigated the correlation between the velocity of the air jet and the strength of paper subjected to the impingement method. Papers with an initial moisture content of 20% and various pulp mixes were tested, and the physical properties of papers were explored. After impinging an air jet, different tensile strength limits were obtained in the machine and cross directions. The paper had lower apparent density and higher roughness compared to classical pressing. The dependence of tensile strength and roughness on the fibers composition also was determined. Increasing the amount of eucalyptus fibers in impingement dewatered paper resulted in a decrease in its tensile strength and roughness. The value of elongation before breaking was the highest for softwood papers after the impingement method. The maximum velocity of an air jet that can be used to dewater or dry paper without the risk of damage to the papers was determined.
{"title":"Impact of air jet impingement technology on the strength of tissue paper","authors":"Mariusz Reczulski, Piotr Pospiech, Kinga Troszczyńska, Maria Bieńkowska","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.1190-1208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1190-1208","url":null,"abstract":"Impinging air jets can be used to dewater, heat, and dry the web of tissue paper. High velocities of the air jets degrade the paper, and appropriate adjustments to the jet velocity and the distance of the nozzle from the surface of the wet web are crucial to obtain the highest quality product. This work investigated the correlation between the velocity of the air jet and the strength of paper subjected to the impingement method. Papers with an initial moisture content of 20% and various pulp mixes were tested, and the physical properties of papers were explored. After impinging an air jet, different tensile strength limits were obtained in the machine and cross directions. The paper had lower apparent density and higher roughness compared to classical pressing. The dependence of tensile strength and roughness on the fibers composition also was determined. Increasing the amount of eucalyptus fibers in impingement dewatered paper resulted in a decrease in its tensile strength and roughness. The value of elongation before breaking was the highest for softwood papers after the impingement method. The maximum velocity of an air jet that can be used to dewater or dry paper without the risk of damage to the papers was determined.","PeriodicalId":503414,"journal":{"name":"BioResources","volume":"78 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139452212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.15376/biores.19.1.1165-1189
Alex Mary, Pierre Blanchet, S. Pepin, Julien Chamberland, V. Landry
Wood structures generally rely on synthetic adhesives for their strength and versatility. However, environmental concerns linked to the chemical composition of these adhesives have stimulated the search for more environmentally friendly adhesives. Researchers have explored replacing petroleum-based constituents with natural raw materials such as lignins, tannins, and proteins. Of these alternatives, proteins, being biological macromolecules, are recognized for their capacity to enhance adhesion to wood substrates. This study considered the development of protein-based adhesives derived from diverse sources, including soybean meal, microbrewery spent grains, shrimp shells, and skim milk powder. These raw materials were subjected to mild alkaline conditions to yield protein concentrates. The resulting adhesives were formulated at various protein content levels: 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The study’s findings showed that the incorporation of proteins into the polyurethane adhesive system not only can preserve but also augment adhesive performance. This enhancement encompasses deeper penetration into wood substrates and an overall improvement in mechanical strength. These results underscore the promise of proteins as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based polyols in adhesive formulations.
{"title":"Upcycling of protein concentrates from industrial byproducts into polyurethane wood adhesives","authors":"Alex Mary, Pierre Blanchet, S. Pepin, Julien Chamberland, V. Landry","doi":"10.15376/biores.19.1.1165-1189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1165-1189","url":null,"abstract":"Wood structures generally rely on synthetic adhesives for their strength and versatility. However, environmental concerns linked to the chemical composition of these adhesives have stimulated the search for more environmentally friendly adhesives. Researchers have explored replacing petroleum-based constituents with natural raw materials such as lignins, tannins, and proteins. Of these alternatives, proteins, being biological macromolecules, are recognized for their capacity to enhance adhesion to wood substrates. This study considered the development of protein-based adhesives derived from diverse sources, including soybean meal, microbrewery spent grains, shrimp shells, and skim milk powder. These raw materials were subjected to mild alkaline conditions to yield protein concentrates. The resulting adhesives were formulated at various protein content levels: 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The study’s findings showed that the incorporation of proteins into the polyurethane adhesive system not only can preserve but also augment adhesive performance. This enhancement encompasses deeper penetration into wood substrates and an overall improvement in mechanical strength. These results underscore the promise of proteins as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based polyols in adhesive formulations.","PeriodicalId":503414,"journal":{"name":"BioResources","volume":"141 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139453107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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