Gematologiya I Transfuziologiya最新文献

Peripheral mononuclears under normal hemopoiesis and after chemotherapy or/and cytokin were isolated on blood cell separator and cryopreserved. The cells from 22 patients with different hematological and solid malignancies were examined. Mononuclears with high content of hemopoiesis precursors may be collected rapidly after stimulation. Fast and persistent recovery of hemopoiesis in transplantation of this material after superhigh-dose chemotherapy of prognostically unfavourable patients is demonstrated. Cytokin (granulocytic and granulocytic-macrophagal growth factors) promoted fast and reliable production of sufficient quantities of peripheral blood hemopoiesis cells precursors.

Blood loss in 14 anesthetized cats was completely replaced either by polyglucin (control group) or polyglucin with addition of polyethylene oxide (mol. mass 6x10(6)). Blood of the cats contained 2.6-4.4 x 10(6) g/ml of polyethylene oxide. Its introduction promoted advanced recovery of hemodynamic indices and stimulated systemic oxygen transport.

Present-day chemotherapy warrants complete remissions in 45-70% of patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. However, therapeutic policy at the stages of remission induction and residual disease remains disputable. The authors studied the role of 3 chemotherapy programs (7 + 3, 7 + 3 + vincristine, C-ROPM) in achievement of remission of acute leukemia and effects of long-term standard regimens of remission maintenance and bone marrow transplantation on long-term relapse-free survival of patients. The addition of vincristine to the program 7 + 3 failed to make remission more frequent and recurrence-free survival longer. C-ROMP program warranted remission in 70% of patients, this proportion being significantly higher than on programs 7 + 3 and 7 + 3 + vincristine. More intensive chemotherapy during remission induction resulted in a rise of 4-year recurrence-free survival from 12 to 44%. Bone marrow transplantation used for treatment intensification in remission increased 4-year recurrence-free survival compared to standard chemotherapy from 44 to 80%.

The authors' investigations found plasmocytic infiltration of bone marrow and marked resorption of bone tissue in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Instead of the expected reduction in bone marrow volume the latter slightly increased. MM patients have significantly higher quantity of endosteal stromal cells, accumulations of osteoblastic cellular elements considered as initial osteogenesis. A close correlation was revealed between bone tissue volume, number of erythroid elements in bone marrow and red cell count in peripheral blood. Volume of fatty tissues in MM patients is low. MM patients demonstrate pronounced morphofuctional disturbances in hemopoietic microenvironment of bone marrow.

Experiments of mice F1(CBAx57BL) were made to study cyclophosphamide effects on the number of circulating neutrophil granulocytes (NG) and on their main functions (receptor, phagocytic, function of microbicidal systems). NG count, the number of NG carrying receptors to sheep red cells, complementary EAC=POH, phagocytic and digestive activities and NBT-test were measured 15 and 60 min after administration of small (0.5 mg/kg) and large (150 mg/kg) doses of cyclophosphamide. The results suggest clear dose- and time-related effect of the drug which can induce both depression and stimulation. The data obtained can be utilized in developing approaches to prevention of complications caused by NG dysfunctions in immunosuppressive therapy of tumors, lymphoproliferative diseases, organ and tissue transplantation.

The paper describes processing of peripheral blood screening based on methods of mathematical statistics and partially ordered sets theory. This allows global assay of individual and populational blood, assessment of borderline conditions by introduction of global criterion. The above methodology was tried to analyze data obtained at screening of peripheral blood from children living in radionuclide-contaminated regions. The most considerable contribution to region-specific populational differences belongs to red cells, monocytes, band neutrophils, eosinophils. Hemogram deterioration in children and adolescents seems to result rather from chemical pollution and social factors than radiation effect (in doses not high than 2.2 rem a year).

Blood rheology was studied in 83 patients with deforming coxarthrosis and 32 healthy controls. The following parameters were measured: blood viscosity, hematocrit, yield point, red cell aggregation and deformability, suspension stability. It is shown that blood rheology in coxarthrosis undergoes changes early in the disease course which progress with worsening of the patient's condition. High blood density in coxarthrosis is one of the factors responsible for postoperative thrombotic and thromboembolic complications.