Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i2978
A. Fajola, O. Olabumuyi, A. Alali, Bunmi Adetula, R. Ogbimi, Suodei Akenge
Background: A higher burden of preventable visual impairment has been reported in regions with poor knowledge of eye care, non-availability of or poor uptake of available screening services. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices as well as factors associated with eyecare among the residents of an inner-city community in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study using simple random sampling technique to select 254 consenting participants from a community on Lagos Island. Data was collected electronically using Microsoft office forms and analyzed with SPSS version 23. Frequencies, proportions and tables were used for descriptive analysis. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were done to identify predictors of the outcome variables. Results: More of the respondents (52.4% and 61.4%) were middle-aged and female respectively with a mean age of 49.7±16.6 years. About 61.0% of them use prescription eyeglasses, 69.3% had a good knowledge of the importance of routine eye checks. Good attitude and practice of eye care were reported among 78.7% and 68.5% respectively. Respondents with a tertiary level of education were more likely to have a good attitude (OR=2.8; 95% CI=1.115-7.120) and good practice OR=2.7; 95% CI=1.207-5.869) versus lower educational levels. Conclusion: This study revealed that efforts to increase access to education, particularly in low-income areas, can contribute to improved attitudes and practices related to eye health care. Addressing gaps in knowledge and promoting regular eye check-ups were seen to be essential steps toward achieving better eye health outcomes in Nigeria and similar settings.
{"title":"Beyond Community Health Service Provision: Assessing the Knowledge Attitude and Practice of Eye Care among Beneficiaries of an Intervention in an Inner-City Community in Lagos Metropolis","authors":"A. Fajola, O. Olabumuyi, A. Alali, Bunmi Adetula, R. Ogbimi, Suodei Akenge","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i2978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i2978","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A higher burden of preventable visual impairment has been reported in regions with poor knowledge of eye care, non-availability of or poor uptake of available screening services. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practices as well as factors associated with eyecare among the residents of an inner-city community in Lagos, Nigeria. \u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study using simple random sampling technique to select 254 consenting participants from a community on Lagos Island. Data was collected electronically using Microsoft office forms and analyzed with SPSS version 23. Frequencies, proportions and tables were used for descriptive analysis. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were done to identify predictors of the outcome variables. \u0000Results: More of the respondents (52.4% and 61.4%) were middle-aged and female respectively with a mean age of 49.7±16.6 years. About 61.0% of them use prescription eyeglasses, 69.3% had a good knowledge of the importance of routine eye checks. Good attitude and practice of eye care were reported among 78.7% and 68.5% respectively. Respondents with a tertiary level of education were more likely to have a good attitude (OR=2.8; 95% CI=1.115-7.120) and good practice OR=2.7; 95% CI=1.207-5.869) versus lower educational levels. \u0000Conclusion: This study revealed that efforts to increase access to education, particularly in low-income areas, can contribute to improved attitudes and practices related to eye health care. Addressing gaps in knowledge and promoting regular eye check-ups were seen to be essential steps toward achieving better eye health outcomes in Nigeria and similar settings.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139688130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1977
Rana Muhammad Nabeel Aslam, Noor-ul-Ain, Husnain Ali, Ayesha Muzammil, Anam Iqbal
Neuroplasticity is the capability of brain cells to interchange as well as modify for the ultimate cause of higher proficiency to acclimatize to the new situations. Neuroplasticity also plays a very pivotal role in the development and then further progressing of neurodegenerative disorders. The severe adjustments in neural plasticity caused by high pressure, anxiety and other terrible stimuli like stress play a considerable role in the onset and cause of depression. This comprehensive review explores the pivotal role of neuroplasticity in neurodegenerative disorders, shedding light on the dynamic adaptive processes of the nervous system in response to pathological conditions. The paper synthesizes current research findings to elucidate the intricate interplay between neuroplasticity and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, it delves into potential pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions aimed at modulating neuroplasticity to ameliorate or mitigate the impact of these disorders. By examining diverse strategies, from pharmaceutical interventions to lifestyle modifications, this review contributes to a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration and offers insights into promising avenues for therapeutic development.
{"title":"A Review on the Role of Neuroplasticity in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Its Possible Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Interventions","authors":"Rana Muhammad Nabeel Aslam, Noor-ul-Ain, Husnain Ali, Ayesha Muzammil, Anam Iqbal","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1977","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroplasticity is the capability of brain cells to interchange as well as modify for the ultimate cause of higher proficiency to acclimatize to the new situations. Neuroplasticity also plays a very pivotal role in the development and then further progressing of neurodegenerative disorders. The severe adjustments in neural plasticity caused by high pressure, anxiety and other terrible stimuli like stress play a considerable role in the onset and cause of depression. This comprehensive review explores the pivotal role of neuroplasticity in neurodegenerative disorders, shedding light on the dynamic adaptive processes of the nervous system in response to pathological conditions. The paper synthesizes current research findings to elucidate the intricate interplay between neuroplasticity and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, it delves into potential pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions aimed at modulating neuroplasticity to ameliorate or mitigate the impact of these disorders. By examining diverse strategies, from pharmaceutical interventions to lifestyle modifications, this review contributes to a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration and offers insights into promising avenues for therapeutic development.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140472268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1975
Kumar H. R.
Acute calculous cholecystitis is a common condition that results in upper abdominal pain and this condition is diagnosed with leukocytosis and ultrasound of the abdomen. The Tokyo guidelines have categorized them into three groups according to the severity of the disease. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard in the management of acute cholecystitis with early cholecystectomy being preferred to delayed cholecystectomy. The timing of early cholecystectomy is still being debated. Percutaneous cholecystostomy is used as a bridging procedure for high-risk patients. We have conducted this review article to look at the role of antibiotics, the timing of cholecystectomy and indication of percutaneous cholecystostomy in the management of acute calculous cholecystitis.
{"title":"Current Management of Acute Cholecystitis: A Narrative Review","authors":"Kumar H. R.","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1975","url":null,"abstract":"Acute calculous cholecystitis is a common condition that results in upper abdominal pain and this condition is diagnosed with leukocytosis and ultrasound of the abdomen. The Tokyo guidelines have categorized them into three groups according to the severity of the disease. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard in the management of acute cholecystitis with early cholecystectomy being preferred to delayed cholecystectomy. The timing of early cholecystectomy is still being debated. Percutaneous cholecystostomy is used as a bridging procedure for high-risk patients. We have conducted this review article to look at the role of antibiotics, the timing of cholecystectomy and indication of percutaneous cholecystostomy in the management of acute calculous cholecystitis.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-29DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1976
Abdullah Nasser Alshahrani, Ahmad Abrahem Awadh Alhweti, B. A. M. Alshehri, Rayan Abdullah Said Alqhtani, Mohammed Hussain Alzahib, Ibrahim Abdullah Alamri, Fahad Abdullah Alqahtani, Norah Saad Jubran Alkahtani
Background: One of the main pathological risk factors for the emergence of many cardiovascular illnesses is high blood pressure (BP). Exercise and diet play a significant role in modifying blood pressure, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Objectives: To summarize the available data on the extent of compliance of hypertensive patients to diet and exercise. Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. Results and Interpretation: We included fourteen studies with a total of 752 patients, and 215 (28.6%) were males. One of the key elements in managing hypertension is physical activity. Only research revealed a low rate of compliance with dietary requirements. A decrease in the number of fruits and vegetables ingested and increased consumption of fatty and salty foods are examples of this non-compliance. Family support and self-motivation were found to be strongly correlated with diet compliance. Three studies indicated that patients had high levels of adherence to their diet and medicine, particularly those who had a family history of hypertension. Future research should concentrate on exposures that are probably biologically linked to the risk of hypertension and blood pressure changes, even though the quality of the available data is still poor.
背景：高血压是导致多种心血管疾病的主要病理风险因素之一。运动和饮食在调节血压方面发挥着重要作用，但其潜在机制尚不十分清楚。研究目的总结有关高血压患者饮食和运动依从性的现有数据。方法：系统检索了 PubMed、SCOPUS、Web of Science 和 Science Direct 中的相关文献。在整个综合过程中采用了 Rayyan QRCI。结果与解释：我们纳入了 14 项研究，共有 752 名患者，其中 215 名（28.6%）为男性。体育锻炼是控制高血压的关键因素之一。只有一项研究显示，饮食要求的达标率较低。摄入水果和蔬菜的数量减少，脂肪和咸味食物的摄入量增加，就是不遵守饮食要求的例子。研究发现，家庭支持和自我激励与饮食依从性密切相关。三项研究表明，患者对饮食和药物的依从性很高，尤其是那些有高血压家族史的患者。尽管现有数据的质量仍然不高，但未来的研究应集中于那些可能与高血压风险和血压变化存在生物学联系的暴露因素。
{"title":"Adherence of Hypertension Patients to a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity: A Systematic Review","authors":"Abdullah Nasser Alshahrani, Ahmad Abrahem Awadh Alhweti, B. A. M. Alshehri, Rayan Abdullah Said Alqhtani, Mohammed Hussain Alzahib, Ibrahim Abdullah Alamri, Fahad Abdullah Alqahtani, Norah Saad Jubran Alkahtani","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1976","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the main pathological risk factors for the emergence of many cardiovascular illnesses is high blood pressure (BP). Exercise and diet play a significant role in modifying blood pressure, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. \u0000Objectives: To summarize the available data on the extent of compliance of hypertensive patients to diet and exercise. \u0000Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. \u0000Results and Interpretation: We included fourteen studies with a total of 752 patients, and 215 (28.6%) were males. One of the key elements in managing hypertension is physical activity. Only research revealed a low rate of compliance with dietary requirements. A decrease in the number of fruits and vegetables ingested and increased consumption of fatty and salty foods are examples of this non-compliance. Family support and self-motivation were found to be strongly correlated with diet compliance. Three studies indicated that patients had high levels of adherence to their diet and medicine, particularly those who had a family history of hypertension. Future research should concentrate on exposures that are probably biologically linked to the risk of hypertension and blood pressure changes, even though the quality of the available data is still poor.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-27DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1973
Hassanat E. Mustafa
Background: A pandemic and novel coronavirus disease in China 2019. All world countries took a series of protective and quarantine measures to prevent the spread of the virus. These measures led to various behaviors and attitudes during the period. Aim: To assess the positive attitudes and benefits, that the participants acquired during the health precaution or quarantine period of (COVID-19) at Makkah Al- Mukaromah. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in 2020. A snowball sampling method was adopted. The number of participants was 150 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and completed an online questionnaire. The questionnaire evaluated the physical social, and scientific benefits that were acquired during the period of quarantine. Results: The findings of the study expressed positive changes in behavior and attitudes among participants, such as memorizing the Qur'an, attending qualifying courses, acquiring (23%) reading and (20%) drawing skills. More than 22% learned different types of sports and exercises. (9%) of them participated in health education and. social work. The quarantine was the best period for (19%) of participants there were improvement in communication with their families. Conclusion: Participants acquired physical social, and scientific benefits and skills during the COVID-19 quarantine period especially memorizing the Quran and acquiring cooking food skills.
{"title":"Benefits and Skills Acquired during Coronavirus (COVID-19) Quarantine Period","authors":"Hassanat E. Mustafa","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1973","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A pandemic and novel coronavirus disease in China 2019. All world countries took a series of protective and quarantine measures to prevent the spread of the virus. These measures led to various behaviors and attitudes during the period. \u0000Aim: To assess the positive attitudes and benefits, that the participants acquired during the health precaution or quarantine period of (COVID-19) at Makkah Al- Mukaromah. \u0000Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in 2020. A snowball sampling method was adopted. The number of participants was 150 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and completed an online questionnaire. The questionnaire evaluated the physical social, and scientific benefits that were acquired during the period of quarantine. \u0000Results: The findings of the study expressed positive changes in behavior and attitudes among participants, such as memorizing the Qur'an, attending qualifying courses, acquiring (23%) reading and (20%) drawing skills. More than 22% learned different types of sports and exercises. (9%) of them participated in health education and. social work. \u0000The quarantine was the best period for (19%) of participants there were improvement in communication with their families. \u0000Conclusion: Participants acquired physical social, and scientific benefits and skills during the COVID-19 quarantine period especially memorizing the Quran and acquiring cooking food skills.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139592590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-27DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1974
Essien E. F., Anyika-Elekeh J. U.
Background: Hypertension is one of the major global health challenges with high prevalence and undesirable complications, and is a major cause of premature death worldwide. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of juice extracted from beetroot (BR), red radish (RR) and white radish (WR) tubers on experimentally induced hypertension in 10-week-old Wistar rats. Methodology: Total of 35 rats was randomly divided into seven (7) experimental groups A - G with 5 rats each. Rats in group A were not induced (normotensive group). All the rats in groups B-G were induced with hypertensive agent. Group B was not treated (negative control), groups C-G were treated simultaneously with a dose of 800 mg/kg body weight (orally) of BR, RR, WR, BR+RR combination, and standard drug (5mg Amlodipine) respectively. The study lasted for a period of 28 days during which the blood pressure and heart rate (HR) of each of the experimental rats were measured at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28th day using Stethoscope technique. The interpretation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were made from pulse tracings using Aneroid Sphygmomanometer. The mean blood pressure (MBP) was calculated from SBP and DBP. Results: The BR, RR, WR and combination of BR+RR, did decrease the number of heart beats/minute from 192.00/minute to 208.80/minute which is within the normal base line, whereas the untreated rats recorded increase from 192.00/minute to 246.80/minute. The result showed that the hypertensive rats recorded higher (P<0.05) mean values of SBP, the treated groups altered the rise from 110.40 mmHg to 100.40mmHg with the standard drugs, followed by the white radish treatment group, the combination of BR+RR, before RR, lastly the BR group. For DBP, at week 4, same impact reflected again, but week 2 and week 3 had WR to have the best effect, followed by BR +RR, then RR before the standard drug and then Beetroot. The BR + RR juice performed better than the individual RR and BR juice groups, suggesting possible synergistic effect. Conclusion: The 3 juice extracts had demonstrated varying degrees of protection, provided scientific evidence of their anti- hypertensive activities in an experimentally induced hypertension. Further studies are hereby recommended to isolate the specific biomolecule active agent(s) and investigate the mechanism of action.
{"title":"Effect of Beet Root (Beta vulgaris), White and Red Radish (Raphanus sativus and Raphanus longipinnatus) Juice Extract, on Salt Induced Hypertensive Wistar Rats","authors":"Essien E. F., Anyika-Elekeh J. U.","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1974","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypertension is one of the major global health challenges with high prevalence and undesirable complications, and is a major cause of premature death worldwide. \u0000Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of juice extracted from beetroot (BR), red radish (RR) and white radish (WR) tubers on experimentally induced hypertension in 10-week-old Wistar rats. \u0000Methodology: Total of 35 rats was randomly divided into seven (7) experimental groups A - G with 5 rats each. Rats in group A were not induced (normotensive group). All the rats in groups B-G were induced with hypertensive agent. Group B was not treated (negative control), groups C-G were treated simultaneously with a dose of 800 mg/kg body weight (orally) of BR, RR, WR, BR+RR combination, and standard drug (5mg Amlodipine) respectively. The study lasted for a period of 28 days during which the blood pressure and heart rate (HR) of each of the experimental rats were measured at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28th day using Stethoscope technique. The interpretation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were made from pulse tracings using Aneroid Sphygmomanometer. The mean blood pressure (MBP) was calculated from SBP and DBP. \u0000Results: The BR, RR, WR and combination of BR+RR, did decrease the number of heart beats/minute from 192.00/minute to 208.80/minute which is within the normal base line, whereas the untreated rats recorded increase from 192.00/minute to 246.80/minute. The result showed that the hypertensive rats recorded higher (P<0.05) mean values of SBP, the treated groups altered the rise from 110.40 mmHg to 100.40mmHg with the standard drugs, followed by the white radish treatment group, the combination of BR+RR, before RR, lastly the BR group. For DBP, at week 4, same impact reflected again, but week 2 and week 3 had WR to have the best effect, followed by BR +RR, then RR before the standard drug and then Beetroot. The BR + RR juice performed better than the individual RR and BR juice groups, suggesting possible synergistic effect. \u0000Conclusion: The 3 juice extracts had demonstrated varying degrees of protection, provided scientific evidence of their anti- hypertensive activities in an experimentally induced hypertension. Further studies are hereby recommended to isolate the specific biomolecule active agent(s) and investigate the mechanism of action.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139592703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-25DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1971
S. Alanazi, Rehab Nawaf S. Alanazi, Malak Nawaf Alanazi
Background: Among adult leukaemias, chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is one of the most prevalent types. The Philadelphia chromosome, which constitutively activates tyrosine kinase through the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein, is central to the pathophysiology of CML. Objectives: To study the risk factors and prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia in Saudi Arabia. Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. Results and Interpretation: seven studies with a total of 658 patients and 357 (54.3) were males. Risk factors for the development of CML were shown to be limited to younger and middle-aged groups, with a slight male predominance. This study showed that imatinib for CML has both long-term efficacy and manageable side effects. Improved compliance, lower blast and basophil counts, increased haemoglobin, increased platelets, and a low-risk score were all associated with different molecular reactions to imatinib. Future research is required to assess the possible risk factors, management lines, and prognostic factors of CML in Saudi population.
{"title":"Risk Factors and Prognosis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review","authors":"S. Alanazi, Rehab Nawaf S. Alanazi, Malak Nawaf Alanazi","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1971","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Among adult leukaemias, chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is one of the most prevalent types. The Philadelphia chromosome, which constitutively activates tyrosine kinase through the BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein, is central to the pathophysiology of CML. \u0000Objectives: To study the risk factors and prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia in Saudi Arabia. \u0000Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct were systematically searched for relevant literature. Rayyan QRCI was employed throughout this comprehensive process. \u0000Results and Interpretation: seven studies with a total of 658 patients and 357 (54.3) were males. Risk factors for the development of CML were shown to be limited to younger and middle-aged groups, with a slight male predominance. This study showed that imatinib for CML has both long-term efficacy and manageable side effects. Improved compliance, lower blast and basophil counts, increased haemoglobin, increased platelets, and a low-risk score were all associated with different molecular reactions to imatinib. Future research is required to assess the possible risk factors, management lines, and prognostic factors of CML in Saudi population.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139595954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-05DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1969
F. B. K. Sorvor, E. Ewusie
The molecular revolution in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis has ushered in a new era of patient treatment that is quicker, more accurate, and clinically appropriate. In cases where treatment resistance is suspected or if tuberculosis (TB) is present, the most cutting-edge molecular diagnostic tool available is the Xpert test developed by Cepheid in Sunnyvale, California. In December 2010, it was swiftly recognized as the main technique for TB diagnosis by the World Health Organization. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth understanding of TB and GeneXpert technology and its impact on the minimization of TB. The leading infectious disease killer in 2019 was tuberculosis (TB). Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) killed an estimated 1.2 million people in 2019, with an additional 208,000 lost to the disease among HIV-positive individuals. almost the world, the sickness affected almost 10.0 million people. Of all tuberculosis cases, 88% were in adults, while 12% were in children less than 15 years old. The 2019 tuberculosis case rates were lower in the East Mediterranean (8.2%), the Americas (2.9%), and Europe (2.5%), compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) zones of South-East Asia (44%), Africa (25%), and the Western Pacific (18%). This study will provide an in-depth understanding of GeneXpert technology and its impact on the healthcare system.
{"title":"The Impact of Genexpert MTB/RIF Technology on the Minimization of Tuberculosis: A Review of Literature","authors":"F. B. K. Sorvor, E. Ewusie","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i1969","url":null,"abstract":"The molecular revolution in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis has ushered in a new era of patient treatment that is quicker, more accurate, and clinically appropriate. In cases where treatment resistance is suspected or if tuberculosis (TB) is present, the most cutting-edge molecular diagnostic tool available is the Xpert test developed by Cepheid in Sunnyvale, California. In December 2010, it was swiftly recognized as the main technique for TB diagnosis by the World Health Organization. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth understanding of TB and GeneXpert technology and its impact on the minimization of TB. The leading infectious disease killer in 2019 was tuberculosis (TB). Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) killed an estimated 1.2 million people in 2019, with an additional 208,000 lost to the disease among HIV-positive individuals. almost the world, the sickness affected almost 10.0 million people. Of all tuberculosis cases, 88% were in adults, while 12% were in children less than 15 years old. The 2019 tuberculosis case rates were lower in the East Mediterranean (8.2%), the Americas (2.9%), and Europe (2.5%), compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) zones of South-East Asia (44%), Africa (25%), and the Western Pacific (18%). This study will provide an in-depth understanding of GeneXpert technology and its impact on the healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139450453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i12964
Sayed Athar Hussain Kazmi
Artificial intelligence is a thriving field in the modern world today. Almost every other operation in today’s world is being integrated with the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Artificial Intelligence does not only include the automation of conventional processes, but also includes the introduction of several new programs and interactions that help make work easier for everyone. The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into the realm of anesthesia, particularly in remote pre-operative assessment and perioperative care, brings forth a nuanced landscape of advantages and challenges. On the positive side, AI demonstrates remarkable efficiency and precision in the preoperative phase, rapidly analyzing extensive datasets to offer accurate insights into patient health and potential risks. Its expertise in predicting and struggling through anesthesia-related risks stands out, aiding healthcare professionals in anticipating challenges and allowing for personalized interventions. The capability to tailor anesthesia plans based on individual patient characteristics further adds a layer of sophistication, potentially optimizing administration and improving overall outcomes. In perioperative care, AI’s remote monitoring capabilities provide real-time insights into vital signs and potential complications, enabling patient safety through prompt responses. Additionally, AI serves as a valuable decision support system, offering recommendations and additional information for more informed decision-making. This article shall review the scope of artificial intelligence within the field of anesthesia and would reflect upon how it has helped people living in remote areas access better healthcare facilities through its proposition.
{"title":"The Impact/Role of Artificial Intelligence in Anesthesia: Remote Pre-Operative Assessment and Perioperative","authors":"Sayed Athar Hussain Kazmi","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i12964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i12964","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence is a thriving field in the modern world today. Almost every other operation in today’s world is being integrated with the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Artificial Intelligence does not only include the automation of conventional processes, but also includes the introduction of several new programs and interactions that help make work easier for everyone. The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) into the realm of anesthesia, particularly in remote pre-operative assessment and perioperative care, brings forth a nuanced landscape of advantages and challenges. On the positive side, AI demonstrates remarkable efficiency and precision in the preoperative phase, rapidly analyzing extensive datasets to offer accurate insights into patient health and potential risks. Its expertise in predicting and struggling through anesthesia-related risks stands out, aiding healthcare professionals in anticipating challenges and allowing for personalized interventions. The capability to tailor anesthesia plans based on individual patient characteristics further adds a layer of sophistication, potentially optimizing administration and improving overall outcomes. In perioperative care, AI’s remote monitoring capabilities provide real-time insights into vital signs and potential complications, enabling patient safety through prompt responses. Additionally, AI serves as a valuable decision support system, offering recommendations and additional information for more informed decision-making. This article shall review the scope of artificial intelligence within the field of anesthesia and would reflect upon how it has helped people living in remote areas access better healthcare facilities through its proposition.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-22DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i12963
Bertha Onyenachi Akagbue, Mu’awiya Baba Aminu, Tasha Siame, Oseigbovo Favour Ofure, Chibuzor Titus Amaobichukwu, Enebe Simon Adinoyi, Emmanuel Abiodun Nwafor, Tolulope Idiat Ogunsanya, Yisa Adeniyi Abolade, O. Bolaji
This study investigates air quality in the Rumuolumeni environs, River State, Nigeria, which started in November 2016 when soot became a public health hazard to date. The study identified the cause of the soot, which is unregulated refineries (known as kpoo fire), and compared effluent from a regulated refinery and the source in the chosen community. The population of the study area and its environs have witnessed adverse environmental influences as a result of the emissions and accumulation of unburnt carbon materials (soot) within the first four quarters of 2016. This research has provided a solution that will ensure that federal government environmental agency/ regulatory bodies in terms of environmental protection should carry out their functions effectively and efficiently on soot pollution, which has resulted in a decline in public health in the study area. In addition, numerous local refineries built in the area by quacks should be eliminated so as to reduce environmental pollution and public health hazards further. In conclusion, the investigation has further revealed that the numerous home-made petroleum refineries are the major sources of black carbon pollution, which has a direct link to the host community and its environs.
{"title":"Medical Effect of Emission from Unregulated Refineries at Rumuolumeni Community in Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria","authors":"Bertha Onyenachi Akagbue, Mu’awiya Baba Aminu, Tasha Siame, Oseigbovo Favour Ofure, Chibuzor Titus Amaobichukwu, Enebe Simon Adinoyi, Emmanuel Abiodun Nwafor, Tolulope Idiat Ogunsanya, Yisa Adeniyi Abolade, O. Bolaji","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i12963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i12963","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates air quality in the Rumuolumeni environs, River State, Nigeria, which started in November 2016 when soot became a public health hazard to date. The study identified the cause of the soot, which is unregulated refineries (known as kpoo fire), and compared effluent from a regulated refinery and the source in the chosen community. The population of the study area and its environs have witnessed adverse environmental influences as a result of the emissions and accumulation of unburnt carbon materials (soot) within the first four quarters of 2016. This research has provided a solution that will ensure that federal government environmental agency/ regulatory bodies in terms of environmental protection should carry out their functions effectively and efficiently on soot pollution, which has resulted in a decline in public health in the study area. In addition, numerous local refineries built in the area by quacks should be eliminated so as to reduce environmental pollution and public health hazards further. In conclusion, the investigation has further revealed that the numerous home-made petroleum refineries are the major sources of black carbon pollution, which has a direct link to the host community and its environs.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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