Disability and Rehabilitation最新文献

Purpose: To quantitatively assess changes in recovery of people recovering from COVID-19 treated by a primary care allied health professional, and to qualitatively describe how they dealt with persistent complaints.

Materials and methods: This mixed-methods study is part of a Dutch prospective cohort study, from which thirty participants were selected through purposive sampling. Quantitative data on recovery were collected at start of treatment and 6 months. Additionally, by use of semi-structured interviews participants were asked on how persistent complaints influenced their lives, and how they experienced received primary care allied health treatment.

Results: Despite reported improvements, most participants still experienced limitations at 6 months. Hospital participants reported a higher severity of complaints, but home participants reported more diverse complaints and a longer recovery. Most participants were satisfied with the primary care allied healthcare. Tender loving care and a listening ear, learning to manage limits, and support and acceptance of building up in small steps were perceived as contributing most to participants' recovery.

Conclusion: Although improvements were reported on almost all outcomes, most participants suffered from persistent complaints. Despite these persistent complaints, many participants reported being better able to cope with persistent complaints because they had decreased substantially in their intensity.

Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov registry (NCT04735744).

Purpose: To explore how patients with rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) perceive participation in the goal setting process prior to interdisciplinary rehabilitation.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 22 participants admitted to an interdisciplinary rehabilitation stay for patients with RMDs at two Danish rehabilitation centres. Qualitative content analysis was applied.

Results: The participants perceived goal setting as a joint venture between two parties: the health professionals and the participant. Three categories were formed, which described both facilitators and barriers in the process. Responsibility for goal setting described the importance of shared responsibility, or health professionals as experts, taking full responsibility for goal setting. Equipped for goal setting included perceptions of being well prepared for the process, or considerations that goal setting was difficult because of a lack of information. An equal member of the team entailed both the feeling of being recognised as one in the team, or feeling like an outsider.

Conclusion: Goal setting is perceived as a challenge by some patients. Participation in goal setting depends on both the capacity and the opportunity to participate which are factors linked to patients' level of health literacy.

Background: Stroke survivors exhibit sedentary behavior, and many do not engage in physical activity and exercise for a number of reasons. Secondary prevention through physical activity is a priority to avoid a new stroke or disease.

Objective: To describe the experience of stroke survivors with maintained walking ability living in Spain regarding physical activity and exercise.

Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted. Purposive sampling was carried out to include 35 stroke survivors who had stroke more than 6 months ago from 14 neurorehabilitation centers in 24 cities in Spain. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and researchers' field notes. The Giorgi approach was used for the qualitative analysis of the data collected.

Results: Three themes emerged: a) Changes in the experience of physical activity and exercise adaptation; b) Reasons for and against the practice of physical activity and exercise; c) Experiencing tiredness and fatigue.

Conclusions: Our results show the individual post-stroke perception of each person, the reasons for and against the practice of physical activity and exercise, as well as the impact this has on their daily life and activity. These results will help health professionals to understand the needs of stroke survivors when prescribing physical activity and exercise included in intervention programs.

Purpose: To develop and validate an evidence-based observational tool to measure engagement in telepractice early intervention (EI).

Materials and methods: The Engagement in Telepractice Observational Tool (eTOT) was developed based on a previous e-Delphi study. Two independent raters used a set of 50 items to score 45 videorecorded telepractice EI sessions with young children with communication difficulties and their family. Principal component analysis (PCA) and reliability measures were conducted.

Results: PCA identified six key components related to the measurement of engagement in telepractice. The components representing professional behaviours were (1) interacting directly with the parent; (2) getting to know the child and family to keep them motivated; (3) maximising the telepractice environment; and (4) demonstrating and practising the parent's role as agent of therapy. The two remaining components represented family behaviours: (5) parent interacting and supporting their child; and (6) family collaborating directly with the professional. The eTOT was found to have good reliability (α = .86), with very good test-retest and inter-rater reliability scores (κ_w = .85 and .94 respectively).

Conclusion: There is preliminary evidence that the eTOT is a valid and reliable tool to measure engagement during telepractice EI. The eTOT can be used as a self-reflection tool to identify and provide engagement-building opportunities in family-centred telepractice EI.

Purpose: In 2023, the World Health Assembly endorsed a Resolution on Strengthening Rehabilitation in Health Systems. This study aims to explore the perspectives of Swiss rehabilitation stakeholders regarding the relevance, challenges, and opportunities of the Resolution for Switzerland.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Swiss rehabilitation stakeholders. Purposive snowball sampling with a quota system ensured a representative sample. Survey development and reporting adhered to the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES). Descriptive analysis was applied to quantitative data, while thematic analysis was used for free-text responses.

Results: A representative sample of 282 Swiss rehabilitation stakeholders completed the survey. Developing multidisciplinary rehabilitation skills emerged as the most relevant action in the Resolution. Primary challenges centred on financing and workforce issues and integrated care, while main opportunities included policy development and advocacy efforts.

Conclusion: This study enhances the understanding of current challenges and opportunities for rehabilitation in Switzerland. Leveraging this approach and related findings into national and international policy considerations can support policymakers responding in a contextualised manner to the urges of the Resolution.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the translation, validation, and reliability of the Albanian ODI (ODI-A) version 2.1b.

Methods: Standardized guidelines for evaluation of psychometric properties were followed. Participants were recruited from a national center with orthopedic-traumatological specialty of an Albanian region. The construct validity, internal consistency, and the reliability of ODI-A measured by seven days test-retest method across two repeated measures were considered.

Results: In total, 200 patients completed the ODI-A 2.1b version: 43% had low back pain, 36% had rheumatoid arthritis as principal diagnosis and the other participants had trauma, luxation, discal hernia, and fractures as diagnosis accompanied by back pain. There were no missing items. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin was 0.613 and Bartlett's test of sphericity was found to be significant (p < 0.001). ODI-A showed excellent test-retest reliability of each item (ICC = 0.707-0.959). Cronbach's α for the first completion was 0.684, ICC for ODI-A was 0.629, the SEM was 1.701, and MDC_95% was 4.71.

Conclusions: ODI-A, adapted from a linguistic and cultural perspective, meets validity and reliability requirements necessary for its use in the Albanian population with back pain.

Purpose: To conduct the first known comprehensive examination of loneliness and its correlates in a diverse sample of people with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 343 people with SCI provided responses to the 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale-Version 3. We examined the relation of loneliness to measures of demographic, disability, physical health, and social characteristics.

Results: The majority (56%) of respondents had scores indicating high levels of loneliness. At least a quarter of respondents indicated that they often felt alone, left out, isolated, and lacking in companionship. At least a quarter rarely or never felt there were people who really understood them, with whom they could talk, and with whom they had a lot in common. In univariate analyses, loneliness was associated with several demographic, disability, and health characteristics suggesting potential risk factors. In multiple regression analyses, social characteristics (social integration, social support, satisfaction with social roles) were the most strongly associated with loneliness.

Conclusions: Our findings underscore the high prevalence of loneliness among people with SCI. Given the adverse health consequences of loneliness documented in the general literature, there is an urgent need for researchers, healthcare providers, and policy makers to address the loneliness crisis in this population.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the 2-Minute Step Test (2MST) in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).

Method: This cross-sectional study involved 55 volunteers, aged 18-80, diagnosed with lumbar spinal stenosis. The participants were assessed using the 2MST, the 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT), the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). To evaluate the reliability of the 2MST, test-retest reliability was determined by administering the 2MST again after a 7-day interval. The reliability analysis included the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimum detectable change at the 95% confidence level (MDC₉₅). For concurrent validity, the correlations of the 2MST with the 2MWT, 6MWT, and ODI were assessed.

Results: The 2MST exhibited excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.94, SEM = 5.56, MDC₉₅=15.41) in LSS patients. Additionally, the 2MST showed significant correlations with the 2MWT (r = 0.842, p < 0.001), 6MWT (r = 0.819, p < 0.001), and ODI score (r = -0.722, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the 2MST is a valid and reliable tool for assessing exercise capacity in individuals with LSS.

Clinicaltrials.gov id: NCT06060821.