Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69117
Jiaxuan Song
During the Polish uprising of 1863, L.N. Tolstoy expressed a desire to go to war again, as is known from his letter to A.A. Fet dated May 1-3 and from S.A. Tolstoy's diary dated September 22, 1863. As a result, the very military-political context of 1863, in which this desire was formed, remained practically unexplored. It remained unclear which Polish or pan-European events could actualize Tolstoy's desire in May and September 1863, why this desire is now escalating, then, obviously, retreating. In this article we will fill this gap by recreating the foreign policy context of 1863 on the basis of newspaper reports about the Polish uprising in April-May and September. In the early 60s, the Polish uprising entailed the intervention of Western powers in the conflict. This led to a diplomatic struggle between the Russian Empire and the Western powers. The focus of our attention will be publications from the "Moscow Vedomosti" edited by M.N. Katkov, which Tolstoy most likely followed. The main method of research is comparative and cultural-historical. Using these methods, we analyze in detail what exactly happened in May and September 1863 in the theater of operations in Poland and in the diplomatic spheres of Europe. Recreating the international situation of that time, we will prove that Tolstoy's desire to "take the sword off the rusty nail", about which he wrote to Fet, arose at the most critical moments for European diplomacy, when a new war between Russia and a coalition of Western states (like the Patriotic or Crimean) seemed almost inevitable. And the disappearance of his desire is connected with the elimination of this military threat. This proves that at the time of the beginning of work on "War and Peace", the writer was still quite closely following the modern political agenda, although he refused to participate in the war, the thought of it did not pass without a trace and left an imprint on his artistic imagination. Tolstoy then offered the reader of War and Peace a generally peaceful view of relations between peoples.
{"title":"Newspaper reports about the Polish uprising of 1863 in the perception of L.N. Tolstoy","authors":"Jiaxuan Song","doi":"10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69117","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 During the Polish uprising of 1863, L.N. Tolstoy expressed a desire to go to war again, as is known from his letter to A.A. Fet dated May 1-3 and from S.A. Tolstoy's diary dated September 22, 1863. As a result, the very military-political context of 1863, in which this desire was formed, remained practically unexplored. It remained unclear which Polish or pan-European events could actualize Tolstoy's desire in May and September 1863, why this desire is now escalating, then, obviously, retreating. In this article we will fill this gap by recreating the foreign policy context of 1863 on the basis of newspaper reports about the Polish uprising in April-May and September. In the early 60s, the Polish uprising entailed the intervention of Western powers in the conflict. This led to a diplomatic struggle between the Russian Empire and the Western powers. The focus of our attention will be publications from the \"Moscow Vedomosti\" edited by M.N. Katkov, which Tolstoy most likely followed. The main method of research is comparative and cultural-historical. Using these methods, we analyze in detail what exactly happened in May and September 1863 in the theater of operations in Poland and in the diplomatic spheres of Europe. Recreating the international situation of that time, we will prove that Tolstoy's desire to \"take the sword off the rusty nail\", about which he wrote to Fet, arose at the most critical moments for European diplomacy, when a new war between Russia and a coalition of Western states (like the Patriotic or Crimean) seemed almost inevitable. And the disappearance of his desire is connected with the elimination of this military threat. This proves that at the time of the beginning of work on \"War and Peace\", the writer was still quite closely following the modern political agenda, although he refused to participate in the war, the thought of it did not pass without a trace and left an imprint on his artistic imagination. Tolstoy then offered the reader of War and Peace a generally peaceful view of relations between peoples.\u0000","PeriodicalId":506782,"journal":{"name":"Litera","volume":"108 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140517137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69595
Vadim Sergeevich Ryzhakov
As the object of the research the author chooses the linguistic characteristics of the intertextual unit as the main form of realization in texts of the stylistic device based on borrowing textual elements from other texts. Despite a significant development of the intertextuality theory, the analysis of the theoretical framework in the field of intertextual interaction reveals a lack of knowledge of the linguistic aspects of functioning of intertexts both at the level of expression and meaning. In the article the author analyzes the basic structural particularities of the intertextual unit in postmodernist fiction. This kind of textual material was chosen because of high content of intertexts in this discoursive system, the fact conditioned by the interest of postmodernist writers to the capacities of the stylistic device described in the article. To delineate the content of the notion “intertextuality” according to the “broad” and “restricted” approaches, the author applies cognitive methods and carries out an experiment based on semiotic methods whose the aim was to describe the mechanisms of decrypting intertexts in non-verbal texts. Having analyzed the content of the term “intertextuality” according to the “broad” and “restricted” approaches from the cognitive and semiotic points of view, the author suggests differentiating two distinct phenomena. One of them, the stylistic device based on inclusion of different elements of other texts into a proper text, is under-researched from the linguistic point of view. The article presents main theoretical conclusions about the correlation between the plane of expression of intertexts and their source-texts, as well as the types and the role of the attribution as a key intertextual element. The conclusions may be used in intertext-making activity, e.g. in translation. They may also serve as the basis for further researches in this field.
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Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69608
Vera Novikova
The subject of the study is the British family chronicles created at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries by E. Howard, R. Pilcher, E. Rutherford, D. Lennox, G. Swift. These works are analyzed from the point of view of their didactic potential, which is understood here as the intention of translating ethical norms and values. This genre has become the pinnacle of the development of the English social novel. Its authors considered it their task to influence the reader in terms of educating a "moral sense" in him, assimilating ethical norms and understanding a distinct hierarchy of values. The classic of the genre was the "Saga of the Forsytes" by D. Galsworthy, which denied the norms of Victorian morality, and broadcast a new system of values and the idea of historical progress. The article examines the changes in the genre that appeared under the influence of the postmodern worldview. Comparative historical and typological methods of analysis are used to compare the genre dominants of family chronicles in the early twentieth century and their implementation at the turn of the twentieth and twenty first centuries. The novelty lies in the addition of ideas about the axiology of modern mass literature. At the end of the century, there was a revolution in public consciousness, which led to the fundamental destruction of any hierarchies in ethical terms and the denial of the very idea of a positive movement of history. The authors of modern family chronicles overcome the decentering of ethics. In most of the works they refer to the events of the Second World War. The very desire to recall these lessons of history and the unequivocal denial of the ideology of fascism is proof of the didactic potential of the novels in question. In addition, they create an idealized model of family life. The influence of the postmodern worldview is reflected in the non-linearity of artistic time, the fragmentation of depicted events, and the loss of the idea of historical progress. The analysis of the family chronicles of these authors allowed us to determine the formulas and stamps of the genre.
研究对象是二十至二十一世纪之交由 E. Howard、R. Pilcher、E. Rutherford、D. Lennox 和 G. Swift 创作的英国家庭编年史。这些作品从其说教潜力的角度进行了分析，说教潜力在这里被理解为翻译伦理规范和价值观的意图。这种体裁已成为英国社会小说发展的顶峰。其作者认为自己的任务是影响读者，教育读者树立 "道德意识"，吸收道德规范，理解不同的价值等级。该体裁的经典之作是 D. Galsworthy 所著的《福赛特家的传奇》，它否定了维多利亚时代的道德规范，传播了一种新的价值观体系和历史进步思想。文章探讨了这一体裁在后现代世界观影响下出现的变化。文章采用历史比较法和类型学分析法，比较了二十世纪初家庭编年史的体裁主导及其在二十世纪和二十一世纪之交的实施情况。新颖之处在于加入了有关现代大众文学公理的观点。世纪末，公众意识发生了一场革命，从根本上摧毁了伦理方面的等级制度，否定了历史积极运动的理念。现代家庭编年史的作者们克服了伦理的非中心化。在大多数作品中，他们都提到了第二次世界大战的事件。回顾这些历史教训的愿望和对法西斯主义意识形态的明确否定证明了这些小说的说教潜力。此外，这些小说还创造了一种理想化的家庭生活模式。后现代世界观的影响体现在艺术时间的非线性、事件描写的碎片化以及历史进步观念的丧失。通过对这些作家的家庭编年史的分析，我们确定了这一体裁的公式和印记。
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Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69588
V. Kaverina
The article presents the methodology of research in the field of descriptive diachronic spelling. The aim of the work is to develop a system of criteria for choosing spelling variants at different stages of the formation of the studied orthogram. The need for such a system is justified both by the description of the diachronic analysis process and by a specific example of such an analysis. Special attention is paid to the disclosure of such important concepts for the theory of writing as "usage", "norm", "codification" and the relationship between these concepts. Special attention is paid to the question of the legality of the use of the term "customary norm", for which the arguments confirming the incorrectness of this term are considered in detail. In addition, the problems of correlation between the principles of spelling as tools of descriptive (descriptive) spelling and the rules as a result of the activities of orthologists codifying the norms of writing are discussed. The system of criteria for descriptive spelling is based on the system of rules of prescriptive spelling, namely the rules of modern spelling from the new electronic resource "Spelling commentary of the Russian Dictionary" (OROSS) by E. V. Beshenkova, O. E. Ivanova, E. V. Tenkova. The novelty of the results obtained in the article is due to the lack of research methodology in the field of descriptive diachronic spelling. The paper reveals such important concepts for the theory of writing as "usage", "norm", "codification" and clarifies the relationship between these concepts. As a result, the illegality of the use of the term "customary norm" was established, for which the arguments confirming the incorrectness of this term were considered in detail, in particular, that in certain contexts the terms "usage" and "norm" can be used indifferently. The result of the work was a system of criteria for choosing spelling options at different stages of the formation of the orthogram. The development of an original system of criteria for choosing spelling variants was carried out on the basis of a modern set of spelling rules. The scope of the research results is determined by describing the process of diachronic analysis of the orthogram and illustrated by a specific example of such analysis.
文章介绍了描述性异时拼写领域的研究方法。这项工作的目的是制定一套标准，用于在所研究的正字法形成的不同阶段选择拼写变体。通过对二时分析过程的描述和一个具体的二时分析实例，证明了这种系统的必要性。特别注意揭示 "用法"、"规范"、"编纂 "等写作理论的重要概念以及这些概念之间的关系。特别关注了使用 "习惯规范 "一词的合法性问题，并详细讨论了证实该词不正确的论据。此外，还讨论了作为描述性（描述性）拼写工具的拼写原则与作为正字法专家编纂写作规范活动成果的规则之间的关联问题。描述性拼写标准体系的基础是规定性拼写规则体系，即 E. V. Beshenkova、O. E. Ivanova、E. V. Tenkova 所著新电子资源《俄语词典拼写评注》（OROSS）中的现代拼写规则。文章所获成果的新颖性在于描述性异时拼写领域缺乏研究方法。本文揭示了 "用法"、"规范"、"编纂 "等写作理论的重要概念，并阐明了这些概念之间的关系。因此，本文确定了使用 "习惯规范 "一词的非法性，并详细考虑了证实该词不正确的论据，特别是在某些情况下，"用法 "和 "规范 "这两个词可以无区别地使用。这项工作的成果是建立了一套标准体系，用于在正字法形成的不同阶段选择拼写方案。在一套现代拼写规则的基础上，开发了一套独创的拼写变体选择标准系统。研究成果的范围是通过描述正字法的非同步分析过程来确定的，并通过这种分析的一个具体例子加以说明。
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Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69596
Inna I. Galankina, N. Perfilieva, Aleksei Kirillovich Perfiliev
The relevance of the study lies in clarifying the terminological status of newly formed units and describing the variety of ways to replenish terminological systems. The subject of the study is the models of terminological units of hydraulic engineering and procurement for state and municipal needs. The aim of the work is to represent the methods of derivation in the language of hydraulic engineering, as well as to identify and classify specific terminological combinations of these industries. The conducted research also made it possible to clarify the criteria for assigning terminological names to the following classes of words: term, quasi-term, pre-term. Practical significance implies the application of the results in the compilation of databases and materials for teaching professional communication in foreign languages. The perspective of the study is a contrastive analysis of these terminological systems in two or more languages in order to clarify the translation of terminological units. The structural features of the terminological units are determined using contrastive analysis. The selection and comparison of terminological units were carried out on the basis of a solid sample of normative documents from the studied industries. The statistical analysis data demonstrated the frequency of formation of two-, three-, four-, etc. terminological names in hydraulic engineering and in the field of procurement. Practical significance implies the application of the results in the compilation of databases and materials for teaching professional communication in foreign languages. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that the accuracy of expressing the concepts of the new sphere of procurement for state and municipal needs is achieved through verbose models, the components of which are combined by an obligatory valence. The peculiarities of the hydraulic terminological system are the absence of five-, six- and seven-component models, which is largely compensated by the wealth of derivational means and is due to the "age" of this industry. The novelty of the work is determined by several factors: firstly, the terminological status of the quasi-term and pre-term is clarified, and secondly, the criterion of mandatory valence is justified to determine a verbose combination of words as a stable terminological name.
{"title":"The variety of models of terminological units of the hydraulic engineering industry and the sphere of state and municipal procurement","authors":"Inna I. Galankina, N. Perfilieva, Aleksei Kirillovich Perfiliev","doi":"10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69596","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The relevance of the study lies in clarifying the terminological status of newly formed units and describing the variety of ways to replenish terminological systems. The subject of the study is the models of terminological units of hydraulic engineering and procurement for state and municipal needs. The aim of the work is to represent the methods of derivation in the language of hydraulic engineering, as well as to identify and classify specific terminological combinations of these industries. The conducted research also made it possible to clarify the criteria for assigning terminological names to the following classes of words: term, quasi-term, pre-term. Practical significance implies the application of the results in the compilation of databases and materials for teaching professional communication in foreign languages. The perspective of the study is a contrastive analysis of these terminological systems in two or more languages in order to clarify the translation of terminological units. The structural features of the terminological units are determined using contrastive analysis. The selection and comparison of terminological units were carried out on the basis of a solid sample of normative documents from the studied industries. The statistical analysis data demonstrated the frequency of formation of two-, three-, four-, etc. terminological names in hydraulic engineering and in the field of procurement. Practical significance implies the application of the results in the compilation of databases and materials for teaching professional communication in foreign languages. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that the accuracy of expressing the concepts of the new sphere of procurement for state and municipal needs is achieved through verbose models, the components of which are combined by an obligatory valence. The peculiarities of the hydraulic terminological system are the absence of five-, six- and seven-component models, which is largely compensated by the wealth of derivational means and is due to the \"age\" of this industry. The novelty of the work is determined by several factors: firstly, the terminological status of the quasi-term and pre-term is clarified, and secondly, the criterion of mandatory valence is justified to determine a verbose combination of words as a stable terminological name.\u0000","PeriodicalId":506782,"journal":{"name":"Litera","volume":"17 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139635697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of the study is to identify the hypertext features of a professional blog in the space of the Internet environment. The professional type of blog is a separate unit of the Internet environment and is characterized by a hypertext structure within the framework of Internet communication. The article analyzes the main structural and content characteristics of a professional blog from the point of view of the hypertext organization of the Internet environment. The study is based on the material of the English language. The theoretical significance is determined by the fact that the data obtained make it possible to deepen knowledge about such important aspects of modern linguistics as the linguistic nature of electronic hypertext, its structural and substantive aspects. In addition, the study of hypertext features of professional English-language blogs contributes to the development of the theory of speech genres in the context of Internet communication. The practical significance of the research is reflected in the fact that its results can be used in the process of teaching general language theory, the basics of computational linguistics, sociolinguistics, pragmalinguistics, as well as in the development of elective courses on Internet communication. Using the methods of continuous sampling and description, the study analyzed the text units of 3 professional blogs of large foreign companies conducted in English. As a result, it was revealed that the professional type of blog is a hypertext unit of the Internet environment, representing a frame model with periodically updated author's posts, hypertext links, and comments. Despite the large number of works devoted to the study of hypertext, its organization and genre affiliation, there is currently no single and generally recognized typology of hypertext in the context of the professional variety of blogs, its creation is one of the priorities of modern researchers due to the rapid development of blog technologies. The scientific novelty lies in the approach that was taken to study the structural and content features of hypertext in the context of other types of blogs. In this regard, the basic principles of this approach are analyzed, the defining features of a blog are identified, taking into account its professional variety. Special attention was paid to the structure of electronic hypertext: the functional differentiation of hypertext links and ways of organizing links between hypertexts were considered.
{"title":"A professional blog as a special structural hypertext unit in the space of Internet communications","authors":"Nataliya Vladimirovna Poddubnaya, Ol'ga Alekseevna Chudnova, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Mikhienko","doi":"10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69247","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of the study is to identify the hypertext features of a professional blog in the space of the Internet environment. The professional type of blog is a separate unit of the Internet environment and is characterized by a hypertext structure within the framework of Internet communication. The article analyzes the main structural and content characteristics of a professional blog from the point of view of the hypertext organization of the Internet environment. The study is based on the material of the English language. The theoretical significance is determined by the fact that the data obtained make it possible to deepen knowledge about such important aspects of modern linguistics as the linguistic nature of electronic hypertext, its structural and substantive aspects. In addition, the study of hypertext features of professional English-language blogs contributes to the development of the theory of speech genres in the context of Internet communication. The practical significance of the research is reflected in the fact that its results can be used in the process of teaching general language theory, the basics of computational linguistics, sociolinguistics, pragmalinguistics, as well as in the development of elective courses on Internet communication. Using the methods of continuous sampling and description, the study analyzed the text units of 3 professional blogs of large foreign companies conducted in English. As a result, it was revealed that the professional type of blog is a hypertext unit of the Internet environment, representing a frame model with periodically updated author's posts, hypertext links, and comments. Despite the large number of works devoted to the study of hypertext, its organization and genre affiliation, there is currently no single and generally recognized typology of hypertext in the context of the professional variety of blogs, its creation is one of the priorities of modern researchers due to the rapid development of blog technologies. The scientific novelty lies in the approach that was taken to study the structural and content features of hypertext in the context of other types of blogs. In this regard, the basic principles of this approach are analyzed, the defining features of a blog are identified, taking into account its professional variety. Special attention was paid to the structure of electronic hypertext: the functional differentiation of hypertext links and ways of organizing links between hypertexts were considered.\u0000","PeriodicalId":506782,"journal":{"name":"Litera","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140518878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69511
Lina Xu, Elena Sergeevna Sheremet'eva
The object of the study is a textual staple "another thing that", which was formed on the basis of the noun "thing". The subject of the study is its structural, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties. The purpose of this article is to present the results of the analysis of the specified properties of the staple and, on this basis, to show the features of its functioning in modern Russian. One of the aspects of consideration is the analysis of contextual modifications of the staple and the establishment of its main variant. Syntactically, its ability to function both in the text and in a complex sentence is analyzed. The main attention is paid to determining the type of relationship that a staple establishes between fragments of text, and identifying the dependence of the type of relationship on the semantics of the components that make up the staple. Considerable attention is paid to the pragmatic properties of the staple, its ability to convey the evaluative opinion of the speaker is considered. The material for the analysis was text fragments obtained with the help of the National Corpus of the Russian Language (NKRR). The material was collected using a continuous sampling method, as well as using the "lexico-grammatical search" option in the main newspaper and oral corpus of the NKRR. Descriptive and quantitative research methods were used in the analysis of linguistic material. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time a detailed analysis of the features of the functioning of the structure is presented in modern literary texts and media texts. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, a paperclip "another thing that" functions in the text as a "text paperclip". The main variant of the bond is a structure that includes the union "what". This text staple establishes a contradictory relationship between fragments of text, which is due to the semantics of the pronominal adjective "another" that is part of it. The pragmatic component of the staple is its ability to reflect the speaker's position in terms of evaluating situations opposed in the text and indicate a change of sign from plus to minus, and vice versa.
{"title":"The features of functioning of the expression \"another thing that\"","authors":"Lina Xu, Elena Sergeevna Sheremet'eva","doi":"10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69511","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The object of the study is a textual staple \"another thing that\", which was formed on the basis of the noun \"thing\". The subject of the study is its structural, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic properties. The purpose of this article is to present the results of the analysis of the specified properties of the staple and, on this basis, to show the features of its functioning in modern Russian. One of the aspects of consideration is the analysis of contextual modifications of the staple and the establishment of its main variant. Syntactically, its ability to function both in the text and in a complex sentence is analyzed. The main attention is paid to determining the type of relationship that a staple establishes between fragments of text, and identifying the dependence of the type of relationship on the semantics of the components that make up the staple. Considerable attention is paid to the pragmatic properties of the staple, its ability to convey the evaluative opinion of the speaker is considered. The material for the analysis was text fragments obtained with the help of the National Corpus of the Russian Language (NKRR). The material was collected using a continuous sampling method, as well as using the \"lexico-grammatical search\" option in the main newspaper and oral corpus of the NKRR. Descriptive and quantitative research methods were used in the analysis of linguistic material. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time a detailed analysis of the features of the functioning of the structure is presented in modern literary texts and media texts. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, a paperclip \"another thing that\" functions in the text as a \"text paperclip\". The main variant of the bond is a structure that includes the union \"what\". This text staple establishes a contradictory relationship between fragments of text, which is due to the semantics of the pronominal adjective \"another\" that is part of it. The pragmatic component of the staple is its ability to reflect the speaker's position in terms of evaluating situations opposed in the text and indicate a change of sign from plus to minus, and vice versa.\u0000","PeriodicalId":506782,"journal":{"name":"Litera","volume":"69 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140516312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69715
O. V. Dedova, Yuyan Mao
The subject of the study is the semantics of the lexemes gadget and device in the modern Russian language. The spheres of use of these words, semantic differences and similarities between them, and their stylistic specificity are discussed. As sources of linguistic information about the functioning of lexemes, the data of the Russian National Corpus, the results of an Internet search and a questionnaire were used. The article reveals the multiple meanings of the words gadget and device in the modern Russian language. The YandexGPT neural network was used to verify the selected word meanings. The results obtained do not coincide with the data presented in modern explanatory dictionaries. The word-formative productivity of borrowed bases is noted – non-formal derivatives of different parts of speech are consistently formed from them. A descriptive method was used in the article. Based on the innovative nature of denotative realities and the inconsistent lexicographic description of the corresponding lexemes in modern dictionaries, the article applied an onomasiological approach ("from thing to word"). The scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time a comparative semantic study of these lexemes was carried out using the above methods, their regular meanings and stylistic specificity were revealed. The analysis made it possible to draw conclusions: lexical neologisms naming innovative devices are inconsistently described by modern dictionaries, their study is an important task and requires modern research methods with the use of computer technologies; the words gadget and device are hyperonyms in relation to the lexical units of the field "Personal computing devices", they have both semantic differences and similarities and are actively adapted in modern Russian-speaking usage. The communicative relevance of these words is evidenced by the possibility of their indirect ironic use as a means of designating almost any object.
{"title":"Gadget vs device: the experience of semantic analysis","authors":"O. V. Dedova, Yuyan Mao","doi":"10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69715","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the study is the semantics of the lexemes gadget and device in the modern Russian language. The spheres of use of these words, semantic differences and similarities between them, and their stylistic specificity are discussed. As sources of linguistic information about the functioning of lexemes, the data of the Russian National Corpus, the results of an Internet search and a questionnaire were used. The article reveals the multiple meanings of the words gadget and device in the modern Russian language. The YandexGPT neural network was used to verify the selected word meanings. The results obtained do not coincide with the data presented in modern explanatory dictionaries. The word-formative productivity of borrowed bases is noted – non-formal derivatives of different parts of speech are consistently formed from them. A descriptive method was used in the article. Based on the innovative nature of denotative realities and the inconsistent lexicographic description of the corresponding lexemes in modern dictionaries, the article applied an onomasiological approach (\"from thing to word\"). The scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time a comparative semantic study of these lexemes was carried out using the above methods, their regular meanings and stylistic specificity were revealed. The analysis made it possible to draw conclusions: lexical neologisms naming innovative devices are inconsistently described by modern dictionaries, their study is an important task and requires modern research methods with the use of computer technologies; the words gadget and device are hyperonyms in relation to the lexical units of the field \"Personal computing devices\", they have both semantic differences and similarities and are actively adapted in modern Russian-speaking usage. The communicative relevance of these words is evidenced by the possibility of their indirect ironic use as a means of designating almost any object.\u0000","PeriodicalId":506782,"journal":{"name":"Litera","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140518573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69682
Guanqiong Lin
The article is devoted to the study of the multicultural phenomenon of the short stories by the popular writer of the Harbin diaspora A. P. Hejdok, who published the collection “The Stars of Manchuria” in 1934. The author of the article analyzes in detail the events in the works, the behavioral priorities and mindset of the characters, which organically reflect the cultural elements of China, Russia, Mongolia, Egypt, Manchurian ethnic groups, as well as biblical plots. The emphasis is on analyzing the mysterious world of China through Buddhism and Taoism. During the research, the following short stories in the collection were mainly studied: “Three Duds” (1932), “The Manchu Princess” (1930), “Miami” (1931), “The Temple of Dreams” (1932), “The Unknown” (1931), “The Dogs Howl” (1929) and “The Path” (1931). The article uses descriptive, hermeneutic, comparative, historical-literary and historical-cultural methods to analyze the texts. The scientific novelty of this article lies in the fact that for the first time a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, including cultural, analysis of the short stories in the collection “The Stars of Manchuria” was carried out, details not touched upon in previously published works were examined, and based on the analysis of the multicultural phenomenon, the artistic method in the short stories is determined for the first time. The research resulted in the following conclusions: 1. Hejdok in the collection integrates various cultural details in his own way, which make the works expressive, engaging, and contribute to the development of the plot. 2. The multicultural phenomenon gives the short stories of the collection myth-making characteristics against the backdrop of historical reality. By combining realistic description and this cultural phenomenon, Hejdok creates a distinctive prose similar to magic realism, the appearance of which coincides with the beginning of the writer’s creative path.
{"title":"Multiculturality as a Subject of the Image in the Collection of Short Stories “The Stars of Manchuria” by A. P. Hejdok","authors":"Guanqiong Lin","doi":"10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69682","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article is devoted to the study of the multicultural phenomenon of the short stories by the popular writer of the Harbin diaspora A. P. Hejdok, who published the collection “The Stars of Manchuria” in 1934. The author of the article analyzes in detail the events in the works, the behavioral priorities and mindset of the characters, which organically reflect the cultural elements of China, Russia, Mongolia, Egypt, Manchurian ethnic groups, as well as biblical plots. The emphasis is on analyzing the mysterious world of China through Buddhism and Taoism. During the research, the following short stories in the collection were mainly studied: “Three Duds” (1932), “The Manchu Princess” (1930), “Miami” (1931), “The Temple of Dreams” (1932), “The Unknown” (1931), “The Dogs Howl” (1929) and “The Path” (1931). The article uses descriptive, hermeneutic, comparative, historical-literary and historical-cultural methods to analyze the texts. The scientific novelty of this article lies in the fact that for the first time a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, including cultural, analysis of the short stories in the collection “The Stars of Manchuria” was carried out, details not touched upon in previously published works were examined, and based on the analysis of the multicultural phenomenon, the artistic method in the short stories is determined for the first time. The research resulted in the following conclusions: 1. Hejdok in the collection integrates various cultural details in his own way, which make the works expressive, engaging, and contribute to the development of the plot. 2. The multicultural phenomenon gives the short stories of the collection myth-making characteristics against the backdrop of historical reality. By combining realistic description and this cultural phenomenon, Hejdok creates a distinctive prose similar to magic realism, the appearance of which coincides with the beginning of the writer’s creative path.\u0000","PeriodicalId":506782,"journal":{"name":"Litera","volume":"38 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140518065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article studies the process of modeling of ethnic image in the Russian media space. The media texts of the "Argumenty i Fakty" portal were used as empirics. The aim is to create a periodization for studying the processes of media communication in the formation of national image. The article reveals linguistic and stylistic peculiarities of the content and specificity of emotional and evaluative elements of the format of AiF journalistic materials about representatives of Caucasian ethnic groups, and states the presence of destructive stereotypes in media texts. The relevance of the material is explained by the negative consequences of interethnic confrontations, including those caused by conflictogenic texts in the media of the late twentieth century. The methodology of historical-semantic and cognitive-metaphorical analysis was applied, which revealed the linguistic structures at the basis of the formation of the audience's attitude towards the Caucasian peoples. After the collapse of the USSR, journalists used the construction "us and them", indirectly formed a negative reputation of national minorities, created barriers to their integration into the Russian identity, thus increasing socio-psychological tension in society, increasing social distance, influencing the processes of discrimination and isolation of the peoples of the Caucasus. In the modern global practice of convergence, "subject-to-subject" processes of mass communications, the influential potential of broadcast content has increased manifold. State control over the editorial policy of mass media should be strengthened, and personal responsibility of professional journalists for their work should be actualized. It is also necessary to support media education initiatives to increase the media literacy of the media audience. The results of the study can be used to rethink strategies for creating and promoting ethnic content.
文章研究了俄罗斯媒体空间中民族形象的建模过程。文章以 "Argumenty i Fakty "门户网站的媒体文本为实证。其目的是为研究民族形象形成过程中的媒体传播过程创建一个周期。文章揭示了有关高加索民族代表的 AiF 新闻资料格式在内容和风格上的特殊性以及情感和评价元素的特殊性，并指出媒体文本中存在破坏性的陈规定型观念。该材料的相关性体现在民族间对抗的负面影响上，包括二十世纪末媒体中的冲突性文本所造成的负面影响。研究采用了历史-语义和认知-隐喻分析方法，揭示了受众对高加索民族态度形成的语言结构基础。苏联解体后，记者们使用了 "我们和他们 "的结构，间接形成了少数民族的负面声誉，为他们融入俄罗斯身份设置了障碍，从而加剧了社会心理紧张，拉大了社会距离，影响了高加索民族的歧视和孤立进程。在现代全球融合、"主体对主体 "的大众传播过程中，广播内容的影响潜力成倍增加。应加强国家对大众媒体编辑政策的控制，落实专业记者对其工作的个人责任。此外，还有必要支持媒体教育活动，以提高媒体受众的媒体素养。研究结果可用于重新思考创建和推广民族内容的战略。
{"title":"To the formation of ethnic image in the media: an attempt at periodization","authors":"Varvara Sergeevna Semenova, Natal'ya Mikhailovna Lazutova","doi":"10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.1.69485","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article studies the process of modeling of ethnic image in the Russian media space. The media texts of the \"Argumenty i Fakty\" portal were used as empirics. The aim is to create a periodization for studying the processes of media communication in the formation of national image. The article reveals linguistic and stylistic peculiarities of the content and specificity of emotional and evaluative elements of the format of AiF journalistic materials about representatives of Caucasian ethnic groups, and states the presence of destructive stereotypes in media texts. The relevance of the material is explained by the negative consequences of interethnic confrontations, including those caused by conflictogenic texts in the media of the late twentieth century. The methodology of historical-semantic and cognitive-metaphorical analysis was applied, which revealed the linguistic structures at the basis of the formation of the audience's attitude towards the Caucasian peoples. After the collapse of the USSR, journalists used the construction \"us and them\", indirectly formed a negative reputation of national minorities, created barriers to their integration into the Russian identity, thus increasing socio-psychological tension in society, increasing social distance, influencing the processes of discrimination and isolation of the peoples of the Caucasus. In the modern global practice of convergence, \"subject-to-subject\" processes of mass communications, the influential potential of broadcast content has increased manifold. State control over the editorial policy of mass media should be strengthened, and personal responsibility of professional journalists for their work should be actualized. It is also necessary to support media education initiatives to increase the media literacy of the media audience. The results of the study can be used to rethink strategies for creating and promoting ethnic content.\u0000","PeriodicalId":506782,"journal":{"name":"Litera","volume":"96 S3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139638677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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