Pub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.008
A Mieras, Ppm van Zuijlen, A Pijpe
{"title":"Uncovering the treasure chest of burn care and research data.","authors":"A Mieras, Ppm van Zuijlen, A Pijpe","doi":"10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50717,"journal":{"name":"Burns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-11DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.006
Robyn Westerman, Karl Walsh
{"title":"Chemical burns secondary to detergent pods in the paediatric population: A regional 10-year review.","authors":"Robyn Westerman, Karl Walsh","doi":"10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50717,"journal":{"name":"Burns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-10DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.005
Hojat Eftekhari
{"title":"Interaction between long non-coding RNA and micro RNA in hypertrophic scar formation.","authors":"Hojat Eftekhari","doi":"10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50717,"journal":{"name":"Burns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.002
Giuseppe Giudice, Rosario Ranno, Giuseppe Lombardo, Antonio Di Lonardo, Giuseppe Perniciaro, Maria Alma Posadinu, Davide Melandri, Roberto D'Alessio, Franz Baruffaldi Preis, Marcello Zamparelli, Daniela Risso, Giuseppe Minunni, Enrico Pinzauti, Stefano Merelli, Maurizio Governa, Giulio Maggio, Pasquale Tedeschi
Burn injuries pose significant challenges in healthcare, with Integra Dermal Regeneration Template (DRT) emerging as a prominent solution to enhance wound healing and recovery. Although there is no clear consensus on its technical use and application. We convened a panel of 14 burn specialists aiming to provide consensus regarding the application and usage of Integra® in managing burn wounds. Panelists employed a modified Delphi technique to assess agreement and provide feedback on 81 initial statements covering various aspects of Integra DRT application in burn wound care over three subsequent rounds. This study was endorsed by the Italian Society of Burn Surgery (SIUST). Fourteen Heads of Burn Unit Departments participated in the Delphi process. At the end of the third round and subsequent discussion on the final statement list, the panel achieved consensus on 24 statements shaping recommendations for Integra® application across various aspects, including wound bed preparation, ADM application, definitive coverage, and complication management. The resultant 24 finalized statements from this Italian consensus offer a comprehensive and practical framework for employing Integra® Dermal Regeneration Template in burn patient care. Reflective of specific Italian expertise and practice, these recommendations supplement and refine existing literature, serving as a dynamic guide subject to periodic updates aligned with evolving evidence and experiences in the field of burn surgery.
{"title":"Use of integra dermal regeneration template in burn patients: An Italian expert consensus Delphi study","authors":"Giuseppe Giudice, Rosario Ranno, Giuseppe Lombardo, Antonio Di Lonardo, Giuseppe Perniciaro, Maria Alma Posadinu, Davide Melandri, Roberto D'Alessio, Franz Baruffaldi Preis, Marcello Zamparelli, Daniela Risso, Giuseppe Minunni, Enrico Pinzauti, Stefano Merelli, Maurizio Governa, Giulio Maggio, Pasquale Tedeschi","doi":"10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"Burn injuries pose significant challenges in healthcare, with Integra Dermal Regeneration Template (DRT) emerging as a prominent solution to enhance wound healing and recovery. Although there is no clear consensus on its technical use and application. We convened a panel of 14 burn specialists aiming to provide consensus regarding the application and usage of Integra® in managing burn wounds. Panelists employed a modified Delphi technique to assess agreement and provide feedback on 81 initial statements covering various aspects of Integra DRT application in burn wound care over three subsequent rounds. This study was endorsed by the Italian Society of Burn Surgery (SIUST). Fourteen Heads of Burn Unit Departments participated in the Delphi process. At the end of the third round and subsequent discussion on the final statement list, the panel achieved consensus on 24 statements shaping recommendations for Integra® application across various aspects, including wound bed preparation, ADM application, definitive coverage, and complication management. The resultant 24 finalized statements from this Italian consensus offer a comprehensive and practical framework for employing Integra® Dermal Regeneration Template in burn patient care. Reflective of specific Italian expertise and practice, these recommendations supplement and refine existing literature, serving as a dynamic guide subject to periodic updates aligned with evolving evidence and experiences in the field of burn surgery.","PeriodicalId":50717,"journal":{"name":"Burns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141946052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of albumin administration on mortality in patients with severe burns. We retrospectively analyzed data from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination Database, a nationwide inpatient database in Japan. We identified patients in the database aged ≥ 15 years who were admitted with severe burns (burn index ≥15) from April 2014 to March 2021. We included patients who received albumin within 2 days of admission in the albumin group and those who did not in the control group. The outcome was the 28-day mortality. Eligible patients (n = 2492) were categorized into an albumin group (n = 1128) or a control group (n = 1364). One-to-one propensity score matching generated 530 pairs of patients with and without albumin administration. The 28-day mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups (albumin vs. control, 21.7 % vs. 22.8 %; risk difference, −1.1 %; 95 % confidence interval, −6.1 % to +3.9 %). These results suggest that albumin administration within 2 days of admission in patients with severe burns may not be associated with mortality during the acute phase.
{"title":"Effect of fluid resuscitation with albumin on mortality in patients with severe burns: A nationwide inpatient data analysis","authors":"Kazuha Nakamura, Toshiaki Isogai, Hiroyuki Ohbe, Mikio Nakajima, Hiroki Matsui, Kiyohide Fushimi, Hideo Yasunaga","doi":"10.1016/j.burns.2024.07.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2024.07.031","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of albumin administration on mortality in patients with severe burns. We retrospectively analyzed data from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination Database, a nationwide inpatient database in Japan. We identified patients in the database aged ≥ 15 years who were admitted with severe burns (burn index ≥15) from April 2014 to March 2021. We included patients who received albumin within 2 days of admission in the albumin group and those who did not in the control group. The outcome was the 28-day mortality. Eligible patients (n = 2492) were categorized into an albumin group (n = 1128) or a control group (n = 1364). One-to-one propensity score matching generated 530 pairs of patients with and without albumin administration. The 28-day mortality did not differ significantly between the two groups (albumin vs. control, 21.7 % vs. 22.8 %; risk difference, −1.1 %; 95 % confidence interval, −6.1 % to +3.9 %). These results suggest that albumin administration within 2 days of admission in patients with severe burns may not be associated with mortality during the acute phase.","PeriodicalId":50717,"journal":{"name":"Burns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141946055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinically, the condition of skeletal muscle injury is the key to the process of high voltage electrical burn (HVEB) wound repair. The aim of this study was to identify the potential mechanisms and intervention targets of skeletal muscle injury after HVEB. A skeletal muscle injury model in SD rats with HVEB was made. Pathological examination and transcriptome sequencing of injured skeletal muscles were performed, and the expression levels of key proteins and genes in related signaling pathways were verified. Skeletal muscle injury was progressively aggravated within 48 h, then the injury was gradually repaired with scar formation occurring within 1 week. The mechanism of skeletal muscle injury is complex and varied, and ferroptosis is one of the mechanisms. The ferrous iron content in the injured skeletal muscle tissue of model rats increased significantly at 24 h after injury. After 24 h, damage to injured skeletal muscle tissue could be alleviated by increasing iron storage and blocking lysosomal phagocytosis of autophagy. Skeletal muscle injury caused by HVEB is characterized by progressive progression after injury. Ferroptosis is involved in the mechanism of HVEB, and iron metabolism-related proteins may be potential targets for preventing progressive skeletal muscle injury.
{"title":"Exploring the underlying mechanism by transcriptome sequencing in rats with high-voltage electrical burns and the role of iron metabolism","authors":"Jiawen Hao, Mengyuan Lu, Xuegang Zhao, Congying Li, Chenyang Ge, Jing Zhang, Lihong Tu, Qingfu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.burns.2024.07.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2024.07.030","url":null,"abstract":"Clinically, the condition of skeletal muscle injury is the key to the process of high voltage electrical burn (HVEB) wound repair. The aim of this study was to identify the potential mechanisms and intervention targets of skeletal muscle injury after HVEB. A skeletal muscle injury model in SD rats with HVEB was made. Pathological examination and transcriptome sequencing of injured skeletal muscles were performed, and the expression levels of key proteins and genes in related signaling pathways were verified. Skeletal muscle injury was progressively aggravated within 48 h, then the injury was gradually repaired with scar formation occurring within 1 week. The mechanism of skeletal muscle injury is complex and varied, and ferroptosis is one of the mechanisms. The ferrous iron content in the injured skeletal muscle tissue of model rats increased significantly at 24 h after injury. After 24 h, damage to injured skeletal muscle tissue could be alleviated by increasing iron storage and blocking lysosomal phagocytosis of autophagy. Skeletal muscle injury caused by HVEB is characterized by progressive progression after injury. Ferroptosis is involved in the mechanism of HVEB, and iron metabolism-related proteins may be potential targets for preventing progressive skeletal muscle injury.","PeriodicalId":50717,"journal":{"name":"Burns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141946056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-04DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.001
Ning Liu, Baoxia Xue, Wei Cheng, Yong Liu, Mei Niu, Yongzhen Yang, Shiping Yu, Li Zhang
Dressings play a crucial role in the management of burn wound. In this study, the cotton bandage was modified with the Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) / graphite oxide/nano silver (PNIPAM/GO-Ag) hydrogel to obtain a novel dressing (PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT). The healing effect of the PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT dressing on deep second-degree burn wounds in rats and the changes of related inflammatory factors were explored and analyzed systematically. The deep second-degree burn model was established by the steam scald method in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. The granulation tissue, collagen deposition, the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) of the wound were evaluated by means of the HE staining, Masson staining, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry methods. The results showed that, compared with the blank group (rats without the dressing treatment), the PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT dressing reduced the expression of TNF-α by approximately 18 % and promoted the bFGF expression in wound tissue. Compared to the control group (rats with the gauze treatment), the wound healing rate in the PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT dressing group was 58 % on the 14th day, with an increase of 30 %. These results demonstrated that the PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT dressing primarily promoted burn wound healing by reducing inflammatory reactions, promoting collagen deposition, and enhancing the expression of bFGF.
{"title":"Healing mechanism of cotton bandage loaded with PNIPAM/GO-Ag hydrogel on the deep second-degree burn wound in rats model","authors":"Ning Liu, Baoxia Xue, Wei Cheng, Yong Liu, Mei Niu, Yongzhen Yang, Shiping Yu, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"Dressings play a crucial role in the management of burn wound. In this study, the cotton bandage was modified with the Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) / graphite oxide/nano silver (PNIPAM/GO-Ag) hydrogel to obtain a novel dressing (PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT). The healing effect of the PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT dressing on deep second-degree burn wounds in rats and the changes of related inflammatory factors were explored and analyzed systematically. The deep second-degree burn model was established by the steam scald method in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. The granulation tissue, collagen deposition, the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) of the wound were evaluated by means of the HE staining, Masson staining, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry methods. The results showed that, compared with the blank group (rats without the dressing treatment), the PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT dressing reduced the expression of TNF-α by approximately 18 % and promoted the bFGF expression in wound tissue. Compared to the control group (rats with the gauze treatment), the wound healing rate in the PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT dressing group was 58 % on the 14th day, with an increase of 30 %. These results demonstrated that the PNIPAM/GO-Ag/COT dressing primarily promoted burn wound healing by reducing inflammatory reactions, promoting collagen deposition, and enhancing the expression of bFGF.","PeriodicalId":50717,"journal":{"name":"Burns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141946053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.07.037
Kubilay Gürünlüoğlu, Basri Satilmiş, Mehmet Gül, Muhammed Dündar, Nurcan Göktürk, Sami Akbulut, Ahmet Koç, Semra Gürünlüoğlu, Mehmet Aslan, Ezgi Karaaslan, Mehmet Akif Türköz, Çağla Güner Toplu, Hasan Ateş, Muhammed Mehdi Üremiş, İrem Nur Menevşe, Elif Kayhan Kuştepe, Seren Sari Ünal, Ebubekir Altundaş, Turan Yildiz, Tevfik Tolga Şahin, Sezai Yilmaz, Mehmet Demircan
Aim: This study aims to develop an experimental treatment model effective against oxidative stress in the acute period of severe burns and to analyze the mechanisms of healing large wound defects.
Methods: Five rats, including 2 females and 3 males, were used as donors to obtain adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) from the inguinal fat pad. The stem cells were labeled with green fluorescent protein. The study included four groups of 17 rats, each with grade 3 scalding burns on 30 % of their body surface, and a control group of 10 rats with an equal number of males and females. After early excision, 106 ADSC-derived stem cells were administered subdermally to the burned wound and autografted to the stem cell group (n = 17). The early excision group (n = 17) received early excision and autograft, with 2 ml of normal saline injected subdermally into the burn wound edge. The PLM group (n = 17) was treated with a polylactic membrane (PLM) dressing after the burn. No treatment was given to the burn group (n = 17). Ten rats from all groups were sacrificed on the 4th day post-burn for oxidative stress evaluation. The control group (n = 10) was sacrificed on day 4. Blood and tissue samples were collected post-sacrifice. Oxidative stress and inflammation in the blood, as well as cell damage in the skin, liver, kidneys, and lungs, were investigated histopathologically and biochemically on the 4th day post-burn. On the 70th day after burn, wound healing was examined macroscopically and histopathologically.
Results: On the 4th day, oxidative stress results showed that the levels of Total Oxidative Capacity (TOC) in the blood were lowest in the stem cell (7.4 [6-8.8]), control (6.7 [5.9-7.6]), and early excision (7.5 [6.6-8.5]) groups, with no significant difference between them. The burn group (14.7 [12.5-16.9]) had the highest TOC levels. The PLM group (9.7 [8.6-10.7]) had lower TOC levels than the burn group but higher levels than the other groups. Histopathological examination on the 4th day revealed low liver caspase-3 immunoreactivity in the stem cell and early excision groups among the burn groups. Caspase-3 immunoreactivity levels were as follows: stem cell group (20 [10-30]), early excision group (25 [15-50]), PLM group (70 [50-100]), control group (0), and burn group (80 [60-120]). Other oxidative stress and end-organ damage outcomes were consistent with these results. All rats in the stem cell group had burn wounds that healed completely by the 70th day. Examination of the skin and its appendages from the stem cell group with an immunofluorescence microscope demonstrated green coloration, indicating incorporation of stem cells.
Conclusion: Stem cells may have the potential to form new skin and its appendages, providing better healing for large skin defects. Early excision treatment, by removing local necrotic tissues after extensive and deep burns, can
{"title":"The impact of subdermal adipose derived stem cell injections and early excision on systemic oxidative stress and wound healing in rats with severe scald burns.","authors":"Kubilay Gürünlüoğlu, Basri Satilmiş, Mehmet Gül, Muhammed Dündar, Nurcan Göktürk, Sami Akbulut, Ahmet Koç, Semra Gürünlüoğlu, Mehmet Aslan, Ezgi Karaaslan, Mehmet Akif Türköz, Çağla Güner Toplu, Hasan Ateş, Muhammed Mehdi Üremiş, İrem Nur Menevşe, Elif Kayhan Kuştepe, Seren Sari Ünal, Ebubekir Altundaş, Turan Yildiz, Tevfik Tolga Şahin, Sezai Yilmaz, Mehmet Demircan","doi":"10.1016/j.burns.2024.07.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2024.07.037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to develop an experimental treatment model effective against oxidative stress in the acute period of severe burns and to analyze the mechanisms of healing large wound defects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five rats, including 2 females and 3 males, were used as donors to obtain adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) from the inguinal fat pad. The stem cells were labeled with green fluorescent protein. The study included four groups of 17 rats, each with grade 3 scalding burns on 30 % of their body surface, and a control group of 10 rats with an equal number of males and females. After early excision, 10<sup>6</sup> ADSC-derived stem cells were administered subdermally to the burned wound and autografted to the stem cell group (n = 17). The early excision group (n = 17) received early excision and autograft, with 2 ml of normal saline injected subdermally into the burn wound edge. The PLM group (n = 17) was treated with a polylactic membrane (PLM) dressing after the burn. No treatment was given to the burn group (n = 17). Ten rats from all groups were sacrificed on the 4th day post-burn for oxidative stress evaluation. The control group (n = 10) was sacrificed on day 4. Blood and tissue samples were collected post-sacrifice. Oxidative stress and inflammation in the blood, as well as cell damage in the skin, liver, kidneys, and lungs, were investigated histopathologically and biochemically on the 4th day post-burn. On the 70th day after burn, wound healing was examined macroscopically and histopathologically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On the 4th day, oxidative stress results showed that the levels of Total Oxidative Capacity (TOC) in the blood were lowest in the stem cell (7.4 [6-8.8]), control (6.7 [5.9-7.6]), and early excision (7.5 [6.6-8.5]) groups, with no significant difference between them. The burn group (14.7 [12.5-16.9]) had the highest TOC levels. The PLM group (9.7 [8.6-10.7]) had lower TOC levels than the burn group but higher levels than the other groups. Histopathological examination on the 4th day revealed low liver caspase-3 immunoreactivity in the stem cell and early excision groups among the burn groups. Caspase-3 immunoreactivity levels were as follows: stem cell group (20 [10-30]), early excision group (25 [15-50]), PLM group (70 [50-100]), control group (0), and burn group (80 [60-120]). Other oxidative stress and end-organ damage outcomes were consistent with these results. All rats in the stem cell group had burn wounds that healed completely by the 70th day. Examination of the skin and its appendages from the stem cell group with an immunofluorescence microscope demonstrated green coloration, indicating incorporation of stem cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Stem cells may have the potential to form new skin and its appendages, providing better healing for large skin defects. Early excision treatment, by removing local necrotic tissues after extensive and deep burns, can ","PeriodicalId":50717,"journal":{"name":"Burns","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141914467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：