Pub Date : 1998-03-01DOI: 10.1080/08927936.1998.11425086
N. DiGiacomo, A. Arluke, G. Patronek
ABSTRACTThe intention of this research was not to justify the relinquishment of pets to shelters, but to provide a detailed and impartial view of the relinquisher's perspective. This perspective, as revealed in 38 interviews, was contrary to the view of relinquishment that commonly prevails in shelter cultures; namely, that their decisions are trivial or casual. These interviews exposed a processes that began long before releases were signed and animals were turned over to shelter staff. All of the individuals and families interviewed struggled with the decision to give up their pets. This struggle often manifested as procrastination, as attachment issues and negative perceptions of shelters were balanced against the circumstances threatening the pet's position in the family. Attempts at resolution made by poorly informed pet owners were frequently inefficient and consequently unsuccessful. Owners commonly tolerated circumstances until the reasons for relinquishment overcame attachment and negative percep...
{"title":"Surrendering Pets To Shelters: The Relinquisher's Perspective","authors":"N. DiGiacomo, A. Arluke, G. Patronek","doi":"10.1080/08927936.1998.11425086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08927936.1998.11425086","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe intention of this research was not to justify the relinquishment of pets to shelters, but to provide a detailed and impartial view of the relinquisher's perspective. This perspective, as revealed in 38 interviews, was contrary to the view of relinquishment that commonly prevails in shelter cultures; namely, that their decisions are trivial or casual. These interviews exposed a processes that began long before releases were signed and animals were turned over to shelter staff. All of the individuals and families interviewed struggled with the decision to give up their pets. This struggle often manifested as procrastination, as attachment issues and negative perceptions of shelters were balanced against the circumstances threatening the pet's position in the family. Attempts at resolution made by poorly informed pet owners were frequently inefficient and consequently unsuccessful. Owners commonly tolerated circumstances until the reasons for relinquishment overcame attachment and negative percep...","PeriodicalId":50748,"journal":{"name":"Anthrozoos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08927936.1998.11425086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59594086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-03-01DOI: 10.1080/08927936.1998.11425084
D. Nathanson
ABSTRACTLong-term effectiveness of dolphin assisted therapy, as practiced by Dolphin Human Therapy, was analyzed via a 15 item closed form, ratio scale parent questionnaire (n=71). Children with severe disabilities of many etiologies, from eight countries, received either one or two weeks of therapy in the multidisciplinary, behavior modification program. Results on three clinical issues were analyzed. First, children maintained or improved skills acquired in therapy about 50% of the time even after 12 months away from therapy. Second, no difference in long-term effects occurred as a function of differences in three categories (genetic, brain damage, unknown causes) of etiology (ANOVA, F(2,39)=2.79, p>0.05). Third, two weeks of therapy produced significantly better long-term results than did one week of therapy (t=3.105, df=28, p<0.01).
摘要采用15项封闭式比例量表家长问卷(n=71)，对海豚辅助治疗的长期疗效进行分析。来自八个国家的多种病因的严重残疾儿童在多学科行为矫正项目中接受了一到两周的治疗。结果对三个临床问题进行了分析。首先，即使在离开治疗12个月后，儿童仍能保持或提高在治疗中获得的技能，比例约为50%。其次，由于三种病因(遗传、脑损伤、未知原因)的差异，长期影响没有差异(方差分析，F(2,39)=2.79, p < 0.05)。第三，两周治疗的远期效果明显优于一周治疗(t=3.105, df=28, p<0.01)。
{"title":"Long-Term Effectiveness of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy for Children with Severe Disabilities","authors":"D. Nathanson","doi":"10.1080/08927936.1998.11425084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08927936.1998.11425084","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTLong-term effectiveness of dolphin assisted therapy, as practiced by Dolphin Human Therapy, was analyzed via a 15 item closed form, ratio scale parent questionnaire (n=71). Children with severe disabilities of many etiologies, from eight countries, received either one or two weeks of therapy in the multidisciplinary, behavior modification program. Results on three clinical issues were analyzed. First, children maintained or improved skills acquired in therapy about 50% of the time even after 12 months away from therapy. Second, no difference in long-term effects occurred as a function of differences in three categories (genetic, brain damage, unknown causes) of etiology (ANOVA, F(2,39)=2.79, p>0.05). Third, two weeks of therapy produced significantly better long-term results than did one week of therapy (t=3.105, df=28, p<0.01).","PeriodicalId":50748,"journal":{"name":"Anthrozoos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08927936.1998.11425084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59594048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-03-01DOI: 10.1080/08927936.1998.11425083
Joanne D. Altman
ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effect animal activity had on information visitors attended to at three bear exhibits. Attention was used as an indirect measure of what information visitors are consciously processing, or learning. It was hypothesized that visitors would be more likely to attend to specific information about animal behavior when bears were active rather than when inactive or out of sight. Visitor conversations were recorded during observations of polar, sloth and spectacled bears. Conversation was coded according to its content (animal-directed, human-focused, behavior, other) and to the corresponding behavior of the bear (active, inactive, pacing, not visible). The energy level of the activity was also considered. The hypothesis was supported for the polar bears, but less so for the other two bears. Behavior conversation was highest and human-directed conversation was lowest in the presence of highly animated polar bears. Behavior content was limited in the presence of the less animat...
{"title":"Animal Activity and Visitor Learning at the Zoo","authors":"Joanne D. Altman","doi":"10.1080/08927936.1998.11425083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08927936.1998.11425083","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effect animal activity had on information visitors attended to at three bear exhibits. Attention was used as an indirect measure of what information visitors are consciously processing, or learning. It was hypothesized that visitors would be more likely to attend to specific information about animal behavior when bears were active rather than when inactive or out of sight. Visitor conversations were recorded during observations of polar, sloth and spectacled bears. Conversation was coded according to its content (animal-directed, human-focused, behavior, other) and to the corresponding behavior of the bear (active, inactive, pacing, not visible). The energy level of the activity was also considered. The hypothesis was supported for the polar bears, but less so for the other two bears. Behavior conversation was highest and human-directed conversation was lowest in the presence of highly animated polar bears. Behavior content was limited in the presence of the less animat...","PeriodicalId":50748,"journal":{"name":"Anthrozoos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08927936.1998.11425083","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59594034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-03-01DOI: 10.2752/089279398787000823
Marion W. Copeland
{"title":"Why Anthrozoos Should Welcome the Humanities","authors":"Marion W. Copeland","doi":"10.2752/089279398787000823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2752/089279398787000823","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50748,"journal":{"name":"Anthrozoos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2752/089279398787000823","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69262947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.2752/089279398787000643
Patricia Crowley-Robinson, J. Blackshaw
Examined the relationship between pet ownership and health status among older adults in Australia. A total of 50 adults aged 68-94 (mean age 78.6) attending a general medical practice in Brisbane, Australia, completed a questionnaire on pet-keeping practices, health and community resources, and hobbies and interests. The medical practitioner indicated the primary medical problem(s) of the respondents. It was found that 26 of the participants currently kept pets and that all but three had kept pets at some point in their lives. Dogs were the preferred pets, with 19 respondents currently owning dogs. Eight respondents owned cats, three owned caged birds, two kept poultry, two owned horses, and one owned a goat. Some of the respondents kept more than one pet and more than one type of pet. There were no significant differences between pet owners and nonowners in level of happiness, life satisfaction, depression, hobbies or interests, medication use, and medical problems. (MM) (AgeLine Database, copyright 1999 EBSCO Publishing, Inc., all rights reserved)
{"title":"Pet ownership and health status of elderly in the community","authors":"Patricia Crowley-Robinson, J. Blackshaw","doi":"10.2752/089279398787000643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2752/089279398787000643","url":null,"abstract":"Examined the relationship between pet ownership and health status among older adults in Australia. A total of 50 adults aged 68-94 (mean age 78.6) attending a general medical practice in Brisbane, Australia, completed a questionnaire on pet-keeping practices, health and community resources, and hobbies and interests. The medical practitioner indicated the primary medical problem(s) of the respondents. It was found that 26 of the participants currently kept pets and that all but three had kept pets at some point in their lives. Dogs were the preferred pets, with 19 respondents currently owning dogs. Eight respondents owned cats, three owned caged birds, two kept poultry, two owned horses, and one owned a goat. Some of the respondents kept more than one pet and more than one type of pet. There were no significant differences between pet owners and nonowners in level of happiness, life satisfaction, depression, hobbies or interests, medication use, and medical problems. (MM) (AgeLine Database, copyright 1999 EBSCO Publishing, Inc., all rights reserved)","PeriodicalId":50748,"journal":{"name":"Anthrozoos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2752/089279398787000643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69262242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.2752/089279397787000969
Dena M. Jones
ABSTRACTAnimal protection advocates are making use of paid and public service advertising to promote the interests of animals. One advertising approach, the graphic portrayal of animal suffering, has generated controversy within and beyond the animal protection movement. Research suggests that the approach can be effective in stimulating those viewing the advertisement to take action on behalf of animals. Other advertising strategies that may be capable of provoking more humane treatment of animals include tacit depictions of animal suffering and reversing human-animal traits and situations through therianthropic and unconventional anthropomorphic imagery. Advertisements from current and former animal protection campaigns were reviewed for examples of these animal representational strategies. This is the final in a series of papers on the role of mass media in animal protection. Previous articles detailed a history of media coverage of animal protection issues, the role of the media in the animal rights m...
{"title":"Advertising Animal Protection","authors":"Dena M. Jones","doi":"10.2752/089279397787000969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2752/089279397787000969","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTAnimal protection advocates are making use of paid and public service advertising to promote the interests of animals. One advertising approach, the graphic portrayal of animal suffering, has generated controversy within and beyond the animal protection movement. Research suggests that the approach can be effective in stimulating those viewing the advertisement to take action on behalf of animals. Other advertising strategies that may be capable of provoking more humane treatment of animals include tacit depictions of animal suffering and reversing human-animal traits and situations through therianthropic and unconventional anthropomorphic imagery. Advertisements from current and former animal protection campaigns were reviewed for examples of these animal representational strategies. This is the final in a series of papers on the role of mass media in animal protection. Previous articles detailed a history of media coverage of animal protection issues, the role of the media in the animal rights m...","PeriodicalId":50748,"journal":{"name":"Anthrozoos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2752/089279397787000969","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69261703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.2752/089279397787001012
Ilanka Straatman, E. Hanson, Nienke Endenburg, Jan A. Mol
ABSTRACTThe psychological and cardiovascular influence of a friendly, unfamiliar dog on a group of 17 male students was compared to a group of men (19) who did not have access to the dog, during a stressor. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured during 4 test conditions (rest, preparation, speech task, recovery). State-anxiety was measured before and after the preparation and speech task. Subjects from the experimental group(E) but not from the control group(C) interacted with a dog during the preparation and speech tasks. The preparation and speech tasks caused statistically significant increases in cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure, heart rate) (F(12,22) = 17.60; p = 0.000), and state-anxiety (E-group: ¯xsta1 = 29.8; ¯xsta 2 = 47.9; t = -6.12; df = 16; p = 0.000, C-group: ¯xsta1 = 31.4; ¯xsta2 = 47,0; t = -5.68; df = 18; p = 0.000). No significant differences were found between the control and the experimental group with regard to state-anxiety anxiety (¯xc =15.6; ¯xe =-18.2; t = 0.63; df =...
{"title":"The Influence of a Dog on Male Students During a Stressor","authors":"Ilanka Straatman, E. Hanson, Nienke Endenburg, Jan A. Mol","doi":"10.2752/089279397787001012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2752/089279397787001012","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe psychological and cardiovascular influence of a friendly, unfamiliar dog on a group of 17 male students was compared to a group of men (19) who did not have access to the dog, during a stressor. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured during 4 test conditions (rest, preparation, speech task, recovery). State-anxiety was measured before and after the preparation and speech task. Subjects from the experimental group(E) but not from the control group(C) interacted with a dog during the preparation and speech tasks. The preparation and speech tasks caused statistically significant increases in cardiovascular parameters (blood pressure, heart rate) (F(12,22) = 17.60; p = 0.000), and state-anxiety (E-group: ¯xsta1 = 29.8; ¯xsta 2 = 47.9; t = -6.12; df = 16; p = 0.000, C-group: ¯xsta1 = 31.4; ¯xsta2 = 47,0; t = -5.68; df = 18; p = 0.000). No significant differences were found between the control and the experimental group with regard to state-anxiety anxiety (¯xc =15.6; ¯xe =-18.2; t = 0.63; df =...","PeriodicalId":50748,"journal":{"name":"Anthrozoos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2752/089279397787001012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69261772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.2752/089279397787001067
J. Ben-Michael, J. Vossen, A. Felling, V. Peters
Various studies show that up to 40% of dogs are labelled as having behavioral problems causing at least some inconvenience. The present paper deals with the owner's perception of inappropriate dog behavior and the characteristics of the situations in which this behavior occurs. To achieve a systematic description of problem situations with dogs, the following questions were addressed: 1. What daily situations do the dog owners consider being problematic? 2. What meaning do owners give to these problematic situations? Thirty-five dog owners were asked to describe situations in which their dog engaged, and to indicate of these they perceived as problematic and annoying. This resulted in 114 unique situations which were classified into the following main categories: aggressive behavior, disobedient behavior, and reactive behavior. The meanings that owners gave to the problem situations were studied. One hundred and two owners were asked to sort 39 situations according to similarity (Q-sorting). The data were analysed using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis. The multidimensional analysis resulted in three dimensions. These indicated that the situations which are perceived as problematic are related to six categories: disobedient behavior, aversive behavior, aggressive behavior, fearful behavior, uncontrolled (excited) behavior, and mating behavior. The hierarchical cluster analysis resulted in eight clusters: A - The fearful dog, B - The aggressive/dominant dog, C - The “mating“ dog, D - The emotional dog, E - The bored/lonely dog, F - Eating habits of the dog, G - The unruly dog, and H - The disobedient dog.
{"title":"The Perception of Problematic Behavior in Dogs: Application of Multi-Dimensional Scaling and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis","authors":"J. Ben-Michael, J. Vossen, A. Felling, V. Peters","doi":"10.2752/089279397787001067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2752/089279397787001067","url":null,"abstract":"Various studies show that up to 40% of dogs are labelled as having behavioral problems causing at least some inconvenience. The present paper deals with the owner's perception of inappropriate dog behavior and the characteristics of the situations in which this behavior occurs. To achieve a systematic description of problem situations with dogs, the following questions were addressed: 1. What daily situations do the dog owners consider being problematic? 2. What meaning do owners give to these problematic situations? \u0000 \u0000Thirty-five dog owners were asked to describe situations in which their dog engaged, and to indicate of these they perceived as problematic and annoying. This resulted in 114 unique situations which were classified into the following main categories: aggressive behavior, disobedient behavior, and reactive behavior. The meanings that owners gave to the problem situations were studied. One hundred and two owners were asked to sort 39 situations according to similarity (Q-sorting). The data were analysed using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis. The multidimensional analysis resulted in three dimensions. These indicated that the situations which are perceived as problematic are related to six categories: disobedient behavior, aversive behavior, aggressive behavior, fearful behavior, uncontrolled (excited) behavior, and mating behavior. The hierarchical cluster analysis resulted in eight clusters: A - The fearful dog, B - The aggressive/dominant dog, C - The “mating“ dog, D - The emotional dog, E - The bored/lonely dog, F - Eating habits of the dog, G - The unruly dog, and H - The disobedient dog.","PeriodicalId":50748,"journal":{"name":"Anthrozoos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2752/089279397787001067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69261837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-12-02DOI: 10.2752/089279397787000923
A. Arluke
{"title":"Interviewer Guides used in Cruelty Research","authors":"A. Arluke","doi":"10.2752/089279397787000923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2752/089279397787000923","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50748,"journal":{"name":"Anthrozoos","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1997-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2752/089279397787000923","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69262107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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