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Strategic Planning of the Organization and Functioning of the Institute of Public Control in Russia as a Tool to Increase Its Effectiveness 俄罗斯公共控制研究所的组织和职能战略规划是提高其效率的工具
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.15
Vitaly V. Goncharov, M. Glyzina, Elena G. Petrenko, Artem S. Pchelintsev
The article undertakes an analysis of modern problems and prospects for establishing and implementing a strategic planning system for the organization and functioning of the institute of public control in Russia, em-phasizing its critical role in enhancing efficiency. The place of the institute of public control in the system of le-gal guarantees for implementing, protecting, and defending constitutional principles, as well as the entire sys-tem of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities is described. It highlights the necessity to enhance the effectiveness of the aforementioned institution of civil society amid declining reve-nues in most regional and municipal budgets and uncompromising efforts against corruption within public ad-ministration. Among the obstacles hindering the creation and implementation of the proposed system, the arti-cle identifies several issues: the lack of constitutional recognition of this institution of civil society, the absence of the concept of a public control system in legislation, the lack of a unified approach in legal doctrine towards planning the organization and functioning of public control on a national scale, and the weak use of positive Soviet and foreign experience as well as modern digital technologies, including artificial intelligence.
文章分析了建立和实施俄罗斯公共监管机构组织和运行战略规划体系的现代问题和前景,强调了其在提高效率方面的关键作用。报告阐述了公共监管机构在落实、保护和捍卫宪法原则的法律保障体系中的地位,以及在个人和法人实体的权利、自由和合法利益的整个系统中的地位。报告强调,在大多数地区和市政预算收入减少、公共行政部门反腐力度不减的情况下,有必要提高上述民间社会机构的效率。在阻碍建立和实施拟议系统的障碍中,本文指出了几个问题:宪法未承认这一民间社会机构,立法中缺乏公共控制系统的概念,法律理论中缺乏统一的方法来规划全国范围内公共控制的组织和运作,以及对积极的苏联和外国经验以及包括人工智能在内的现代数字技术的利用不足。
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引用次数: 0
Social Media in the Electoral Process: Findings from the COVID-19 Pandemic 选举过程中的社交媒体:COVID-19 大流行的调查结果
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.5
Madina T. Gandaloeva
The article identifies the specificities of using social media in the electoral process under COVID-19-related restrictions. With the ban on public gatherings, politicians had to reconsider traditional measures and methods of communicating with citizens during elections. This prompted the refinement of methods using relevant inter-net technologies across various platforms. Based on an analysis of practices in remote voting during elections to the Moscow City Duma from 2019 to 2021 and electoral campaigns in Russia during the pandemic period, the author concludes that under stringent epidemiological constraints, it became evident that internet voting is a crucial independent direction in electoral campaigns. The tools used for organizing online citizen voting proce-dures are identified, as well as technologies for remote voting on digital platforms are described.
文章指出了在 COVID-19 相关限制下选举过程中使用社交媒体的特殊性。由于禁止公众集会,政治家们不得不重新考虑在选举期间与公民沟通的传统措施和方法。这促使在各种平台上利用相关网络间技术改进方法。根据对 2019 年至 2021 年莫斯科市杜马选举期间远程投票实践以及大流行病期间俄罗斯选举活动的分析,作者得出结论:在严格的流行病限制条件下,网络投票显然是选举活动中一个重要的独立方向。作者确定了用于组织公民网络投票程序的工具,并介绍了在数字平台上进行远程投票的技术。
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引用次数: 0
Political Risks of Russia’s National Security in the Confrontation with the West: Theoretical Analysis 与西方对抗中俄罗斯国家安全的政治风险:理论分析
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.4
K. M. Panesh
The study examines the political security risks of Russia in the confrontation with the West and the conduct of a special military operation in Ukraine. The author notes that the current risks in ensuring Russia’s security were predetermined by the political decisions taken by the country’s leadership after the collapse of the Soviet Un-ion. The analysis of the military-political situation in the country, which plays a priority role in ensuring the mili-tary security of the Russian Federation, is carried out. The causes of conflicts in the post-Soviet space, the role and place of state policy in ensuring military security are revealed. Based on the results of the analysis, prob-lems of organizational and legal regulation have been identified that require the elimination of negative factors. The ways of solving the problem of ensuring Russia’s military security at the present stage of development, taking into account new threats to military security, are determined. The author states that minimizing risks makes it possible to ensure strategic stability and national security of society, which is necessary to confront the collective West, as well as contributing to the construction, functioning and development of a military security system. Proposals are being made to improve the system of ensuring Russia’s military security and the need for a set of measures, including legal ones, as well as the use of existing potential.
该研究探讨了俄罗斯在与西方对抗和在乌克兰开展特别军事行动中面临的政治安全风险。作者指出,当前在确保俄罗斯安全方面存在的风险是由苏联解体后国家领导层做出的政治决定预先决定的。作者对该国的军事政治局势进行了分析,认为它在确保俄罗斯联邦军事安全方面发挥着优先作用。分析揭示了后苏联地区冲突的原因、国家政策在确保军事安全方面的作用和地位。根据分析结果,确定了需要消除消极因素的组织和法律监管问题。考虑到军事安全面临的新威胁,确定了现阶段保障俄罗斯军事安全问题的解决方法。作者指出,将风险降到最低可以确保社会的战略稳定和国家安全,这是对抗西方集体的必要条件,同时也有助于军事安全体系的建设、运作和发展。作者提出了完善俄罗斯军事安全保障体系的建议,以及采取包括法律措施在内的一系列措施和利用现有潜力的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
German Energy Neocolonialism in the Sub-Saharan States 德国在撒哈拉以南国家的能源新殖民主义
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.1
Ilya B. Balashov, Stanislav L. Tkachenko
Energy relations between Germany and Sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing a new development in the 21st century, amidst the prolonged energy crisis within the European Union. This development is taking the form of what could be described as energy neocolonialism. The aim of this study is to analyze the main features and characteristics of this emerging phenomenon. The research methodology entails a combination of historical, structural-realist, and quantitative approaches. One of the key findings of the study involves the identification of several challenges within German energy policies in Sub-Saharan Africa that could potentially hinder the ad-vancement of energy neocolonialism. The findings of the study indicate the potential for an indirect depend-ence of Germany, implementing its energy policy, on sub-Saharan Africa, as well as the involvement of many other actors. The article also defines a path for realizing Russian interests in Africa while competing with Ger-many in the market. The article contributes to increasing the factual and methodological basis of scientific and analytical studies of Germany’s external energy policy.
21 世纪以来,在欧盟长期能源危机的背景下,德国与撒哈拉以南非洲的能源关系出现了新的发展。这种发展的形式可以被称为能源新殖民主义。本研究旨在分析这一新兴现象的主要特征和特点。研究方法结合了历史、结构现实主义和定量方法。研究的主要发现之一是,德国在撒哈拉以南非洲地区的能源政策面临着一些挑战,这些挑战可能会阻碍能源新殖民主义的实现。研究结果表明,德国在实施其能源政策时有可能间接依赖于撒哈拉以南非洲,而且还有许多其他行为者的参与。文章还确定了俄罗斯在非洲的利益实现路径,同时在市场上与许多国家竞争。文章有助于增强德国对外能源政策科学分析研究的事实和方法论基础。
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引用次数: 0
Modern Political Myths and Pseudo-Myths in the Aspect of the Theory of Ethnogenesis 民族起源理论中的现代政治神话与伪神话
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.3
Victoria V. Kravchenko
The aim of this research is to apply L.N. Gumilev’s theory of ethnogenesis and A.F. Losev’s philosophical doc-trine on myth to modern political culture. The essential aspects of the political myth as an invariant of the ethnic myths are analyzed in the article; the ethnic myth itself is intepreted as an integral component of the ethnic mentality and spiritual life of the ethnos. The results of the study show that in modern political reality there are a number of myths and “pseudo-myths” that play a significant role in world politics. The varieties of these political myths are examined, which represent specific transformations of traditional myths. Artificial “pseudo-myths” are revealed as a result of political technologies and socio-political construction, which are essential in modern political reality. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of “pseudo-myths” created for political quasi-ethnicities forming in today’s globalized and individualized society, where traditional ethnic ties are breaking down or weakening. The further political development of individual ethnicities, nations, and humanity as a whole will depend on which myths define their current activities and prospective survival programs.
本研究旨在将 L.N. Gumilev 的民族起源理论和 A.F. Losev 的神话哲学理论应用于现代政治文化。文章分析了作为民族神话不变因素的政治神话的基本方面;民族神话本身被视为民族心理和民族精神生活不可分割的组成部分。研究结果表明,在现代政治现实中,有许多神话和 "伪神话 "在世界政治中发挥着重要作用。我们对这些政治神话的多样性进行了研究,它们代表了传统神话的特定转变。人造 "伪神话 "是政治技术和社会政治建构的结果,在现代政治现实中至关重要。在当今全球化和个性化的社会中,传统的民族纽带正在瓦解或削弱,而 "伪神话 "正是为这种社会中形成的政治准民族所创造的。各个民族、国家和整个人类的进一步政治发展将取决于哪些神话定义了他们当前的活动和未来的生存计划。
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引用次数: 0
Ensuring Factors for Financial Sustainability of the Higher Education Organizations 确保高等教育机构财务可持续性的因素
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.5.8
Andrei A. Gorbachev
This article identifies significant factors influencing the financial sustainability of higher education organizations and presents an authorial classification thereof. It is noted that the entire diversity of factors ensuring the sustainability of the university’s economic activities can be expressed through cost and non-financial indicators. Among the former are microeconomic, macroeconomic, and market factors determining the level of income of higher education organizations, their potential revenue streams, key expenditure items, as well as strategies for conducting activities based on the situation in the educational services market. Non-financial factors are subdivided into organizational-legal, political, social, and global categories. They imply an indirect but significant influence on the financial sustainability of an educational organization, regulating its activities through documents, state policies in various spheres, the university’s image in the domestic and global educational environment, etc. The prepared classification of factors provides a visual representation of the components of financial sustainability of higher education organizations, which can be effectively utilized in organizing management by stakeholders.
本文指出了影响高等教育机构财务可持续性的重要因素,并对这些因素进行了分类。文章指出,确保高校经济活动可持续性的各种因素可以通过成本和非财务指标来体现。前者包括微观经济、宏观经济和市场因素,这些因素决定了高等教育机构的收入水平、潜在收入来源、主要支出项目,以及根据教育服务市场情况开展活动的战略。非财务因素又分为组织-法律、政治、社会和全球类别。它们对教育组织的财务可持续性有间接但重要的影响,通过文件、各领域的国家政策、大学在国内和全球教育环境中的形象等来规范其活动。所编制的因素分类提供了高等教育组织财务可持续性组成部分的直观表述,可有效地用于组织利益相关者进行管理。
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引用次数: 0
Research on the Relationship between the Tourism Needs of Russian Tourists and the Cultural Tourism Resources of Jiangsu Province 俄罗斯游客的旅游需求与江苏省文化旅游资源的关系研究
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.5.4
Ronghui Zhao, Bofei Shang
Stable ties have been formed between Russia and China in the field of tourism. Jiangsu Province in China is characterized by a high level of development in the recreational sector for travelers and is rich in cultural and tourist resources. In 2021, the region set the goal of becoming a “world-renowned tourist destination”, meaning a sought-after destination for travelers from various countries. While developing in this regard, the province has demonstrated significant growth in the number of accepted guests from other countries in recent years, however, Russians among them constitute a minority. The article aims to examine the tourist motivation of Russian travelers when visiting China and identify the cultural and resource advantages of Jiangsu Province that could attract them to the region. Three aspects of Russians’ travel preferences are noted – the unique culture of the destination, budget-friendly shopping and high comfort for vacationers. It is concluded that adapting the tourism industry of Jiangsu Province to cater to the preferences of Russian tourists presents an opportunity to increase tourist arrivals from Russia. Strategies focusing on promoting cultural attractions, enhancing shopping experiences, and improving leisure facilities can contribute to attracting more Russian tourists to the region, thereby bolstering tourism growth and economic development.
俄中两国在旅游领域建立了稳定的联系。中国江苏省的旅游休闲产业发展水平较高,文化和旅游资源丰富。2021 年,该地区确定了成为 "世界知名旅游目的地 "的目标,即成为各国游客追捧的旅游目的地。在这方面发展的同时,该省近年来接受的其他国家客人数量也有显著增长,但其中俄罗斯人占少数。本文旨在研究俄罗斯游客来华旅游的动机,并找出江苏省吸引俄罗斯游客来华旅游的文化和资源优势。文章注意到俄罗斯人旅游偏好的三个方面--目的地的独特文化、经济实惠的购物和度假的高舒适度。由此得出结论,江苏省旅游业要适应俄罗斯游客的喜好,这为增加俄罗斯游客数量提供了机会。以宣传文化景点、提升购物体验和改善休闲设施为重点的战略有助于吸引更多俄罗斯游客到该地区旅游,从而促进旅游业增长和经济发展。
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引用次数: 0
The Concept of Sustainable Development in the Theory of Left-Wing Alterglobalism: Theoretical Sources and Limitations 左翼反全球化理论中的可持续发展概念:理论来源与局限性
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.5.2
Artem I. Myasnikov, Semyon А. Kulesh
The concept of sustainable development has garnered significant attention in political discourse, particularly within left-wing alterglobalism. This article examines the formation of the concept of sustainable development and its key tenets through the lens of Marxist and neo-Marxist political theory within the framework of left-wing alterglobalism. Special emphasis is placed on the specificity of the left-wing alterglobalism position on issues pertaining to the possibility and necessity of sustainable development worldwide. A historical overview of the development of the concept under the auspices of the United Nations (UN) is provided. It is noted that the current Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a refined version of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which were in effect until 2015. The complexity of implementing the SDGs due to the differing initial levels of states is discussed. The specificity of the theory of sustainable development in left socio-political theory is defined, along with the prospects for its utilization in shaping the paradigm of development in post-capitalist society. Despite its theoretical appeal, the implementation of sustainable development faces numerous challenges, including political resistance, vested interests, and unequal power dynamics among nations. The heterogeneity of states’ development levels complicates efforts to achieve global consensus and cooperation in pursuing sustainability goals. In conclusion, the concept of sustainable development within left-wing alterglobalism offers a compelling vision for addressing the interconnected challenges of environmental degradation, social injustice, and economic inequality. By grounding sustainability efforts in Marxist and neo-Marxist principles, this perspective provides a robust framework for envisioning a post-capitalist society based on democratic governance, social equity, and ecological resilience.
可持续发展的概念在政治讨论中,尤其是在左翼改变全球主义中引起了极大关注。本文通过马克思主义和新马克思主义政治理论的视角,在左翼改变全球主义的框架内,探讨了可持续发展概念的形成及其主要信条。文章特别强调了左翼改变全球主义在有关全球可持续发展的可能性和必要性问题上立场的特殊性。对这一概念在联合国主持下的发展进行了历史性概述。报告指出,当前的可持续发展目标(SDGs)是千年发展目标(MDGs)的改进版,后者在 2015 年之前一直有效。由于各国的初始水平不同,讨论了实施可持续发展目标的复杂性。界定了左翼社会政治理论中可持续发展理论的特殊性,以及利用该理论塑造后资本主义社会发展范式的前景。尽管可持续发展具有理论上的吸引力,但其实施面临着诸多挑战,包括政治阻力、既得利益和国家间不平等的权力动态。各国发展水平参差不齐,使得在实现可持续发展目标方面达成全球共识与合作的努力变得更加复杂。总之,左翼改变全球主义中的可持续发展概念为解决环境退化、社会不公和经济不平等等相互关联的挑战提供了令人信服的愿景。通过将可持续发展努力建立在马克思主义和新马克思主义原则的基础上,这一观点为设想一个基于民主治理、社会公平和生态复原力的后资本主义社会提供了一个强有力的框架。
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引用次数: 0
IPO Anomalies: Impact on the Efficiency of Initial Public Offerings 首次公开发行异常现象:对首次公开发行效率的影响
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.5.9
Yunes Kh. Makhmud
The article explores the significant role of anomalies in the market for initial public offerings (IPOs), affecting both short-term and long-term stock outcomes upon entering the public market. It addresses the overarching issue faced by investors regarding the low efficiency of IPOs, characterized by a decline in securities’ value immediately after public listing. The article examines various anomalies and factors affecting IPO outcomes and discusses strategies for successful risk management and achieving desired investment results. It highlights the importance of considering underexplored aspects such as financial reporting distortions, information asymmetry, and insider manipulations, which are often encountered in IPOs but rarely studied in depth. This investigation into IPO anomalies aims to provide investors and companies with insights for making more informed decisions during IPOs and adapting their strategies according to market conditions, thereby contributing to a broader understanding of factors affecting IPO profitability. By recognizing and addressing these factors, investors and companies can better navigate the IPO process and achieve more favorable outcomes. Further research is needed to delve deeper into the complexities of IPO anomalies and their implications for market efficiency.
文章探讨了首次公开募股(IPO)市场中异常现象的重要作用,这些异常现象会影响股票进入公开市场后的短期和长期结果。文章探讨了投资者面临的首要问题,即首次公开募股效率低下,其特点是证券价值在公开上市后立即下降。文章探讨了影响 IPO 结果的各种异常现象和因素,并讨论了成功进行风险管理和实现预期投资结果的策略。文章强调了考虑财务报告失真、信息不对称和内部人操纵等未被充分探索的方面的重要性,这些方面在 IPO 中经常遇到,但却很少被深入研究。对首次公开募股异常现象的调查旨在为投资者和公司提供见解,以便在首次公开募股期间做出更明智的决策,并根据市场情况调整战略,从而有助于更广泛地了解影响首次公开募股盈利能力的因素。通过认识和解决这些因素,投资者和公司可以更好地驾驭 IPO 过程,取得更有利的结果。要深入研究 IPO 异常现象的复杂性及其对市场效率的影响,还需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Methodology for Assessing the State of the Geo-Economic Component of the Russian Federation’s Economic Sovereignty 评估俄罗斯联邦经济主权的地缘经济组成部分状况的方法
Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.5.6
Sergei V. Chichilimov
The assessment of economic sovereignty in the context of modern geopolitical challenges is essential for understanding the dynamics of international relations. Sanctions have become the primary tool of coercion against competitors within the framework of the established policy of neo-protectionism in the XX–XXI centuries. In the face of escalating sanction pressure on the Russian Federation in 2022–2023, studying international experience in counter-sanction policies becomes relevant. This study examines the main vectors for enhancing the resistance of the economic system in the practices of Iran, the People’s Republic of China, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, and the Republic of South Africa. A possible way to counteract sanctions pressure is to initiate a policy aimed at increasing the country’s economic resilience. The author’s methodology for assessing the state of the three political economic sovereignties of the Russian Federation is proposed. The methodology is applied in the article to the example of the geo-economic component over the period of 2015–2021. It is demonstrated that the initial resistance for the geo-economic component of economic sovereignty has not been achieved. Moreover, specific directions for increasing the level of sustainability in the context of the geo-economic component are proposed. By adapting lessons from international experiences, the Russian Federation can strengthen its economic sovereignty and navigate global challenges more effectively.
在现代地缘政治挑战的背景下评估经济主权对于了解国际关系的动态至关重要。在二十至二十一世纪新保护主义的既定政策框架内,制裁已成为胁迫竞争对手的主要工具。2022-2023 年,俄罗斯联邦将面临不断升级的制裁压力,因此研究反制裁政策的国际经验具有重要意义。本研究探讨了伊朗、中华人民共和国、朝鲜民主主义人民共和国和南非共和国在实践中增强经济体系抵抗力的主要途径。抵消制裁压力的一个可行方法是启动一项旨在增强国家经济抵御能力的政策。作者提出了评估俄罗斯联邦三个政治经济主权国家状况的方法。文章将该方法应用于 2015-2021 年地缘经济部分的实例。结果表明,经济主权中地缘经济部分的初始阻力尚未实现。此外,文章还提出了提高地缘经济部分可持续性水平的具体方向。通过借鉴国际经验,俄罗斯联邦可以加强其经济主权,更有效地应对全球挑战。
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引用次数: 0
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