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Administrative Reforms as a Solution for Building Democracy in Modern Vietnam 行政改革是现代越南民主建设的解决方案
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.10
Thi Thoa Tu, Duc Cuong Nguyen
This paper explores Vietnam’s administrative reforms, which constitute a pivotal strategy towards country’s democratization. It scrutinizes three critical dimensions: the overarching goals of the reforms, the specific poli-cies and measures implemented, and the challenges encountered. Initially, the paper discusses how these reforms underpin democratization by boosting government efficiency, accountability, and transparency, em-phasizing key initiatives like bureaucratic restructuring, policy modernization, and e-governance integration to enhance public engagement and streamline operations. Subsequently, it details measures such as the digitali-zation of administrative processes and legislative updates aimed at achieving service excellence and focusing on citizen-centric governance. In conclusion, this study points out the multifaceted challenges facing Vietnam’s administrative reform. This analysis illustrates the complex yet crucial journey towards establishing a more democratic, transparent, and accountable governance model in Vietnam.
本文探讨了越南的行政改革,这些改革是实现国家民主化的关键战略。本文从三个关键方面进行了探讨:改革的总体目标、实施的具体政策和措施以及遇到的挑战。首先,本文讨论了这些改革如何通过提高政府效率、问责制和透明度来巩固民主化,强调了官僚结构调整、政策现代化和电子政务整合等关键举措,以加强公众参与和简化运作。随后,研究还详细介绍了行政流程数字化和立法更新等措施,旨在实现卓越服务,注重以民为本的治理。总之,本研究指出了越南行政改革所面临的多方面挑战。这一分析说明了越南建立更加民主、透明和负责任的治理模式的复杂而关键的历程。
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引用次数: 0
Sports Diplomacy: The History of Formation and Theoretical Approaches 体育外交:形成历史与理论方法
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.7
Chenghui Wang
In modern international relations, sports and related competitions have become integral elements of virtually every nation’s political framework. They serve to determine the vectors of both domestic and foreign political processes on the global stage. In current contexts, the tools of the so-called “soft power” have gained particular relevance in fostering mutually beneficial cooperation. Sports diplomacy stands out among these tools. Despite its increasing recognition, sports diplomacy remains insufficiently studied in terms of identifying the most effec-tive methodologies for constructing international relations through sports. The article elucidates the essence and concept of sports diplomacy, analyzing diverse approaches to defining this term, and suggests its author’s interpretation. The study traces the emergence of sports diplomacy as a component of political relations, identi-fying pivotal events in this field and analyzing their impact on domestic and international processes within states. It highlights that sports diplomacy, amid the modern reshaping of the global political landscape, can emerge as an effective means to achieve multipolarity.
在现代国际关系中,体育和相关竞赛几乎已成为每个国家政治框架的组成部分。它们在全球舞台上决定着国内外政治进程的方向。在当前形势下,所谓的 "软实力 "工具在促进互利合作方面具有特别重要的意义。在这些工具中,体育外交脱颖而出。尽管体育外交日益得到认可,但在确定通过体育构建国际关系的最有效方法方面,对体育外交的研究仍然不足。文章阐明了体育外交的本质和概念,分析了定义这一术语的不同方法,并提出了作者的解释。研究追溯了体育外交作为政治关系组成部分的出现,确定了这一领域的关键事件,并分析了它们对各国国内和国际进程的影响。研究强调,在全球政治格局的现代重塑中,体育外交可以作为实现多极化的有效手段出现。
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引用次数: 0
Improving the Efficiency of Securities Market Operations amid Economic Turbulence 在经济动荡中提高证券市场的运作效率
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.13
Kirill V. Korotin
The aim of this study is to delineate strategies for enhancing the operational efficiency of the securities market during periods of economic turbulence. The goal was achieved by solving several tasks: analyzing statistical data pertaining to securities market operations, identifying interrelationships and implications within the statisti-cal data, pinpointing extant issues directly linked to market functioning and regulation, and devising solutions to address these challenges. The paper uses methods of analysis and synthesis in the framework of studying statistical data from reliable sources, such as data from the Bank of Russia and others, as well as a historical method for the theoretical part of the study. Logical methods of cognition including deduction, induction, gener-alization, and analogy are employed to ascertain correlations between statistical data and economic phenom-ena. In formulating recommendations, methods such as hypothesis formulation and forecasting are utilized. The relevance of the work is underscored by the prevailing global economic instability and specific challenges facing the Russian economy, notably sanctions-related issues. In conditions of uncertainty, problems pertinent to the securities market assume heightened significance, magnified against the backdrop of broader economic challenges, necessitating a meticulous and nuanced approach.
本研究的目的是制定在经济动荡时期提高证券市场运行效率的战略。要实现这一目标,需要完成以下几项任务:分析与证券市场运行有关的统计数据,确定统计数据中的相互关系和影响,找出与市场运作和监管直接相关的现存问题,并制定应对这些挑战的解决方案。本文在研究可靠来源的统计数据(如俄罗斯银行和其他机构的数据)的框架内使用了分析和综合方法,并在研究的理论部分使用了历史方法。在确定统计数据与经济现象之间的相关性时,采用了包括演绎、归纳、类化和类比在内的逻辑认知方法。在提出建议时,采用了提出假设和进行预测等方法。当前的全球经济不稳定和俄罗斯经济面临的具体挑战,特别是与制裁有关的问题,凸显了这项工作的相关性。在不确定的条件下,与证券市场相关的问题变得更加重要,并在更广泛的经济挑战背景下被放大,因此有必要采取细致入微的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Military-Political Analysis of Russia’s Security at the Present Stage of Its Development 现阶段俄罗斯安全的军事政治分析
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.2
Nikolay V. Bolgov, Alexander V. Kopylov, Alexander G. Likhonosov
The study analyzes the military-political situation at the current stage of Russia’s development, as well as its impact on military security. The transnational nature of military threats objectively necessitates the intensifica-tion of diplomatic efforts to develop cooperation between States in preventing and eliminating such threats and challenges, as well as the development of military-political cooperation in combating common threats. All this requires knowledge from government and military leaders – not only in the field of management theory, but also in the field of diplomacy, a deep understanding of the country’s military potential and the policy of strategic deterrence. The features of the negotiation processes, the role and place of Russia in ensuring national security are revealed. According to the results of the analysis, negative trends have been identified that require the elim-ination of factors at the international level at the current stage of development, influencing which it is possible to stabilize the aggravated contradictions taking into account new threats. This will contribute to the development of the national security system. Proposals are made on new approaches to the formation of an ideological uni-fication of society based on the principles of social justice, as well as the use of existing potential.
本研究分析了俄罗斯现阶段的军事政治局势及其对军事安全的影响。军事威胁的跨国性客观上要求加强外交努力,发展国家间在预防和消除此类威胁和挑战方面的合作,并发展军事政治合作,以应对共同威胁。所有这一切都需要政府和军队领导人不仅在管理理论领域,而且在外交领域,对国家军事潜力和战略威慑政策的深刻理解。研究揭示了谈判过程的特点、俄罗斯在确保国家安全方面的作用和地位。根据分析结果,确定了在当前发展阶段需要消除国际层面因素的消极趋势。这将有助于国家安全体系的发展。在社会公正原则的基础上,就形成社会意识形态统一的新方法以及利用现有潜力提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Training and Development of Multitasking Specialists in a Modern Organization 现代组织中多任务专家的培训与发展
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.12
Maria S. Berezhnaya
This article addresses the issue of training and developing multitasking specialists in modern organizations. In the face of talent shortages and high demand for multitasking employees, employers are faced with the need to effectively manage the process of employee training and development. The article describes current trends in employee education, including the use of modern HR tools, the creation of personalized development pro-grams, and the formation of talent pools. The author emphasizes the need for specialists to develop a wide range of skills, encompassing communicative, leadership, and digital competencies, along with the ability to adapt quickly and effectively plan work tasks. The author examines common pitfalls in career growth strategy development. The concluding part of the article emphasizes the importance of flexibility in employee training in 2024, describes organizations’ transition to digital learning platforms, and the integration of learning into the work process.
本文探讨了现代组织中培训和培养多任务专家的问题。面对人才短缺和对多任务员工的高需求,雇主面临着有效管理员工培训和发展过程的需要。文章介绍了当前员工教育的趋势,包括现代人力资源工具的使用、个性化发展计划的创建以及人才库的形成。作者强调,专家需要培养广泛的技能,包括沟通能力、领导能力和数字能力,以及快速适应和有效规划工作任务的能力。作者探讨了职业发展战略制定中的常见误区。文章的结尾部分强调了2024年员工培训灵活性的重要性,介绍了企业向数字化学习平台的转型,以及将学习融入工作流程的情况。
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引用次数: 0
Personal Interest in Russian Law: Issues of Conceptualization 俄罗斯法律中的个人利益:概念化问题
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.14
Vladimir A. Vinokurov
The article examines the concepts of “personal interest” and “collective interest” based on constitutional norms in Russian law. It analyzes the definition of personal interest as stipulated in the Federal Law “On Com-bating Corruption”, focusing on its application in understanding situations termed as “conflicts of interest”. The article argues for the necessity of interpreting “personal interest” not merely in a negative connotation of per-sonal gain or profit, but rather as a right of individuals and citizens that primarily acts as a stimulus for the quali-ty performance of work for the benefit of the state and society, in conjunction with the lawful receipt of earned benefits and advantages. Furthermore, the article proposes recommendations aimed at continuing the transi-tion from a totalitarian state, characterized by prohibitions and punishments, to a democratic, rule-of-law state grounded in the belief in individuals’ ability to work conscientiously without creating situations labeled as “con-flicts of interest”.
文章以俄罗斯法律中的宪法规范为基础,研究了 "个人利益 "和 "集体利益 "的概念。文章分析了《联邦反腐败法》中规定的个人利益的定义,重点探讨了该定义在理解被称为 "利益冲突 "的情况时的应用。文章认为,有必要对 "个人利益 "进行解释,而不仅仅是指个人收益或利润的负面含义,而是指个人和公民的一项权利,它主要是为了国家和社会的利益而高质量地完成工作,同时合法地获得应得的利益和好处。此外,文章还提出了一些建议,旨在继续从以禁止和惩罚为特征的极权国家向民主法治国家转变,其基础是相信个人有能力在不造成 "利益冲突 "的情况下认真工作。
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引用次数: 0
Ideological Foundations for the Creation of a National Idea 创建国家理念的思想基础
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.6
Evgenia A. Senina
The article is devoted to the study of the problems of the creation and formation of the national idea as a new ideological format in modern Russia, taking into account the constitutional ban on state or compulsory ideology. The author proves that the meaning of the national idea is broader and does not repeal the constitutional prohi-bition of Part 2 of Article 13 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, moreover, in practice, the creation of a new national idea is confirmed in the main course of state development. The perspective of the development of the national idea, in essence, in recent years has been reflected by the state in the Basic Law of the country and detailed in other normative acts. The author raises the question of the further vector of the state's activities in the field of creating a common national idea, given that the central element in need of special protection and priority development is the protection of human rights and freedoms. A reliable condition for the effective per-formance of this work is a State that takes urgent measures and responds in a timely manner to new challeng-es and threats in the context of the global civilizational crisis. By addressing these themes, the article prompts a discussion on the future direction of state efforts in fostering a cohesive national identity, grounded in constitu-tional principles yet responsive to modern socio-political dynamics.
文章专门研究了民族思想作为现代俄罗斯一种新的意识形态形式的产生和形成问题,同时考虑到宪法对国家或强制性意识形态的禁止。作者证明了民族思想的含义更为广泛,并没有废除《俄罗斯联邦宪法》第 13 条第 2 部分的宪法禁令,而且在实践中,新民族思想的产生在国家发展的主要进程中得到了证实。从本质上讲,近年来民族思想的发展前景在国家《基本法》中得到了体现,并在其他规范性法案中得到了详细阐述。鉴于需要特别保护和优先发展的核心要素是保护人权和自由,作者提出了国家在创建共同民族思想领域活动的进一步矢量问题。有效开展这项工作的可靠条件是国家采取紧急措施,及时应对全球文明危机背景下的新挑战和新威胁。通过论述这些主题,文章引发了关于国家在培养具有凝聚力的民族认同感方面的未来努力方向的讨论,这种认同感建立在宪法原则的基础上,但又能顺应现代社会政治动态。
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引用次数: 0
Economic Assessment of Damage to Specially Protected Natural Areas from Negative Water Impacts: Methodological and Applied Aspects 水的负面影响对特别保护自然区造成损害的经济评估:方法和应用方面
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.11
S. Ayusheeva, Alyona М. Andreeva, Liudmila B.-Zh. Maksanova, I. Sangadieva
The article continues a series of publications on the economic assessment of the consequences of negative water impacts caused by the rising water levels of Lake Baikal. The study focuses on certain methodological aspects of assessing damage to the infrastructure of coastal specially protected natural areas (SPNAs). Thus, within the Republic of Buryatia, SPNAs of federal significance (Transbaical National Park, Baikal and Barguzinsky Reserves, Frolikha and Kabansky Wildlife Refuges) and regional significance (Upper Angara, Ad-jacent to Lake Baikal, and Enkheluk Wildlife Refuges, and the recreational area “Baikal Coast”) are affected by negative impacts due to changes in Lake Baikal’s water levels. The methodological framework for assessing damage relies on the fundamental principles of the “Methodology for Assessing Probabilistic Damage” (VIEMS methodology). Considering the limited application of the methodology concerning SPNAs, the article justifies methodological provisions and proposes an algorithm for assessing damage to SPNA infrastructure, taking into account their functional purpose.
这篇文章是对贝加尔湖水位上升造成的负面水影响后果进行经济评估的系列出版物的延续。研究的重点是评估沿海特别自然保护区(SPNAs)基础设施损害的某些方法问题。因此,在布里亚特共和国境内,具有联邦意义的自然保护区(外贝加尔国家公园、贝加尔湖和巴尔古津斯基保护区、弗罗里卡和卡班斯基野生动物保护区)和具有地区意义的自然保护区(上安加拉、毗邻贝加尔湖和恩赫卢克野生动物保护区以及 "贝加尔湖沿岸 "休闲区)都会受到贝加尔湖水位变化造成的负面影响。评估损害的方法框架依赖于 "概率损害评估方法"(VIEMS 方法)的基本原则。考虑到该方法在 SPNA 方面的应用有限,文章对方法规定进行了论证,并提出了一种评估 SPNA 基础设施损害的算法,同时考虑到其功能目的。
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引用次数: 0
The Concept of “Cultural Hegemony” by A. Gramsci in the Works of the Frankfurt School (M. Horkheimer, T. Adorno, and H. Marcuse) 法兰克福学派(霍克海默、阿多诺和马尔库塞)作品中的葛兰西 "文化霸权 "概念
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.9
Yulia A. Malyshko
The article analyzes the conceptual evolution of Antonio Gramsci’s notion of “cultural hegemony” as interpreted in Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno’s “Dialectic of Enlightenment” and Herbert Marcuse’s “One-Dimensional Man”. Spanning from Karl Marx’s publication of “Capital” in 1867 to Gramsci’s “Prison Notebooks” written in the 1920s and 1930s, over half a century elapsed. The socio-political panorama of their time, coupled with an analysis of the fragmentation of the workers’ movement alongside a communication revolution, ena-bled Gramsci to reformulate Marxist doctrine, introducing a new dimension: the level of mass consciousness and the competition among political forces for its control. These insights formed the basis of the works of the Frankfurt School authors. The aim of this study is to uncover the conceptual transformation of ideas concerning mass consciousness and its influence within the framework of neo-Marxist thought. Additionally, it examines critiques of the cultural industry and the power of brands within mass society.
文章分析了安东尼奥-葛兰西的 "文化霸权 "概念在马克斯-霍克海默和西奥多-阿多诺的《启蒙辩证法》以及赫伯特-马尔库塞的《一维人》中的演变过程。从 1867 年马克思出版《资本论》到 20 世纪二三十年代葛兰西撰写《狱中笔记》,时间跨度超过半个世纪。他们所处时代的社会政治全景,加上对工人运动在通讯革命中支离破碎的分析,促使葛兰西重新阐释马克思主义学说,并引入了一个新的维度:群众意识的水平以及各种政治力量对其控制权的争夺。这些见解构成了法兰克福学派作家作品的基础。本研究旨在揭示新马克思主义思想框架内有关大众意识的观念转变及其影响。此外,本研究还探讨了大众社会中对文化产业和品牌力量的批判。
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引用次数: 0
Social Media in the Electoral Process: Findings from the COVID-19 Pandemic 选举过程中的社交媒体:COVID-19 大流行的调查结果
Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI: 10.24158/pep.2024.7.5
Madina T. Gandaloeva
The article identifies the specificities of using social media in the electoral process under COVID-19-related restrictions. With the ban on public gatherings, politicians had to reconsider traditional measures and methods of communicating with citizens during elections. This prompted the refinement of methods using relevant inter-net technologies across various platforms. Based on an analysis of practices in remote voting during elections to the Moscow City Duma from 2019 to 2021 and electoral campaigns in Russia during the pandemic period, the author concludes that under stringent epidemiological constraints, it became evident that internet voting is a crucial independent direction in electoral campaigns. The tools used for organizing online citizen voting proce-dures are identified, as well as technologies for remote voting on digital platforms are described.
文章指出了在 COVID-19 相关限制下选举过程中使用社交媒体的特殊性。由于禁止公众集会,政治家们不得不重新考虑在选举期间与公民沟通的传统措施和方法。这促使在各种平台上利用相关网络间技术改进方法。根据对 2019 年至 2021 年莫斯科市杜马选举期间远程投票实践以及大流行病期间俄罗斯选举活动的分析,作者得出结论:在严格的流行病限制条件下,网络投票显然是选举活动中一个重要的独立方向。作者确定了用于组织公民网络投票程序的工具,并介绍了在数字平台上进行远程投票的技术。
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引用次数: 0
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