Agricultural and Forest Meteorology最新文献

{"title":"Thinning enhances hydraulic safety but not growth resistance to drought in Atlas cedar on the long-term","authors":"Léa Veuillen ,&nbsp;Guillaume Simioni ,&nbsp;Miquel De Cáceres ,&nbsp;Eric Badel ,&nbsp;Simon D. Carrière ,&nbsp;Hervé Cochard ,&nbsp;François Courbet ,&nbsp;Claude Doussan ,&nbsp;Arsène Druel ,&nbsp;Jean Ladier ,&nbsp;Bernard Prévosto ,&nbsp;Kevyn Raynal ,&nbsp;Nicolas Martin-StPaul","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing forest stand density through thinning has the potential to improve tree vigor and mitigate hydraulic risk as it reduces competition for water, thereby improving soil water availability at the tree level. However, these positive effects might be compensated over time by the growth of the remaining trees and understory, an aspect that remains understudied. We investigated the long-term effects of thinning on vegetation regrowth, growth resistance to drought and hydraulic risk in a 1968 <em>Cedrus atlantica</em> plantation in southeastern France where contrasting thinning intensities were applied in 1992, resulting in stand densities of 1200 (unthinned control), 800, 600 and 400 trees.ha^-1. Field measurements were conducted in 2017, 25 years after thinning, during the most severe drought since the trial’s establishment. To explore underlying mechanisms, they were complemented by a modeling test using SurEau within the cohort-based model MEDFATE.</div><div>Our results show that 25 years after thinning, despite similar stand leaf area index across all thinning treatments, trees in thinned stands exhibited significantly higher growth and reduced hydraulic risk (i.e., higher water potential, wider hydraulic safety margins, lower native embolism) than in the unthinned control. Model simulations suggest that this long-term reduction of hydraulic risk by thinning may result from niche partitioning between the overstory and the understory, either spatially (due to differences in rooting depth) or temporally (due to differences in ecophysiological properties). Interestingly, growth resistance to drought did not differ significantly among thinning treatments. Our results emphasize the potential long-lasting role of thinning in reducing hydraulic risk despite vegetation regrowth. Moreover, this study shows that ecophysiological indicators provide a more accurate understanding of tree drought responses during a specific drought event than the commonly used growth-based indicators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 111019"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future viability of European vineyards using bioclimatic climate analogues","authors":"Héloïse Allaman ,&nbsp;Stéphane Goyette ,&nbsp;Pierre-Henri Dubuis ,&nbsp;Jérôme Kasparian","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is reshaping the geography of viticulture, threatening traditional wine regions while opening opportunities for new ones. This study applies a climate analogues approach to assess how European vineyards may evolve and/or shift under future climate scenarios. We tailor the method to viticulture by integrating bioclimatic indices related to vine growth and disease risks, correcting for vineyard-scale topography, and accounting for redundancy between the indices.</div><div>Our analysis supports both adaptation, by identifying present-day locations resembling future vineyard climates, and prospective expansion, by revealing regions with emerging suitability. We find that temperature-related indices related to plant growth drive north–south and elevation shifts, while pathogen-related indices-linked to humidity and precipitation-cause notable east–west displacements. While northern Europe may become thermally suitable for vine-growing by the end of the 21th century, its projected high humidity could intensify disease pressure, potentially limiting its long-term sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 110978"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding carbon allocation in boreal forests: Integrating multi-proxy observations and process-based modelling","authors":"Paulina F. Puchi ,&nbsp;Daniela Dalmonech ,&nbsp;Daniele Castagneri ,&nbsp;Giancarlo Genovese ,&nbsp;Warren Helgason ,&nbsp;Myroslava Khomik ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Brilli ,&nbsp;Alessio Collalti","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how photosynthetic carbon (C) is allocated to woody biomass remains a critical gap in predicting forest responses to climate change, especially in cold-limited ecosystems, due to the pervasive lack of comprehensive carbon-based data at the whole-stand level. We applied a multi-proxy approach integrating eddy covariance, process-based modelling, and quantitative wood anatomy to assess C fluxes and stem-level C allocation in two mature boreal stands in Canada—black spruce (<em>Picea mariana</em> Mill.) and jack pine (<em>Pinus banksiana</em> Lamb.)—from 1999 to 2021.</div><div>At both stands, we found that stem structural C allocation (measured as cell wall area, CWA) was tightly coupled with observed and modelled gross primary productivity (GPP). Modelled non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) dynamics revealed contrasting temporal patterns between species: jack pine showed an immediate response to available NSC and annual CWA, suggesting an active role of NSC in supporting growth under fluctuating environmental conditions. In contrast, black spruce exhibited a delayed effect, suggesting a more passive and buffering role of NSC in stem structural C allocation. Notably, at the jack pine site, extreme cold years corresponded to reduced CWA alongside elevated NSC concentrations, which might indicate a shift in C allocation priorities toward storage over growth. Our findings, based on a multi-proxy approach, provide novel insights into species-specific and possible trade-offs between storage and growth, useful for improving C budget models and adaptive forest management under climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 110923"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145625239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Spring phenology in subtropical trees: Developing process-based models on an experimental basis” [Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 314 (2022) 108802]","authors":"Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianhong Lin ,&nbsp;Fucheng Wang ,&nbsp;Nicolas Delpierre ,&nbsp;Koen Kramer ,&nbsp;Heikki Hänninen ,&nbsp;Jiasheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110981","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 110981"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145732625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat wave impacts on tree growth and recovery in temperate forests depend on leaf phenology","authors":"Ilaria Bonfanti ,&nbsp;J. Julio Camarero ,&nbsp;Cristina Valeriano ,&nbsp;Ángel Fernández-Cortés ,&nbsp;Nicoletta Cannone","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2026.111020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is leading to more frequent and severe extreme climate events, such as hot spells. However, we lack information on how trees recover after heat waves in terms of wood anatomy, radial growth (basal area increment, BAI), and wood δ¹³C, a proxy of intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE). This lack of information on recovery is notable in temperate forests, where heat waves reduce productivity and trigger canopy dieback. We filled this research gap by assessing the impacts of the 2022 heat wave on two temperate forests located at high (Cernobbio) and low elevation (Monza) sites in northern Italy. Eight winter-deciduous tree species were sampled with different leaf phenology (early leafing species, <em>Betula pendula, Quercus robur</em>; intermediate leafing species, <em>Fagus sylvatica, Acer pseudoplatanus</em>; and late leafing species, <em>Tilia cordata, Castanea sativa, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus pubescens</em>). Some species experienced a severe BAI reduction during 2022 (<em>B. pendula</em>, -58%; <em>Q. robur</em>, -48 %), others showed a moderate drop (<em>A. pseudoplatanus</em>, -5 %; <em>F. excelsior</em>, -5 to -34 %; <em>T. cordata</em>, -29 %; <em>C. sativa</em>, -25 %; <em>Q. pubescens</em>, -18 %), whereas <em>F. sylvatica</em> showed a slight increase (+ 3 %). Negative growth legacies were detected in <em>F. excelsior</em> at the low-elevation site. <em>F. excelsior, A. pseudoplatanus</em> and <em>Q. pubescens</em> were the most sensitive species to summer maximum temperatures and drought severity. In the case of <em>A. pseudoplatanus</em>, the ray parenchyma fraction declined in 2022, indicating lower C storage. <em>A. pseudoplatanus</em> (-26.1‰) and <em>F. excelsior</em> (-25.6 ‰) showed the highest wood δ¹³C values. Radial growth data indicate that the two early leafing species were the most negatively impacted by heat stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 111020"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greenhouse gas fluxes in a managed floodplain forest in the Amazon estuary","authors":"Mario Flores Aroni ,&nbsp;José Henrique Cattanio ,&nbsp;Mário Augusto Gonçalves Jardim ,&nbsp;Steel Silva Vasconcelos ,&nbsp;Claudio José Reis de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Rafaela Sales de Morais ,&nbsp;Edite Torres Maia","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exchange of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) between the soil and the atmosphere in the Amazonian estuarine forests remains poorly quantified, obscuring their role in the greenhouse effect. However, the spatial and temporal variability of these gases needs to be better understood, mainly because of the constant occurrence of floods in this ecosystem. This is the first annual study that uses the closed dynamic chamber method to quantify CO₂ and CH₄ fluxes in relation to floristic composition and environmental variables in a floodplain forest in the Amazon estuary. The average soil flux was 13.60 g CO₂ m^-2 d^-1 and 176.92 mg CH₄ m^-2 d^-1, both presenting spatial and temporal variations. Soil CO₂ flux was higher in the high topography areas and in the rainy season, and the CH₄ flux was higher in the low topography areas and also in the rainy season. Greenhouse gas fluxes from soil in the Amazon floodplain are controlled by topography, which influences key determinants such as moisture (as water table height) soil temperature, and the soil carbon content. In this sense, the balance between carbon production and consumption depends on the hydrological conditions and the duration of floods, which can change under conditions of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 110979"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intra-annual tree-ring δ18O records from the northeastern Tibetan Plateau can reflect seasonal variations of relative humidity and the intra-annual distribution of precipitation","authors":"Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Gou ,&nbsp;Takeshi Nakatsuka ,&nbsp;Yiran Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Linlin Gao ,&nbsp;Yang Deng ,&nbsp;Zhen Li ,&nbsp;Kaixuan Yang ,&nbsp;Xuan Li ,&nbsp;Chongshan Wang ,&nbsp;Zibo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intra-annual distribution of precipitation has a significant impact on vegetation growth in arid and semi-arid regions. Intra-annual variations in tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotope ratios (δ¹⁸O_tree) can capture seasonal climate signals. In this study, we collected tree-ring cores of <em>Picea crassifolia</em> from three sampling sites in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau and established both interannual and intra-annual δ¹⁸O_tree series spanning approximately the past 30 years. We found that all three sites exhibited a consistent pattern of intra-annual variation, with δ¹⁸O_tree values gradually decreasing from earlywood to latewood reflecting the relative humidity of the corresponding growth periods. Further analysis revealed that the amplitude of intra-annual variations in δ¹⁸O_tree can indicate the intra-annual distribution of precipitation, specifically the difference in precipitation amounts between the late and early growing season. Additionally, when examining the relationship between annual-resolution and intra-annual-resolution δ¹⁸O_tree series, we found that annual-resolution δ¹⁸O_tree primarily reflect the isotopic signals corresponding to the periods of fastest tree growth within the year. Our findings provide valuable insights into the interpretation of annual-resolution δ¹⁸O_tree signals and the investigation of seasonal moisture variations in arid and semi-arid regions under the context of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 111015"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Will epiphyte loss exacerbate climate change effects in tropical montane cloud forests?","authors":"Damon Vaughan ,&nbsp;Sybil G. Gotsch ,&nbsp;Lauren Lowman ,&nbsp;Todd E. Dawson ,&nbsp;Nalini M. Nadkarni ,&nbsp;John T. Van Stan II ,&nbsp;Pablo José Gutiérrez-Campos ,&nbsp;Elenter Cubero-Campos","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epiphytes in tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) are vulnerable to decline and mortality as cloud base heights gradually rise, diminishing a vital source of moisture. Despite epiphytes’ key roles in TMCF ecosystems, few studies have assessed the potential effects of their loss on host tree health and hydrological processes. To investigate potential cascading effects, we conducted a replicated whole-tree epiphyte removal experiment in a TMCF near Monteverde, Costa Rica. The study consisted of ten pairs of trees where we removed all epiphytes (vascular and non-vascular) and arboreal soil mats from experimental trees, while leaving canopy communities intact in nearby control trees. Five pairs were in contiguous forest; the remaining five pairs consisted of trees in isolated pasture areas. Microclimate monitoring in multiple crown locations of study trees revealed that epiphyte removal was linked to increases in key drying variables such as solar radiation and wind speed. Surprisingly, epiphyte removal also contributed to wetting by allowing increased cloud and rain penetration into crown interiors. Our data also indicate that epiphyte loss increased the ratio of sensible to latent heat flux, which in our study was associated with a 0.48 increase in stripped tree Bowen ratios. Some effects of epiphyte removal were smaller than expected, which could be explained by the highly humid and wet atmosphere of TMCFs. Under future climatic conditions that are expected to be drier and hotter, we suggest that it is possible that effects of epiphyte loss will be more severe. Landscape-scale processes could also be influenced, as increased Bowen ratios represent shifts in surface energy partitioning and boundary-layer development that can further elevate the cloud base.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 111008"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven modelling of methane fluxes across a mire complex based on replicated eddy covariance measurements and spatially-resolved driver information","authors":"Koffi Dodji Noumonvi ,&nbsp;Mats B. Nilsson ,&nbsp;Natascha Kljun ,&nbsp;Joshua L. Ratcliffe ,&nbsp;Mats G. Öquist ,&nbsp;Johan E.S. Fransson ,&nbsp;Matthias Peichl","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.111002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Northern mires are significant natural sources of atmospheric methane (CH₄), yet estimating CH₄ emissions remains challenging due to their complex spatio-temporal dynamics. While eddy covariance (EC) measurements provide valuable insights into ecosystem-scale CH₄ fluxes (FCH₄) over mire areas typically &lt; 0.05 km², the predictability of FCH₄ at the mesoscale (∼0.5 – 20 km²) of a mire complex based on single-site EC measurements has not been explored. In this study, we utilized a network of four EC towers and developed a machine learning approach that integrates these EC data with comprehensive spatial information on drivers to predict FCH₄ across a boreal mire complex in Northern Sweden. For this purpose, environmental driver variables were mapped and area-weighted within dynamic EC flux footprints and related to FCH₄ in a spatially-explicit random forest model (‘footprint-based model’). For comparison, we also considered a standard random forest model used for gapfilling of FCH₄ data that is based on environmental measurements from fixed sensor locations (‘biomet model’). For both models, variable importance analysis revealed NDVI as the strongest predictor of temporal FCH₄ patterns, followed by air pressure, soil temperature and water table. Adjusting for site-specific carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratios substantially improved model performance. Both models significantly improved estimates of the mire complex average FCH₄ compared to simple extrapolation of single-site measurements, reducing the uncertainty from ∼22 % in 2022 and 32 % in 2023 to &lt;10 % and &lt;25 % for the footprint-based model, and to &lt;11 % and &lt;30 % for the biomet model, respectively. Overall, our findings suggest that the comprehensive spatially-resolved driver information resulted in only marginally improved model performance at our study site. In comparison, the biomet model offers practical advantages through simpler implementation and wider applicability. However, we encourage testing the footprint-based model approach at other more heterogenous sites where it might become superior due to its ability to account for complex site conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 111002"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and performance evaluation of a UAV-relayed LoRaWAN network for microclimate monitoring of standing live trees in forests","authors":"Yuewei Ma ,&nbsp;Yuan He ,&nbsp;Wenbin Li ,&nbsp;Qingsong Li ,&nbsp;Heng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective monitoring of forest microclimates—including tree, soil, and atmospheric conditions—is essential for understanding ecosystem dynamics and advancing forest management. Yet, in dense or primary forests, traditional wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and existing IoT systems are limited by signal attenuation, restricted range, energy demands, and insufficient sensing depth. Integrated systems capable of stable wireless communication and environmental monitoring, together with evaluation of RF signals, remain lacking. Potential coupling between signal behavior and microclimate is also underexplored. This study proposes and evaluates an AI–IoT framework tailored to a closed-canopy forest stand, composed of: (1) multi-source nodes that monitor trunk, soil, and air microclimate variables while recording RSSI for link-quality tracking; (2) a UAV-relayed LoRaWAN system in which a UAV-mounted gateway ascends from the forest floor to above the canopy, enabling height-resolved propagation analysis and modeling of RSSI as a function of distance and elevation; and (3) a cloud-based platform that receives data streams and supports environmental monitoring and short-term forecasting via LSTM models. Field experiments at the study stand showed that elevating the UAV gateway to 50 m improved RSSI by &gt;30 dB and reduced packet loss from over 60 % to below 5 % over ∼1 km. The LSTM model achieved high predictive fidelity for temperature- and humidity-related variables, with mean absolute percentage errors typically below 5 %, while soil and intermittent meteorological variables exhibited moderate to lower accuracy. By jointly analyzing RSSI and co-located microclimate observations within the above-canopy clearance zone characteristic of the Baicaowa stand, the framework provides preliminary, site-specific evidence of short-term coupling between signal strength and the thermo-hydric state of trees and soils. These relationships remain correlative and specific to the monitored stand and period, and their generality and causal mechanisms will require cross-site, multi-season, and experimental validation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50839,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Forest Meteorology","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 110968"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145657988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}