Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine最新文献

Introduction and objective: Poultry meat is one of the most consume meat worldwide. Customers perceive this kind of product as nutritious and convenient. Although it is considered healthy food, there are wide concerns regarding chemical and biological contaminants. Poultry meat is considered as the most important source of human campylobacteriosis, caused by Campylobacter spp. a dangerous foodborne pathogen. Moreover, the high content of protein and free amino acids in poultry meat predisposes this type of food to the occurrence of biogenic amines. In stored meat, the most prevalent diamines are putrescine and cadaverine that can be quality index for manufacture and hygiene practice.

Objective: Taking into account that Campylobacter spp. is able to form putrescine in the metabolic pathway, the objective of the study was evaluation of the influence of Campylobacter spp. presence on putrescine quantity.

Material and methods: Fifty-six samples of poultry meat were investigated by determining the presence of Campylobacter spp., according to the ISO Standard. In parallel, high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a UV/VIS DAD detector was performed.

Results: The vast majority of samples (70%) were contaminated with Campylobacter spp. The pathogen prevalence ranged from 46.7% - 87.5%, for turkey and duck meat, respectively. Putrescine level varied from undetected values to 323.17 ± 0.05 mg kg-1. The highest putrescine concentration was noted in turkey meat.

Conclusions: The results proved that fresh poultry meat is often contaminated with Campylobacter spp. and putrescine that decreases the quality, and constitutes public health hazard. However, putrescine concentrations were not affected by Campylobacter spp. occurrence. In order to ensure safety and protect from this kind of contamination, good hygiene practices at all stages of the poultry meat chain are essential.

Introduction: Neoehrlichia mikurensis is an emerging pathogen increasingly detected in ticks, animals, and humans. The study aimed to investigate the presence and phylogenetic diversity of Ixodes ricinus ticks in the Subcarpathian Region.

Material and methods: Of the 412 ticks collected from forest and meadow habitats, 240 specimens underwent molecular analysis for presence of N. mikurensis using microfluidic real-time PCR. Selected amplicons were sequenced to preform phylogenetic analysis of the groEL gene.

Results: N. mikurensis infection was confirmed in 6.35% of female and 2.38% of male ticks, with no significant differences in the prevalence between habitats. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a low genetic diversity N. mikurensis.

Conclusions: The findings confirm the infection of I. ricinus ticks with N. mikurensis in the studied region. The studied N. mikurensis groEL gene sequences showed low genetic variation, identical to other populations in Poland and Europe.

Introduction and objective: Attitudes toward seniors are indicators of the quality of relations in society. Nationality and place of residence may be the factors that differentiate these attitudes. The aim of the study was to discover whether there are differences in attitudes towards seniors depending on the place of residence and nationality, with reference to Poland-Belarus.

Material and methods: The study included a group of 881 people (527 Poles and 354 Belarusians) with the variable of place of residence. The Scale of Attitudes Toward Seniors (SPWS) developed by J. Lukasiewicz and W. Kowalski was used.

Results: Poles scored significantly higher than Belarusians on the Respect and Support scale - 4.60 ± 0.59 versus 4.39 ± 0.64 (p<0.001), as well as on the Rejection and Misunderstanding scale - 3.62 ± 0.66 versus 3.45 ± 0.63 (p<0.001). In contrast, on the Social Distance scale, Belarusians had average scores of 2.91 ± 0.56, which were significantly higher than those of Poles (p<0.001). Two-factor ANOVA also showed statistically significant differences on the Respect and Support scale, taking into consideration nationality (p=0.005) and place of residence (p<0.001), as well as in the Rejection and Misunderstanding scale by nationality (p=0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the Rejection and Misunderstanding scale by place of residence (p=0.664).

Conclusions: Improving the quality of life and standards of care for the elderly is conducive to shaping positive attitudes between generations. Cultural patterns, such as the image of the family and ways of communication in intergenerational relationships, are important for building the correct image of older people and their role in society. Awareness of the changes that occur in old age may be important for shaping the positive image of seniors among the young generation.

Introduction and objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing concern for public health, affecting approximately 20% of pregnancies globally. This underscores an urgent need for improved diagnostic and management strategies. This study examines the relationship between trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and its precursor trimethylamine (TMA) levels and GDM, aiming to deepen our understanding of GDM's pathophysiology and identify novel therapeutic targets.

Material and methods: The meta-analysis adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library electronic databases were comprehensively searched up to 11 July 2024.

Results: The analysis included five studies, encompassing a total of 1,726 participants. The studies reported TMAO levels among GDM and non-GDM patients. The reported TMAO levels among GDM and non-GDM patients were 57.66 ± 42.2 and 47.94 ± 30.86, respectively (SMD = -0.49; 95%CI: -2.69 to 1.71; p = 0.66). However, TMA levels in the GDM group (224.28 ± 39.88) were statistically higher than in the non-GDM group (124.05 ± 21.93; SMD = 3.11; 95%CI: 2.84 to 3.37; p<0.001).

Conclusions: The best available evidence indicates that while TMA levels are significantly increased in GDM, TMAO does not seem to have a diagnostic role in gestational diabetes mellitus. More prospective trials evaluating TMA and TMAO values among pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus are required.

Introduction and Objective. Manifestations of infection caused by Borrelia miyamotoi can mimic highly variable symptoms of Lyme borreliosis. The aim of the study was to detect DNA from B. miyamotoi samples from patients with suspected neuroborreliosis. Materials and Method. Samples of blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were collected from 133 patients. Diagnosis was established by the detection of specific antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) with ELISA and immunoblot. All Borrelia-positive samples were tested by nested PCR for the B. miyamotoi and B. burgdorferi s.l. DNA. Results. B. miyamotoi DNA was detected in the CSF of one (0.8%) patient. DNA of B. burgdorferi s.l. was not found in any samples. Conclusions. Detection of the B. miyamotoi in patients with central nervous system infections expand the development of knowledge on infections caused by Borrelia spirochetes.

Introduction and objective: The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may help in the treatment of organophosphates poisoning, including Pirymiphos methyl (PM). However, there is no information on the effect of NAC on target cholinesterases during the core treatment with atropine and obidoxime after acute and chronic exposure to PM. The impact was investigated of NAC on the functional status of target cholinesterases in the brain and blood during treatment with atropine (ATR) and/or obidoxime (OBID) in PM-induced toxicity.

Material and methods: All experiments were performed on Male Swiss mice. The animals were intoxicated with PM and treated with OBID and/or ATR with or without and NAC, in various combinations (with 2-3 drugs) used simultaneously after intoxication. Total acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in brain and blood and plasma butyrylcholinesterase activity (BChE) were monitored at 2 and 72 h after intoxication. Enzyme activity was determined using Ellman's colorimetric method.

Results: The applied therapies with OBID, ATR and NAC in various configurations significantly reactivated PM-inhibited AChE in the brain and erythrocytes and the BChE in the plasma. The benefits of NAC administration in combination with ATR and/or OBID therapy have also been reported to restore AChE activity in the brain. NAC may reduce the dose of ATR in the treatment of PM poisoning.

Conclusions: Adjunctive treatment offered by NAC can reduce or prevent the deleterious effects against PM-induced toxicity. Therefore, NAC remains a strong candidate for adjunct treatment for OP-poisoning, including PM, although additional preclinical and clinical studies are needed.

Introduction and objective: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, both in Poland and globally. Despite the increasing incidence of breast cancer and the increase in research on Google Trends, there is little research on the application of this tool regarding oncology topics using key words in Polish. There is also a lack of research that focuses explicitly on breast cancer and prevention key words, which creates a need to fill this gap. The aim of the study is to analyse trends in Internet user interest in breast cancer and prevention in Poland between 2013-2023, based on the Google Trends tool.

Material and methods: An analysis of search terms used by Polish Internet users for topics related to breast cancer and prevention in 2013-2023, using the Google Trends tool.

Results: Significant changes in the interest of Polish Internet users in selected issues related to breast cancer and its prevention in Poland between 2013 and 2023 were demonstrated. A clear decrease in interest in the key words was noted in the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions: A clear upward trend was shown between 2013-2023 in Poland in interest in the key words: 'mammography', 'breast ultrasound', 'breast examination', 'MRI', and 'breast biopsy'. The lowest interest for 9 of the 14 key words was recorded in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. For 7 of the 14 key words, the highest interest (100 on the GT scale) was recorded in the month of October. Google Trends can be used to track public interest in breast cancer and screening in real time.

Introduction and objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the use of intraoperative fluorescence with 5-ALA on the scope on the resection and the results of the treatment of patients. Despite the continuous development of new oncological treatments, surgical resection remains the basis for treating high-grade gliomas. For this reason, methods are introduced to facilitate the removal of the tumour in a maximally complete and safe manner for the patient.

Material and methods: The effects were examined of intraoperative fluorescence using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). The volumetric extent of resection and the outcome of 39 cases of patients with high-grade gliomas operated on using intraoperative fluorescence were compared with 5-ALA and patients undergoing resection using a white-light microscope.

Results: The use of 5-ALA during the procedure increased the extent of resection compared to procedures under white light: - 96.14% vs. 90.69%. Interestingly, when focused on recurrent high-grade gliomas, better results were observed for the white-light group. There was also an improvement in the overall survival (OS) of patients operated on with 5-ALA (p=0.0485). OS for the study group was 9.97 months compared to 6.40 months for the control group.

Conclusions: Based on the observations, the use of 5-ALA in surgery for high-grade gliomas allows for an increase in the extent of resection performed and an improvement in patient prognosis. Moreover, the use of 5-ALA shows better results for primary tumours when compared to recurrent ones (p<0.0001 for primary gliomas).

Introduction and objective: The review aimed to consider evidence of the effectiveness of using mineral waters in the rehabilitation of patients who have had a coronavirus disease.

Review methods: The study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023438740). Relevant studies were systematically reviewed, based on randomized controlled trials with meta-analysis that included at least one group receiving mineral waters (MW). General scientific papers and regulatory documents on health care in Ukraine, including rehabilitation and resort resources, and rehabilitation protocols after the coronavirus disease, were also used for the analysis. Search for articles and other scientific works published in English and Ukrainian from 1994 to 5 February 2023, was conducted in the following databases: Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Dual data abstraction, quality assessment, and strength of evidence was also performeds. The results were evaluated of using various mineral waters in the rehabilitation of patients with complications of COVID-19 disease.

Brief description of the state of knowledge: Most of the studies (28%) are devoted to the use of mineral waters for complications of the respiratory system. 12% of papers were devoted to the pathology of the musculoskeletal system, 10% to chronic fatigue (asthenia), anxiety-depressive, and other neuropsychiatric disorders, 9% to еру cardiovascular system, and 8% to dermatological problems.

Summary: Differentiated use of balneotherapy, considering the composition of MW, temperature, and the frequency of their application, allows for increasing the effectiveness of rehabilitation of post-Covid-19 complications of various organs and systems of the body.

Introduction and objective: Although monofloral honeys are regarded as more valuable than multifloral types, they lack a clear uniform definition in European countries concerning the proportions of predominant pollen types. In addition, honey contains various secondary plant metabolites, enzymes and co-enzymes, which provide health-promoting properties; however, it can also accumulate heavy metals and pesticide residues.

Review methods: A literature review was performed using the databases PubMed, Google Scholar concerning the content of metals in the soil, flower and bee pollen in varietal honey. Literature was collected on the influence of pesticides contained in honey on their impact on the human health. Own research selected three varieties of Polish monofloral honey (linden, black locust, rapeseed), which were analyzed using a spectrometer to determine the concentration Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Zn.

Brief description of the state of knowledge: Literature data indicate that a polluted or treated environment can contribute to the accumulation of inter alia heavy metals and pesticides in pollen, honey, beeswax, and the honeybee itself. Such contamination is influenced by various environmental factors, e.g. contaminants from the flower can be passed to the bee though contact with contaminated pollen and incorporated in honey. However, in the monofloral honeys analysed in this study, there were combinations of health-promoting elements that exert synergistic effects.

Summary: The results obtained provide new qualitative and quantitative data on the composition and potential contamination of varietal honeys over the past 10 years, a period characterised by legislative changes aimed at reducing pesticide and metal contamination of terrestrial ecosystems.