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Role of diet in primary and secondary prevention of periodontitis and non-specific inflammatory bowel diseases. Part II. 饮食在牙周炎和非特异性炎症性肠病的一级和二级预防中的作用。第二部分.
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Epub Date: 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/190438
Małgorzata Goździewska, Aleksandra Łyszczarz, Monika Kaczoruk, Emilia Kolarzyk

Introduction and objective: Both periodontitis and non-specific bowel diseases (IBD) are complex chronic diseases, and the elements connecting them are the dysregulated microbiota and abnormal immune response of the host. In turn, in the etiology of these diseases, the common environmental risk factor is improper mode of nutrition. The aim of the study is to review nutritional interventions and effective nutritional protocols applied in periodontitis and IBD. The result of the review will be identification of dietary recommendations exerting a beneficial effect on the reduction of the risk of development and alleviation of the severity of both diseases. At the same time, non-recommended dietary choices will be indicated.

Review methods: A review of literature was carried out using the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Publications were analyzed by a non-systematic literature review aimed at making a brief synthesis of the collected information.

Brief description of the state of knowledge: Diets recommended to patients with both periodontitis and IBD included the Mediterranean diet, DASH diet and vegetarian diet; excluding veganism, raw foodism and fruitarianism. For patients with IBD, special dietary recommendations were elaborated on the recommendations of the International Organization for Research into Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IOIBD), and specific diets, i.e. specific carbohydrate diet (SCD), and Groningen anti-inflammatory diet (GrAID). In the process of treatment of oral and intestinal dysbiosis, probiotic therapy is beneficial in both diseases, specified as the Western diet. Non-conventional diets are not recommended.

Summary: Diet therapy for inflammatory periodontal diseases and IBD requires extensive individualization; nevertheless, a universal principle is avoidance of highly processed food, and implementation of easily digestible meals based on natural, ecological products. Proper nutrition plays a crucial role in primary prevention of both diseases analyzed, whereas in secondary prevention, diet therapy is a valuable supplementation of pharmacotherapy.

引言和目的:牙周炎和非特异性肠病(IBD)都是复杂的慢性疾病,它们之间的联系是微生物群失调和宿主免疫反应异常。而这些疾病的病因中,共同的环境风险因素是不当的营养方式。本研究的目的是回顾应用于牙周炎和肠道综合征的营养干预措施和有效的营养方案。审查结果将确定对降低这两种疾病的发病风险和减轻其严重程度有益的饮食建议。同时,还将指出不值得推荐的饮食选择:综述方法:使用 PubMed、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 等数据库对文献进行了综述。通过非系统性的文献综述对出版物进行了分析,旨在对收集到的信息进行简要综合:推荐给牙周炎和 IBD 患者的饮食包括地中海饮食、DASH 饮食和素食,但不包括素食主义、生食主义和果食主义。对于 IBD 患者,根据国际炎症性肠病研究组织(IOIBD)的建议制定了特殊饮食建议,以及特定饮食,即特定碳水化合物饮食(SCD)和格罗宁根抗炎饮食(GrAID)。在治疗口腔和肠道菌群失调的过程中,益生菌疗法对这两种疾病都有益处,西方饮食也是如此。小结:炎症性牙周疾病和肠道疾病的饮食治疗需要广泛的个体化;然而,一个普遍的原则是避免食用高度加工的食物,并实施以天然、生态产品为基础的易消化膳食。适当的营养在这两种疾病的一级预防中起着至关重要的作用,而在二级预防中,饮食疗法是药物疗法的重要补充。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of UV-C radiation in inactivation of microorganisms on materials with different surface structures. 紫外线-C 辐射对不同表面结构材料上微生物的灭活效果。
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Epub Date: 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/189695
Rafał L Górny, Małgorzata Gołofit-Szymczak, Andrzej Pawlak, Anna Ławniczek-Wałczyk, Marcin Cyprowski, Agata Stobnicka, Magdalena Płocińska, Joanna Kowalska

Introduction and objective: Ultraviolet light in the UV-C band is known as germicidal radiation and was widely used for both sterilization of the equipment and creation of a sterile environment. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of inactivation of microorganisms deposited on surfaces with various textures by UV-C radiation disinfection devices.

Material and methods: Five microorganisms (3 bacteria, virus, and fungus) deposited on metal, plastic, and glass surfaces with smooth and rough textures were irradiated with UV-C light emitted by low-pressure mercury lamp and ultraviolet emitting diodes (LEDs), from a distance of 0.5 m, 1 m, and 1.5 m to check their survivability after 20-minute exposure.

Results and conclusions: Both tested UV-C sources were effective in inactivation of microorganisms; however, LED emitter was more efficient in this respect than the mercury lamp. The survival rate of microorganisms depended on the UV-C dose, conditioned by the distance from UV-C source being the highest at 0.5 m and the lowest at 1.5 m. For the tested microorganisms, the highest survival rate after UV-C irradiation was usually visible on glass and plastic surfaces. This observation should be considered in all environments where the type of material (from which the elements of technical equipment are manufactured and may be contaminated by specific activities) is important for maintaining the proper level of hygiene and avoiding the unwanted and uncontrolled spread of microbiological pollution.

导言和目的:紫外线-C 波段的紫外线被称为杀菌辐射,广泛用于设备消毒和创造无菌环境。本研究旨在评估紫外线-C 辐射消毒装置对沉积在不同质地表面的微生物的灭活效果:用低压汞灯和紫外线发光二极管(LED)发出的紫外线-C 光照射沉积在光滑和粗糙质地的金属、塑料和玻璃表面上的五种微生物(三种细菌、病毒和真菌),照射距离分别为 0.5 米、1 米和 1.5 米,以检测它们在 20 分钟照射后的存活率:测试的两种紫外线-C 光源都能有效灭活微生物,但 LED 发光器在这方面比汞灯更有效。微生物的存活率取决于紫外线-C 的剂量,距离紫外线-C 源 0.5 米处存活率最高,1.5 米处存活率最低。在所有环境中,材料的类型(技术设备元件的制造材料和可能受到特定活动污染的材料)对于保持适当的卫生水平和避免不必要的、不受控制的微生物污染扩散都很重要,因此应考虑到这一观察结果。
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引用次数: 0
The sense of security of Ukrainians and Belarusians studying in Poland. 在波兰学习的乌克兰人和白俄罗斯人的安全感。
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Epub Date: 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/189598
Stanisław Lachowski, Agnieszka Buczaj, Anna Pecyna, Piotr Maksym

Introduction and objective: Due to educational migration to Poland, students from Ukraine and Belarus may experience security to varying degrees. The aim of the study was to check the extent to which people from Ukraine and Belarus studying in Lublin feel safe, taking into account their own life and health. An attempt was also made to establish the relationship between the sense of security and selected features of the surveyed students.

Material and methods: The research was conducted using a survey method among 403 students from Ukraine, Belarus and Poland. Eight independent variables were introduced into the analysis of relationships: gender, age, self-assessment of the financial situation, country of origin, place of origin, place of residence during studies, and year of study. The dependency analysis used Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallisau tests and CATREG optimal scaling analysis.

Results: The study showed that both Polish and foreign students assessed the level of safety in Poland and during their studies in Lublin as high. They feel safer during the day than after dark. Polish students are more afraid of theft, rape and being hit by a car than students from Belarus and Ukraine, and students from Ukraine are more afraid of verbal abuse. The predictors influencing students' sense of insecurity are, among others, their financial situation and gender.

Conclusions: The conducted research and analysis of the obtained results suggest that the situation of students from Ukraine and Belarus studying in Lublin, Poland, in terms of safety, is similar to that of Polish students, and even better in some aspects. This result suggests that Lublin is a friendly academic centre for students from across the eastern border of Poland.

引言和目的:由于教育移民到波兰,来自乌克兰和白俄罗斯的学生可能会有不同程度的安全感。本研究的目的是在考虑到学生自身生活和健康的情况下,调查在卢布林学习的乌克兰和白俄罗斯学生的安全感程度。研究还试图确定安全感与被调查学生某些特征之间的关系:研究采用调查法对来自乌克兰、白俄罗斯和波兰的 403 名学生进行了调查。在关系分析中引入了八个自变量:性别、年龄、对财务状况的自我评估、原籍国、原籍地、学习期间的居住地和学习年份。依存关系分析使用了 Wilcoxon 和 Kruskal-Wallisau 检验以及 CATREG 最佳比例分析:研究表明,波兰学生和外国学生对波兰以及在卢布林学习期间的安全程度评价都很高。他们觉得白天比天黑后更安全。与来自白俄罗斯和乌克兰的学生相比,波兰学生更害怕偷窃、强奸和被车撞,而来自乌克兰的学生则更害怕辱骂。影响学生不安全感的预测因素主要是他们的经济状况和性别:研究和分析结果表明,在波兰卢布林学习的乌克兰和白俄罗斯学生的安全状况与波兰学生相似,在某些方面甚至更好。这一结果表明,对于来自波兰东部边境的学生来说,卢布林是一个友好的学术中心。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing a potential therapeutic effect of cannabidiol for lower back pain, requires appropriately designed studies. 要评估大麻二酚对下背痛的潜在治疗效果,需要进行适当设计的研究。
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Epub Date: 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/186635
Josef Finsterer

We read with interest the article by Kulesza et al. about a narrative review on the question of whether cannabidiol is really effective in treating lower back pain [1]. After a literature search using suitable search terms and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, the authors included 10 studies in the analysis [1]. One of the articles included was an editorial and four papers were reviews [1]. Cannabidiol has been found to be ineffective in treating lower back pain and further studies are needed to answer the question of interest. The review is impressive, but several points require discussion.

我们饶有兴趣地阅读了 Kulesza 等人关于大麻二酚是否真的能有效治疗下背痛的叙述性综述文章[1]。在使用合适的检索词进行文献检索并应用纳入和排除标准后,作者将 10 项研究纳入了分析[1]。其中一篇为社论,四篇为综述[1]。研究发现大麻二酚对治疗下背痛效果不佳,需要进一步的研究来回答感兴趣的问题。这篇综述令人印象深刻,但有几点需要讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Lipoid pneumonia induced by aspiration of liquid paraffin. 液体石蜡吸入致脂质性肺炎
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Epub Date: 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/168783
Konrad Siebert, Ewa Jassem, Maria Porzezińska, Małgorzata Jelitto, Weronika Bernard

Introduction: This case report describes a case of exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) resulting from the inhalation of a lipoid substance. Lipoid pneumonia, also known as cholesterol pneumonia or golden pneumonia, is an uncommon inflammatory lung disease characterized by the presence of lipid-laden macrophages in the alveolar walls and lung interstitial tissue. Exogenous lipoid pneumonia occurs when substances containing lipids enter the airways through aspiration or inhalation, triggering an inflammatory response.

Case report: The patient in this case study was an 83-year-old woman with hypertension and diabetes mellitus who had been using paraffin oil as a mouthwash for an extended period. The diagnosis of exogenous lipoid pneumonia was established based on the patient's history of exposure to liquid paraffin oil, typical radiological findings, and histopathological examination.

介绍。本病例报告描述了一例由吸入类脂物质引起的外源性脂质肺炎(ELP)。脂质肺炎,又称胆固醇肺炎或金色肺炎,是一种罕见的肺部炎症性疾病,其特征是肺泡壁和肺间质组织中存在富含脂质的巨噬细胞。外源性类脂性肺炎发生时,含脂物质通过吸入或吸入进入气道,引发炎症反应。病例报告。本病例研究的患者是一名患有高血压和糖尿病的83岁妇女,她长期使用石蜡油作为漱口水。外源性脂质性肺炎的诊断基于患者接触液体石蜡油的病史、典型的放射学表现和组织病理学检查。
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引用次数: 0
Occurrence of Dermacentor reticulatus in central-southern Poland, and potential threats to human and animal health. Dermacentor reticulatus 在波兰中南部的出现以及对人类和动物健康的潜在威胁。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/178401
Alicja Buczek, Weronika Buczek, Maciej Rudek, Marek Asman, Magdalena Świsłocka, Katarzyna Bartosik

Introduction and objective: Dermacentor reticulatus is one of the tick species of the greatest epidemiological importance in Europe. To date, the Eastern European and Western European populations of this tick species have been separated by an area located in Poland where the species has never been found. In this study, newly discovered D. reticulatus localities in areas transformed by human activities in central-southern Poland are described.

Material and methods: The specimens of the ornate dog tick were identified among ticks collected from companion animals in 2010, 2012, 2013, and 2014. They were examined using PCR methods to detect Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., Rickettsia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bartonella spp., Babesia spp., and Toxoplasma gondii. In the case of the positive results, the amplicons were sequenced and examined by a BLAST search.

Results: In total, 6 specimens of D. reticulatus were collected (3 females and 3 males). As declared by the owners, animal hosts stayed in the same area throughout the study period and had never travelled outside their place of residence. As many as 3/6 (50%) of D. reticulatus adults removed from dogs were infected with Rickettsia raoultii.

Conclusions: The results expand the available data on the spread of the ornate dog tick and indicate that, since 2010, this tick species and Rickettsia raoultii transmitted by this tick species have probably been present in this area, which has a strongly transformed agricultural structure and and had previously been regarded as a D. reticulatus-free zone. The presence of the ornate dog tick in urban and suburban habitats in central-southern Poland poses new threats to the health of companion animals and humans associated with the transmission of pathogens by this species.

引言和目的:网斑蜱(Dermacentor reticulatus)是欧洲流行病学上最重要的蜱类之一。迄今为止,这种蜱虫的东欧种群和西欧种群一直被位于波兰的一个从未发现过这种蜱虫的地区分隔开来。本研究描述了在波兰中南部因人类活动而改变的地区新发现的 D. reticulatus:2010 年、2012 年、2013 年和 2014 年从伴侣动物身上采集的蜱虫中鉴定出了华丽狗蜱标本。使用 PCR 方法对这些标本进行了检测,以发现博氏杆菌、立克次体、噬细胞嗜血杆菌、巴顿氏菌、巴贝斯菌和弓形虫。对于阳性结果,对扩增子进行了测序,并通过 BLAST 搜索进行了检验:共采集到 6 个 D. reticulatus 标本(3 个雌性和 3 个雄性)。根据动物主人的申报,动物宿主在整个研究期间都待在同一地区,从未离开过居住地。从狗身上取出的网斑立克次体成虫中有3/6(50%)感染了Rickettsia raoultii:结论:研究结果扩大了有关华丽狗蜱传播的现有数据,并表明自 2010 年以来,该蜱种和由该蜱种传播的 Rickettsia raoultii 很可能已在该地区出现。波兰中南部城市和郊区栖息地出现的华丽狗蜱对伴侣动物和人类的健康构成了新的威胁,这与该物种传播病原体有关。
{"title":"Occurrence of <i>Dermacentor reticulatus</i> in central-southern Poland, and potential threats to human and animal health.","authors":"Alicja Buczek, Weronika Buczek, Maciej Rudek, Marek Asman, Magdalena Świsłocka, Katarzyna Bartosik","doi":"10.26444/aaem/178401","DOIUrl":"10.26444/aaem/178401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and objective: </strong><i>Dermacentor reticulatus</i> is one of the tick species of the greatest epidemiological importance in Europe. To date, the Eastern European and Western European populations of this tick species have been separated by an area located in Poland where the species has never been found. In this study, newly discovered <i>D. reticulatus</i> localities in areas transformed by human activities in central-southern Poland are described.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The specimens of the ornate dog tick were identified among ticks collected from companion animals in 2010, 2012, 2013, and 2014. They were examined using PCR methods to detect <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> s.l., <i>Rickettsia</i> spp., <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i>, <i>Bartonella</i> spp., <i>Babesia</i> spp., and<i> Toxoplasma gondii</i>. In the case of the positive results, the amplicons were sequenced and examined by a BLAST search.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 6 specimens of <i>D. reticulatus</i> were collected (3 females and 3 males). As declared by the owners, animal hosts stayed in the same area throughout the study period and had never travelled outside their place of residence. As many as 3/6 (50%) of <i>D. reticulatus</i> adults removed from dogs were infected with <i>Rickettsia raoultii</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results expand the available data on the spread of the ornate dog tick and indicate that, since 2010, this tick species and <i>Rickettsia raoultii</i> transmitted by this tick species have probably been present in this area, which has a strongly transformed agricultural structure and and had previously been regarded as a <i>D. reticulatus</i>-free zone. The presence of the ornate dog tick in urban and suburban habitats in central-southern Poland poses new threats to the health of companion animals and humans associated with the transmission of pathogens by this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":50970,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140319789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prospective assessment of functional and clinical results of surgical patellar stabilization in rural and urban populations. Equal chance to success? 对城乡居民髌骨稳定手术的功能和临床效果进行前瞻性评估。成功机会均等?
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Epub Date: 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/178137
Jacek Walawski, Oliwer Sygacz, Martyna Jarocka, Tomasz Sacewicz

Introduction and objective: Patella dislocation represents 3.3% of all knee injuries often leading to persistent instability. Medial patello-femoral ligament(MPFL) reconstruction is the standard method of treatment in the patellar instability. Rehabilitation after MPFL-R is a long and demanding procedure. The hypothesis presented reflects the idea that despite relatively good access to hospital care and surgical options, the post-operative rehabilitation care system is still inferior in rural areas versus the one offered in major cities and towns.

Material and methods: Between January 2015 - January 2018, 47 patients met the study inclusion criteria, diagnosed and operated on due to patellar instability. 8 patients were lost for full follow-up. Finally, 39 patients were included, divided into two groups - group A (19 from cities), group B (20 from rural area). Prospective KOOS and Kujala scales assessments were conducted: preoperative, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Knee isokinetic muscle strength was measured at 3 stages; prior to surgery, 6 and 12 months after reconstruction.

Results: All patients showed significant improvement measured in the KOOS and Kujala scales after the procedure, compared to the pre-operational results. Despite equal clinical improvement, patients from Group A(city) achieved better functional outcomes as presented in the results of knee extensor functional tests using a Biodex dynamometer.

Conclusions: Rehabilitation after MPFL reconstruction improves muscle strength and clinical outcome. Patients from rural areas had inferior functional results in comparison to the patients from major cities, even 12 months after surgical patella stabilization. Despite the development of roads and transport according to the EU cohesion policy, there are still differences in rehabilitation results between rural and city areas.

引言和目的:髌骨脱位占膝关节损伤总数的 3.3%,通常会导致持续性不稳定。髌骨-股内侧韧带(MPFL)重建是治疗髌骨不稳的标准方法。MPFL-R术后康复是一个漫长而艰巨的过程。本文提出的假设反映了这样一种观点,即尽管医院护理和手术选择相对较好,但农村地区的术后康复护理系统仍不如大城市和城镇:2015 年 1 月至 2018 年 1 月间,47 名患者符合研究纳入标准,因髌骨不稳而被诊断并接受手术。8名患者失去了全面随访的机会。最后,39 名患者被纳入研究,分为两组--A 组(19 名来自城市)和 B 组(20 名来自农村)。分别在术前、术后 6 个月和 12 个月进行了前瞻性 KOOS 和 Kujala 量表评估。在手术前、重建后 6 个月和 12 个月的三个阶段测量了膝关节等速肌力:结果:与术前结果相比,所有患者术后的 KOOS 和 Kujala 量表均有明显改善。尽管临床改善程度相同,但A组(城市)患者在使用Biodex测力计进行的膝关节伸肌功能测试结果中获得了更好的功能结果:结论:MPFL重建术后的康复治疗可改善肌肉力量和临床效果。结论:MPFL 重建后的康复治疗可提高肌肉力量和临床疗效。与来自大城市的患者相比,来自农村地区的患者即使在手术稳定髌骨 12 个月后,其功能效果也不如来自大城市的患者。尽管根据欧盟团结政策发展了道路和交通,但农村和城市地区的康复效果仍存在差异。
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引用次数: 0
Registered incidence of acute upper respiratory tract infections diagnosed by primary care physicians in Poland - 5-year retrospective analysis of the national health insurance database. 波兰初级保健医生诊断的急性上呼吸道感染登记发病率--对国家医疗保险数据库的五年回顾性分析。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/183993
Iwona Paciepnik, Agata Bąk, Katarzyna Leoszkiewicz, Adam Windak, Tomasz Madej, Oleszczyk Marek, Krzysztof Studziński, Tomasz Tomasik

Introduction and objective: Upper respiratory tract infection (URTIs), caused by a variety of viruses and sometimes by bacteria, represents the most common acute illness in primary health care. The aim of the study was to explore the registered incidence of URTIs in Poland in the period between 2015-2019, and its burden on the health care system.

Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out of all medical encounters in Poland registered within the national billing database of public healthcare services. Medical services provided due to acute URTIs were classified according to the ICD-10 codes. Registered Incidence Rate (RIR) was calculated yearly, in a 100,000 population. A generalised additive model was used to calculate the Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR).

Results: In the analysed 5-year period, acute URTI was diagnosed in 24.3 million patients (61.7% of the whole population registered in PHC). The RIR of all acute URTIs in PHC was 50,762/100,000/year. Nearly 99% of consultations in this group of patients were provided by PHC physicians. Only 0.8% were referred to an OSC consultation and 0.4% were hospitalised. In PHC, indeterminate URTIs were most frequently diagnosed. The estimated IRR for children aged 1-4 years was 1.65 (95% CI: 1.64; 1.66, p<0.01) and for men 0.79 (95% CI: 0.79; 0.79; p<0.01). In the studied period, the number of patients consulted for acute URTI decreased slightly in PHC, but significantly in specialist services.

Conclusions: The registered incidence of URTIs in Poland burdens mainly PHC physicians. Women and children aged 1-4 years are more frequent users of medical services related to URTIs. It appears that strategies for increasing patient empowerment to provide efficient self-care reducing the utilisation of PHC services are needed.

导言和目的:上呼吸道感染(URTIs)由多种病毒引起,有时也由细菌引起,是初级卫生保健中最常见的急性疾病。本研究旨在探讨 2015-2019 年期间波兰登记的 URTI 发病率及其对医疗保健系统造成的负担:对波兰公共医疗保健服务国家计费数据库中登记的所有医疗事件进行了回顾性分析。因急性尿路感染而提供的医疗服务根据 ICD-10 编码进行分类。每年以 10 万人口为单位计算登记发病率 (RIR)。采用广义相加模型计算发病率比(IRR):在分析的 5 年期间,有 2430 万名患者(占初级保健中心登记人口总数的 61.7%)被诊断为急性尿路感染。在初级保健中心就诊的所有急性尿路感染患者中,发病率为 50,762 例/100,000 人/年。这组患者中近 99% 的咨询由初级保健中心的医生提供。只有0.8%的患者被转诊到门诊部就诊,0.4%的患者住院治疗。在初级保健中心,不确定的尿路感染最常被诊断出来。1-4岁儿童的估计IRR为1.65(95% CI:1.64;1.66,p结论:波兰登记的尿路感染发病率主要给初级保健医生带来了负担。妇女和 1-4 岁儿童更经常使用与尿路感染相关的医疗服务。看来有必要制定战略,增强患者的能力,使其能够提供高效的自我护理,从而减少对初级保健服务的使用。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of functional efficiency and risk of falls in patients with different types of dementia - preliminary observations. 不同类型痴呆症患者的功能效率和跌倒风险分析--初步观察。
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Epub Date: 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/168787
Magdalena Zawadzka, Joanna Kozłowska, Ewelina Ejchman-Pac, Gabriela Henrykowska, Małgorzata Lewicka

Introduction and objective: Dementia is a multifactorial neurological disease that affects 50 million people worldwide. It is a disorder that impairs cognitive functions, functional efficiency, balance and gait. It contributes to an increased risk of falls, reduces independence in everyday activities and deepens disability. The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between dementia and independence related to functional efficiency and risk of falls in the elderly.

Material and methods: The eligibility criterion for participation in the study was age over 60, the presence of cognitive disorders, including dementia, and the ability to move with the use of orthopaedic equipment or independently. A total of 51 people participated in the study, including 13 people who underwent rehabilitation procedures. Each subject was evaluated once for cognitive abilities using two types of tests: the ADL scale, MMSE (Mini-Mental state Examination) and three physical fitness tests: SPPB (Short Physical Performance Battery), TUG (Timed Up & Go) and FRT (Functional Reach Test).

Results: The average score of the MMSE test was 13.29±6.23 points, the average of the ADL scale was 4.20±1.23 points. A positive correlation was found between the level of dementia and the independence of the examined person, as well as a positive relationship between the MMSE test and the result of the Functional Reach Test, and the relationship between the ADL scale and the SPPB and 'Get-Up and Go' tests.

Conclusions: It has been demonstrated inter alia that static balance and functional efficiency depends on the patient's independence in everyday activities, and the level of dementia may suggest the patient's dynamic balance. In addition, the need for a broader analysis of targeted studies was recognized to confirm the conclusions obtained.

导言和目的:痴呆症是一种多因素神经系统疾病,影响着全球 5000 万人。它是一种损害认知功能、功能效率、平衡和步态的疾病。它增加了跌倒的风险,降低了日常活动的独立性,并加深了残疾程度。本研究旨在调查老年痴呆症与老年人功能效率和跌倒风险相关的独立性之间的相关性:参与研究的资格标准是年龄超过 60 岁、存在认知障碍(包括痴呆症)以及能够借助矫形设备或独立移动。共有 51 人参与了研究,其中 13 人接受了康复治疗。每位受试者都接受了一次认知能力评估,评估使用两种测试:ADL量表、MMSE(迷你精神状态检查)和三种体能测试:结果:MMSE测试的平均得分为(13.29±6.23)分,ADL量表的平均得分为(4.20±1.23)分。痴呆程度与受检者的独立性之间呈正相关,MMSE 测试与功能性前伸测试结果之间呈正相关,ADL 量表与 SPPB 和 "起立和行走 "测试之间呈正相关:结论:研究表明,静态平衡和功能效率取决于患者在日常活动中的独立性,而痴呆程度可能会影响患者的动态平衡。此外,还认识到有必要对有针对性的研究进行更广泛的分析,以确认所获得的结论。
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引用次数: 0
Red LED light therapy for telogen effluvium in the course of long COVID in patients with and without androgenetic alopecia 红光 LED 光疗法治疗雄激素性脱发和非雄激素性脱发患者长 COVID 过程中的毛囊性脱发
IF 1.7 4区 医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.26444/aaem/177238
A. Gerkowicz, J. Bartosińska, P. Krakowski, R. Karpiński, D. Krasowska, Dorota Raczkiewicz, Mirosław Kwaśny, Dorota Krasowska
Introduction and Objective . Photobiomodulation with the use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) seems to be a promising option for long COVID. This retrospective study evaluates the efficiency of LED irradiation in the treatment of TE in the course of long COVID in patients with and without androgenetic alopecia. Materials and methods. A retrospective single-centre chart review of patients with post-COVID hair loss was performed. 140 patients enrolled to the study were divided into four groups depending on the type of alopecia and treatment: 1) telogen effluvium with LED therapy (TE LED+), 2) telogen effluvium without LED therapy (TE LED-), 3) telogen effluvium and androgenetic alopecia with LED therapy (TE+AGA LED+), and 4) telogen effluvium and androgenetic alopecia without LED therapy (TE+AGA LED-). Clinical and trichoscopic parameters were compared. Results . After 12 weeks, cessation of hair loss and a negative hair pull test were more common in TE LED+ and TE+AGA LED+ in comparison to the patients without LED therapy (p<0.001, p=0.035, respectively). An increased number of thick hairs and an increased number of hairs within follicular units were more common in patients treated with LED irradiation, regardless of the type of alopecia, compared to the patients without LED therapy. Conclusions . The study revealed that LED therapy is safe, well tolerated and seems to be a promising therapeutic option for TE in patients with long COVID. It can be used as adjuvant therapy leading to faster reduction of hair loss, enhancing hair regrowth as well as hair shaft thickness and density.
引言和目的 .使用发光二极管(LED)进行光生物调制似乎是治疗长COVID的一种很有前景的方法。这项回顾性研究评估了 LED 照射治疗 TE 在雄激素性脱发患者和非雄激素性脱发患者长 COVID 病程中的疗效。材料与方法。该研究对 COVID 后脱发患者进行了回顾性单中心病历审查。根据脱发类型和治疗方法将 140 名患者分为四组:1) 毛囊性脱发,采用LED疗法(TE LED+);2) 毛囊性脱发,不采用LED疗法(TE LED-);3) 毛囊性脱发和雄激素性脱发,采用LED疗法(TE+AGA LED+);4) 毛囊性脱发和雄激素性脱发,不采用LED疗法(TE+AGA LED-)。比较了临床和毛囊镜参数。结果 .12 周后,与未接受 LED 治疗的患者相比,TE LED+ 和 TE+AGA LED+ 的脱发停止率和头发拉力测试阴性率更高(分别为 p<0.001 和 p=0.035)。与未接受 LED 治疗的患者相比,无论脱发类型如何,接受 LED 照射治疗的患者中,毛囊单位内粗毛发数量增加和毛囊单位内毛发数量增加的情况更常见。结论 .研究表明,LED疗法安全、耐受性好,似乎是治疗长COVID患者TE的一种很有前途的疗法。它可作为辅助疗法使用,能更快地减少脱发,促进头发再生,增加发干厚度和密度。
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Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
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