Pub Date : 2025-06-18DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152693
Seong-Kyu Choi , Jin Seo Park , Hongtae Kim , Joe Iwanaga , R. Shane Tubbs , Mi-Sun Hur
Background
The iliopatellar band (IPB) is an anterior extension of the iliotibial tract (ITT) that has been described as contributing to lateral knee stability. This study aimed to investigate the anatomical features of the IPB, focusing on its branching pattern from the ITT, the extent of patellar coverage, and its attachment.
Methods
We examined 64 specimens among 39 embalmed adult South Korean cadavers through dissection, microcomputed tomography, and sectioned images.
Results
The IPB consistently covered the patella and the patellar tendon but to different extents. Micro-CT revealed the division of the IPB into external and internal layers, each possibly having specific functions in force distribution and knee stability. The lateral patellofemoral ligament joined the internal layer or continuously attached to the lateral border of the patella, which possibly may assist in maintaining patellar alignment.
Conclusions
These anatomical insights into the layered configuration and attachments of the IPB may support a better understanding of knee biomechanics and surgical approaches, particularly in the context of ITT tightness and lateral patellar tracking.
{"title":"Anatomical analysis of dual iliopatellar band layers: Implication for knee joint stability","authors":"Seong-Kyu Choi , Jin Seo Park , Hongtae Kim , Joe Iwanaga , R. Shane Tubbs , Mi-Sun Hur","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The iliopatellar band (IPB) is an anterior extension of the iliotibial tract (ITT) that has been described as contributing to lateral knee stability. This study aimed to investigate the anatomical features of the IPB, focusing on its branching pattern from the ITT, the extent of patellar coverage, and its attachment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined 64 specimens among 39 embalmed adult South Korean cadavers through dissection, microcomputed tomography, and sectioned images.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The IPB consistently covered the patella and the patellar tendon but to different extents. Micro-CT revealed the division of the IPB into external and internal layers, each possibly having specific functions in force distribution and knee stability. The lateral patellofemoral ligament joined the internal layer or continuously attached to the lateral border of the patella, which possibly may assist in maintaining patellar alignment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These anatomical insights into the layered configuration and attachments of the IPB may support a better understanding of knee biomechanics and surgical approaches, particularly in the context of ITT tightness and lateral patellar tracking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 152693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144337257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-16DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152691
Łukasz Olewnik , Ingrid C. Landfald , Aleksandra Kajkowska-Szabert , George Triantafyllou , Maria Piagkou
Introduction
The soleus muscle, a deep postural component of the triceps surae complex, plays a fundamental role in human bipedal locomotion and venous return. Despite its clinical and functional importance, it remains underrepresented in comparative anatomical literature. Morphological and functional variations across species reveal crucial insights into its evolutionary and biomedical relevance.
Aim
This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the interspecies morphological variability of the soleus muscle, emphasizing its developmental origins, adaptive transformations, clinical significance, and translational potential.
Methods
A comprehensive literature review was conducted, integrating findings from anatomical dissections, histological analyses, embryological studies, imaging data, and evolutionary biology. Representative mammalian species were compared, including humans, primates, cursorial quadrupeds, and arboreal mammals.
Results
The soleus exhibits extensive variation in morphology, fiber-type composition, and functional integration across taxa. In humans, it is hypertrophied and slow-twitch dominant, supporting upright posture and endurance gait. In contrast, the muscle is reduced or absent in cursorial species such as horses. In arboreal mammals, it retains postural function despite its small size. These differences are shaped by embryonic development, phylogenetic lineage, and biomechanical demands.
Conclusion
The soleus muscle is an evolutionarily labile but biomechanically essential structure. Its comparative anatomy provides a unique model for understanding musculoskeletal adaptation, pathology, surgical application, and bioinspired design. Future research should integrate comparative, clinical, and technological approaches to fully exploit its potential.
{"title":"The soleus muscle in comparative anatomy: Morphological variation and functional adaptation across mammals, with clinical insights","authors":"Łukasz Olewnik , Ingrid C. Landfald , Aleksandra Kajkowska-Szabert , George Triantafyllou , Maria Piagkou","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The soleus muscle, a deep postural component of the triceps surae complex, plays a fundamental role in human bipedal locomotion and venous return. Despite its clinical and functional importance, it remains underrepresented in comparative anatomical literature. Morphological and functional variations across species reveal crucial insights into its evolutionary and biomedical relevance.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the interspecies morphological variability of the soleus muscle, emphasizing its developmental origins, adaptive transformations, clinical significance, and translational potential.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature review was conducted, integrating findings from anatomical dissections, histological analyses, embryological studies, imaging data, and evolutionary biology. Representative mammalian species were compared, including humans, primates, cursorial quadrupeds, and arboreal mammals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The soleus exhibits extensive variation in morphology, fiber-type composition, and functional integration across taxa. In humans, it is hypertrophied and slow-twitch dominant, supporting upright posture and endurance gait. In contrast, the muscle is reduced or absent in cursorial species such as horses. In arboreal mammals, it retains postural function despite its small size. These differences are shaped by embryonic development, phylogenetic lineage, and biomechanical demands.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The soleus muscle is an evolutionarily labile but biomechanically essential structure. Its comparative anatomy provides a unique model for understanding musculoskeletal adaptation, pathology, surgical application, and bioinspired design. Future research should integrate comparative, clinical, and technological approaches to fully exploit its potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 152691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152433
Gloria Hohenberger , Niels Hammer , Marco Maier , Michael Pretterklieber , Bettina Pretterklieber
{"title":"Proportional Localisation of the Peroneal Nerve Along the Fibula","authors":"Gloria Hohenberger , Niels Hammer , Marco Maier , Michael Pretterklieber , Bettina Pretterklieber","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152433","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 152433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152430
Jozef Mihalik, Květuše Lovásová, Ingrid Hodorová
{"title":"Expression of SOD1 and SOD2 antioxidant enzymes in rat preimplantation embryos","authors":"Jozef Mihalik, Květuše Lovásová, Ingrid Hodorová","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 152430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152455
Toshiro Ohashi
{"title":"Mechanical Characterization of Diseased Blood Vessel Walls by Using Pipette Aspiration Test and Pressure-Imposed Test","authors":"Toshiro Ohashi","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152455","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 152455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152406
Sara N. Stahley , Jazmin Stenson , Sarah G. Latario , Courtney L. Williams , Valerie A. Trujillo , William Giang
{"title":"Regulation of Planar Cell Polarity by Atypical Cadherin CELSR1","authors":"Sara N. Stahley , Jazmin Stenson , Sarah G. Latario , Courtney L. Williams , Valerie A. Trujillo , William Giang","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152406","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 152406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152445
Roxana Deleanu, Elisabeth Pechriggl, Paul Köfler
{"title":"Self-organising Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Derivatives Model the Developmental Interactions between the Heart and Cranial Peripheral Nervous System","authors":"Roxana Deleanu, Elisabeth Pechriggl, Paul Köfler","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2025.152445","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50974,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Anatomy-Anatomischer Anzeiger","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 152445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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