Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108468
Tobias Bähr, Adriana Bernal-Escobar, Meike Wollni
Exposure to economic incentives such as payments for ecosystem services (PES) can change intrinsic motivations to act pro-environmentally. These so-called crowding effects in PES have been shown to affect pro-environmental behavior of PES-receivers. It is, however, unclear if social norms toward pro-environmental behavior are also susceptible to crowding effects in PES and how these changes could influence pro-environmental behavior in the larger population. We design and implement a modified dictator game with Costa Rican oil palm smallholders to test if crowding effects can change social norms by affecting injunctive normative beliefs of PES-receivers and subsequently the pro-environmental behavior of non-PES-receivers through peer influence. Our results indicate that next to crowding-in pro-environmental behavior of PES-receivers, PES also improve PES-receivers' injunctive normative beliefs toward the behavior. Although we cannot link this improvement to an increase in pro-environmental behavior in non-PES-receivers, peer-to-peer communication of injunctive normative beliefs against pro-environmental behavior does reduce non-PES-receivers' pro-environmental behavior. Jointly, these effects highlight the potential of crowding effects in PES to change social norms.
{"title":"Can payments-for-ecosystem-services change social norms?","authors":"Tobias Bähr, Adriana Bernal-Escobar, Meike Wollni","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to economic incentives such as payments for ecosystem services (PES) can change intrinsic motivations to act pro-environmentally. These so-called crowding effects in PES have been shown to affect pro-environmental behavior of PES-receivers. It is, however, unclear if social norms toward pro-environmental behavior are also susceptible to crowding effects in PES and how these changes could influence pro-environmental behavior in the larger population. We design and implement a modified dictator game with Costa Rican oil palm smallholders to test if crowding effects can change social norms by affecting injunctive normative beliefs of PES-receivers and subsequently the pro-environmental behavior of non-PES-receivers through peer influence. Our results indicate that next to crowding-in pro-environmental behavior of PES-receivers, PES also improve PES-receivers' injunctive normative beliefs toward the behavior. Although we cannot link this improvement to an increase in pro-environmental behavior in non-PES-receivers, peer-to-peer communication of injunctive normative beliefs against pro-environmental behavior does reduce non-PES-receivers' pro-environmental behavior. Jointly, these effects highlight the potential of crowding effects in PES to change social norms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108468"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108448
Charlotte Sophia Bez
This analysis aims at conceptualising the environmental dimension of left-behind places. I argue that implementing environmental inequality concepts into economic geography is pivotal to sharpen the analysis of just transition geographies. Adopting such lens (1) helps to grasp the theoretical underpinnings of environmental inequalities, (2) lays bare the stratification of environmental risks in left-behind places, (3) helps overcome the environment-vs-jobs narrative. Overall, I lay out how environmental inequality exacerbates economic deprivation, together producing and reproducing left-behind places. Taken together, economic geography studies would profit from putting environmental inequality at its core. This conceptualisation has important policy implications around labour-focused just transitions.
{"title":"Conceptualising the environmental dimension of left-behind places","authors":"Charlotte Sophia Bez","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This analysis aims at conceptualising the environmental dimension of left-behind places. I argue that implementing environmental inequality concepts into economic geography is pivotal to sharpen the analysis of just transition geographies. Adopting such lens (1) helps to grasp the theoretical underpinnings of environmental inequalities, (2) lays bare the stratification of environmental risks in left-behind places, (3) helps overcome the environment-vs-jobs narrative. Overall, I lay out how environmental inequality exacerbates economic deprivation, together producing and reproducing left-behind places. Taken together, economic geography studies would profit from putting environmental inequality at its core. This conceptualisation has important policy implications around labour-focused just transitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108448"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108472
Thijs ten Raa, Rob Stahlie
In ten Raa and Stahlie (2024) we showed that the carbon dioxide footprint per euro expenditure decreases with income in the Netherlands. We correct an error in the units. Our conclusion that there is a tradeoff between environmental and income policies stands.
在 ten Raa 和 Stahlie（2024 年）一文中，我们发现在荷兰，每欧元支出的二氧化碳足迹随着收入的增加而减少。我们纠正了单位上的错误。我们的结论是，环境政策和收入政策之间存在权衡。
{"title":"Footprint analysis and the incidence of emission taxes: Corrigendum","authors":"Thijs ten Raa, Rob Stahlie","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In <span><span>ten Raa and Stahlie (2024)</span></span> we showed that the carbon dioxide footprint per euro expenditure decreases with income in the Netherlands. We correct an error in the units. Our conclusion that there is a tradeoff between environmental and income policies stands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 108472"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108453
Haishan Meng , Dewei Yang , Tian Zhou, Shuai Zhang, Min Wan, Yijia Ji, Junmei Zhang, Hang Yang, Ruifang Guo
International trade profoundly impacts global land resource redistribution, creating significant inequalities. However, there is still a considerable gap in studies on land transfer and resulting environmental consequences. This study aims to illuminate inequality patterns by examining the global transfer dynamics of embodied cropland, forestland, and pasture in 2001, 2011, and 2021. The results reveal a notable increase in transfers within developing regions, rising from 21.8 % to 37.1 %. The direction of the largest shifts changed in embodied cropland and forestland. Embodied land outflows from developing regions were mainly related to primary products, while those from developed regions came from manufacturing and services. The carbon losses from trade-induced land use changes indicated that the world experienced an average loss of 37.25 million MgC/yr from carbon sink and 17.60 PgC from carbon storage in 2011. Developing regions not only provided land resources to developed regions but also bore the resulting carbon sink and storage losses. To prevent international trade from worsening regional inequalities and spreading environmental impacts, concerted efforts in improving land-use efficiency and conserving carbon stocks are alternative pathways to foster and promote global sustainability.
{"title":"Carbon loss and inequality exacerbated by embodied land redistribution in international trade","authors":"Haishan Meng , Dewei Yang , Tian Zhou, Shuai Zhang, Min Wan, Yijia Ji, Junmei Zhang, Hang Yang, Ruifang Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>International trade profoundly impacts global land resource redistribution, creating significant inequalities. However, there is still a considerable gap in studies on land transfer and resulting environmental consequences. This study aims to illuminate inequality patterns by examining the global transfer dynamics of embodied cropland, forestland, and pasture in 2001, 2011, and 2021. The results reveal a notable increase in transfers within developing regions, rising from 21.8 % to 37.1 %. The direction of the largest shifts changed in embodied cropland and forestland. Embodied land outflows from developing regions were mainly related to primary products, while those from developed regions came from manufacturing and services. The carbon losses from trade-induced land use changes indicated that the world experienced an average loss of 37.25 million MgC/yr from carbon sink and 17.60 PgC from carbon storage in 2011. Developing regions not only provided land resources to developed regions but also bore the resulting carbon sink and storage losses. To prevent international trade from worsening regional inequalities and spreading environmental impacts, concerted efforts in improving land-use efficiency and conserving carbon stocks are alternative pathways to foster and promote global sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108453"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108456
Hui Mao , Zhenkai Sun , Anyuan Chai , Lan Fang , Chaoqian Shi
We explore how farmers adjust their climate adaptation behaviors and participation in agricultural insurance in response to extreme weather events. A random effects model is constructed to clarify the relationships between extreme weather events, agricultural insurance and climate adaptation technologies (CAT). Using survey data from 622 farmers in China, Probit models and instrumental variable analysis show that extreme weather events significantly increase farmers' adoption of CAT and their participation in agricultural insurance. Furthermore, agricultural insurance significantly promotes farmers' adoption of CAT. Agricultural insurance influences the adoption of CAT through both substitutive and complementary effects, the complementary effects are more pronounced. Therefore, we recommended the continued promotion of CAT and agricultural insurance to strengthen farmers' resilience to extreme weather events.
{"title":"Extreme Weather, agricultural insurance and farmer's climate adaptation technologies adoption in China","authors":"Hui Mao , Zhenkai Sun , Anyuan Chai , Lan Fang , Chaoqian Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We explore how farmers adjust their climate adaptation behaviors and participation in agricultural insurance in response to extreme weather events. A random effects model is constructed to clarify the relationships between extreme weather events, agricultural insurance and climate adaptation technologies (CAT). Using survey data from 622 farmers in China, Probit models and instrumental variable analysis show that extreme weather events significantly increase farmers' adoption of CAT and their participation in agricultural insurance. Furthermore, agricultural insurance significantly promotes farmers' adoption of CAT. Agricultural insurance influences the adoption of CAT through both substitutive and complementary effects, the complementary effects are more pronounced. Therefore, we recommended the continued promotion of CAT and agricultural insurance to strengthen farmers' resilience to extreme weather events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108456"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108466
Paul Hadji-Lazaro
Finance both contributes to environmental degradation and is vulnerable to environmental degradation. This article sets the methodological groundwork for assessing both concerns in an integrated macroaccounting framework. It presents how the combination of environmentally extended Input-Output analysis and balance sheet methods and data can be used to evaluate the contribution of finance to environmental degradation (responsibility) and the vulnerability of finance to environmental risks (exposure). In doing so, the article contributes to the development of a disaggregated ecological macroeconomics integrating monetary and biophysical flows and stocks.
{"title":"Environmental responsibility and exposure of finance: Combining environmentally-extended input-output and balance sheet approaches","authors":"Paul Hadji-Lazaro","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Finance both contributes to environmental degradation and is vulnerable to environmental degradation. This article sets the methodological groundwork for assessing both concerns in an integrated macroaccounting framework. It presents how the combination of environmentally extended Input-Output analysis and balance sheet methods and data can be used to evaluate the contribution of finance to environmental degradation (responsibility) and the vulnerability of finance to environmental risks (exposure). In doing so, the article contributes to the development of a disaggregated ecological macroeconomics integrating monetary and biophysical flows and stocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108466"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108455
Florian Freund, Sakson Soisontes, Verena Laquai, Martin Banse
In Germany and other EU countries, preferences for regional and GMO-free feed can increasingly be observed. Many industries like to brand their dairy, eggs and meat products as produced with regional and GMO-free feed. This – among others – has resulted in decreasing soybean and soybean meal imports from Latin America and the USA over the last couple of years, which are often genetically modified. This pattern is likely to be reinforced in the future. According to a recent Delphi panel, 36 % of German soya imports could realistically be replaced with local GMO-free alternatives in 2030. We show that such a shift in the structure of international protein feed markets has implications for global land use patterns using an economic simulation model. An inward orientation by shortening the feed supply chains will likely increase the pressure on global land use. While land use in Brazil could decrease when soya imports are further reduced, land use in other parts of the world could increase. This is because when restricting oilseed imports from outside the EU's single market, the EU and Germany now have to partially fill in the gap of oilseed imports by producing them locally. This, however, comes at the cost of lower wheat production in Germany and the EU and hence, wheat production is shifting elsewhere to meet the demand. As production has shifted from higher to lower yield regions, global land use for agriculture will likely increase. Our analysis shows that unilateral actions in Germany would have little effect on global land use expansions of 880 km2. If, however, the EU mirrors the German preferences for regional and GMO-free feed, the situation will be different. In this case, the global land use change could increase by up to 13,800 km2. A shift to regional and GMO-free protein feed can indeed be counter-effective in reducing land and environmental pressure. We show that concomitant and comparably small dietary changes with lower amounts of animal-sourced foods would be enough to counterbalance the adverse land use implications.
{"title":"Global land-use implications of preference shifts towards regional feed and sustainable diets in Germany and the European Union","authors":"Florian Freund, Sakson Soisontes, Verena Laquai, Martin Banse","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Germany and other EU countries, preferences for regional and GMO-free feed can increasingly be observed. Many industries like to brand their dairy, eggs and meat products as produced with regional and GMO-free feed. This – among others – has resulted in decreasing soybean and soybean meal imports from Latin America and the USA over the last couple of years, which are often genetically modified. This pattern is likely to be reinforced in the future. According to a recent Delphi panel, 36 % of German soya imports could realistically be replaced with local GMO-free alternatives in 2030. We show that such a shift in the structure of international protein feed markets has implications for global land use patterns using an economic simulation model. An inward orientation by shortening the feed supply chains will likely increase the pressure on global land use. While land use in Brazil could decrease when soya imports are further reduced, land use in other parts of the world could increase. This is because when restricting oilseed imports from outside the EU's single market, the EU and Germany now have to partially fill in the gap of oilseed imports by producing them locally. This, however, comes at the cost of lower wheat production in Germany and the EU and hence, wheat production is shifting elsewhere to meet the demand. As production has shifted from higher to lower yield regions, global land use for agriculture will likely increase. Our analysis shows that unilateral actions in Germany would have little effect on global land use expansions of 880 km<sup>2</sup>. If, however, the EU mirrors the German preferences for regional and GMO-free feed, the situation will be different. In this case, the global land use change could increase by up to 13,800 km<sup>2</sup>. A shift to regional and GMO-free protein feed can indeed be counter-effective in reducing land and environmental pressure. We show that concomitant and comparably small dietary changes with lower amounts of animal-sourced foods would be enough to counterbalance the adverse land use implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108455"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108451
Lehua Gao , Kun Gao , Wenwen Sun , Yue Zhang , Runping Zhang , Longxuan Zhang
The government's unitary management of marine eco-economic systems has several drawbacks, underscoring the urgency of exploring the effectiveness and feasibility of a multi-agent collaborative governance model. In this study, we developed a simulation model based on statistical and survey data to examine the effectiveness of multi-agent collaborative governance in marine eco-economic systems. Using the data simulation function of system dynamics (SD) Vensim PLE, we verified the input parameters, income variables, behavior probability, and governance outcomes for five types of stakeholders in marine governance, finding that: (1) In a multi-agent the governance framework, arbitrarily increasing the participation probability of one stakeholder type tends to lead to the involvement of two or more types. This leads to the establishment of a compact multi-agent collaborative governance model, significantly enhancing both participation and fairness of governance compared to the traditional government-centric model. (2) Regardless of which parameter is optimized, the multi-agent collaborative governance model can improve the performance of marine eco-economic systems. This governance model is more conducive to the coordinated, healthy, and sustainable development of marine eco-economic system. (3) By calculating the degree of alignment between stakeholders (central government, local government, sea-related producers, sea-related consumers, and coastal communities) across 11 coastal provinces and cities in China, this study identified one or more types of multi-agent collaborative governance models, proving the feasibility of this approach. (4) While collaborative governance models led by five different entities have their unique advantages and disadvantages, further strengthening relationships and cooperation among these stakeholders is essential for advancing the maturity and effectiveness of the multi-agent governance model.
{"title":"Effect simulation and local adaptation of multi-agent collaborative governance in marine eco-economic systems: Evidence from China","authors":"Lehua Gao , Kun Gao , Wenwen Sun , Yue Zhang , Runping Zhang , Longxuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The government's unitary management of marine eco-economic systems has several drawbacks, underscoring the urgency of exploring the effectiveness and feasibility of a multi-agent collaborative governance model. In this study, we developed a simulation model based on statistical and survey data to examine the effectiveness of multi-agent collaborative governance in marine eco-economic systems. Using the data simulation function of system dynamics (SD) Vensim PLE, we verified the input parameters, income variables, behavior probability, and governance outcomes for five types of stakeholders in marine governance, finding that: (1) In a multi-agent the governance framework, arbitrarily increasing the participation probability of one stakeholder type tends to lead to the involvement of two or more types. This leads to the establishment of a compact multi-agent collaborative governance model, significantly enhancing both participation and fairness of governance compared to the traditional government-centric model. (2) Regardless of which parameter is optimized, the multi-agent collaborative governance model can improve the performance of marine eco-economic systems. This governance model is more conducive to the coordinated, healthy, and sustainable development of marine eco-economic system. (3) By calculating the degree of alignment between stakeholders (central government, local government, sea-related producers, sea-related consumers, and coastal communities) across 11 coastal provinces and cities in China, this study identified one or more types of multi-agent collaborative governance models, proving the feasibility of this approach. (4) While collaborative governance models led by five different entities have their unique advantages and disadvantages, further strengthening relationships and cooperation among these stakeholders is essential for advancing the maturity and effectiveness of the multi-agent governance model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108451"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108419
Xenia Miklin, Thomas Neier, Simon Sturn, Klara Zwickl
We analyze emissions and associated damages from the top 100 industrial CO2 emitters in the EU using data from the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register, the EU Transaction Log, population grids, and regional information. These top emitters account for 19% of total EU CO2 emissions, 39% of industrial CO2 emissions, as well as a third of industrial SO and NO emissions, and a significant share of industrial PM10 emissions. In 2017, monetized damages of hazardous co-pollutants range from 20 to 67 billion Euros, and combined co-pollutant and climate damages amount to between 92 and 260 billion Euros. The top 100 alone would exhaust the EU’s carbon budget in a few decades. The joint climate and co-pollutant damages of a significant number of the top 100 exceed the economic value generated by the entire industry sector in their respective regions, indicating substantial underregulation. Yet the top 100 received free EU Emissions Trading System permits for 27% of their carbon emissions. Many top emitters are located in densely populated regions, with 3.1% of EU’s population living within 10 kilometers of a Carbon Giant. Our analysis reveals the critical importance of addressing major emitters in research and policymaking.
{"title":"Carbon Giants: Exploring the Top 100 Industrial CO2 Emitters in the EU","authors":"Xenia Miklin, Thomas Neier, Simon Sturn, Klara Zwickl","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We analyze emissions and associated damages from the top 100 industrial CO<sub>2</sub> emitters in the EU using data from the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register, the EU Transaction Log, population grids, and regional information. These top emitters account for 19% of total EU CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, 39% of industrial CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, as well as a third of industrial SO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> emissions, and a significant share of industrial PM<sub>10</sub> emissions. In 2017, monetized damages of hazardous co-pollutants range from 20 to 67 billion Euros, and combined co-pollutant and climate damages amount to between 92 and 260 billion Euros. The top 100 alone would exhaust the EU’s carbon budget in a few decades. The joint climate and co-pollutant damages of a significant number of the top 100 exceed the economic value generated by the entire industry sector in their respective regions, indicating substantial underregulation. Yet the top 100 received free EU Emissions Trading System permits for 27% of their carbon emissions. Many top emitters are located in densely populated regions, with 3.1% of EU’s population living within 10 kilometers of a Carbon Giant. Our analysis reveals the critical importance of addressing major emitters in research and policymaking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108419"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108446
Dallas O'Dell , Davide Contu , Ganga Shreedhar
Research on degrowth and its policy proposals has rapidly expanded, despite lacking empirical evidence on public perceptions. One conceptual proposition for affluent populations is that lifestyle changes, such as undertaking sufficiency-oriented behaviours, may engender degrowth policy support. Our research empirically investigated U.S. public support for degrowth policies, its relation to sufficiency behaviours, and whether a degrowth framing influenced policy support. In a pre-registered, online discrete choice experiment (N = 1012), we elicited perceptions of four commonly advocated degrowth policies - work time reductions, downscaling fossil fuel production, universal basic services, and advertising restrictions. Analyses revealed significant support for some specification of each alternative policy, especially fossil fuel caps and universal healthcare. We also found a significant positive association between sufficiency engagement and supporting fossil fuel restrictions. However, latent class analysis suggested that the link between behaviour and policy support was less consistent for socially oriented policies, and that those who supported such policies did not engage in sufficiency most frequently. Degrowth framing only significantly influenced preferences for universal healthcare. These findings suggest an appetite for advancing eco-social policies in the United States but point to a nuanced relationship between sufficiency lifestyles and degrowth policy support.
{"title":"Public support for degrowth policies and sufficiency behaviours in the United States: A discrete choice experiment","authors":"Dallas O'Dell , Davide Contu , Ganga Shreedhar","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolecon.2024.108446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on degrowth and its policy proposals has rapidly expanded, despite lacking empirical evidence on public perceptions. One conceptual proposition for affluent populations is that lifestyle changes, such as undertaking sufficiency-oriented behaviours, may engender degrowth policy support. Our research empirically investigated U.S. public support for degrowth policies, its relation to sufficiency behaviours, and whether a degrowth framing influenced policy support. In a pre-registered, online discrete choice experiment (<em>N</em> = 1012), we elicited perceptions of four commonly advocated degrowth policies - work time reductions, downscaling fossil fuel production, universal basic services, and advertising restrictions. Analyses revealed significant support for some specification of each alternative policy, especially fossil fuel caps and universal healthcare. We also found a significant positive association between sufficiency engagement and supporting fossil fuel restrictions. However, latent class analysis suggested that the link between behaviour and policy support was less consistent for socially oriented policies, and that those who supported such policies did not engage in sufficiency most frequently. Degrowth framing only significantly influenced preferences for universal healthcare. These findings suggest an appetite for advancing eco-social policies in the United States but point to a nuanced relationship between sufficiency lifestyles and degrowth policy support.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51021,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Economics","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 108446"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号