Ecological Economics最新文献_第9页

Agent-based insight into eco-choices: Simulating the fast fashion shift 基于代理的生态选择洞察：模拟快速时尚转变

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108824

Daria Soboleva , Angel Sánchez

Fashion is a powerful force in the modern world. It is one of the most accessible means of self-expression, thereby playing a significant role in our society. Yet, it is plagued by well-documented issues of waste and human rights abuses. Fast fashion in particular, characterized by its disposable nature, contributes extensively to environmental degradation and CO

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emissions, surpassing the combined outputs of France, Germany, and the UK, but its economic contributions have somewhat shielded it from criticism. In this paper, we examine the demand for fast fashion, with a focus on Spain. We explore the individual decision-making process involved in choosing to buy fast fashion and the role of awareness regarding working conditions, environmental consequences, and education on sustainable fashion in influencing consumer behavior. By employing Agent-Based Modeling, we investigate the factors influencing garment consumption patterns and how shifts in public opinion can be achieved through peer pressure, social media influence, and government interventions. Our study revealed that government interventions are pivotal, with the state’s campaigns setting the overall tone for progress, although its success is conditioned by social media and polarization levels of the population. Importantly, the state does not need to adopt an extremely proactive stance or continue the campaigns indefinitely to achieve optimal results, as excessive interventions yield diminishing returns.

时尚是现代世界的一股强大力量。它是最容易获得的自我表达方式之一，因此在我们的社会中扮演着重要的角色。然而，它饱受浪费和侵犯人权问题的困扰。特别是快时尚，其特点是一次性的，对环境恶化和二氧化碳排放的贡献很大，超过了法国、德国和英国的总和，但其经济贡献在一定程度上使其免受批评。在本文中，我们研究了对快时尚的需求，重点是西班牙。我们探讨了个人在选择购买快时尚产品时的决策过程，以及对工作条件、环境后果和可持续时尚教育的认识在影响消费者行为中的作用。本文采用基于主体的模型，研究了影响服装消费模式的因素，以及如何通过同伴压力、社交媒体影响和政府干预来实现公众舆论的转变。我们的研究表明，政府干预至关重要，国家的运动为进步奠定了总体基调，尽管其成功取决于社交媒体和人口的两极分化程度。重要的是，国家不需要采取极端积极的立场，也不需要无限期地继续进行运动，以达到最佳效果，因为过度干预会产生递减的回报。

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引用次数: 0

Squaring the circle of the circular economy. The need to properly account for scarcity to guide mineral resource management 实现循环经济的目标。需要适当考虑稀缺性，以指导矿物资源管理

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108817

Cati Torres , Alicia Valero , Antonio Valero , José Manuel Naredo

Over the last decades, extractivism and its derived socio-ecological impacts have increased exponentially, suggesting that prices of minerals are poor indicators of their absolute scarcity. Aware that we need to move towards a more circular economy (CE), we propose a methodology which builds on the use of an exergy-based indicator of absolute scarcity to create the much-needed taxonomy of mineral substances to make CE-oriented policies more effective. This indicator will not only allow overcoming the limitations usually attributed to physical indicators as scarcity's proxy measures. Transcending the usual mass-based approach to absolute scarcity, it warns that depletion is more about the loss of mineral quality than quantity, which is fundamental in a physical world governed by the Law of Entropy where ore grades decline over time. Even more, beyond enabling the calibration of economic tools to ensure we move towards circularity, this indicator can also set the basis for designing depletion charges targeted at raising social awareness and putting upward pressure on prices well before reserves are exhausted. Our methodology will also allow providing new insights into mineral price formation. By warning that we must learn from the biosphere, we argue that society can reach sustainability if it increases the use of renewable resources while moving towards that of abundant, recyclable, and physically easy-to-obtain mineral substances. In so doing, not only we show the importance of interdisciplinary work. We also point to the relevance of integrating weak and strong sustainability approaches in economics, thus avoiding the existing divorce between monetary and physical analyses.

在过去的几十年里，采掘活动及其产生的社会生态影响呈指数级增长，这表明矿物的价格是其绝对稀缺性的不良指标。意识到我们需要向更加循环的经济（CE）迈进，我们提出了一种方法，该方法建立在使用基于能源的绝对稀缺性指标的基础上，以创建急需的矿物分类，使以CE为导向的政策更加有效。这一指标不仅可以克服通常归因于作为稀缺性替代指标的物理指标的局限性。它超越了通常以质量为基础的绝对稀缺方法，警告说，枯竭更多的是矿物质量的损失，而不是数量的损失，这是由熵定律支配的物理世界的基本原则，即矿石品位随着时间的推移而下降。更重要的是，除了能够校准经济工具以确保我们走向循环之外，该指标还可以为设计枯竭费奠定基础，旨在提高社会意识，并在储备耗尽之前对价格施加上行压力。我们的方法也将为矿产价格形成提供新的见解。我们警告说，我们必须向生物圈学习，我们认为，如果社会增加对可再生资源的利用，同时向丰富、可回收和物理上易于获得的矿物质迈进，就可以实现可持续发展。这样做，我们不仅展示了跨学科工作的重要性。我们还指出了在经济学中整合弱和强可持续性方法的相关性，从而避免了货币分析和物理分析之间现有的分离。

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引用次数: 0

More-than-capitalist economies: Insights from community supported agriculture, tiny houses and hitchhiking in Denmark 超越资本主义经济：来自丹麦社区支持农业、小房子和搭便车的见解

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108831

Line Kryger Aagaard

The accelerating planetary crises call for rapid reductions in carbon emissions, unlikely to be achieved alone through increasing renewable energy and more efficient production. A wide-ranging transformation of affluent lifestyles and current consumption-production relationships is needed as well. This brings existing economic models into question, as profit often stands in the way of necessary reductions. Thus, a growing field of research points to the need of rethinking the economic system, and frameworks of degrowth and sufficiency are receiving more attention.

In the context of Denmark, this paper maps the landscape of both mainstream and alternative consumption-production relationships across three high-emission domains: food, housing and mobility. Based on focus groups with 52 professional stakeholders, I identify a correlation between economic activities and sustainability approaches, with efficiency-oriented models being tied to profit-driven economies and sufficiency-oriented models aligned with alternative, collective economic practices. This finding shows how economic systems shape the strategies organizations employ in addressing environmental challenges.

Furthermore, more-than-capitalist economic activities in this landscape are explored. By zooming in on three cases, community supported agriculture, tiny houses and hitchhiking, I draw attention to diverse economies as a lens to reframe consumption-production relationships in a sufficiency-oriented direction. I contribute to this field by proposing three key dimensions in which more-than-capitalist actors share characteristics across food, housing and mobility: 1) spatial; 2) temporal; and 3) relational. Highlighting these, the paper calls for further research and attention to spatial proximity, long-term engagement and community-building in developing consumption-production relationships for a sustainable future.

不断加剧的地球危机要求迅速减少碳排放，而单靠增加可再生能源和提高生产效率是不可能实现的。富裕的生活方式和当前的消费-生产关系也需要进行广泛的转变。这使现有的经济模式受到质疑，因为利润往往阻碍了必要的削减。因此，越来越多的研究领域指出需要重新思考经济制度，而去增长和充足的框架正受到更多的关注。

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引用次数: 0

Cost-neutral food tax reforms for healthier and more sustainable diets 实行成本中立的食品税改革，促进更健康和更可持续的饮食

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108822

Jörgen Larsson , Edvin Månsson , Elin Röös , Sarah Säll , Emma Patterson , Liselotte Schäfer Elinder , Jonas Nässén , Emma Ejelöv

This study evaluates cost-neutral food tax reforms integrating climate and health objectives, compared with strictly climate- and health-focused reforms. Results indicate that a strict climate-focused reform risks negative health outcomes, while the strict health-focused reform achieves only 40 % of the climate benefit of the integrated reforms and adversely impacts animal welfare.

Integrated tax reforms, however, could reduce Sweden's food carbon footprint by an amount equivalent to an 8 % reduction in passenger car emissions, alongside co-benefits such as decreased pesticide and fertilizer use and lower ammonia emissions. In addition, the healthier diets simulated as a result of the integrated reforms are estimated to save more than twice as many lives as those lost to road traffic fatalities.

Furthermore, the strict climate- and health-focused reforms lead to higher food costs, disproportionately affecting low-income groups. The integrated reforms were designed to be cost-neutral by applying subsidies in the form of VAT exemptions on healthy foods or through the redistribution of tax revenues to all citizens. This study demonstrates that it is possible to design food tax reforms to achieve substantial environmental and health improvements while avoiding additional financial burdens on consumers, suggesting a promising pathway for policy development.

本研究评估了与严格以气候和健康为重点的改革相比，结合气候和健康目标的成本中性食品税改革。结果表明，严格的以气候为重点的改革可能会带来负面的健康结果，而严格的以健康为重点的改革只实现了综合改革的40%的气候效益，并对动物福利产生不利影响。

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引用次数: 0

Recent global value chain reconfiguration: drivers and consequences on EU carbon footprint 近期全球价值链重构：欧盟碳足迹的驱动因素及后果

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108828

Ángela García-Alaminos, María-Ángeles Cadarso, Luis A. López, María-Ángeles Tobarra

The vulnerability of global value chains is in the spotlight due to recent geopolitical tensions and shocks with a worldwide impact. Vulnerability in trade terms is often linked to distance from the suppliers, high concentration of imports, or not-shared values, implying several logistic risks. As a result, economies seeking higher resilience in their value chains are considering new sourcing strategies, like backshoring or nearshoring. Such trade-restructuring schemes need to consider sustainability to be effectively resilient, but, at the same time, they are drivers of changes in global carbon emissions.

This paper aims to measure the magnitude of those relocation patterns and their impact on carbon emissions, focusing on the European Union (EU). For this purpose, we use an environmentally extended multiregional input-output model to calculate global emissions' trends from 1995 to 2018 and to identify different trade-relocation patterns, quantifying their carbon content. We also perform a structural decomposition analysis to divide the changes in the EU's carbon footprint according to different drivers.

Our results show a change in global emissions evolution from 2008 onwards, with emerging trends of global value chains reconfiguration showing a more vital role of environmental concerns. We also find that reshoring and reoffshoring are less emission-intensive than offshoring. In the EU's context, its footprint has been reduced since the 2008 crisis, mainly due to lower emissions intensities and technical changes towards cleaner ways of production. In contrast, the geographical shift of suppliers contributes to the growth of emissions in the whole period.

由于近期地缘政治紧张局势和具有全球影响的冲击，全球价值链的脆弱性受到关注。贸易方面的脆弱性通常与与供应商的距离、进口的高度集中或不共享的价值有关，这意味着若干物流风险。因此，在价值链中寻求更高弹性的经济体正在考虑新的采购策略，如回流或近岸。这种贸易结构调整计划需要考虑到可持续性具有有效的弹性，但与此同时，它们也是全球碳排放变化的驱动因素。

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引用次数: 0

Total rents from natural resources: Framework and preliminary estimates for Switzerland 自然资源的总租金：瑞士的框架和初步估计

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108821

Felix Schläpfer

Rents and transfers linked to natural resources are an increasingly important part of national economies. However, concepts to comprehensively measure them remain limited, and empirical estimates are scarce. This paper proposes four concepts to organize and measure ‘total rents from natural resources’ including (1) traditional ‘resource rent’, (2) ‘resource gain’ defined as increases in resource value independent of changes in rights to resources, (3) ‘resource transfer’ through regulatory changes in resource rights, and (4) ‘resource externality’ or transfers through uncompensated damage to resources. Preliminary estimates for Switzerland for the period from 2016 to 2021 were calculated based on official statistics, private land price data, and existing studies of external costs. The annual estimates amount to CHF 78 billion for resource rent, CHF 167 billion for resource gain, CHF 23 billion for resource transfer, and CHF 31 billion for resource externality. The sum of CHF 298 billion corresponded to 42 % of the Swiss GDP in the same period, which was more than the combined tax revenues at the federal, cantonal and municipal levels. The rents from urban land accounted for 89 % of the total. Although these estimates are subject to considerable uncertainty, they show that the rents from natural resoures are very significant. These rents offer important potential for designing more efficient taxes and for achieving more equitable distributional outcomes. They deserve more attention in academic research and official statistics.

与自然资源有关的租金和转让是国民经济日益重要的组成部分。然而，全面衡量它们的概念仍然有限，而且经验估计很少。本文提出了四个概念来组织和衡量“自然资源总租金”，包括：(1)传统的“资源租金”，(2)“资源收益”，定义为与资源权利变化无关的资源价值的增加，(3)通过资源权利的监管变化进行的“资源转移”，以及(4)“资源外部性”或通过对资源的无偿损害进行的转移。瑞士2016年至2021年的初步估计是根据官方统计数据、私人土地价格数据和现有的外部成本研究计算出来的。每年的资源租金估计为780亿瑞郎，资源收益为1670亿瑞郎，资源转移为230亿瑞郎，资源外部性为310亿瑞郎。2980亿瑞士法郎相当于同期瑞士国内生产总值的42%，超过了联邦、州和市级税收收入的总和。城市土地租金占总租金的89%。虽然这些估计有相当大的不确定性，但它们表明自然资源的租金是非常大的。这些租金为设计更有效的税收和实现更公平的分配结果提供了重要的潜力。他们应该在学术研究和官方统计中得到更多的关注。

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引用次数: 0

Household consumption pattern and CO2 emissions: The age and generational effects 家庭消费模式与二氧化碳排放：年龄和代际效应

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108820

Hui Wang , Menghan Wang , Danyang Zhang , Peng Zhou

Reducing household CO₂ emissions is central to climate change mitigation. With the profound demographic transition worldwide, age changes and generational shifts of population are reshaping household consumption patterns and emissions. Understanding the age and generational effects in household emissions is fundamental to formulate effective green consumption measures. However, a key challenge is how to properly quantify the impacts of age and generation on household consumption behavior and emissions. This study resolves this issue by proposing an extended demand system model with age and generation factors using the age-period-cohort approach, which is further linked with the multi-region input-output model. The proposed approach presents a novel way to explicitly model the distinct impacts of age variation and generational difference on emissions through characterizing their role in consumption behavior within a unified framework. Applying the proposed approach to a Chinese household dataset reveals the salient yet varying impacts of age and generation on household emissions in China. It is shown that emissions decline progressively with household aging, while younger generations tend to emit less than older ones. A prospective analysis further suggests that these effects would persist and even intensify with China's demographic transition over the next decade. Policy implications regarding household emissions mitigation from age and generation perspectives are discussed.

减少家庭二氧化碳排放是减缓气候变化的核心。随着世界范围内人口结构的深刻转变，年龄变化和代际变化正在重塑家庭消费模式和排放。了解家庭排放对年龄和世代的影响，对于制定有效的绿色消费措施至关重要。然而，一个关键的挑战是如何适当地量化年龄和世代对家庭消费行为和排放的影响。本研究采用年龄-时期-队列方法，提出了一个包含年龄和世代因素的扩展需求系统模型，并将该模型与多区域投入产出模型进一步联系起来。该方法提出了一种新的方法，通过在统一的框架内描述年龄变化和代际差异在消费行为中的作用，来明确地模拟年龄变化和代际差异对排放的不同影响。将提出的方法应用于中国家庭数据集，揭示了年龄和代际对中国家庭排放的显著但不同的影响。研究表明，随着家庭老龄化，碳排放量逐渐下降，而年轻一代的碳排放量往往低于年长一代。一项前瞻性分析进一步表明，这些影响将持续存在，甚至随着未来十年中国人口结构的转变而加剧。从年龄和代际角度讨论了家庭减排的政策影响。

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引用次数: 0

Water, land, materials, and emissions for providing decent living standards around the world 水、土地、材料和排放，为全世界提供体面的生活水平

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108819

Johan Andrés Vélez-Henao , Jan Streeck , Jarmo Kikstra , Stefan Pauliuk

The safe and just space for humanity is a vision for a sustainable economy, where all people have decent access to services so that social requirements are met (floor), and the use of natural resources does not drive critical Earth system processes beyond Holocene conditions (ceiling). Using the concept of decent living standards (DLS) to quantify the resource implications of social requirements (floor) globally, we estimate the average in-use stocks, as well as associated annual natural resource use and related greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) that are required to provide a DLS in 176 countries. Our results suggest that the per capita resources and emissions associated with a DLS differ considerably between countries, depending on their socioeconomic and technological context. With renewable energies, a reduction in meat consumption and active mobility (efficient scenario), the following average per capita DLS impacts results: materials: 2–5 t/(cap*yr), GHG emissions: 1–4 t CO₂ eq./(cap*yr), land occupation: 1424–6615 m²/cap, and water use: 98–328 m³ /(cap*yr). The in-use stocks in the form of materials required to provide a DLS range from 26 to 29 t/cap. Closing the current DLS gap globally in the most efficient form requires resources equivalent to 7 % of global materials use, 1 % of GHG emissions, 2 % of land occupation, and 2 % of water consumption in 2015.

人类安全、公正的空间是可持续经济的愿景，所有人都能体面地获得服务，以满足社会需求（下限），自然资源的使用不会使地球系统的关键进程超出全新世的条件（上限）。我们利用体面生活标准（DLS）的概念来量化全球社会需求（底线）对资源的影响，估算了176个国家提供体面生活标准所需的平均使用存量、相关的年度自然资源使用量和相关的温室气体排放量。我们的研究结果表明，根据各国的社会经济和技术背景，与DLS相关的人均资源和排放量存在很大差异。使用可再生能源，减少肉类消费和主动出行（高效情景），人均DLS影响结果如下：材料：2-5吨/（上限*年），温室气体排放量：1-4吨二氧化碳当量/（上限*年），土地占用：1424-6615平方米/上限，用水量：98-328立方米/（上限*年）。在用库存的材料形式要求提供的DLS范围为26至29吨/顶。2015年，以最有效的方式缩小目前全球DLS差距需要相当于全球7%的材料使用量、1%的温室气体排放量、2%的土地占用和2%的用水量的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Does ecological zoning spur household welfare and resilience? A quasi-natural experiment in China 生态分区能促进家庭福利和恢复力吗？一个在中国进行的准自然实验

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108825

Han Li , Hao Xia

Ecological zoning has been widely implemented to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services, with its environmental effects well-documented. Yet, less is known about their social implications, particularly at the household level. To narrow the gap, this paper employs a difference-in-difference approach to examine the long-term social impacts and underlying mechanisms of ecological zoning on household welfare and resilience based on nationwide ecological zoning designations and large-scale biennial panel data (2011–2019) from China. We find that ecological zoning generally had positive effects on household income and resilience. Ecological zoning introduced industry and land-use regulations that limited local agricultural and economic activities. In response, households adapted by pursuing non-agricultural occupations and migrating to areas outside the ecological zones. These changes in occupation and migration patterns enabled households to diversify their income sources and build greater economic resilience. However, heterogeneity analysis further suggests that ecological zoning accelerated group differentiation. Compared to non-poor and livelihood-diversified households, poverty-stricken and purely agricultural households, constrained by their limited adaptive capacity and livelihood options, remained trapped and experienced negative impacts on their welfare and resilience. Overall, our findings indicate that while ecological zoning can enhance household income and resilience, it may also exacerbate existing inequalities. To ensure more inclusive social outcomes, conservation policies should incorporate measures that support sustainable livelihood transitions of disadvantaged households.

生态区划在增强生物多样性和生态系统服务功能方面得到广泛实施，其环境效应有目可睹。然而，人们对其社会影响知之甚少，特别是在家庭层面。为了缩小这一差距，本文采用“差中差”方法，基于全国生态区划和中国大型两年期面板数据（2011-2019），研究生态区划对居民福利和韧性的长期社会影响及其潜在机制。研究发现，生态区划总体上对居民收入和韧性有正向影响。生态区划引入了限制当地农业和经济活动的工业和土地使用法规。作为回应，家庭通过从事非农业职业和迁移到生态区以外的地区来适应。职业和移民模式的这些变化使家庭能够实现收入来源的多样化，并建立更大的经济复原力。异质性分析进一步表明，生态区划加速了类群分化。与非贫困和生计多样化家庭相比，贫困和纯农业家庭由于适应能力和生计选择有限而陷入困境，其福利和复原力受到负面影响。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，虽然生态区划可以提高家庭收入和弹性，但它也可能加剧现有的不平等。为确保更具包容性的社会成果，保护政策应纳入支持弱势家庭可持续生计转型的措施。

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引用次数: 0

Food choice with increased visibility – A field experiment at an environmental economics conference 增加能见度的食物选择——环境经济学会议上的一项实地实验

IF 6.3 2区经济学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Economics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108816

Astrid Dannenberg , Giorgio Dini , Alessandro Tavoni , Eva Weingärtner

Food choices and in particular meat consumption have major impacts on the local and global environment, which is why the topic is gaining attention in environmental economics and other disciplines. In this study, we investigate the effect of increased visibility on food choices, for which there has been little research to date. We present findings from a field experiment among researchers at a large environmental economics conference. When registering for the three-days conference and prior to choosing between vegan, vegetarian, or meat/fish lunches, half of the participants were informed that their choice would be visibly printed on their conference name badge. The remaining half were informed of this saliency only after their food choice (at the conference venue). Despite the conference setting in which environmentally friendly choices and signals are likely to be valued, we find no significant effect of the treatment on lunch choices. We discuss possible reasons for the null effect, including that the consequences of visibility are ignored, discounted, or already factored in.

食物选择，特别是肉类消费对当地和全球环境有重大影响，这就是为什么这个话题在环境经济学和其他学科中受到关注的原因。在这项研究中，我们调查了能见度提高对食物选择的影响，迄今为止，这方面的研究很少。我们在一个大型环境经济学会议上展示了研究人员的现场实验结果。当登记参加为期三天的会议时，在选择素食，素食或肉/鱼午餐之前，一半的参与者被告知他们的选择将明显地印在他们的会议胸牌上。剩下的一半人只有在他们选择了食物之后（在会场）才被告知这种显著性。尽管环境友好的选择和信号很可能受到重视，但我们发现治疗对午餐选择没有显著影响。我们讨论了零效应的可能原因，包括可见性的后果被忽略、低估或已经被考虑在内。

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引用次数: 0