Journal of Health Psychology最新文献

In immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID), females report elevated depressive symptoms more frequently than males. We examined clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with elevated depressive symptoms in IMID and whether endorsement of individual depressive symptoms differed by sex. This study included 652 individuals with an IMID from Manitoba, Canada. Depressive symptoms were measured using the PHQ-9 and HADS-D, with IMID-specific cut-offs to identify elevated depression. Elevated depressive symptoms were present in 234 participants (36%). Females did not show higher odds of elevated depression than males. Males were more likely to endorse the HADS-D item on cheerfulness. Smoking and anxiety symptoms, but not sex, were associated with elevated depressive symptoms. These findings may help identify high-risk individuals with an IMID and comorbid elevated depressive symptoms and guide intervention.

This study explored barriers and facilitators to digital self-management engagement among individuals with chronic pain. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 participants, guided by a 32-item schedule informed by digital health adoption literature and the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour (COM-B) model. Reflexive thematic analysis identified key influences on engagement, which were then mapped onto the COM-B framework to inform intervention design. Barriers were linked to physical and cognitive limitations, information access, financial constraints, self-efficacy and individual differences. Facilitators included social connection, enhanced pain awareness, autonomy and accessibility. While themes aligned with most COM-B components, no clear influences were mapped to Automatic Motivation. Findings provide nuanced insights into the behavioural and contextual factors shaping engagement with app-based interventions. By applying the COM-B model, this study offers a theoretically grounded understanding of digital self-management uptake, supporting the development of more responsive and accessible interventions for people living with chronic pain.

This descriptive qualitative study explored how individuals with cancer perceive their illness across different stages and contexts. Using a reflexive thematic analysis (RTA) framework, the study followed the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) for transparency. Data were gathered through six semi-structured focus group discussions with 35 patients diagnosed with breast, lung, colorectal, or gastric cancer. Purposive sampling continued until sufficient information was obtained. Analysis yielded four overarching themes: (1) paradox of illness description, (2) paradox of disease causation, (3) paradox of treatment effects, and (4) paradox of life disruption. Participants expressed ambivalent understandings of cancer, some viewing it as a manageable, flu-like condition, while others experienced it as a life-threatening, identity-defining event. Similar tensions emerged regarding perceived causes, treatment responses, and the illness's broader impact. These paradoxes highlight the complexity of cancer perceptions and the need for individualised, psychosocially informed care across the illness trajectory.

Peer support may improve wellbeing in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). This study examined associations between peer support, social support, loneliness and wellbeing in PwMS, along with sociodemographic and health predictors of peer support need and engagement in online and in-person contexts. A cross-sectional survey, co-designed with public and patient involvement, was deployed among 218 PwMS in Ireland, with regression analyses used to explore predictors of needs for, and engagement with, peer support. Increasing disability levels and fewer years with MS were associated with higher peer support need. Wellbeing was significantly yet weakly positively correlated with in-person peer support engagement (r_s = 0.1967, p = 0.005). However, only loneliness and social support were significant predictors of wellbeing, accounting for approximately 40% of the variance. Overall, PwMS need peer support, yet reported low engagement with peers. While no clear associations with wellbeing were established, findings suggest that peer support may improve psychosocial experiences in MS.

Knowledge pertaining to the interplay between body image, body compassion, and endometriosis-related symptoms is limited. The current study aimed to elucidate the relationships between body compassion, body image, and endometriosis-related symptoms, and explore whether endometriosis-related factors or body compassion are significant correlates of body image. Individuals with self-reported symptomatic endometriosis (n = 261), aged 18 years and over, provided endometriosis-related information and completed the Body Attitude Test and Body Compassion Scale. Regression analyses determined that the presence nonmenstrual abdominal pain, lower ability to defuse from negative body-related thoughts, lower body-related acceptance, and higher levels of common humanity were significant correlates of body image, as measured by the Body Attitude Test, in the current endometriosis sample. Preliminary support is noted for the potential inclusion of compassion-focused interventions for addressing body image concerns in endometriosis, with nonmenstrual abdominal pain, dyspareunia, nausea, and bloating viewed as important symptoms for consideration.

Nurses experience high levels of occupational stress and trauma exposure, placing them at risk for adverse mental-health outcomes. This study examined the relationships between posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS), Sense of Coherence (SOC), anxiety, and depression among South African nurses. A cross-sectional survey design was employed with 264 nurses from 4 hospitals in the Western Cape province. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and four self-report measures: the SOC Scale, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-Revised. Structural equation modelling assessed whether SOC mediated the effects of PTS on anxiety and depression. Results indicated that SOC partially mediated the relationship between PTS and both anxiety and depression, suggesting that part of the impact of PTS on psychological distress operates through nurses' SOC levels. These findings highlight the importance of trauma-informed approaches and SOC-enhancing interventions to strengthen nurses' mental health in high-stress, low-resource, healthcare environments.

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a cyclical condition similar to premenstrual syndrome (PMS), with symptoms arising in the late luteal phase. Studies highlight barriers to care, including misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis, and limited practitioner knowledge. Most qualitative research has focussed on the USA, UK, and Australia. This study explored the healthcare experiences of 27 women from nine countries diagnosed with PMDD using a phenomenological approach. Semi-structured interviews were analysed thematically in ATLAS.ti, generating four themes: (1) medical gas-lighting and the importance of diagnosis, (2) diagnostic odyssey, (3) access to healthcare, and (4) self-advocacy. Findings reveal that negative healthcare experiences often delay diagnosis and care-seeking while fostering mistrust in healthcare systems. Experiences were similar across countries, regardless of healthcare structures. While diagnosis can be validating, its benefits may depend on available resources. Greater awareness of PMDD among healthcare providers is essential for improving patient care.

This study explored the lived experiences of body image among individuals with a diagnosis or suspected diagnosis of endometriosis and/or adenomyosis. Using an online qualitative survey (n = 287) and semi-structured interviews (n = 17), data were collected from 304 participants and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Findings revealed that these conditions significantly disrupted body image, with participants describing shame, disconnection, and a diminished sense of identity. Three overarching themes were identified: (1) Under Scrutiny: Concealment and the Emotional Toll of the Conditions, (2) A Disrupted Sense of Self, and (3) Avoidance: The Psychosocial Impact of Symptom Visibility. Body image concerns emerged as a central aspect of living with these gynaecological conditions, influencing self-esteem, mental health, and interpersonal relationships. The results underscore the need for more integrated and psychologically informed healthcare approaches that recognise body image as a key element of patient well-being.

Through the lens of Self-Determination Theory, this study explores the psychological factors influencing young women's menstrual product choices, set against the evolving sociocultural, gendered, and political backdrop in China. Through in-depth interviews with 33 participants, the research uncovers that women's preferences are driven by their desire for bodily autonomy, competence, relational connectedness, and the affirmation of personal values. These findings suggest a significant shift from passive endurance to an active, empowered approach in managing menstrual health. Additionally, the findings reveal how cultural norms around hygiene, celebrity endorsements, and a sense of patriotism shape consumer behavior, further complicating women's decision-making processes. By incorporating personal values into Self-Determination Theory, this study deepens our understanding of how ethical reflections and esthetic sensibilities guide health-related decisions. It also highlights the imperative for media discourses and health campaigns to offer more scientific content and portray more authentic representations of women's menstrual experiences.

We examined the measurement of mindful screen time and whether it moderated links between screen-related psychological needs (satisfaction and frustration) and well-being. University students (N = 770, M_age = 19.96) completed a questionnaire online. A unidimensional structure of mindful screen time had an adequate fit (CFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.08) and composite reliability (0.79). Correlations between mindful screen time and well-being (rs = |0.08-0.26|) showed evidence of validity based on relations to other variables. Path analysis indicated two of the eight moderated associations were statistically significant but counter to hypotheses: higher mindful screen time increased the negative influence of need frustration on negative affect and diminished the positive influence of need satisfaction on flourishing. Screen-related psychological need satisfaction and frustration were key factors influencing well-being. Effect sizes were small-to-moderate (R² = 0.21-0.48). Overall, we found that that mindful screen time is not a robust moderator. More research is needed to better understand the role of mindful screen time on well-being.