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Caring for a child with cancer: Parental competence, distress, and cortisol levels. 照顾癌症患儿:父母的能力、痛苦和皮质醇水平。
IF 2.5 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241280146
Noa Benaroya-Milshtein, Or Cohen Ben-Simon, Tamar Natanzon, Meital Avishai-Neumann, Adi Moka, Noa Tsuk-Ram, Veit Roessner, Judith Buse, Anne Uhlmann, Shimrit Daches

Parents of children facing cancer are subject to psychological distress. In this study, we explored whether the time that had passed since a child's cancer diagnosis was associated with parents' distress levels and whether parental sense of competence (PSOC) moderated this association. Forty-four parents of children with cancer who were hospitalized during 2022 participated. Parents completed questionnaires and provided hair samples for the examination of hair cortisol concentration (HCC). Correlations indicated no significant association between time since diagnosis and distress indices. Yet, linear regression analysis revealed that PSOC moderated the association between time since diagnosis and parental HCC (β = -0.36, p < 0.05). For parents with low PSOC, time since diagnosis did not predict parental HCC. For parents with high PSOC, a longer time since diagnosis was associated with lower levels of parental HCC. Our results provide support for the clinical significance of PSOC as a target for intervention.

面临癌症的儿童的父母会受到心理困扰。在这项研究中,我们探讨了儿童癌症确诊后的时间是否与父母的痛苦程度有关,以及父母的能力感(PSOC)是否调节了这种关联。44 名在 2022 年期间住院治疗的癌症患儿的父母参加了此次研究。家长们填写了调查问卷,并提供了毛发样本用于检测毛发皮质醇浓度(HCC)。相关分析表明,确诊时间与痛苦指数之间没有明显联系。然而,线性回归分析表明,PSOC 可调节确诊时间与父母毛发皮质醇浓度之间的关系(β = -0.36,p<0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
Surviving the atrocity: A study of resilience and coping behaviour among Ukrainians during the Russo-Ukrainian war. 在暴行中幸存:俄乌战争期间乌克兰人的复原力和应对行为研究。
IF 2.5 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241274464
Julia Kovalenko

The study was conducted during the first 8 months of the Russo-Ukrainian war, investigating an interplay of resilience, coping strategies and perceived stress in Ukrainians of various age groups, war experiences and displacement statuses. The study was conducted on the sample of 18-76-year-old Ukrainians (n = 337) using the COPE, CD-RISC-10 and PSS-14 scales. It aimed to understand how Ukrainians cope with war-stressors and stay resilient. Data analyses, including Bayesian ANOVA, independent samples t-tests, linear regressions and bivariate correlation, were conducted using JASP and IBM SPSS-23. The results of the quantitative study showed that Ukrainians attributed their resilience to perceived self-efficacy, regulating emotions and flexibility. It was also found that the pattern of most and least preferred coping strategies was relatively consistent across all the sample subgroups. Thus, to cope with war, Ukrainians relied on 'planning', 'positive interpretation and growth', 'acceptance' and 'active coping' and refrained from 'behavioural disengagement', 'denial' and 'substance use'. It was concluded that coping strategies may be significant predictors of Ukrainians' resilience.

这项研究是在俄乌战争头 8 个月期间进行的,调查了不同年龄组、战争经历和流离失所状况的乌克兰人的复原力、应对策略和感知压力之间的相互作用。研究使用 COPE、CD-RISC-10 和 PSS-14 量表对 18-76 岁的乌克兰人(n = 337)进行了抽样调查。研究旨在了解乌克兰人如何应对战争压力并保持复原力。使用 JASP 和 IBM SPSS-23 进行了数据分析,包括贝叶斯方差分析、独立样本 t 检验、线性回归和双变量相关性分析。定量研究结果表明,乌克兰人将其复原力归因于感知自我效能、调节情绪和灵活性。研究还发现,在所有样本分组中,最喜欢和最不喜欢的应对策略模式相对一致。因此,乌克兰人依靠 "计划"、"积极解释和成长"、"接受 "和 "积极应对 "来应对战争,而避免 "行为脱离"、"否认 "和 "使用药物"。结论是,应对策略可能是预测乌克兰人复原力的重要因素。
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引用次数: 0
A qualitative analysis of parents’ beliefs about portable pool safety behaviours 对家长对便携式泳池安全行为的看法进行定性分析
IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241275588
Kyra Hamilton, Kim Dunn, Jacob J Keech, Amy E Peden
The aim of this study was to develop an in-depth understanding of the beliefs parents hold regarding portable pool safety behaviours using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents ( N = 15) of children aged 5 years and younger who owned a portable pool. Interviews examined three key safety behaviours: supervising within arms’ reach, fencing portable pools deeper than 30 cm, and emptying and storing portable pools safely after use. Parents identified a range of advantages, disadvantages, normative influences, and facilitators and barriers towards the three behaviours. The identification of these salient behavioural, normative, and control beliefs enrich limited understandings of portable pool safety behaviours of parents with young children. Current findings fill a knowledge gap in portable pool safety and provide potential targets for messages to improve parents’ behaviours for their young children around portable pools in the hope of preventing loss of life.
本研究旨在利用计划行为理论(TPB)深入了解家长对便携式泳池安全行为的看法。我们对拥有便携式游泳池的 5 岁及以下儿童的家长(15 人)进行了半结构式访谈。访谈考察了三种关键的安全行为:在孩子伸手可及的范围内进行监督、在深度超过 30 厘米的便携式泳池上设置围栏,以及在使用后安全地清空和存放便携式泳池。家长们指出了这三种行为的优点、缺点、规范影响、促进因素和障碍。对这些突出的行为、规范和控制信念的识别,丰富了有幼儿的家长对便携式泳池安全行为的有限理解。目前的研究结果填补了便携式泳池安全方面的知识空白,并提供了潜在的信息目标,以改善父母在便携式泳池周围照顾幼儿的行为,从而避免生命损失。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the impact of adverse childhood experiences on health and cognitive functions in older adults. 探索童年不良经历对老年人健康和认知功能的影响。
IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241277369
Rosa Angela Fabio,Lucia Natolo,Tindara Caprì,Carmela Mento,Giulia Picciotto
This study examines whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) predict long-term health issues and how ACEs, alongside stress, impact well-being and cognitive abilities in older adults. 279 adults were categorized into three age groups (30-46, 47-60, and 61-80). Participants completed an online survey assessing health problems, stress, resilience, and ACEs. Additionally, 32 older adults underwent cognitive tests. ACE scores predicted physical and psychological diseases in adults but not in older adults. However, a significant correlation between ACEs and cognitive abilities was evident in older participants. ACEs are significant indicators of long-term health issues and stress in adults but may not predict these factors in older individuals. Understanding ACEs' impact on cognitive abilities in older adults is crucial for tailored interventions and support.
本研究探讨了童年的不良经历(ACE)是否能预测长期健康问题,以及 ACE 与压力一起如何影响老年人的幸福感和认知能力。279 名成年人被分为三个年龄组(30-46 岁、47-60 岁和 61-80 岁)。参与者完成了一项在线调查,评估健康问题、压力、复原力和 ACE。此外,32 名老年人还接受了认知测试。ACE 分数可预测成年人的生理和心理疾病,但对老年人却没有影响。不过,在老年参与者中,ACE 与认知能力之间存在明显的相关性。ACE是成年人长期健康问题和压力的重要指标,但可能无法预测老年人的这些因素。了解 ACE 对老年人认知能力的影响对于有针对性的干预和支持至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric characteristics of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support in ostomy patients and their caregivers. 造口患者及其护理人员感知社会支持多维量表的心理测量特征。
IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241278169
Paolo Iovino,Ilaria Marcomini,Laura Rasero,Duilio Fiorenzo Manara,Ercole Vellone,Giulia Villa
Despite the importance of social support in ostomy care, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) does not appear to be validated in the context of ostomy care. This study evaluated the psychometric characteristics of MSPSS in ostomy patients and their informal caregivers. The MSPSS was tested in a sample of 775 participants with confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency reliability was assessed with the ordinal Omega coefficient. Criterion-related validity was ascertained via hypothesis testing by correlating the scores of the MSPSS with other measures. MSPSS for patients and caregivers has a three-factor structure with a good fit. Internal consistency reliability of the factors was excellent. Concurrent validity was supported by the negative correlations between MSPSS scores with depression and stoma-related QoL, and the positive correlations with perceived mutuality. Our research indicates that the MSPSS is a sound measure of social support for ostomy patients and their caregivers.
尽管社会支持在造口护理中非常重要,但感知社会支持多维量表(MSPSS)似乎尚未在造口护理中得到验证。本研究评估了 MSPSS 在造口患者及其非正式护理人员中的心理测量特征。通过确认性因素分析,对 775 名参与者的样本进行了 MSPSS 测试。内部一致性可靠性通过序数欧米茄系数进行评估。通过将 MSPSS 的得分与其他测量指标进行相关性假设检验,确定了标准相关有效性。针对患者和护理人员的 MSPSS 具有拟合良好的三因素结构。各因子的内部一致性可靠性极佳。MSPSS 评分与抑郁和造口相关 QoL 之间的负相关以及与感知到的相互性之间的正相关证明了并发有效性。我们的研究表明,MSPSS 是衡量造口患者及其护理人员社会支持的可靠指标。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in loneliness in 17 European countries between 2006 and 2015: A secondary analysis of data from the European Social Survey 2006 至 2015 年间 17 个欧洲国家的孤独趋势:对欧洲社会调查数据的二次分析
IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241278473
Simone Amendola, Agnes von Wyl
The present study analysed changes in loneliness between 2006 and 2015 and associated factors using publicly available data ( N = 128,718) from the European Social Survey from 17 countries. The study protocol was pre-registered on the Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/eq63j/ ). Loneliness-weighted prevalence (and mean) decreased from 30% to 27% over time. The decreasing trend was significant for both sexes. Young and old age groups reported a decline in loneliness over time while other age groups did not. Loneliness did not demonstrate a significant decline – but rather a stable trend – in persons with disability and first- and second-generation immigrants. Sociodemographic characteristics, social factors, well-being and psychological distress were associated with loneliness. These findings update those from previous studies indicating that loneliness trends and differences between European regions might be better explained by differences in psychological distress.
本研究利用来自 17 个国家的欧洲社会调查(European Social Survey)的公开数据(N = 128,718),分析了 2006 年至 2015 年间孤独感的变化及相关因素。研究方案已在开放科学框架(https://osf.io/eq63j/ )上预先注册。随着时间的推移,长期加权的患病率(和平均值)从 30% 降至 27%。这种下降趋势在男女两性中都很明显。随着时间的推移,年轻和年老年龄组的孤独感有所下降,而其他年龄组则没有。残疾人士、第一代和第二代移民的孤独感并没有明显下降,而是呈稳定趋势。社会人口特征、社会因素、幸福感和心理困扰都与孤独感有关。这些研究结果更新了以往的研究结果,表明欧洲地区之间的孤独趋势和差异可以更好地用心理困扰的差异来解释。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of COVID-19 on physical activity and mental health: A mixed-methods approach COVID-19 对体育活动和心理健康的影响:混合方法
IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241275599
Wai Tung Hung, Vaughan Bell, Keri Ka-Yee Wong
This mixed-methods study investigated how and why physical activity (PA), anxiety, depression and self-perceived loneliness are related, and the feasibility of social prescribing (SP). Whilst SP may involve PA with broader effects on health and wellbeing, there is little research exploring perceptions of this intervention. Data from the UCL-Penn Global COVID Study wave 1 (17 April–17 July 2020, N = 1037) were analysed. Twenty-one UK adults who self-identified as low ( n = 15) and high ( n = 6) on PA at wave 1 were interviewed at wave 4 (18 March–1 August 2022). At wave 1, depression was associated with higher odds of low-PA (OR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.01–1.10, p = 0.02). Both high/low-PA groups cited the threat of contracting COVID-19, general impacts of COVID-19 policies and heightened awareness of the mind-body connection. Five recommendations are made to address challenges in engaging with SP.
这项混合方法研究调查了体育锻炼(PA)、焦虑、抑郁和自我感觉孤独之间的关系和原因,以及社会处方(SP)的可行性。虽然社会处方可能涉及对健康和幸福有更广泛影响的体育锻炼,但很少有研究探讨人们对这种干预措施的看法。我们分析了 UCL-Penn 全球 COVID 研究第 1 波(2020 年 4 月 17 日至 7 月 17 日,N = 1037)的数据。在第 4 波(2022 年 3 月 18 日至 8 月 1 日)研究中,21 名英国成年人接受了访谈,他们在第 1 波研究中自我认同为 PA 低(15 人)和 PA 高(6 人)。在第 1 次调查时,抑郁症与低活动量的较高几率相关(OR = 1.05;95% CI 1.01-1.10,p = 0.02)。高/低 PA 组都提到了感染 COVID-19 的威胁、COVID-19 政策的总体影响以及对身心联系的进一步认识。本报告提出了五项建议,以应对在参与 SP 方面遇到的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of gender and body satisfaction on attentional bias among young adults in Hong Kong: An eye-tracking study 性别和身体满意度对香港年轻人注意力偏差的影响:眼动追踪研究
IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241278509
Tina L Rochelle, Xiuyan Huang
The present study examined gender differences in attentional bias of body images. Using an experimental design, 58 young adults aged 18–29 years ( Mage = 20.53) completed self-report measures of body satisfaction, eating pathology and trait appearance comparison before viewing whole body images of thin/muscular and large men/women through an eye tracker. After viewing the images, participants completed self-report measures of body satisfaction and state appearance comparison, BMI was also recorded. Results revealed that higher BMI was associated with reduced body satisfaction. Problematic eating attitudes were associated with greater engagement in appearance comparison, which was linked to lower levels of body satisfaction. Exposure to idealised body images negatively impacted individuals with lower body satisfaction leading to lower levels of body satisfaction post-experiment. Findings provide support for the positive association between body dissatisfaction and attentional bias to idealised bodies in both women and men in a Chinese context.
本研究探讨了身体形象注意偏差的性别差异。58 名年龄在 18-29 岁之间的年轻人(平均年龄为 20.53 岁)采用实验设计,在通过眼动仪观看瘦弱/肌肉发达和高大的男性/女性的全身图像之前,完成了身体满意度、饮食病理学和特质外观比较的自我报告测量。观看完图片后,参与者完成了身体满意度和状态外观对比的自我报告测量,体重指数也被记录下来。结果显示,体重指数越高,身体满意度越低。有问题的饮食态度与更多的外貌比较有关,而外貌比较与较低的身体满意度有关。接触理想化的身体形象会对身体满意度较低的个体产生负面影响,导致实验后身体满意度较低。研究结果为中国女性和男性的身体不满意度与对理想化身体的注意偏差之间的正相关提供了支持。
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引用次数: 0
Adverse childhood experiences: A health risk in emerging adulthood 童年的不良经历:成年后的健康风险
IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241275592
Katherine Quezada-Gaibor, Aitana Gomis-Pomares, Lidón Villanueva
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) represent a child’s exposure to negative events that are detrimental to their mental and physical health. Despite this, very few studies have focused on the relationship between ACEs and physical health problems, in non-English-speaking populations and in emerging adulthood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the cumulative and differential impact of ACEs on diverse physical health problems in a Spanish population. Participants were 648 young adults (22% men), between the ages of 18 and 30 (mean age = 21.37, SD = 3.11), who completed the ACE Questionnaire and answered some questions about their health (e.g. asthma, obesity, global health). From the cumulative perspective, ACEs had a significant relationship with global health and asthma. Additionally, the differential approach revealed some specific ACEs related to three out of five health outcomes. Therefore, early detection of ACEs is of paramount importance to reduce their impact.
童年不良经历(ACEs)是指儿童所经历的不利于其身心健康的负面事件。尽管如此,很少有研究关注 ACE 与身体健康问题之间的关系,尤其是在非英语国家人群和成年期。因此,本研究旨在调查西班牙人群中 ACE 对各种身体健康问题的累积和不同影响。研究对象为 648 名年龄在 18 岁至 30 岁之间的年轻人(22% 为男性)(平均年龄 = 21.37 岁,SD = 3.11),他们填写了 ACE 问卷,并回答了一些有关其健康状况(如哮喘、肥胖、全球健康)的问题。从累积的角度来看,ACE 与总体健康和哮喘有显著的关系。此外,差异法显示,一些特定的 ACE 与五项健康结果中的三项有关。因此,及早发现 ACE 对减少其影响至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Rationalising a spectrum of problematic exercise: A qualitative study 合理解释问题运动的范围:定性研究
IF 3.2 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241274471
Kate Nicholls, Jane Ogden
Whilst a substantial body of evidence supports the benefits of exercise for physical and mental health, the overfocus on the benefits of exercise could result in harmful behaviours in some individuals. Conceptualised as a behavioural addiction, research often dichotomises the behaviour through a medical diagnostic model. The present qualitative study explored the meaning of problematic behaviour from the exerciser’s perspective. Nineteen UK-based frequent exercisers were interviewed regarding their experiences. Thematic analysis described three themes: ‘relentlessly pushing the limits’ of their personal best and comparing to others; ‘an enabling community’ which could promote problematic behaviours; and ‘the complexity of the ideal body’ focussing on perceptions of weight maintenance. Transcending these themes was the notion of ‘rationalising choices’. The results indicate that participants felt that the benefits outweighed the costs, encouraging them to continue, even when causing harm. These findings support the notion of problematic exercise as a continuum, rather than dichotomous.
虽然大量证据证明运动有益身心健康,但过度关注运动的益处可能会导致某些人产生有害行为。研究通常通过医学诊断模型,将运动成瘾概念化为一种行为成瘾,并将这种行为一分为二。本定性研究从锻炼者的角度探讨了问题行为的含义。研究人员就 19 名经常锻炼的英国人的经历进行了访谈。主题分析描述了三个主题:"坚持不懈地挑战极限 "个人最好成绩并与他人进行比较;"有利的社区 "可能会助长问题行为;"理想身体的复杂性 "侧重于对体重保持的看法。超越这些主题的是 "合理化选择 "的概念。研究结果表明,参与者认为运动带来的好处大于付出的代价,这鼓励他们继续运动,即使会造成伤害。这些研究结果支持了有问题的运动是一个连续体而不是二分法的概念。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Health Psychology
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