Travel Behaviour and Society最新文献_第4页

Impact of traffic campaigns on the average speed of vehicles on urban roads 交通宣传活动对城市道路平均车速的影响

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100976

Alan Ricardo da Silva, Tiago Moreira dos Santos

Many traffic deaths and injuries are related to speeding. Thus, establishing speed limits and enforcing them are fundamental measures for promoting safe traffic. It is known that automatic speed enforcement, in particular, the average speed enforcement, effectively counters excessive speeds. In Brazil, only on site inspection of speed is regulated. Thus, testing the effectiveness of other countermeasures in reducing the average vehicle speed is indispensable. This study aimed to analyze the effects of a traffic education campaign (exposure of drivers to damaged vehicles on public roads) on the average speed behavior of drivers on urban roads who usually travel above the allowed speed. The average speeds of the (paired) vehicles before and after the introduction of the educational campaign in three segments were compared. The obatined results showed that the traffic campaign was effective in reducing the average vehicle speed by drivers who usually traveled above the allowed speed in the analyzed segments. The magnitude of the campaign effect (average speed reduction) was observed to be greater during its execution and lost strength when interrupted, especially on the sixth and seventh days after completion, corroborating that the traffic campaign measures (although low cost and easy to execute) had limited effects on the time and place of their realization. The results of this study can be used in the future as an indicator that people actually do worry about the consequences of speeding, as is the case with the vision of damaged cars.

许多交通伤亡都与超速有关。因此，制定速度限制并加以执行是促进交通安全的基本措施。众所周知，自动限速执法，特别是平均限速执法，可以有效地对抗超速。在巴西，只有在现场检查速度才受到监管。因此，测试降低车辆平均速度的其他对策的有效性是必不可少的。本研究旨在分析交通教育活动（驾驶员在公共道路上接触损坏的车辆）对城市道路上通常以高于允许速度行驶的驾驶员的平均速度行为的影响。比较了三组（成对）车辆在引入教育活动前后的平均速度。得到的结果表明，交通运动对于降低在分析路段中通常超过允许速度的驾驶员的平均车速是有效的。运动效果的幅度（平均速度降低）在其执行期间被观察到更大，并且在完成后的第六天和第七天被中断，特别是在完成后的第六天和第七天，证实了交通运动措施（尽管成本低且易于执行）对其实现的时间和地点的影响有限。这项研究的结果可以在未来作为一个指标，表明人们确实担心超速的后果，就像看到被损坏的汽车一样。

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引用次数: 0

Eco-driving strategies in lane-change behaviors use: How do drivers reduce fuel consumption? 变道行为中的生态驾驶策略：驾驶员如何降低油耗？

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100970

Lixin Yan, Yating Gao, Guangyang Deng, Junhua Guo

To improve the energy efficiency and reduce emissions of motor vehicles, this study tests and compares five machine learning algorithms in conjunction with three sets of feature indicators to establish an assessment model for the ecological nature of lane-changing behavior. The model combining the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm and the Trend Feature Symbolic Aggregate Approximation (TFSAX) feature metrics set performs well. The effectiveness of the TFSAX feature metrics set in capturing factors influencing vehicle fuel consumption and driving behavior sequence features was also verified. Furthermore, it was concluded that the specific value of pedal pressing depth is not the primary factor contributing to differences in fuel consumption levels; rather, the magnitude of its trend largely determines fuel consumption levels. Therefore, the model we have developed has important applications in assessing the ecological aspects of lane-changing behavior on urban roads.

为了提高机动车的能源效率和减少排放，本研究测试和比较了五种机器学习算法，并结合三组特征指标，建立了变道行为的生态性质评估模型。结合极端梯度增强（XGBoost）算法和趋势特征符号聚合近似（TFSAX）特征度量集的模型表现良好。验证了TFSAX特征度量集在捕获影响车辆油耗因素和驾驶行为序列特征方面的有效性。结果表明，踏板踩深的具体数值并不是影响油耗水平差异的主要因素；相反，其趋势的大小在很大程度上决定了燃料消耗水平。因此，我们开发的模型在评估城市道路上变道行为的生态方面具有重要的应用。

引用次数: 0

A tale of two aging nations: How do urban designs impact older adults’ mobility in automobile versus transit societies? 两个老龄化国家的故事：在汽车社会和公交社会中，城市设计如何影响老年人的流动性？

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100961

Ashley Wan-Tzu Lo , Suman Kumar Mitra

Sustainability strategies have called for dense and accessible neighborhood designs to facilitate convenient access to desirable destinations for all, with a particular attention to transportation-disadvantaged populations such as older adults (aged 65 and older). However, few studies have examined and compared whether compact designs could help address the mobility needs of older people in automobile- and transit-oriented societies, even though aging populations are growing substantially. We analyze the travel and activity behaviors of older adults living in areas with completely different urban and transportation paradigms, the United States and Tokyo, Japan, based on the 2017 National Household Travel Survey and the 2018 Tokyo Person Trip Survey. After we account for the potential residential selection bias, we find that older people living in denser and more accessible environments in transit societies in Tokyo, Japan tended to conduct more active and transit tours but fewer automobile tours and shorter travel. Moreover, these older adults were more likely to be engaged in social, shopping, and recreational activities. For their counterparts in the U.S., built environments were found to have moderate impacts, but the possession of driver license and household vehicles showed greater explanatory power, which could be related to the country’s automobile-oriented culture. Our results suggest that dense and accessible neighborhood designs can enhance older people’s mobility with more out-of-home activities, but the influences of the macro-regional contexts and automobile-oriented culture should be cautiously taken into account.

可持续发展战略要求密集和无障碍的社区设计，以方便所有人前往理想的目的地，特别关注交通不便的人群，如老年人（65岁及以上）。然而，很少有研究调查和比较紧凑的设计是否能帮助解决汽车和交通导向社会中老年人的行动需求，即使老龄化人口正在大幅增长。基于2017年全国家庭旅行调查和2018年东京个人旅行调查，我们分析了生活在美国和日本东京这两个城市和交通模式完全不同地区的老年人的旅行和活动行为。在考虑了潜在的居住选择偏差后，我们发现，在日本东京的交通社会中，居住在更密集、更容易到达的环境中的老年人倾向于进行更积极的交通旅行，而较少的汽车旅行和短途旅行。此外，这些老年人更有可能参与社交、购物和娱乐活动。对于美国的同行来说，人造环境的影响是中等的，但拥有驾照和家庭车辆的解释力更大，这可能与美国以汽车为导向的文化有关。研究结果表明，密集、可达的社区设计可以增加老年人的户外活动，但需要谨慎考虑宏观区域背景和汽车导向文化的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Unmet walking needs and quality of life for older adults in China: Exploring the links

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100972

Jingwen Ma , Huanming Wang , Wu Li , Shengchuan Zhao , Wenwen Qin

The importance of outdoor mobility, notably walking, for older adults’ quality of life (QoL) is well recognized, but unmet walking needs have been understudied, especially in the context of urban planning. Our study provides a thorough analysis of the effects of both actual and unmet walking on various dimensions of QoL among Chinese older adults, including physical (PhyH), psychological (PsyH), and social health (SH). We present new theoretical frameworks that considers the mediating effects of PhyH, PsyH, and SH, which adds to the existing knowledge of how mobility influences the wellbeing of the aging population. Our model, validated with data from 533 older adults in China, reveals that unmet walking needs negatively affect all dimensions of QoL, including overall QoL, PhyH, PsyH, and SH. In contrast, the actual walking frequencies are related only to PhyH and PsyH. Additionally, we find that PhyH, PsyH, and SH have distinct impacts on overall QoL, with PhyH and SH mediating the relationship between unmet walking frequencies and overall QoL. These findings are crucial for urban planners seeking to develop more inclusive and age-friendly urban environments that cater to the multifaceted needs of older adults, thereby fostering a more holistic approach to enhancing their QoL.

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引用次数: 0

Mobility chameleons: The current and potential users of shared micromobility 移动性变色龙：共享微移动性的当前和潜在用户

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100967

Roxani Gkavra , Yusak O. Susilo , Anna Grigolon , Karst Geurs , Oliver Roider

Bike and e-scooter sharing schemes are an emerging addition to modern urban mobility systems. The research aims to identify the mobility and sociodemographic user profile of bike and e-scooter sharing and understand the key determinants of people’s intention to use these modes in the future. To consider the effect of local context on shared micromobility usage, the study exploited survey data (N = 1607) that were collected in three European urban areas (Brussels, Munich, and Vienna). The obtained dataset provided information on respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics, mobility capabilities and preferences, including travel frequency by bike and e-scooter sharing services. The survey also collected information on respondents’ likelihood of travelling by shared micromobility in the future. The profile of current users was revealed by conducting a Latent Class Analysis (LCA). The measurement and membership LCA models were estimated based on the mobility and sociodemographic data, respectively. The three-class LCA model uncovered that shared micromobility users are mostly members of the so-called “Mobility chameleons” population group whereas few users belong to the “Car lovers” and the “Public transport fans” classes. Mobility chameleons travel by private, public, and shared modes, as well as by both motorized and active modes. Males, with medium and high income, who own a smartphone, dominate this group. Although mobility chameleons are present in all study areas, their share in the population varies. Regarding potential future usage, people’s willingness to travel by shared micromobility in the future is much higher than the present usage levels captured. Modelling the potential demand revealed that while many factors similarly influence the likelihood of travelling by bike and e-scooter sharing, the significance and strength of the effects vary for the two modes. The present research findings provide relevant input for modelling as well as predicting shared micromobility usage.

自行车和电动滑板车共享计划是现代城市交通系统的新兴组成部分。该研究旨在确定自行车和电动滑板车共享的移动性和社会人口统计用户概况，并了解人们未来使用这些模式的意图的关键决定因素。为了考虑当地环境对共享微交通工具使用的影响，该研究利用了在三个欧洲城市地区（布鲁塞尔、慕尼黑和维也纳）收集的调查数据（N = 1607）。获得的数据集提供了受访者的社会经济特征、移动能力和偏好的信息，包括自行车和电动滑板车共享服务的出行频率。该调查还收集了受访者未来使用共享微出行方式的可能性信息。通过进行潜在类别分析（LCA）揭示了当前用户的概况。基于流动性和社会人口统计数据分别估算了测量和成员LCA模型。三级LCA模型发现，共享微出行用户大多属于所谓的“出行变色龙”群体，而属于“汽车爱好者”和“公共交通爱好者”群体的用户很少。出行方式千变万化，包括私人出行、公共出行和共享出行，以及机动出行和主动出行。拥有智能手机的中高收入男性在这一群体中占主导地位。虽然所有的研究区域都有变色龙，但它们在种群中的比例各不相同。关于潜在的未来使用情况，人们未来通过共享微交通出行的意愿远远高于目前的使用水平。对潜在需求的建模显示，虽然许多因素相似地影响了自行车和电动滑板车共享出行的可能性，但两种模式的影响程度和强度各不相同。目前的研究结果为建模和预测共享微流动性的使用提供了相关的输入。

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引用次数: 0

Moving towards climate-resilient mobility: Challenges and emerging trends

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100971

Wei Zhai , Xinyue Ye

The special issue explores the urgent need for climate-resilient urban transportation systems in response to increasing climate-related disasters. It emphasizes the importance of data-driven resilience planning that considers how diverse human mobility patterns influence vulnerability during crises. Studies highlighted include human evacuation behaviors during Hurricane Irma and the Marshall Fire, revealing how risk perception and socioeconomic factors shape response actions. Autonomous shuttles and other adaptive transit solutions demonstrate the potential for low-emission alternatives in resilient urban mobility. Further studies examine flood impacts on commuting and emergency response in flood-prone areas like Wuhan and Shanghai, underscoring the value of machine learning and predictive traffic models. Heat-related challenges are explored, with findings on gender disparities and the resilience of bike-sharing during heatwaves. Throughout, environmental justice emerges as essential to resilience planning, as lower-income and high-risk populations bear disproportionate impacts from climate hazards. For future research, co-produced knowledge that includes diverse stakeholders will be key to creating inclusive and resilient urban mobility solutions that address both technological and social dimensions of climate adaptation.

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引用次数: 0

Impact of spatial function complementarity on outshopping flows: A spatial interaction model

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100965

Xiao Zuopeng, Li Yonglin, Zhang Chengbo

Outshopping behaviour, defined as consumers traveling outside their local areas for shopping, is a pervasive phenomenon. Understanding the interaction between outshopping and urban spatial structure is critical for urban, retail, and transport planning. In the case of Shenzhen, China, this study mapped outshopping patterns using real-time visitation data from 97,682 records across 138 shopping malls. By leveraging spatial interaction models, this study examined how urban structure moderates the influence of spatial function complementarity (SFC) on outshopping flow volume. The findings reveal that outshopping flows predominantly occur within central areas, followed by flows from suburban areas to central zones. The effects of SFC on outshopping flow volume vary depending on the direction related to urban structure, underscoring the role of urban structure in shaping outshopping patterns. This study advocates for nuanced policy responses that differentiate between daily-life consumption and high-level shopping behaviour. It calls for a spatially equitable provision of commercial facilities to balance local demand satisfaction while strategically supporting SFC for high-level shopping behaviour when promoting X-minute city.

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引用次数: 0

Coupled design of urban and interurban transit networks with a park-and-ride system: Analytical formulation and case study in Barcelona 城市和城际交通网络与停车换乘系统的耦合设计：巴塞罗那分析公式和案例研究

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100963

B. Pallarès , H. Badia , M. Estrada

This research presents an analytical model for the coupled design of an urban transit network and an interurban one supported by park-and-ride facilities. The former network facilitates the mobility in the centre of the metropolitan area while the interurban services satisfy the centripetal connections from the metropolitan outskirts where park-and-rides are scattered. These three components of the system are interconnected. Both networks share common transfer stops in the main corridors of the central city while park-and-rides are the access points to the interurban network in the periphery. Consequently, the model introduces the concept of coupled networks to define the interrelations between two transit services and the park-and-ride facilities. The variables of density of park-and-ride stations, spacings among corridors and operating headways, control the design of the entire system. Moreover, the model is adaptive to diverse cities with different geographical constraints (e.g. sea or mountain boundaries).

The upper-level of a bi-level formulation minimizes user and agency costs of the system searching for the optimal joint configurations of urban and interurban networks and density of park-and-rides. This optimal design depends on a lower-level that computes the optimal location of the last park-and-ride ring and the resulting modal split derived from the performance of the transit system. This problem has been solved using a grid search method.

Lastly, the model is applied with real data from the metropolis of Barcelona (Spain), revelling that the optimal location for the park-and-ride rings is further from the central city when demand at its entrances is higher. In addition, the model prioritizes accessibility for the urban network and maintains low waiting times for the interurban services, establishing a clear hierarchy between them. The coupled optimization of both networks reduces general costs by 4.6%, emphasizing the significance of considering the entire transit system.

本文提出了一个基于泊车换乘的城市交通网络与城际交通网络耦合设计的分析模型。前者的网络促进了大都市区中心的交通，而城际服务则满足了从分散的停车和游乐设施的大都市郊区向心连接。系统的这三个组成部分是相互联系的。这两个网络在中心城市的主要走廊上共享公共换乘站，而停车和乘车是外围城市间网络的接入点。因此，该模型引入了耦合网络的概念来定义两种交通服务和停车换乘设施之间的相互关系。停车换乘站的密度、走廊之间的间距和运营车道等变量控制着整个系统的设计。此外，该模型可适应不同地理约束（如海洋或山脉边界）的不同城市。双层公式的上层最大限度地减少了系统搜索城市和城际网络的最佳联合配置以及停车和乘车密度的用户和代理成本。这种优化设计依赖于一个较低的层次，它计算出最后一个停车换乘环的最佳位置，以及由此产生的交通系统性能的模态分裂。利用网格搜索方法解决了这一问题。最后，将该模型应用于来自巴塞罗那（西班牙）大都市的真实数据，结果表明，当入口需求较高时，停车换乘环的最佳位置离中心城市更远。此外，该模型优先考虑城市网络的可达性，并保持城市间服务的低等待时间，在它们之间建立明确的层次结构。两个网络的耦合优化降低了总成本4.6%，强调了考虑整个交通系统的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

From shared to residential mobility services? Carsharing and bike-sharing development under the influence of flexible parking requirements 从共享出行到住宅出行服务？灵活停车需求影响下的汽车共享和自行车共享发展

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100968

Erika Styre, Fredrik Johansson

As a way of decreasing car ownership and use, one of the significant causes of road passenger transport-related emissions, a growing number of municipalities in Sweden and globally promote car- and bike-sharing by implementing Flexible Parking Requirements. Evaluations of how these requirements affect mobility patterns among residents are emerging. Still, research on the implications for the carsharing and bike-sharing business models and overall service development is lacking. This paper aims to address this by investigating how the development of car- and bike-sharing services is affected by Flexible Parking Requirements. We study four cases based on mobility service providers and specific properties in Sweden through the lens of business model literature and actor-network theory. The results uncover specific narratives, assemblages and challenges related to each case. The carsharing services highlighted the difference in success between open-access and exclusive residential mobility services. Bike-sharing services were characterized by diverse weaknesses and threats that must be addressed for functioning services. The results indicate Flexible Parking Requirements being an important actant of change in defining the services offerings and shaping assemblages. A plethora of actants is identified in the assemblage around car- and bike-sharing services. The paper helps to identify the missing pieces in aligning all of them to have persistence and lasting services. In the concluding discussion, the new roles of the apartment blocks and residential mobility services are discussed within the transport system.

作为减少汽车拥有量和使用的一种方式，这是道路客运相关排放的重要原因之一，瑞典和全球越来越多的城市通过实施灵活停车要求来促进汽车和自行车共享。对这些要求如何影响居民流动模式的评估正在出现。然而，关于汽车共享和自行车共享商业模式以及整体服务发展的影响的研究还很缺乏。本文旨在通过调查汽车和自行车共享服务的发展如何受到灵活停车要求的影响来解决这个问题。我们通过商业模式文献和行动者网络理论的视角，研究了四个基于瑞典移动服务提供商和特定属性的案例。结果揭示了与每个案例相关的具体叙述、组合和挑战。汽车共享服务突出了开放访问和独家住宅移动服务之间的成功差异。共享单车服务的特点是各种各样的弱点和威胁，必须解决这些问题才能正常运行。结果表明，灵活停车要求是定义服务产品和形成组合的重要因素。在汽车和自行车共享服务的集合中发现了过多的参与者。本文帮助识别在将它们对齐到具有持久性和持久服务的过程中缺失的部分。在最后的讨论中，讨论了公寓楼和住宅移动服务在交通系统中的新角色。

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引用次数: 0

How incentives affect commuter willingness for public transport: Analysis of travel mode shift across various cities 激励措施如何影响乘客乘坐公共交通工具的意愿：对不同城市出行方式转变的分析

IF 5.1 2区工程技术 Q1 TRANSPORTATION

Travel Behaviour and Society

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.tbs.2024.100966

Bing Liu , Zhenliang Ma , Hui Kong , Xiaolei Ma

Incentive-based strategies tailored to individual preferences can motivate commuters to adopt public transit, potentially easing road congestion and fostering ecofriendly urban travel. However, understanding diverse responses to these incentives has been challenging due to low survey participation and certain homogeneity assumptions, limiting our knowledge of individuals’ preferences for using public transit in different cities. To address this, our study employs a latent class choice model and mixed logit model to analyze individual responses to incentives and identify key factors that influence the effectiveness of these incentives. Data for this analysis was sourced from a mobile navigation application, covering 34 cities within China, thereby enabling the analysis of individuals within each latent class to reveal their diverse preferences for using public transit within different cities. Our findings indicate significant individual differences in response to incentives, categorized into three main latent classes: Class 1 individuals exhibit minimal influence from incentives; those in Class 2 demonstrate moderate responsiveness, especially to food and shopping coupons; and Class 3 individuals, whose decision-making is significantly affected by education level, gender, and travel mode preference, show a high degree of responsiveness to incentives. These insights are invaluable for policymakers seeking to design more effective, tailored incentive schemes to encourage public transit adoption.

根据个人偏好量身定制的激励战略可以激励通勤者采用公共交通，从而缓解道路拥堵，促进生态友好型城市出行。然而，由于调查参与度低和某些同质性假设，我们对不同城市中个人使用公共交通偏好的了解受到限制，因此要了解人们对这些激励措施的不同反应具有挑战性。为了解决这个问题，我们的研究采用了潜类选择模型和混合对数模型来分析个人对激励措施的反应，并找出影响这些激励措施有效性的关键因素。用于分析的数据来自一个移动导航应用程序，覆盖中国 34 个城市，从而能够对每个潜类中的个体进行分析，揭示他们在不同城市中使用公共交通的不同偏好。我们的研究结果表明，个体对激励措施的反应存在明显差异，主要分为三个潜在类别：第一类个体受激励措施的影响极小；第二类个体对激励措施的反应适中，尤其是对食品和购物券的反应；第三类个体的决策受教育水平、性别和出行方式偏好的影响较大，对激励措施的反应程度较高。这些见解对决策者设计更有效、更有针对性的激励方案以鼓励采用公共交通非常有价值。

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引用次数: 0