Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.1177/15570851211003964
Laura L. Rubino, V. Anderson, N. McKenna
Understanding court-involved girls’ pathways has been an important area of inquiry among feminist criminologists, and is especially crucial through an intersectional lens. This research highlights the intersectional identities of youth in the system using qualitative interview data from a Midwestern juvenile court (n = 39). Modified analytic induction was used to develop assertions and examine perceived pathways present in the narratives of court staff. Findings indicate that juvenile practitioner biases affect the way the court responds to youth with a focus on girls across intersectional identities. These findings have implications for theory, practice, and policy for working with court-involved youth of all genders.
{"title":"Examining the Disconnect in Youth Pathways and Court Responses: How Bias Invades Across Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Sexual Orientation","authors":"Laura L. Rubino, V. Anderson, N. McKenna","doi":"10.1177/15570851211003964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15570851211003964","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding court-involved girls’ pathways has been an important area of inquiry among feminist criminologists, and is especially crucial through an intersectional lens. This research highlights the intersectional identities of youth in the system using qualitative interview data from a Midwestern juvenile court (n = 39). Modified analytic induction was used to develop assertions and examine perceived pathways present in the narratives of court staff. Findings indicate that juvenile practitioner biases affect the way the court responds to youth with a focus on girls across intersectional identities. These findings have implications for theory, practice, and policy for working with court-involved youth of all genders.","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"16 1","pages":"480 - 503"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/15570851211003964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45298108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1177/15570851211006471
Alyse Sherrick
Recently, Burt expressed concern that in allowing gender to supersede sex, The Equality Act will endanger ciswomen. Gender/sex identities, however, are not as simple as the sexual dimorphic structure Burt introduces. I argue that it is important to validate trans individuals’ identities and give trans women, in particular, access to women’s spaces to reduce the high rates of psychological stress and physical dangers that trans individuals face on a daily basis. I end with solutions that could allow gender to supersede sex while also protecting ciswomen.
{"title":"Gender Identity and Trans Equality: A Comment on Burt","authors":"Alyse Sherrick","doi":"10.1177/15570851211006471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15570851211006471","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, Burt expressed concern that in allowing gender to supersede sex, The Equality Act will endanger ciswomen. Gender/sex identities, however, are not as simple as the sexual dimorphic structure Burt introduces. I argue that it is important to validate trans individuals’ identities and give trans women, in particular, access to women’s spaces to reduce the high rates of psychological stress and physical dangers that trans individuals face on a daily basis. I end with solutions that could allow gender to supersede sex while also protecting ciswomen.","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"16 1","pages":"532 - 538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/15570851211006471","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42718592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1177/15570851211005332
Leslie Gordon Simons, Tara E. Sutton
Domestic violence continues to be a significant and global problem for women and girls (World Health Organization, 2017). This special issue is designed to highlight the excellent recent scholarship on domestic violence, with emphasis on work from the past decade, and to identify the substantial areas in which additional work is needed, especially for BIPOC and trans women as well as gender non-conforming individuals. An intersectional, feminist framework provides the necessary lens through which many current and future advances have and can continue to be made. We sought to reflect this approach through the selection of topics as well as the composition of BIPOC and queer authors and reviewers of the articles in this special issue. The articles included address domestic violence theory, methods, measurement, social context, application, and policy. Below, the articles are introduced and summarized. The issue opens with an article by Beth Richie, Valli Kanuha, and Kayla Martensen, Colluding With and Resisting the State: Organizing Against Gender Violence in the U.S., that traces the history of the battered women’s movement in the U.S. from the lived experiences of two queer scholar-activists. They address the heteronormative, white beginnings of the battered women’s movement; the grassroots movements to include women in the margins initiated by and for women of color, LGBTQ+ individuals, and sex workers; the influence of Crenshaw’s (1991) intersectionality framework, which originated from a critical race, feminist lens for viewing violence against Black and other multiply marginalized women; an evaluation of the unintended
{"title":"A Review of Feminist Scholarship on Domestic Violence and Innovative Pathways Forward: An Introduction to the Special Issue","authors":"Leslie Gordon Simons, Tara E. Sutton","doi":"10.1177/15570851211005332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15570851211005332","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic violence continues to be a significant and global problem for women and girls (World Health Organization, 2017). This special issue is designed to highlight the excellent recent scholarship on domestic violence, with emphasis on work from the past decade, and to identify the substantial areas in which additional work is needed, especially for BIPOC and trans women as well as gender non-conforming individuals. An intersectional, feminist framework provides the necessary lens through which many current and future advances have and can continue to be made. We sought to reflect this approach through the selection of topics as well as the composition of BIPOC and queer authors and reviewers of the articles in this special issue. The articles included address domestic violence theory, methods, measurement, social context, application, and policy. Below, the articles are introduced and summarized. The issue opens with an article by Beth Richie, Valli Kanuha, and Kayla Martensen, Colluding With and Resisting the State: Organizing Against Gender Violence in the U.S., that traces the history of the battered women’s movement in the U.S. from the lived experiences of two queer scholar-activists. They address the heteronormative, white beginnings of the battered women’s movement; the grassroots movements to include women in the margins initiated by and for women of color, LGBTQ+ individuals, and sex workers; the influence of Crenshaw’s (1991) intersectionality framework, which originated from a critical race, feminist lens for viewing violence against Black and other multiply marginalized women; an evaluation of the unintended","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"16 1","pages":"239 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/15570851211005332","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42608521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.1177/15570851211004749
N. Todak, Lindsay Leban, Benjamin Hixon
Using national survey and interview data from women patrol officers in the United States, we assess whether women are underrepresented in the upper ranks of policing because they are self-selecting out of promotions. With only 42% of the survey sample reporting a desire to promote, we indeed find evidence that many policewomen are either delaying or forgoing promotions. Among those who were eligible for promotion, the most common reasons given for waiting to promote were the desire to keep one’s current shift and to gain more experience. Based on our findings, we offer recommendations for reducing gendered barriers to promotion and increasing gender diversity in the upper ranks of law enforcement.
{"title":"Are Women Opting Out? A Mixed Methods Study of Women Patrol Officers’ Promotional Aspirations","authors":"N. Todak, Lindsay Leban, Benjamin Hixon","doi":"10.1177/15570851211004749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15570851211004749","url":null,"abstract":"Using national survey and interview data from women patrol officers in the United States, we assess whether women are underrepresented in the upper ranks of policing because they are self-selecting out of promotions. With only 42% of the survey sample reporting a desire to promote, we indeed find evidence that many policewomen are either delaying or forgoing promotions. Among those who were eligible for promotion, the most common reasons given for waiting to promote were the desire to keep one’s current shift and to gain more experience. Based on our findings, we offer recommendations for reducing gendered barriers to promotion and increasing gender diversity in the upper ranks of law enforcement.","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"16 1","pages":"658 - 679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/15570851211004749","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42093221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-20DOI: 10.1177/15570851211001922
J. Green
Literature on unwanted sexual attention in the night-time economy has focused predominantly on patrons and ignores those who are employed in it. This paper draws on participant observations of, and interviews with, 10 current, and 5 former, bartenders’ engagement with unwanted behaviors at a public house. Data gathered will outline the common and infrequent forms of unwanted sexual attention and who the perpetrators are. I also remold the concept of ‘feisty femininity’ to reflect female bartenders’ combative strategies against male customers. I end with a suggestion for the implementation of specific training strategies for all employed in licensed venues.
{"title":"Smashing Backdoors in and the Wandering Eye: An Introduction to Bartenders’ Experiences with Unwanted Sexual Attention while Working in the UK","authors":"J. Green","doi":"10.1177/15570851211001922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15570851211001922","url":null,"abstract":"Literature on unwanted sexual attention in the night-time economy has focused predominantly on patrons and ignores those who are employed in it. This paper draws on participant observations of, and interviews with, 10 current, and 5 former, bartenders’ engagement with unwanted behaviors at a public house. Data gathered will outline the common and infrequent forms of unwanted sexual attention and who the perpetrators are. I also remold the concept of ‘feisty femininity’ to reflect female bartenders’ combative strategies against male customers. I end with a suggestion for the implementation of specific training strategies for all employed in licensed venues.","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"17 1","pages":"96 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/15570851211001922","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44415188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-17DOI: 10.1177/1557085121998748
Kristan N. Russell, Kjerstin Gruys
In this study we investigate the intersecting impacts of perpetrators’ gender, sexuality, and age on perceptions of teacher sexual misconduct. When the teacher was a woman, respondents perceived the relationship to be less detrimental to the student, the student to be more mature and responsible, and the relationship as more acceptable. Heterosexual pairings were perceived as more acceptable than same-sex pairings, with the student perceived as more mature and responsible. Lastly, when the teacher was older respondents perceived them as more responsible and the student as having psychological issues contributing to the relationship.
{"title":"How Do Gender, Sexuality, and Age Impact Perceptions of Teacher Sexual Misconduct? An Intersectional Vignette-Based Study","authors":"Kristan N. Russell, Kjerstin Gruys","doi":"10.1177/1557085121998748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085121998748","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we investigate the intersecting impacts of perpetrators’ gender, sexuality, and age on perceptions of teacher sexual misconduct. When the teacher was a woman, respondents perceived the relationship to be less detrimental to the student, the student to be more mature and responsible, and the relationship as more acceptable. Heterosexual pairings were perceived as more acceptable than same-sex pairings, with the student perceived as more mature and responsible. Lastly, when the teacher was older respondents perceived them as more responsible and the student as having psychological issues contributing to the relationship.","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"17 1","pages":"75 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1557085121998748","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48635504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-12DOI: 10.1177/1557085121993210
Ting-Yan Wang
In this paper, I propose a new theory that ascribes the increasing female crime share to unequal emancipatory advancement between women’s ideological aspirations and institutional means in modern times. Accordingly, it is proposed that an incommensurate pace in progression inflicts gender-specific deprivation on women, which increases their share of crime. The theory is tested with Uniform Crime Reporting data from 1980 to 2017 across offense types. The findings indicate that mismatched liberation increases the female share of violent and property crimes, especially for adult cohorts and among samples after 1988 when women’s ends-means gap was found to be enlarged.
{"title":"Mismatched Liberation Theory: A Comparative Method to Explain Increasing Female Crime Share in the United States","authors":"Ting-Yan Wang","doi":"10.1177/1557085121993210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085121993210","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I propose a new theory that ascribes the increasing female crime share to unequal emancipatory advancement between women’s ideological aspirations and institutional means in modern times. Accordingly, it is proposed that an incommensurate pace in progression inflicts gender-specific deprivation on women, which increases their share of crime. The theory is tested with Uniform Crime Reporting data from 1980 to 2017 across offense types. The findings indicate that mismatched liberation increases the female share of violent and property crimes, especially for adult cohorts and among samples after 1988 when women’s ends-means gap was found to be enlarged.","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"16 1","pages":"547 - 582"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1557085121993210","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49338740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-01DOI: 10.1177/1557085121991670
H. Corman, Dhaval M. Dave, N. Reichman
We investigate how welfare reform in the U.S. in the 1990s shaped the age gradient in women’s property crime arrests. Using Federal Bureau of Investigation data, we investigated the age-patterning of effects of welfare reform on women’s arrests for property crime, the type of crime that welfare reform has been shown to affect. We found that welfare reform reduced women’s property crime arrests by about 4%, with particularly strong effects for women ages 25 to 29, slightly stronger effects in states with stricter work incentives, and much stronger effects in states with high per capita criminal justice expenditures.
{"title":"Age Gradient in Women’s Crime: The Role of Welfare Reform","authors":"H. Corman, Dhaval M. Dave, N. Reichman","doi":"10.1177/1557085121991670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085121991670","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate how welfare reform in the U.S. in the 1990s shaped the age gradient in women’s property crime arrests. Using Federal Bureau of Investigation data, we investigated the age-patterning of effects of welfare reform on women’s arrests for property crime, the type of crime that welfare reform has been shown to affect. We found that welfare reform reduced women’s property crime arrests by about 4%, with particularly strong effects for women ages 25 to 29, slightly stronger effects in states with stricter work incentives, and much stronger effects in states with high per capita criminal justice expenditures.","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"16 1","pages":"631 - 657"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1557085121991670","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46429165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-29DOI: 10.1177/1557085121991337
N. Upadhyay
In this comment, I challenge Burt’s colonial epistemological framework in her theorizations of sex, gender, and transness. Drawing upon anti-racist, decolonial, and trans of color feminisms, I argue that transphobia is inherent to white feminisms due to its roots in colonialism. Heteropatriarchy and cisnormativity are products of colonialism, and feminists who espouse transphobic discourses invariably reproduce colonial and white supremacist frameworks of patriarchy and gender violence.
{"title":"Coloniality of White Feminism and Its Transphobia: A Comment on Burt","authors":"N. Upadhyay","doi":"10.1177/1557085121991337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085121991337","url":null,"abstract":"In this comment, I challenge Burt’s colonial epistemological framework in her theorizations of sex, gender, and transness. Drawing upon anti-racist, decolonial, and trans of color feminisms, I argue that transphobia is inherent to white feminisms due to its roots in colonialism. Heteropatriarchy and cisnormativity are products of colonialism, and feminists who espouse transphobic discourses invariably reproduce colonial and white supremacist frameworks of patriarchy and gender violence.","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"16 1","pages":"539 - 544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1557085121991337","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48987847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-27DOI: 10.1177/1557085121991336
S. Mezey
There are three reason why I disagree with the author’s premise that 2019 Equality Act disadvantages women by blurring the distinction between sex and gender identity. First, it ignores current legal theory and practice that sex discrimination encompasses gender identity discrimination in federal law; second, it has not made a sufficient case that the Act’s interpretation of sex would harm women; third, it incorrectly assumes gender equality in the workplace can be achieved while sex-segregated spaces remain segregated by biological sex. In sum, revising the Equality Act to exempt women’s spaces would sacrifice the principle of gender equality upon which the Act is based.
{"title":"In Favor of the 2019 Equality Act: A Comment on Burt","authors":"S. Mezey","doi":"10.1177/1557085121991336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1557085121991336","url":null,"abstract":"There are three reason why I disagree with the author’s premise that 2019 Equality Act disadvantages women by blurring the distinction between sex and gender identity. First, it ignores current legal theory and practice that sex discrimination encompasses gender identity discrimination in federal law; second, it has not made a sufficient case that the Act’s interpretation of sex would harm women; third, it incorrectly assumes gender equality in the workplace can be achieved while sex-segregated spaces remain segregated by biological sex. In sum, revising the Equality Act to exempt women’s spaces would sacrifice the principle of gender equality upon which the Act is based.","PeriodicalId":51587,"journal":{"name":"Feminist Criminology","volume":"16 1","pages":"526 - 531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1557085121991336","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44007171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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