Saja Mahir Mohammed, Zainab Hassan Hashim, Qasim Sh. Al-Mayah, Mahir Mohammed Hussein
Introduction and Aim: The zinc finger protein 804A (ZNF804A) gene has garnered significant interest as a gene associated with an increased risk of psychosis. This interest stems from the strong association observed between a specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), namely rs1344706, within the ZNF804A gene, and various psychosis phenotypes, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. In this study, we aimed to assess the functional impact of ZNF804A gene polymorphism in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and methamphetamine addiction. Materials and Methods: This nested case control research included 50 individuals with schizophrenia and 50 methamphetamine (crystal) users recruited from Ibn-Rushed Psychiatric Teaching Hospital in Baghdad. 50 healthy subjects were also recruited as a control group. All participants were subjected to thorough physical examination. The serum concentration of Zinc Finger Protein-804A (ZNF804A) was determined using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood samples, and the Taqman allelic discrimination method was used to genotype the ZNF804A gene rs1344706 polymorphism. Results: Patients with schizophrenia had a significantly higher median level of ZNF804A (48.67 ng/L) than controls (25.56 ng/L) or methamphetamine users (35.62 ng/L). The SNP rs1344706 homozygous (AA) genotype was more common in schizophrenia patients (36% vs. 16%) and methamphetamine addiction patients (4%), with significant differences (OR= 1.32, 95%CI= 1.32-11.75, p=0.014 and OR= 11.7, 95%CI=02.43-56.4, p=0.002, respectively). Conclusion: The AA genotype of rs1344706 polymorphism could be considered a risk factor for schizophrenia but has a protective role against methamphetamine addiction. Serum level of ZNF804A could be used to confirm the diagnosis of schizophrenia in young individuals with subtle clinical features.
{"title":"Assessment of the role of zinc finger protein-804a (znf804a) (rs1344706) gene polymorphism in schizophrenia and methamphetamine addiction patients","authors":"Saja Mahir Mohammed, Zainab Hassan Hashim, Qasim Sh. Al-Mayah, Mahir Mohammed Hussein","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2819","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: The zinc finger protein 804A (ZNF804A) gene has garnered significant interest as a gene associated with an increased risk of psychosis. This interest stems from the strong association observed between a specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), namely rs1344706, within the ZNF804A gene, and various psychosis phenotypes, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. In this study, we aimed to assess the functional impact of ZNF804A gene polymorphism in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and methamphetamine addiction.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: This nested case control research included 50 individuals with schizophrenia and 50 methamphetamine (crystal) users recruited from Ibn-Rushed Psychiatric Teaching Hospital in Baghdad. 50 healthy subjects were also recruited as a control group. All participants were subjected to thorough physical examination. The serum concentration of Zinc Finger Protein-804A (ZNF804A) was determined using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood samples, and the Taqman allelic discrimination method was used to genotype the ZNF804A gene rs1344706 polymorphism.\u0000 \u0000Results: Patients with schizophrenia had a significantly higher median level of ZNF804A (48.67 ng/L) than controls (25.56 ng/L) or methamphetamine users (35.62 ng/L). The SNP rs1344706 homozygous (AA) genotype was more common in schizophrenia patients (36% vs. 16%) and methamphetamine addiction patients (4%), with significant differences (OR= 1.32, 95%CI= 1.32-11.75, p=0.014 and OR= 11.7, 95%CI=02.43-56.4, p=0.002, respectively).\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The AA genotype of rs1344706 polymorphism could be considered a risk factor for schizophrenia but has a protective role against methamphetamine addiction. Serum level of ZNF804A could be used to confirm the diagnosis of schizophrenia in young individuals with subtle clinical features. ","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48721861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and Aim: In developed countries, carotid artery stenosis (CAS) has a considerable impact on mortality and disability rates. Genetic risk factors for CAS have also been linked, in addition to environmental risk factors. This study sought to determine whether there may be a link between three polymorphisms in the LPL gene and the emergence of CAS. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty participants were enrolled in this case-control study, including 60 individuals with CAS and 60 healthy subjects serving as the control group. The demographic and clinical data were collected from each participant. Whole blood samples were obtained to study the genomic DNA where a specific LPL gene fragment corresponding to the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs320, rs328, and rs285 was amplified using designated primers. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used for genotyping. Results: The mutant allele (C) of the rs285 polymorphism was more frequent in patients than controls (45% vs. 32.5%; OR=1.7, 95% CI= 1.01- 2.87; p=0.048). The TCC haplotype block (T allele of rs320, C allele of rs285, and C allele of rs328) was significantly more prevalent in patients compared to controls (OR= 2.0, 95% CI= 1.03-3.77, p= 0.039). On the other hand, controls (23.33%) had significantly more of the haplotype block GTG than did patients (8.33%) (OR = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.14-0.065, p = 0.002). The SNPs rs320 (D' = 0.63) and rs328 (D' = 0.61) have weak relationships with rs385. Conclusion: The C allele of rs285 polymorphism could be considered a risk factor for CAS. While the haplotype block GTG was thought to play a protective role, the haplotype block TCC (T allele of rs320, C allele of rs285, and C allele of rs328) may increase the risk of CAS.
{"title":"Lipoprotein lipase gene polymorphisms and their association with the development and severity of carotid artery stenosis","authors":"Mahmood Shaker Khazaal, Farqad Bader Hamdan, Qasim Sharhan Al-Mayah","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2818","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: In developed countries, carotid artery stenosis (CAS) has a considerable impact on mortality and disability rates. Genetic risk factors for CAS have also been linked, in addition to environmental risk factors. This study sought to determine whether there may be a link between three polymorphisms in the LPL gene and the emergence of CAS.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty participants were enrolled in this case-control study, including 60 individuals with CAS and 60 healthy subjects serving as the control group. The demographic and clinical data were collected from each participant. Whole blood samples were obtained to study the genomic DNA where a specific LPL gene fragment corresponding to the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs320, rs328, and rs285 was amplified using designated primers. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used for genotyping.\u0000 \u0000Results: The mutant allele (C) of the rs285 polymorphism was more frequent in patients than controls (45% vs. 32.5%; OR=1.7, 95% CI= 1.01- 2.87; p=0.048). The TCC haplotype block (T allele of rs320, C allele of rs285, and C allele of rs328) was significantly more prevalent in patients compared to controls (OR= 2.0, 95% CI= 1.03-3.77, p= 0.039). On the other hand, controls (23.33%) had significantly more of the haplotype block GTG than did patients (8.33%) (OR = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.14-0.065, p = 0.002). The SNPs rs320 (D' = 0.63) and rs328 (D' = 0.61) have weak relationships with rs385.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The C allele of rs285 polymorphism could be considered a risk factor for CAS. While the haplotype block GTG was thought to play a protective role, the haplotype block TCC (T allele of rs320, C allele of rs285, and C allele of rs328) may increase the risk of CAS.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49525582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the molecules which have oxygen an atom in its highly reactive form. ROS are formed as a byproduct of normal metabolism and are removed by the antioxidants and enzymes present in the system. But, uncontrolled formation of ROS due to various factors like diseases or stress causes damage to the biomolecules. This oxidation of biomolecules by ROS might help in the progression of human diseases. Understanding the mechanism of development of different human diseases caused due to ROS will help to control the severity of the diseases. Also, on the basis of types of ROS involved, an antioxidant supplement can be selected to mitigate the effect of ROS and ultimately lower the severity of the disease. In this review article, we have tried to summarize the literature available from different sources on ROS formation, biomolecule oxidation and their impact on the progression of various diseases in humans.
{"title":"Impact of reactive oxygen species on the progression of human diseases by damaging biomolecules","authors":"V. Pathak, R. Kant, Navneeta R. Kumar","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2439","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the molecules which have oxygen an atom in its highly reactive form. ROS are formed as a byproduct of normal metabolism and are removed by the antioxidants and enzymes present in the system. But, uncontrolled formation of ROS due to various factors like diseases or stress causes damage to the biomolecules. This oxidation of biomolecules by ROS might help in the progression of human diseases. Understanding the mechanism of development of different human diseases caused due to ROS will help to control the severity of the diseases. Also, on the basis of types of ROS involved, an antioxidant supplement can be selected to mitigate the effect of ROS and ultimately lower the severity of the disease. In this review article, we have tried to summarize the literature available from different sources on ROS formation, biomolecule oxidation and their impact on the progression of various diseases in humans.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44651411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sathya Siva, Madhanraj Sekar, Surya Prakash V., Titus J., Mohammed Arifullah Mohamed Fazulah, S. V
Protease enzymes found in the Indian papaya, also called Carica papaya, are known to have de-sloughing and wound healing properties. It was found that Carica papaya applied to a lesion enhanced phagocytic cell killing of bacteria. Green papaya is rich in papain and chymopapain, two potent digestive enzymes that can break down dead tissue and have anti-inflammatory properties. To compare the effectiveness of conventional and Carica papaya management in wound healing the systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted. Based on PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) guidelines, a systematic review is conducted. While using the search terms ‘Diabetic foot ulcer, conventional management, wound healing, Carica papaya’ in the MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases. Carica papaya has a good beneficial effect on reducing necrosis and is frequently utilized in the management of wound healing. None of the studies have demonstrated any adverse impacts of Carica papaya on wound healing.
{"title":"Effectiveness of conventional management and Carica papaya on influencing wound healing: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Sathya Siva, Madhanraj Sekar, Surya Prakash V., Titus J., Mohammed Arifullah Mohamed Fazulah, S. V","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2851","url":null,"abstract":"Protease enzymes found in the Indian papaya, also called Carica papaya, are known to have de-sloughing and wound healing properties. It was found that Carica papaya applied to a lesion enhanced phagocytic cell killing of bacteria. Green papaya is rich in papain and chymopapain, two potent digestive enzymes that can break down dead tissue and have anti-inflammatory properties. To compare the effectiveness of conventional and Carica papaya management in wound healing the systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted. Based on PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) guidelines, a systematic review is conducted. While using the search terms ‘Diabetic foot ulcer, conventional management, wound healing, Carica papaya’ in the MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases. Carica papaya has a good beneficial effect on reducing necrosis and is frequently utilized in the management of wound healing. None of the studies have demonstrated any adverse impacts of Carica papaya on wound healing.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46613814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaimaa Noori Mahal, Ahmed Mohammed Turki, Elham Hazeim Abdulkareem
Introduction and Aim: Most cases of periodontitis are associated with microorganisms. The Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is considered as one of the important organisms associated with periodontal infections. This study investigated the effect of silver nanoparticles as well as the antiseptic agent chlorhexidine on multi-drug resistant S. aureus isolated from periodontal infections. Materials and Methods: In this study, with help from dentists, 266 clinical samples were collected from dental patients who had periodontal infection. S. aureus isolated from samples was tested for their antibiotic susceptibility profiles. Silver nanoparticles and chlorhexidine were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against these S. aureus isolates. Results: S. aureus strains isolated from periodontal infection patients in this study were found to be multidrug resistant. AgNPs obtained using E. coli showed high inhibition of S. aureus growth when used in different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25mM). Chlorhexidine also exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Combination of AgNPs with penicillin and ciprofloxacin had an increasing significant effect on the sensitivity of S. aureus. Similarly, chlorhexidine in combination with penicillin and ciprofloxacin also showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus. Conclusion: AgNPs and chlorhexidine combined with antibiotics used in treatment of S. aureus isolated from periodontal disease showed a good antibacterial effect which suggests its use as an antibacterial agent against periodontitis associated bacteria.
{"title":"Effects of silver nanoparticles on multiple drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus from periodontal infection: An alternative approach for antimicrobial therapy","authors":"Shaimaa Noori Mahal, Ahmed Mohammed Turki, Elham Hazeim Abdulkareem","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2822","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Most cases of periodontitis are associated with microorganisms. The Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is considered as one of the important organisms associated with periodontal infections. This study investigated the effect of silver nanoparticles as well as the antiseptic agent chlorhexidine on multi-drug resistant S. aureus isolated from periodontal infections.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, with help from dentists, 266 clinical samples were collected from dental patients who had periodontal infection. S. aureus isolated from samples was tested for their antibiotic susceptibility profiles. Silver nanoparticles and chlorhexidine were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against these S. aureus isolates.\u0000 \u0000Results: S. aureus strains isolated from periodontal infection patients in this study were found to be multidrug resistant. AgNPs obtained using E. coli showed high inhibition of S. aureus growth when used in different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25mM). Chlorhexidine also exhibited antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Combination of AgNPs with penicillin and ciprofloxacin had an increasing significant effect on the sensitivity of S. aureus. Similarly, chlorhexidine in combination with penicillin and ciprofloxacin also showed an inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: AgNPs and chlorhexidine combined with antibiotics used in treatment of S. aureus isolated from periodontal disease showed a good antibacterial effect which suggests its use as an antibacterial agent against periodontitis associated bacteria.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43672611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sadiruldeen Sami Abed, Farqad Bader Hamdan, Qasim Sharhan Al-Mayah, Mahir Mohammed Hussein
Introduction and Aim: The miR-146a is a short non-coding RNA molecule that has both therapeutic and biomarker potential. Abnormal miR-146a expression has been linked to several disorders. The target of the study is to investigate the possible link between miRNA-146a expression and the deterioration of cognitive function in Alzheimer's patients. Materials and Methods: The research comprised 40 individuals from Iraq, spanning both genders and ranging in age from 60 to 85 years. They were segregated into two distinct groups. The first group included 40 subjects (age of 75±6.6 years) who displayed no signs of cognitive or functional impairment. The second group consisted of 40 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (with an average age of 74.98±5.03 years), as per the DSM-5 criteria. To assess the mir-146 gene expression, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed. Results: The median expression of miR-146a in Alzheimer's disease was 0.97-fold greater than in control, with no statistically significant difference. There were no significant differences in the means between Alzheimer's females and Alzheimer's males. Female control subjects had considerably higher mean ADAS-cog scores than male control subjects. In Alzheimer's disease patients, age was observed to be strongly associated with ADAS-Cog scores, showing that age plays a role in disease development. Conclusion: Serum miR-146a is not related to the development of Alzheimer disease and does not affect disease progression
{"title":"Do miR-146a plasma levels alter in Alzheimer’s patients and impact their cognitive functions?","authors":"Sadiruldeen Sami Abed, Farqad Bader Hamdan, Qasim Sharhan Al-Mayah, Mahir Mohammed Hussein","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2817","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: The miR-146a is a short non-coding RNA molecule that has both therapeutic and biomarker potential. Abnormal miR-146a expression has been linked to several disorders. The target of the study is to investigate the possible link between miRNA-146a expression and the deterioration of cognitive function in Alzheimer's patients.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: The research comprised 40 individuals from Iraq, spanning both genders and ranging in age from 60 to 85 years. They were segregated into two distinct groups. The first group included 40 subjects (age of 75±6.6 years) who displayed no signs of cognitive or functional impairment. The second group consisted of 40 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (with an average age of 74.98±5.03 years), as per the DSM-5 criteria. To assess the mir-146 gene expression, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed.\u0000 \u0000Results: The median expression of miR-146a in Alzheimer's disease was 0.97-fold greater than in control, with no statistically significant difference. There were no significant differences in the means between Alzheimer's females and Alzheimer's males. Female control subjects had considerably higher mean ADAS-cog scores than male control subjects. In Alzheimer's disease patients, age was observed to be strongly associated with ADAS-Cog scores, showing that age plays a role in disease development.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Serum miR-146a is not related to the development of Alzheimer disease and does not affect disease progression","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42668445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. T, Kumar Vadlapudi, Prathap H.M., Poornima D.V., R. F., V. E., S. M., Anuradha Cm
Introduction and Aim: Anisomeles indica Kuntze (A. indica) is employed to treat a wide range of illnesses. The Present study was aimed at establishing preliminary phytochemical screening, UV-Visible spectrophotometric, FT-IR analysis, and evaluation of biological activities of A. indica extracts. Materials and Methods: A. indica leaves were employed for the Soxhlet extraction. Furthermore, the crude extracts were utilized for phytochemical analysis and quantitative estimations of phenolics and flavonoids. UV-Vis spectrophotometric, and FT-IR analysis provided further evidence for the existence of bioactive constituents in A. indica extracts. The A. indica extracts were assessed for antioxidant potential by DPPH and metal chelation activity. Results: The findings illustrated that A. indica methanol extract was found to possess the highest yield. The preliminary phytochemical screening, UV-Vis spectrophotometric, and FT-IR fingerprint analysis provided evidence for the existence of significant bioactive constituents. A.indica methanol extract has significant total phenol, flavonoid content, and TAC (total antioxidant capacity) among all extracts. These characteristics are attributed to substantial antioxidant activity and metal-chelating activity. Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that A. indica extract possess antioxidant activity as evaluated by the potential DPPH radical scavenging and chelate metal ions. These characteristics are interconnected to the high flavonoid and phenol content, and distinctive secondary metabolites. The finding indicates that A.indica is abundant in active phytoconstituents, which also offer a vital source for effective therapeutic management.
{"title":"Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant potential of Anisomeles indica Kuntze and exploration of its bioactive phytoconstituents","authors":"M. T, Kumar Vadlapudi, Prathap H.M., Poornima D.V., R. F., V. E., S. M., Anuradha Cm","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2541","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Anisomeles indica Kuntze (A. indica) is employed to treat a wide range of illnesses. The Present study was aimed at establishing preliminary phytochemical screening, UV-Visible spectrophotometric, FT-IR analysis, and evaluation of biological activities of A. indica extracts. \u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: A. indica leaves were employed for the Soxhlet extraction. Furthermore, the crude extracts were utilized for phytochemical analysis and quantitative estimations of phenolics and flavonoids. UV-Vis spectrophotometric, and FT-IR analysis provided further evidence for the existence of bioactive constituents in A. indica extracts. The A. indica extracts were assessed for antioxidant potential by DPPH and metal chelation activity. \u0000 \u0000Results: The findings illustrated that A. indica methanol extract was found to possess the highest yield. The preliminary phytochemical screening, UV-Vis spectrophotometric, and FT-IR fingerprint analysis provided evidence for the existence of significant bioactive constituents. A.indica methanol extract has significant total phenol, flavonoid content, and TAC (total antioxidant capacity) among all extracts. These characteristics are attributed to substantial antioxidant activity and metal-chelating activity. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The findings of this study imply that A. indica extract possess antioxidant activity as evaluated by the potential DPPH radical scavenging and chelate metal ions. These characteristics are interconnected to the high flavonoid and phenol content, and distinctive secondary metabolites. The finding indicates that A.indica is abundant in active phytoconstituents, which also offer a vital source for effective therapeutic management.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47313786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and Aim: Presence of virulence factors may cause increased persistence of Enterococci in the healthcare environment, increase ability to colonise inpatients and thereby result in the transmission of infection. The present study was performed to detect the presence of virulence traits among the clinical strains of Enterococci and to determine its association between virulence factors and susceptibility to various antibiotics. Materials and Methods: Clinical isolates of Enterococci were identified to species level by conventional method and Vitek 2 automated method and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing using disk diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method. Presence of hemolysin, gelatinase and biofilm was detected by phenotypic method. Results: Out of 708 isolates from urine 39 (5.51%) Enterococcus faecalis, and 3 isolates each of Enterococcus faecium (0.42 %) and Enterococcus durans (0.42 %) were biofilm producers. Beta hemolysin production was detected in 342 (48.30%) E. faecalis obtained from urine and 9/48 (18.75 %) from pus. Out of the isolates studied, 9/774 (1.16 %) isolates were found to be positive for beta-hemolysin production, gelatinase and biofilm production. All the 9 (100.00 %) isolates were resistant to penicillin, high level gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. Conclusion: Virulence factors described in Enterococci enable these organisms to colonise patient tissue, increase resistance to antimicrobial agents and aggravate infection outcome.
{"title":"A study on virulence determinants and antimicrobial resistance among Enterococci isolates","authors":"Reena Rajan, K. Dhandapani","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.1160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.1160","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Presence of virulence factors may cause increased persistence of Enterococci in the healthcare environment, increase ability to colonise inpatients and thereby result in the transmission of infection. The present study was performed to detect the presence of virulence traits among the clinical strains of Enterococci and to determine its association between virulence factors and susceptibility to various antibiotics.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: Clinical isolates of Enterococci were identified to species level by conventional method and Vitek 2 automated method and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing using disk diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method. Presence of hemolysin, gelatinase and biofilm was detected by phenotypic method.\u0000 \u0000Results: Out of 708 isolates from urine 39 (5.51%) Enterococcus faecalis, and 3 isolates each of Enterococcus faecium (0.42 %) and Enterococcus durans (0.42 %) were biofilm producers. Beta hemolysin production was detected in 342 (48.30%) E. faecalis obtained from urine and 9/48 (18.75 %) from pus. Out of the isolates studied, 9/774 (1.16 %) isolates were found to be positive for beta-hemolysin production, gelatinase and biofilm production. All the 9 (100.00 %) isolates were resistant to penicillin, high level gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: Virulence factors described in Enterococci enable these organisms to colonise patient tissue, increase resistance to antimicrobial agents and aggravate infection outcome.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48602113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shilpa Dutta, Akash More, Priti Karadbhajne, D. Shrivastava
Platelet-rich plasma therapy, also truncated as PRP, has been remarkably utilized for quite long in the domains of cardiovascular surgery, orthopaedic treatments, sports medicines etc. Being in the limelight for its remarkable wound healing and cell proliferating activities, it has caught the interest of researchers in the field of reproductive sciences. The chief domain of research has revolved around thin endometrial lining, diminished ovarian content, recurrent implantation failure ailments etc. This article has focused on reviewing existing articles till now on the aetiology of PRP along with methodologies and results in reproductive aberrational conditions. Restrictive research is conducted from Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals, PubMed focusing on the deployment of PRP in infertility science and categorized the result under 3 genres: PRP in refractory attenuated endometrium, PRP in female gonadal abnormalities and PRP in Asherman’s syndrome. Most literature has shown promising results in improvement of thin endometrium, along with increase in AMH (Anti-Mullerian Hormone) level along with decrement of FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) level, thereby improving ovarian reserve. It also showed reduced adhesion in the uterus after hysteroscopy, along with improvement in the menstrual cycle in case of Asherman’s syndrome, thereby increasing chances of clinical pregnancy. However, lack of standardized protocol is a major con in variation of results. Thus, until conclusive RCTs with larger sample size are conducted, PRP should be restricted to the experimental stage for now.
富含血小板的血浆疗法，也称为PRP，长期以来一直在心血管外科、整形外科、运动医学等领域得到显著应用。由于其显著的伤口愈合和细胞增殖活性而备受关注，它引起了生殖科学领域研究人员的兴趣。主要研究领域围绕着子宫内膜薄、卵巢内容物减少、复发性植入失败疾病等。本文重点回顾了迄今为止关于PRP病因的现有文章，以及生殖异常条件下的方法和结果。Scopus和Web of Science索引期刊PubMed进行了限制性研究，重点关注PRP在不孕科学中的应用，并将结果分为三类：难治性减薄子宫内膜中的PRP、女性性腺异常中的PRP-和Asherman综合征中的PRP。大多数文献显示，在改善薄子宫内膜、提高AMH（抗苗勒管激素）水平和降低FSH（卵泡刺激激素）水平方面取得了有希望的结果，从而改善卵巢储备。宫腔镜检查后，子宫粘连减少，Asherman综合征患者月经周期改善，从而增加了临床妊娠的机会。然而，缺乏标准化的方案是导致结果变化的主要因素。因此，在进行更大样本量的决定性随机对照试验之前，PRP目前应限制在实验阶段。
{"title":"Contribution of platelet-rich plasma therapy in reproductive health science: A narrative review","authors":"Shilpa Dutta, Akash More, Priti Karadbhajne, D. Shrivastava","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2678","url":null,"abstract":"Platelet-rich plasma therapy, also truncated as PRP, has been remarkably utilized for quite long in the domains of cardiovascular surgery, orthopaedic treatments, sports medicines etc. Being in the limelight for its remarkable wound healing and cell proliferating activities, it has caught the interest of researchers in the field of reproductive sciences. The chief domain of research has revolved around thin endometrial lining, diminished ovarian content, recurrent implantation failure ailments etc. This article has focused on reviewing existing articles till now on the aetiology of PRP along with methodologies and results in reproductive aberrational conditions. Restrictive research is conducted from Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals, PubMed focusing on the deployment of PRP in infertility science and categorized the result under 3 genres: PRP in refractory attenuated endometrium, PRP in female gonadal abnormalities and PRP in Asherman’s syndrome. Most literature has shown promising results in improvement of thin endometrium, along with increase in AMH (Anti-Mullerian Hormone) level along with decrement of FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) level, thereby improving ovarian reserve. It also showed reduced adhesion in the uterus after hysteroscopy, along with improvement in the menstrual cycle in case of Asherman’s syndrome, thereby increasing chances of clinical pregnancy. However, lack of standardized protocol is a major con in variation of results. Thus, until conclusive RCTs with larger sample size are conducted, PRP should be restricted to the experimental stage for now.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45501343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hardi Kapadia, Divya Vora, Dinesh S. Manjegowda, A. Nair, Sameer Sharma, Susha Dinesh
Introduction and Aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease affecting around 2.8 million people worldwide. MS pathophysiology is not yet explained up to the mark, which is the cause of difficulty and complexity in treating the illness. Most present-day scenarios are engrossed in inhibiting central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. However, this is not enough, hence the present study aims at finding best neuroprotective treatment without adverse effects. Materials and Methods: In silico attempt to validate the phytocompounds from Nigella sativa and showcase their use for targeting the neuroprotective mechanism involved in management of MS by finding the key potential genes which were derived from mRNA datasets of previous research. Various bioinformatics tools and software such as GEO, String, ShinyGO, PyRx were used to carry out the current study. The leading steps involve retrieval of targets from mRNA datasets, molecular docking of phytocompounds with the targets and pharmacological analysis. Results: These phytocompounds from seeds of N. sativa showed promising results as therapeutic agents against target genes RPL27, RPS14 and FAU for management of MS during current in silico study, but any treatment prior its clinical practice should validate with large robust data, which lies as the future prospective here. Conclusion: In summary notable progress in management of MS with better understanding of pathology has been made and many disease modifying therapies (DMT) are made available but the question of safety and efficacy is still challenging due to adverse effects associated with these therapies. Hence properties of N. sativa must be explored as a therapeutic agent that can reduce the neuronal degeneration.
{"title":"Integrating network pharmacology and molecular docking for the identification of key genes and therapeutic targets of Nigella sativa in multiple sclerosis treatment","authors":"Hardi Kapadia, Divya Vora, Dinesh S. Manjegowda, A. Nair, Sameer Sharma, Susha Dinesh","doi":"10.51248/.v43i3.2867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i3.2867","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease affecting around 2.8 million people worldwide. MS pathophysiology is not yet explained up to the mark, which is the cause of difficulty and complexity in treating the illness. Most present-day scenarios are engrossed in inhibiting central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. However, this is not enough, hence the present study aims at finding best neuroprotective treatment without adverse effects.\u0000 \u0000Materials and Methods: In silico attempt to validate the phytocompounds from Nigella sativa and showcase their use for targeting the neuroprotective mechanism involved in management of MS by finding the key potential genes which were derived from mRNA datasets of previous research. Various bioinformatics tools and software such as GEO, String, ShinyGO, PyRx were used to carry out the current study. The leading steps involve retrieval of targets from mRNA datasets, molecular docking of phytocompounds with the targets and pharmacological analysis.\u0000 \u0000Results: These phytocompounds from seeds of N. sativa showed promising results as therapeutic agents against target genes RPL27, RPS14 and FAU for management of MS during current in silico study, but any treatment prior its clinical practice should validate with large robust data, which lies as the future prospective here.\u0000 \u0000Conclusion: In summary notable progress in management of MS with better understanding of pathology has been made and many disease modifying therapies (DMT) are made available but the question of safety and efficacy is still challenging due to adverse effects associated with these therapies. Hence properties of N. sativa must be explored as a therapeutic agent that can reduce the neuronal degeneration.","PeriodicalId":51650,"journal":{"name":"BioMedicine-Taiwan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42991282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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