Pub Date : 2020-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2020.1707447
Sabine Kleiman
The remains of a shrine located in the Iron IIB six-chamber gate at Lachish were recently published by Ganor and Kreimerman (2019). The excavators proposed that the chamber had a hierarchical layout comparable to that of the Arad sanctuary, and that the shrine and its cult furnishings had been desecrated in the course of Hezekiah’s cult reform. However, a critical re-evaluation of the published data indicates that (1) the inner plan of the chamber did not possess a hierarchical, three-part division with a ‘holy of holies’; and (2) the chamber was destroyed during the Assyrian campaign in 701 BCE without any indication of cultic reform. Bearing in mind the data from Ussishkin’s excavations, it is further suggested that two shrines were actually located in the gate—one on each side of the gateway—and that they were probably utilized in purification rituals by people entering the city. The two shrines at Lachish can be compared to the evidence from contemporaneous Kuntillet >Ajrud, which shows parallels in terms of architectural layout and cult paraphernalia.
{"title":"The Iron IIB Gate Shrine at Lachish: An Alternative Interpretation","authors":"Sabine Kleiman","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2020.1707447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2020.1707447","url":null,"abstract":"The remains of a shrine located in the Iron IIB six-chamber gate at Lachish were recently published by Ganor and Kreimerman (2019). The excavators proposed that the chamber had a hierarchical layout comparable to that of the Arad sanctuary, and that the shrine and its cult furnishings had been desecrated in the course of Hezekiah’s cult reform. However, a critical re-evaluation of the published data indicates that (1) the inner plan of the chamber did not possess a hierarchical, three-part division with a ‘holy of holies’; and (2) the chamber was destroyed during the Assyrian campaign in 701 BCE without any indication of cultic reform. Bearing in mind the data from Ussishkin’s excavations, it is further suggested that two shrines were actually located in the gate—one on each side of the gateway—and that they were probably utilized in purification rituals by people entering the city. The two shrines at Lachish can be compared to the evidence from contemporaneous Kuntillet >Ajrud, which shows parallels in terms of architectural layout and cult paraphernalia.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"47 1","pages":"55 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2020.1707447","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42664939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1650500
Dvir Raviv
In a letter written to “the nation of the Jews” at the beginning of the Hasmonean period, King Demetrius II decreed the annexation of three Samarian toparchies—Ephraim, Ramathaim and Lod—to Judea. New archaeological evidence and a reexamination of results of earlier surveys enables us to confirm the assumption that Jews had populated most of the area of the three toparchies prior to the Hasmonean Revolt.
{"title":"Granting of the Toparchies of Ephraim, Ramathaim and Lod to Hasmonean Judea","authors":"Dvir Raviv","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2019.1650500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650500","url":null,"abstract":"In a letter written to “the nation of the Jews” at the beginning of the Hasmonean period, King Demetrius II decreed the annexation of three Samarian toparchies—Ephraim, Ramathaim and Lod—to Judea. New archaeological evidence and a reexamination of results of earlier surveys enables us to confirm the assumption that Jews had populated most of the area of the three toparchies prior to the Hasmonean Revolt.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"46 1","pages":"267 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650500","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46886163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1650496
B. Brandl, Gilad Itach
A locally made scaraboid was found during excavations at Khallat es-Siḥrij, a rural site situated 5 km southeast of Tel Aphek. The scaraboid, which most probably had been owned by an Assyrian or an Aramean official, was engraved with a new variant of the symbol of the moon god, Sin of Harran. The site of Khallat es-Siḥrij is part of a well-known group of rural sites that was established in the Neo-Assyrian period in the western Samaria foothills, primarily between Tel Aphek and Tel Hadid.
在Khallat es Si的挖掘过程中发现了一个当地制造的圣甲虫ḥrij，一个位于Tel Aphek东南5公里的农村地区。这个圣甲虫很可能是亚述人或亚兰人的官员所拥有，上面刻着月神符号的新变体——哈兰之罪。Khallat es Si遗址ḥrij是新亚述时期在撒马利亚西部山麓建立的一组著名的乡村遗址的一部分，主要位于Tel Aphek和Tel Hadid之间。
{"title":"A Locally-made Scaraboid from Khallat es-Sihrij Near Tel Aphek and Its Neo-Assyrian Connection","authors":"B. Brandl, Gilad Itach","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2019.1650496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650496","url":null,"abstract":"A locally made scaraboid was found during excavations at Khallat es-Siḥrij, a rural site situated 5 km southeast of Tel Aphek. The scaraboid, which most probably had been owned by an Assyrian or an Aramean official, was engraved with a new variant of the symbol of the moon god, Sin of Harran. The site of Khallat es-Siḥrij is part of a well-known group of rural sites that was established in the Neo-Assyrian period in the western Samaria foothills, primarily between Tel Aphek and Tel Hadid.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"46 1","pages":"211 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650496","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48153024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1650494
N. Na’aman
Abstract The article examines the validity of the rendering בתדוד in Line 31 of the Mesha Stele (“And as for Ḥāwrônên, בתדוד dwelt in it”). Examination of the corpus of West Semitic royal inscriptions reveals only one parallel to a kingdom's name that functions as the operative agent in a royal inscription. Evidently, the suggested restoration בתדוד that is governed by the verb ישב in the badly eroded Line 31 should be rejected. Rather, the best proposal thus far for the controversial line is the recently posited restoration, “And as for Ḥāwrônên, there dwelt Ba[lak]”.
{"title":"The Alleged ‘Beth David’ in the Mesha Stele: The Case Against It","authors":"N. Na’aman","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2019.1650494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650494","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article examines the validity of the rendering בתדוד in Line 31 of the Mesha Stele (“And as for Ḥāwrônên, בתדוד dwelt in it”). Examination of the corpus of West Semitic royal inscriptions reveals only one parallel to a kingdom's name that functions as the operative agent in a royal inscription. Evidently, the suggested restoration בתדוד that is governed by the verb ישב in the badly eroded Line 31 should be rejected. Rather, the best proposal thus far for the controversial line is the recently posited restoration, “And as for Ḥāwrônên, there dwelt Ba[lak]”.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"46 1","pages":"192 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650494","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47476106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1650499
J. Uziel, Tehillah Lieberman, Avi Solomon
Since it was discovered in the 19th century, Wilson’s Arch has been at the heart of discussions about Jerusalem’s urban development. We excavated beneath the arch for three consecutive years and exposed eight strata ranging from the Hasmonean period to Ottoman times. Here we present our results and discuss our finds with particular emphasis on two issues: the date of the arch’s construction and the discovery of a small 2nd century CE theatre-like structure.
{"title":"The Excavations beneath Wilson’s Arch: New Light on Roman Period Jerusalem","authors":"J. Uziel, Tehillah Lieberman, Avi Solomon","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2019.1650499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650499","url":null,"abstract":"Since it was discovered in the 19th century, Wilson’s Arch has been at the heart of discussions about Jerusalem’s urban development. We excavated beneath the arch for three consecutive years and exposed eight strata ranging from the Hasmonean period to Ottoman times. Here we present our results and discuss our finds with particular emphasis on two issues: the date of the arch’s construction and the discovery of a small 2nd century CE theatre-like structure.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"46 1","pages":"237 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47368848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1650492
I. Finkelstein, M. J. Adams, Erin Hall, Eythan Levy
Excavations carried out in the summer of 2018 shed new light on the entire system of four super-imposed Iron Age gates at Megiddo, including the celebrated ‘Solomonic gate’, which has played a pivotal role in biblical archaeology discussions since the 1930s. A fragmentary gate, earliest in the system (Gate 3165) dates to Stratum VIA in the late Iron I and was destroyed along with the entire city represented by this layer. The six-chambered ‘Solomonic gate’ (Gate 2156) was built during the days of Stratum VA-IVB in the late Iron IIA—the time of the Omride dynasty. Remains of two additional gates—of four and two chambers (described here as Gates 500b and 500a)—date to the time of Strata IVA and III (both Iron IIB) respectively.
{"title":"The Iron Age Gates of Megiddo: New Evidence and Updated Interpretations","authors":"I. Finkelstein, M. J. Adams, Erin Hall, Eythan Levy","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2019.1650492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650492","url":null,"abstract":"Excavations carried out in the summer of 2018 shed new light on the entire system of four super-imposed Iron Age gates at Megiddo, including the celebrated ‘Solomonic gate’, which has played a pivotal role in biblical archaeology discussions since the 1930s. A fragmentary gate, earliest in the system (Gate 3165) dates to Stratum VIA in the late Iron I and was destroyed along with the entire city represented by this layer. The six-chambered ‘Solomonic gate’ (Gate 2156) was built during the days of Stratum VA-IVB in the late Iron IIA—the time of the Omride dynasty. Remains of two additional gates—of four and two chambers (described here as Gates 500b and 500a)—date to the time of Strata IVA and III (both Iron IIB) respectively.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"46 1","pages":"167 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650492","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44078404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1650495
Tallay Ornan
A seal impression found on a bulla from the City of David depicting a throne and two winged discs may corroborate the assumption that the conceived image of Yahweh in Iron II Jerusalem was of a human-like form. Through a succinct description on the emergence of the hegemonic concept that negates any (conceived) material aspects of Yahweh, a distinction is made between the practical-cultic nature of the biblical Image Ban and the Bible’s ontological perception of the god of Israel as a human-like entity in form and ‘nature’.
{"title":"The Throne and the Enthroned: On the Conceived Human Image of Yahweh in Iron II Jerusalem","authors":"Tallay Ornan","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2019.1650495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650495","url":null,"abstract":"A seal impression found on a bulla from the City of David depicting a throne and two winged discs may corroborate the assumption that the conceived image of Yahweh in Iron II Jerusalem was of a human-like form. Through a succinct description on the emergence of the hegemonic concept that negates any (conceived) material aspects of Yahweh, a distinction is made between the practical-cultic nature of the biblical Image Ban and the Bible’s ontological perception of the god of Israel as a human-like entity in form and ‘nature’.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"46 1","pages":"198 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650495","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43588426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1650491
N. Szanton, M. Hagbi, J. Uziel, D. Ariel
For over a century and a half, excavations in Jerusalem have been uncovering segments of the city’s Early Roman period network of streets, particularly the street that wended its way from the southernmost gate of the city, alongside the Siloam Pool and towards the Temple Mount. The importance of this street is evident from its dimensions as well as from the quality of its construction, which undoubtedly required an expansive workforce that included skilled labourers and craftsmen. Based on archaeological and historical data, the creation of the street has variously been attributed to some time in the Herodian period, to the reign of Herod and to the days of Herod Agrippa II. Here, based on numismatic evidence, we propose a more precise timeframe. We suggest that the street was constructed in the 1st century CE, in the middle of the first period of direct Roman rule, specifically during Pontius Pilate’s tenure as governor of the newly named province of Judea. We bolster this claim with a discussion of Pilate’s mandate and goals as provincial governor.
{"title":"Pontius Pilate in Jerusalem: The Monumental Street from the Siloam Pool to the Temple Mount","authors":"N. Szanton, M. Hagbi, J. Uziel, D. Ariel","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2019.1650491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650491","url":null,"abstract":"For over a century and a half, excavations in Jerusalem have been uncovering segments of the city’s Early Roman period network of streets, particularly the street that wended its way from the southernmost gate of the city, alongside the Siloam Pool and towards the Temple Mount. The importance of this street is evident from its dimensions as well as from the quality of its construction, which undoubtedly required an expansive workforce that included skilled labourers and craftsmen. Based on archaeological and historical data, the creation of the street has variously been attributed to some time in the Herodian period, to the reign of Herod and to the days of Herod Agrippa II. Here, based on numismatic evidence, we propose a more precise timeframe. We suggest that the street was constructed in the 1st century CE, in the middle of the first period of direct Roman rule, specifically during Pontius Pilate’s tenure as governor of the newly named province of Judea. We bolster this claim with a discussion of Pilate’s mandate and goals as provincial governor.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"46 1","pages":"147 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650491","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45324318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1650498
Lidar Sapir-Hen
The faunal assemblages of the Late Bronze and Iron Age southern Levant reveal a great complexity of objectives and methods of livestock exploitation. The assemblages come from sites located in diverse climatic settings populated by individuals engaged in a variety of activities. Analyses of the sites reflect a uniformity of practices related to livestock and reveal that the animals were symbols of wealth. The article reveals the symbolic values linked to the husbandry of assorted livestock based on their economic potential and their interaction with humans. The author concludes that differential access to specific animals and their meat played a socio-cultural and economic role in building social structure.
{"title":"Late Bronze and Iron Age Livestock of the Southern Levant: Their Economic and Symbolic Roles","authors":"Lidar Sapir-Hen","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2019.1650498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650498","url":null,"abstract":"The faunal assemblages of the Late Bronze and Iron Age southern Levant reveal a great complexity of objectives and methods of livestock exploitation. The assemblages come from sites located in diverse climatic settings populated by individuals engaged in a variety of activities. Analyses of the sites reflect a uniformity of practices related to livestock and reveal that the animals were symbols of wealth. The article reveals the symbolic values linked to the husbandry of assorted livestock based on their economic potential and their interaction with humans. The author concludes that differential access to specific animals and their meat played a socio-cultural and economic role in building social structure.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"46 1","pages":"227 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2019.1650498","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42364071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03344355.2019.1586382
Sergey Ishoev, R. Greenberg
Horseshoe-shaped andirons have long been viewed, on little evidence, as a stand-in for the fire installations that play a central role in houses associated with the Kura-Araxes cultural tradition. A detailed examination of more than 100 andiron fragments from Tel Bet Yerah, accompanied by structural analysis and computerized simulation, has provided primary forensic evidence on their use, breakage and discard, and insights on their relation to ceramic cooking and consumption vessels. Our analysis reveals a previously unreported component of food preparation and consumption practices in the south Levantine branch of the Kura-Araxes diaspora that offers a striking contrast to local south Levantine behaviours and traditions.
长期以来，在几乎没有证据的情况下，马蹄形的壁炉一直被视为消防设施的替身，这些消防设施在与库拉-阿拉克斯文化传统相关的房屋中发挥着核心作用。对Tel Bet Yerah的100多个安迪戎碎片进行了详细检查，并辅以结构分析和计算机模拟，为其使用、破碎和丢弃提供了初步的法医证据，并深入了解了它们与陶瓷烹饪和消费器皿的关系。我们的分析揭示了库拉-阿拉克斯侨民南黎凡特分支以前未报告的食品准备和消费做法，这与当地南黎凡特人的行为和传统形成了鲜明对比。
{"title":"Khirbet Kerak Ware (Kura-Araxes) Andirons at Tel Bet Yerah: Functional Analysis and Cultural Context","authors":"Sergey Ishoev, R. Greenberg","doi":"10.1080/03344355.2019.1586382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03344355.2019.1586382","url":null,"abstract":"Horseshoe-shaped andirons have long been viewed, on little evidence, as a stand-in for the fire installations that play a central role in houses associated with the Kura-Araxes cultural tradition. A detailed examination of more than 100 andiron fragments from Tel Bet Yerah, accompanied by structural analysis and computerized simulation, has provided primary forensic evidence on their use, breakage and discard, and insights on their relation to ceramic cooking and consumption vessels. Our analysis reveals a previously unreported component of food preparation and consumption practices in the south Levantine branch of the Kura-Araxes diaspora that offers a striking contrast to local south Levantine behaviours and traditions.","PeriodicalId":51839,"journal":{"name":"Tel Aviv-Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University","volume":"46 1","pages":"21 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/03344355.2019.1586382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41913271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：