The Indonesian Migrant Worker Placement Service mandates Law Number 18 of 2017, which aims to reduce the departure of illegal and unprotected Indonesian Migrant Workers (IMW). This study aims to describe the problem of job placement and financial protection of Indonesian migrant workers as well as its economic consequences. This study uses a descriptive method with an in-depth case study. The research was conducted in the provinces of Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) and Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). The research area was chosen because both regions have a bad record in many IMW cases outside Java. The data were obtained using observation and interviews with the authorities in the city/district government agencies. Data analysis using Miles and Huberman is done by data reduction, tabulation, presentation, and conclusion. The results show that the government’s one-stop integrated service (LTSA) has not reached all prospective migrant workers from NTB and NTT. The limitations of LTSA are influenced by technical factors, budget, and insufficient human resources. The research results are expected to provide an overview of the relevant parties always to prevent or suppress illegal IMW, which is the responsibility of the State. So that cases of violence against illegal IMW can be avoided.
{"title":"The financial protection of Indonesian migrant workers and its economic consequences","authors":"Agusmidah Agusmidah, Asri Wijayanti, Fithriatus Shalihah, Dios Aristo Lumbangaol, Vatar Reinaldo","doi":"10.21003/ea.v196-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v196-02","url":null,"abstract":"The Indonesian Migrant Worker Placement Service mandates Law Number 18 of 2017, which aims to reduce the departure of illegal and unprotected Indonesian Migrant Workers (IMW). This study aims to describe the problem of job placement and financial protection of Indonesian migrant workers as well as its economic consequences. This study uses a descriptive method with an in-depth case study. The research was conducted in the provinces of Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) and Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). The research area was chosen because both regions have a bad record in many IMW cases outside Java. The data were obtained using observation and interviews with the authorities in the city/district government agencies. Data analysis using Miles and Huberman is done by data reduction, tabulation, presentation, and conclusion. The results show that the government’s one-stop integrated service (LTSA) has not reached all prospective migrant workers from NTB and NTT. The limitations of LTSA are influenced by technical factors, budget, and insufficient human resources. The research results are expected to provide an overview of the relevant parties always to prevent or suppress illegal IMW, which is the responsibility of the State. So that cases of violence against illegal IMW can be avoided.","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42287780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Priyono, Rahayu Rahayu, J. Jumintono, F. Murwaningtyas, Hertasning Yatim, Asri Selamat
Landslide is a type of mass transfer of soil or rock and a mixture of the two to a lower area due to disruption of slope stability, causing economic and environmental damage to property and human life. This study aimed to assess the landslide events and the level of landslide vulnerability and its economic impact using scoring techniques. The scoring is determined by the sum of the weight’s multiplication and the factor that started the landslide. Nine factors causing landslides have been evaluated using the statistical methods. The results showed that the scoring technique could be used as a guideline (tool) to analyze the relationship between landslide events and the level of vulnerability and also assess the socio-economic impact in the Samin Hulu sub-watershed. The survey and mapping results found that the distribution of landslide-prone areas in the Sub-watershed Samin Upstream can be divided into five landslide-prone levels, namely: extraordinarily prone, very prone, prone, somewhat prone, and not prone. The Samin Sub-watershed area can be categorized as an area classified as prone to landslides. To lessen the socio-economic damage to the area, a number of programmes and cooperation initiatives between authorities and local communities have been introduced. For that purpose, a reforestation and agroforestry mechanism is applied which means planting teak forests combined with multiple cropping such as coffee, guava, cashew and other local plants.
{"title":"Using scoring techniques to assess the landslide events and the level of hazard and socio-economic impact in the Sub-Watershed Samin Upstream of Karanganyar District of Indonesia","authors":"P. Priyono, Rahayu Rahayu, J. Jumintono, F. Murwaningtyas, Hertasning Yatim, Asri Selamat","doi":"10.21003/ea.v196-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v196-05","url":null,"abstract":"Landslide is a type of mass transfer of soil or rock and a mixture of the two to a lower area due to disruption of slope stability, causing economic and environmental damage to property and human life. This study aimed to assess the landslide events and the level of landslide vulnerability and its economic impact using scoring techniques. The scoring is determined by the sum of the weight’s multiplication and the factor that started the landslide. Nine factors causing landslides have been evaluated using the statistical methods. The results showed that the scoring technique could be used as a guideline (tool) to analyze the relationship between landslide events and the level of vulnerability and also assess the socio-economic impact in the Samin Hulu sub-watershed. The survey and mapping results found that the distribution of landslide-prone areas in the Sub-watershed Samin Upstream can be divided into five landslide-prone levels, namely: extraordinarily prone, very prone, prone, somewhat prone, and not prone. The Samin Sub-watershed area can be categorized as an area classified as prone to landslides. To lessen the socio-economic damage to the area, a number of programmes and cooperation initiatives between authorities and local communities have been introduced. For that purpose, a reforestation and agroforestry mechanism is applied which means planting teak forests combined with multiple cropping such as coffee, guava, cashew and other local plants.","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43783141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. The transition to digital technologies stimulated the emergence of new accounting objects in the form of digital assets whose features are problematic for being displayed in a rather tightly regulated system of accounting and reporting standards. In the context of emerging new ways of using crypto assets in business practice and increasing the volume of transactions with them, accounting has problems with displaying digital assets in part of confirming their controllability, their assessment at various stages of the life cycle, and identification of participants of cryptocurrency transactions. The paper deals with impact of economy digitalization on accounting methodology in the context of the Industry 4.0, in particular, the prospects for a separate display of digital assets in financial statements. Purpose. This article is aimed at the systematic substantiation of the exclusive status of digital assets as a fundamentally new accounting object in order to further develop, on this basis, the strategy for the development of their accounting and displaying them in the companies’ reporting. Methods. The paper contains a critical analysis of scientific publications devoted to the essence, status and features of the digital assets’ use, as well as the formation of information about them in the accounting and financial statements. The authors have carried out a bibliometric analysis of the frequency of use of terminology in the field of digital assets with the help of special software (VOSviewer and Google Trends). Results. The authors have developed a taxonomy of digital assets based on the use of distributed ledger technology and cryptography. The paper also explores the issue of the differentiated application of existing valuation bases for various types of digital assets. The article systemizes approaches to the deanonymization of participants in transactions with crypto assets which are used to control their origin and the legal regime of applying, for the purpose of rational organization and accounting of them. Conclusions. There is a need to introduce a separate standard designed to regulate accounting and display of digital assets in financial statements, in order to provide stakeholders with relevant information in the process of making managerial and investment decisions.
{"title":"Digital assets in accounting: the concept formation and the further development trajectory","authors":"I. Derun, Hanna Mysaka","doi":"10.21003/ea.v195-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v195-06","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The transition to digital technologies stimulated the emergence of new accounting objects in the form of digital assets whose features are problematic for being displayed in a rather tightly regulated system of accounting and reporting standards. In the context of emerging new ways of using crypto assets in business practice and increasing the volume of transactions with them, accounting has problems with displaying digital assets in part of confirming their controllability, their assessment at various stages of the life cycle, and identification of participants of cryptocurrency transactions. The paper deals with impact of economy digitalization on accounting methodology in the context of the Industry 4.0, in particular, the prospects for a separate display of digital assets in financial statements. Purpose. This article is aimed at the systematic substantiation of the exclusive status of digital assets as a fundamentally new accounting object in order to further develop, on this basis, the strategy for the development of their accounting and displaying them in the companies’ reporting. Methods. The paper contains a critical analysis of scientific publications devoted to the essence, status and features of the digital assets’ use, as well as the formation of information about them in the accounting and financial statements. The authors have carried out a bibliometric analysis of the frequency of use of terminology in the field of digital assets with the help of special software (VOSviewer and Google Trends). Results. The authors have developed a taxonomy of digital assets based on the use of distributed ledger technology and cryptography. The paper also explores the issue of the differentiated application of existing valuation bases for various types of digital assets. The article systemizes approaches to the deanonymization of participants in transactions with crypto assets which are used to control their origin and the legal regime of applying, for the purpose of rational organization and accounting of them. Conclusions. There is a need to introduce a separate standard designed to regulate accounting and display of digital assets in financial statements, in order to provide stakeholders with relevant information in the process of making managerial and investment decisions.","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46139677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The relevance of the paper is predetermined by the fact that nearly 75% of the population in the European Union live in cities, so the European Union is committed to making cities more sustainable. Thus, recent years have seen an increasing need for studies on urban indexes measuring European cities as well as those on the evaluation of the indexes. The purpose of this paper is to prove that Central and Eastern European medium-sized cities as regional centers are an under-researched area in social science research. While one typical trend of this research is ranking based on various aspects as well as the determination of leading cities, the regional centers of Central and Eastern European countries are only tangentially included in this research. The research objectives: The analysis examines 94 regional centers in ten Central and Eastern European countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, and Slovenia) with regional functions at NUTS2 level based on a total of 41 different economic indexes and rankings. The research was based on the Eurostat Urban Audit database and the keyword search engine of scientific search engines such as Web of Science, Science direct, and Google Scholar. The research question: Which Central and Eastern European regional centers are examined by the different city rankings and indexes? The research results and conclusions are the following: 1) As a result of the research, it was found that out of the 94 regional centers, the most examined cities are Krakow, Wroclaw and Brno. A randomly selected city is included in only 11% of the studied rankings and indexes. 2) However, half of the Central and Eastern European capitals are considered areas for city rankings and indexes. The most studied capitals are, ranked in order of focus; Budapest and Prague, Vienna, Ljubljana, Bratislava, Sofia, Warsaw and Zagreb. 3) Based on the correlation analysis, we found a strong relationship between two indicators (Cultural Creative Cities Index and Smart Cities Index) which suggests that it would make sense to explore further relationships for which it is indispensable to have the right quality and quantity of data. All in all, it would be worthwhile creating an economic index measuring the performance of Central and Eastern European regional centers which could help regional and city governments as well as potential investors get an up-to-date and comprehensive picture of regional centers in the region.
这篇论文的相关性是由欧盟近75%的人口生活在城市这一事实决定的，因此欧盟致力于使城市更具可持续性。因此，近年来，越来越需要研究衡量欧洲城市的城市指数以及这些指数的评估。本文的目的是证明作为区域中心的中欧和东欧中等城市是社会科学研究中一个研究不足的领域。虽然这项研究的一个典型趋势是基于各个方面的排名以及领先城市的确定，但中欧和东欧国家的区域中心仅被纳入这项研究。研究目标：该分析基于总共41个不同的经济指数和排名，对10个中欧和东欧国家（奥地利、保加利亚、捷克共和国、克罗地亚、匈牙利、波兰、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚、斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚）的94个具有NUTS2级区域功能的区域中心进行了调查。这项研究基于欧盟统计局城市审计数据库和科学搜索引擎的关键词搜索引擎，如Web of Science、Science direct和Google Scholar。研究问题：不同的城市排名和指数考察了中欧和东欧的哪些区域中心？研究结果和结论如下：1）研究发现，在94个地区中心中，受调查最多的城市是克拉科夫、弗罗茨瓦夫和布尔诺。在研究的排名和指数中，随机选择的城市只占11%。2） 然而，中欧和东欧有一半的首都被认为是城市排名和指数的地区。研究最多的资本是，按重点排序；布达佩斯和布拉格、维也纳、卢布尔雅那、布拉迪斯拉发、索非亚、华沙和萨格勒布。3） 基于相关性分析，我们发现两个指标（文化创意城市指数和智慧城市指数）之间存在很强的关系，这表明进一步探索这些关系是有意义的，因为拥有正确的数据质量和数量是必不可少的。总之，创建一个衡量中欧和东欧区域中心表现的经济指数是值得的，这可以帮助地区和城市政府以及潜在投资者了解该地区区域中心的最新和全面情况。
{"title":"Central and Eastern European regional centers in the focus of urban rankings and urban indexes","authors":"Petra Kinga Kéza, Szabolcs Rámháp","doi":"10.21003/ea.v195-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v195-03","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the paper is predetermined by the fact that nearly 75% of the population in the European Union live in cities, so the European Union is committed to making cities more sustainable. Thus, recent years have seen an increasing need for studies on urban indexes measuring European cities as well as those on the evaluation of the indexes. The purpose of this paper is to prove that Central and Eastern European medium-sized cities as regional centers are an under-researched area in social science research. While one typical trend of this research is ranking based on various aspects as well as the determination of leading cities, the regional centers of Central and Eastern European countries are only tangentially included in this research. The research objectives: The analysis examines 94 regional centers in ten Central and Eastern European countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, and Slovenia) with regional functions at NUTS2 level based on a total of 41 different economic indexes and rankings. The research was based on the Eurostat Urban Audit database and the keyword search engine of scientific search engines such as Web of Science, Science direct, and Google Scholar. The research question: Which Central and Eastern European regional centers are examined by the different city rankings and indexes? The research results and conclusions are the following: 1) As a result of the research, it was found that out of the 94 regional centers, the most examined cities are Krakow, Wroclaw and Brno. A randomly selected city is included in only 11% of the studied rankings and indexes. 2) However, half of the Central and Eastern European capitals are considered areas for city rankings and indexes. The most studied capitals are, ranked in order of focus; Budapest and Prague, Vienna, Ljubljana, Bratislava, Sofia, Warsaw and Zagreb. 3) Based on the correlation analysis, we found a strong relationship between two indicators (Cultural Creative Cities Index and Smart Cities Index) which suggests that it would make sense to explore further relationships for which it is indispensable to have the right quality and quantity of data. All in all, it would be worthwhile creating an economic index measuring the performance of Central and Eastern European regional centers which could help regional and city governments as well as potential investors get an up-to-date and comprehensive picture of regional centers in the region.","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48780802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This scientific article is devoted to the scientometric analysis of one of the new and relevant areas in economics – smart tourism, which has become widespread in the last 10-12 years. The research was conducted based on the using of materials from the Web of Knowledge database (Web of Science Core Collection: Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Science Citation Index, Arts and Humanities Citation Index Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science, Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Social Science and Humanities Book Citation Index – Science, Book Citation Index – Social Science and Humanities, Emerging Sources Citation Index) for 2008-2022, which was later uploaded to CiteSpace 5.8.R3 to implement the tasks set in the research article: analysis of co-citations, including by authors; cluster analysis by keywords. It should be noted that the authors presented a capacious description of the WoS database array itself: from the perspective of the country component, institutes / universities / educational institutions and funding organizations, key sections, citation, types of documents, research area, Web of Science indexes / categories, etc. Also given a brief description of the authors whose work in the field of smart tourism is the most cited today. In general, it should be noted that the overall result of the search query «Smart Tourism» amounted to 724 documents, which were further used in the «Plain Text» format for scientometric analysis, which made it possible to determine the current and prospective areas of research in the field of smartification of tourism services, as well as build networks that visualize them visually. The author’s methodology for conducting scientometric analysis was also developed, starting from the moment the data array was received, and ending with the final visualization, which is universal, adaptive and complex, and can be used by any researcher when conducting a scientometric analysis of this kind in any of the branches of science, including in tourism.
这篇科学文章致力于对经济学中一个新的相关领域——智能旅游进行科学计量分析，该领域在过去10-12年中已经广泛存在。这项研究是在使用知识网络数据库中的材料的基础上进行的（Web of Science核心收藏：科学引文索引扩展，社会科学引文索引，艺术与人文引文索引会议论文集引文索引-科学，会议论文集引用索引-社会科学与人文图书引文索引-自然，图书引文索引–社会科学和人文，新兴资源引文索引）2008-2022年，后来上传到CiteSpace 5.8.R3，以执行研究文章中设定的任务：分析共同引用，包括作者的引用；关键词聚类分析。值得注意的是，作者对WoS数据库阵列本身进行了详尽的描述：从国家组成部分、研究所/大学/教育机构和资助组织、关键部分、引文、文献类型、研究领域、Web of Science索引/类别等角度。还简要介绍了当今被引用最多的作者在智能旅游领域的工作。总的来说，应该注意的是，搜索查询“智能旅游”的总结果为724份文件，这些文件在“纯文本”格式中被进一步用于科学计量分析，这使得确定旅游服务智能化领域的当前和未来研究领域，以及建立可视化网络成为可能。作者进行科学计量分析的方法也得到了发展，从收到数据阵列的那一刻开始，到最终的可视化结束，这是通用的、自适应的和复杂的，任何研究人员在任何科学分支（包括旅游业）进行此类科学计量分析时都可以使用。
{"title":"Scientometric analysis of smart tourism using CiteSpace","authors":"D. Mamrayeva, L. Tashenova","doi":"10.21003/ea.v195-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v195-02","url":null,"abstract":"This scientific article is devoted to the scientometric analysis of one of the new and relevant areas in economics – smart tourism, which has become widespread in the last 10-12 years. The research was conducted based on the using of materials from the Web of Knowledge database (Web of Science Core Collection: Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Science Citation Index, Arts and Humanities Citation Index Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science, Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Social Science and Humanities Book Citation Index – Science, Book Citation Index – Social Science and Humanities, Emerging Sources Citation Index) for 2008-2022, which was later uploaded to CiteSpace 5.8.R3 to implement the tasks set in the research article: analysis of co-citations, including by authors; cluster analysis by keywords. It should be noted that the authors presented a capacious description of the WoS database array itself: from the perspective of the country component, institutes / universities / educational institutions and funding organizations, key sections, citation, types of documents, research area, Web of Science indexes / categories, etc. Also given a brief description of the authors whose work in the field of smart tourism is the most cited today. In general, it should be noted that the overall result of the search query «Smart Tourism» amounted to 724 documents, which were further used in the «Plain Text» format for scientometric analysis, which made it possible to determine the current and prospective areas of research in the field of smartification of tourism services, as well as build networks that visualize them visually. The author’s methodology for conducting scientometric analysis was also developed, starting from the moment the data array was received, and ending with the final visualization, which is universal, adaptive and complex, and can be used by any researcher when conducting a scientometric analysis of this kind in any of the branches of science, including in tourism.","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43629419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the analysis of today’s tendencies and trends, as well as considering the transformational shifts in the business Internet field due to COVID-19 and total digitalization, the value of implementing a smart online business development system is proven. It requires the implementation of a process approach and business processes customization for creating maximum buyers value. According to the results of generalization and systematization of data from leading scientists and economists, specialists in online retail, it is established that the problem of developing a smart system for managing and developing business in the online environment is still fragmentarily studied. Considering the above, the purpose of the study is to develop an online business smart development system that is congruent to the context and allows to comprehensively assess and analyze aspects of product, pricing, communication, sales and logistics activities, as well as make justified management decisions. To achieve the purpose, it is used general scientific approaches and methods: complex and structural approaches; methods of system analysis and synthesis, visualization method; special analysis methods, among which logical, economic-mathematical and comparative; method of expert evaluations. For the study, it is selected 21 online stores of the biggest Ukrainian retailers divided into three clusters. It is developed the contextualized system for determining the smart online business development (CSDSOBD), which includes product, price, communication, sales and logistics substantial subsystems. It is a complex multi-aspect system representing cyclic-continuous and discrete-linear connections and relations between retailers and buyers in the online environment. The specificity the CSDSOBD – the communication polysubjectivity and managerial decisions polyvariability based on the online buyers’ interactivity features with a symbiosis of the economic and social orientation of the strategic the enterprises’ goals. The CSDSOBD foundation – existential management of substantial subsystems based on stochastic fluctuations in the parameters of the external environment and its influence on the online buyers’ behavior. The CSDSOBD key competitive advantage – coherent mechanism for determining the online business smart development in a fluctuating marketing environment. It is proposed the scientific and methodical approach to identify the CSDSOBD development focus consists in determining the level of development of the substantial subsystems based on the results of quantitative and qualitative assessments of the relevant metrics. After approbation of the approach, the recommended measures to improve of the CSDSOBD substantial subsystems level development for retailers are presented. The identification of the CSDSOBD development focus is carried out after a comprehensive assessment of the development level of each substantive subsystem. Taking into account the obtained results, it i
{"title":"The contextualized system of determining the smart online business development","authors":"A. Natorina, O. Bavyko, M. Bondarchuk","doi":"10.21003/ea.v195-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v195-05","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis of today’s tendencies and trends, as well as considering the transformational shifts in the business Internet field due to COVID-19 and total digitalization, the value of implementing a smart online business development system is proven. It requires the implementation of a process approach and business processes customization for creating maximum buyers value. According to the results of generalization and systematization of data from leading scientists and economists, specialists in online retail, it is established that the problem of developing a smart system for managing and developing business in the online environment is still fragmentarily studied. Considering the above, the purpose of the study is to develop an online business smart development system that is congruent to the context and allows to comprehensively assess and analyze aspects of product, pricing, communication, sales and logistics activities, as well as make justified management decisions. To achieve the purpose, it is used general scientific approaches and methods: complex and structural approaches; methods of system analysis and synthesis, visualization method; special analysis methods, among which logical, economic-mathematical and comparative; method of expert evaluations. For the study, it is selected 21 online stores of the biggest Ukrainian retailers divided into three clusters. It is developed the contextualized system for determining the smart online business development (CSDSOBD), which includes product, price, communication, sales and logistics substantial subsystems. It is a complex multi-aspect system representing cyclic-continuous and discrete-linear connections and relations between retailers and buyers in the online environment. The specificity the CSDSOBD – the communication polysubjectivity and managerial decisions polyvariability based on the online buyers’ interactivity features with a symbiosis of the economic and social orientation of the strategic the enterprises’ goals. The CSDSOBD foundation – existential management of substantial subsystems based on stochastic fluctuations in the parameters of the external environment and its influence on the online buyers’ behavior. The CSDSOBD key competitive advantage – coherent mechanism for determining the online business smart development in a fluctuating marketing environment. It is proposed the scientific and methodical approach to identify the CSDSOBD development focus consists in determining the level of development of the substantial subsystems based on the results of quantitative and qualitative assessments of the relevant metrics. After approbation of the approach, the recommended measures to improve of the CSDSOBD substantial subsystems level development for retailers are presented. The identification of the CSDSOBD development focus is carried out after a comprehensive assessment of the development level of each substantive subsystem. Taking into account the obtained results, it i","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48023438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fayez Al Sharari, O. Yemelyanov, Y. Dziurakh, O. Sokil, Olena Danylovych
The article developed and tested tools for assessing the impact of debt financing of energy saving projects on the financial sustainability of those enterprises that implement these projects. In particular, an indicator for assessing the level of financial stability of business entities is proposed. The calculation of this indicator is based on a comparison of the forecast value of the flow of income of the enterprise, which it can use to fulfill its obligations to creditors, with the minimum allowable value of this flow, at which these obligations will be guaranteed to be fulfilled by the enterprise. A model for assessing the impact of debt financing of energy saving measures at enterprises on the level of their financial stability has been developed. Analytical expressions have been established for the limiting values of the part of the loan financing of energy-saving projects, under which the financial stability of the enterprise after the implementation of these projects will not decrease or will be at the minimum acceptable level. This made it possible to identify the conditions under which the introduction of investment measures at enterprises aimed at improving energy efficiency leads to an increase in the level of financial stability of business entities. These conditions provide for a limitation on the share of borrowed funds in the structure of sources of financing for energy saving projects, taking into account the forecast values of return on investment and other indicators that affect the ability of enterprises to fulfill their loan obligations in a timely manner. An empirical analysis was carried out on a sample of Ukrainian enterprises belonging to three types of economic activity. This analysis showed, in particular, that an increase in the investment activity of enterprises in the field of energy conservation has a positive impact on their level of financial stability. It was also found that the increase in the share of debt financing of energy-saving projects, to a certain extent, negatively affected the financial stability of the enterprises that implemented these projects. However, at any level of debt financing, the implementation of energy-saving projects made it possible to increase the average financial stability of the companies under study. The purpose of the article is to develop and use tools for assessing the impact of debt financing of energy saving projects on the financial sustainability of those enterprises that implement these projects.
{"title":"The energy-saving projects’ impact on the level of an enterprise’s financial stability","authors":"Fayez Al Sharari, O. Yemelyanov, Y. Dziurakh, O. Sokil, Olena Danylovych","doi":"10.21003/ea.v195-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v195-04","url":null,"abstract":"The article developed and tested tools for assessing the impact of debt financing of energy saving projects on the financial sustainability of those enterprises that implement these projects. In particular, an indicator for assessing the level of financial stability of business entities is proposed. The calculation of this indicator is based on a comparison of the forecast value of the flow of income of the enterprise, which it can use to fulfill its obligations to creditors, with the minimum allowable value of this flow, at which these obligations will be guaranteed to be fulfilled by the enterprise. A model for assessing the impact of debt financing of energy saving measures at enterprises on the level of their financial stability has been developed. Analytical expressions have been established for the limiting values of the part of the loan financing of energy-saving projects, under which the financial stability of the enterprise after the implementation of these projects will not decrease or will be at the minimum acceptable level. This made it possible to identify the conditions under which the introduction of investment measures at enterprises aimed at improving energy efficiency leads to an increase in the level of financial stability of business entities. These conditions provide for a limitation on the share of borrowed funds in the structure of sources of financing for energy saving projects, taking into account the forecast values of return on investment and other indicators that affect the ability of enterprises to fulfill their loan obligations in a timely manner. An empirical analysis was carried out on a sample of Ukrainian enterprises belonging to three types of economic activity. This analysis showed, in particular, that an increase in the investment activity of enterprises in the field of energy conservation has a positive impact on their level of financial stability. It was also found that the increase in the share of debt financing of energy-saving projects, to a certain extent, negatively affected the financial stability of the enterprises that implemented these projects. However, at any level of debt financing, the implementation of energy-saving projects made it possible to increase the average financial stability of the companies under study. The purpose of the article is to develop and use tools for assessing the impact of debt financing of energy saving projects on the financial sustainability of those enterprises that implement these projects.","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47730618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the work is to identify the underlying causes of world instability and, on the basis of this, to suggest recommendations on directions for further research to prevent the catastrophe of the global society. The work analyzes the activities of international organizations for more than 50 years, aimed at ensuring sustainable development of the world. First of all, these are UN resolutions and OSCE decisions. The forecasted indicators of development and risks of the global society in the future are analyzed, as well as the success and failures in the implementation of the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals. Two conclusions were drawn. The first conclusion is that there is the tangible success in increasing the sustainability of development. The second conclusion is that the set goals will not be achieved in full, and for some goals, deterioration is observed, since the global causes of instability have not been identified. The world has 20% entered a period of instability in terms of self-sustainability (A) There are at least three such reasons: imperfection of economic theory; insufficient level of morality in economic and political life between states, in business and ordinary people; the absence of a truly effective system for selecting elites and a system for promoting true leaders to the pinnacle of power, when the pinnacle of power coincides with the pinnacle of wisdom and the pinnacle of morality. Research directions for the development of measures to prevent a global catastrophe are proposed. The first set of studies is aimed at establishing correlations between causes and effects. For example, between improving economic theory and making development more sustainable. The second set of studies is aimed at developing mechanisms to eliminate the causes of instability.
{"title":"Global reasons of world instability and ways to its decreas","authors":"P. Vorobiyenko","doi":"10.21003/ea.v195-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v195-01","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work is to identify the underlying causes of world instability and, on the basis of this, to suggest recommendations on directions for further research to prevent the catastrophe of the global society. The work analyzes the activities of international organizations for more than 50 years, aimed at ensuring sustainable development of the world. First of all, these are UN resolutions and OSCE decisions. The forecasted indicators of development and risks of the global society in the future are analyzed, as well as the success and failures in the implementation of the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals. Two conclusions were drawn. The first conclusion is that there is the tangible success in increasing the sustainability of development. The second conclusion is that the set goals will not be achieved in full, and for some goals, deterioration is observed, since the global causes of instability have not been identified. The world has 20% entered a period of instability in terms of self-sustainability (A) There are at least three such reasons: imperfection of economic theory; insufficient level of morality in economic and political life between states, in business and ordinary people; the absence of a truly effective system for selecting elites and a system for promoting true leaders to the pinnacle of power, when the pinnacle of power coincides with the pinnacle of wisdom and the pinnacle of morality. Research directions for the development of measures to prevent a global catastrophe are proposed. The first set of studies is aimed at establishing correlations between causes and effects. For example, between improving economic theory and making development more sustainable. The second set of studies is aimed at developing mechanisms to eliminate the causes of instability.","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46378734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jl. Brawijaya, Jadan Tamantirto No.99, Kec. Kasihan, Kabupaten Bantul, S. Hartoko
State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesia are important economic actors in the national economy. However, SOEs have problems with accountability and financial transparency. SOEs problems ultimately lead to high economic costs and reduce efficiency. This study aims to determine the practice of fraudulent financial statements in SOEs. The method used in this research is descriptive. Data was obtained using observation and documentation of the Garuda Indonesia Group company which is a major airline in Indonesia. In addition, data were obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), which consists of 36 samples. This study analyzes the financial statements from 2010 to 2018 as an independent variable. The dependent variable is measured by the elements of the pentagon fraud theory (pressure, opportunity, rationalization, competence, and arrogance) to detect fraudulent financial statements. Data analysis uses Kernel regression parameters, namely R-squared, predictive sign, and standard error, to detect earnings management in the context of the Garuda Indonesia Group. The results show that all the elements of the pentagon fraud theory affect financial statements. The study results show that the pentagon theory of fraud can be relied upon to detect misreporting in financial statements of SOEs. Furthermore, the study results are expected to be considered by related parties to be better prepared when detecting financial statement fraud using the fraud pentagon theory model.
{"title":"The pentagon fraud theory perspective: understanding of motivation of executives to manipulate with the financial statements of a state-owned enterprise","authors":"Jl. Brawijaya, Jadan Tamantirto No.99, Kec. Kasihan, Kabupaten Bantul, S. Hartoko","doi":"10.21003/ea.v194-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v194-13","url":null,"abstract":"State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesia are important economic actors in the national economy. However, SOEs have problems with accountability and financial transparency. SOEs problems ultimately lead to high economic costs and reduce efficiency. This study aims to determine the practice of fraudulent financial statements in SOEs. The method used in this research is descriptive. Data was obtained using observation and documentation of the Garuda Indonesia Group company which is a major airline in Indonesia. In addition, data were obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), which consists of 36 samples. This study analyzes the financial statements from 2010 to 2018 as an independent variable. The dependent variable is measured by the elements of the pentagon fraud theory (pressure, opportunity, rationalization, competence, and arrogance) to detect fraudulent financial statements. Data analysis uses Kernel regression parameters, namely R-squared, predictive sign, and standard error, to detect earnings management in the context of the Garuda Indonesia Group. The results show that all the elements of the pentagon fraud theory affect financial statements. The study results show that the pentagon theory of fraud can be relied upon to detect misreporting in financial statements of SOEs. Furthermore, the study results are expected to be considered by related parties to be better prepared when detecting financial statement fraud using the fraud pentagon theory model.","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42660820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Rumambi, Johanis Ohoitimur, R. Kaparang, J. Lintong, J. Tangon
This study aims to build a social responsibility model for higher education institutions (HEI) from human social nature. This study uses a qualitative research design. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with several HEI management and literature studies related to the basis and limitations of the model. The data are analyzed, interpreted, elaborated, and the HEI social responsibility model is built. This model uses the perspective of human social nature. This model represents the essence of HEI’s social responsibility and provides a basic transformation in HEI management in terms of sustainability, transparency, and accountability. HEI’s social responsibility is concreted in teaching, research, and community service activities. By carrying out its social responsibilities, the institution will gain legitimacy from the community. Its existence will be well received to build synergy between the institution and the community, both the government and the local community. This has an impact on improving the image of HEI.
{"title":"Social responsibility model to empower community for higher education institution","authors":"H. Rumambi, Johanis Ohoitimur, R. Kaparang, J. Lintong, J. Tangon","doi":"10.21003/ea.v194-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.v194-17","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to build a social responsibility model for higher education institutions (HEI) from human social nature. This study uses a qualitative research design. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with several HEI management and literature studies related to the basis and limitations of the model. The data are analyzed, interpreted, elaborated, and the HEI social responsibility model is built. This model uses the perspective of human social nature. This model represents the essence of HEI’s social responsibility and provides a basic transformation in HEI management in terms of sustainability, transparency, and accountability. HEI’s social responsibility is concreted in teaching, research, and community service activities. By carrying out its social responsibilities, the institution will gain legitimacy from the community. Its existence will be well received to build synergy between the institution and the community, both the government and the local community. This has an impact on improving the image of HEI.","PeriodicalId":51923,"journal":{"name":"Economic Annals-XXI","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49389997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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