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LIMITATIONS OF CLINICAL AUTHORITY AND MEDICAL PRACTICE THROUGH APPLICATION-BASED TELEMEDICINE 基于应用的远程医疗对临床权威和医疗实践的限制
Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.25041/iplr.v4i1.2962
Chandrika Karis Adhalia
Telemedicine is a technology-based health service that can be carried out remotely by health workers to improve public health. This study aims to determine the status of telemedicine service provider applications in medical practice therapeutic transactions, the status of doctors' practice licenses (SIP) in telemedicine practice, and the limits of clinical authority that doctors can exercise in providing medical services form of Telemedicine. This research method is normative juridical by analyzing library materials, secondary legal materials, and the results of interviews with informants. The study results found that the telemedicine service provider application is not an official health facility, the SIP used as a requirement in telemedicine-based applications does not comply with applicable regulations, and the limited clinical authority for telemedicine practice is consultation and initial therapy.
远程医疗是一种基于技术的卫生服务,可由卫生工作者远程开展,以改善公共卫生。本研究旨在确定远程医疗服务提供者在医疗实践治疗交易中的应用地位、医生执业许可证(SIP)在远程医疗实践中的地位,以及医生在提供远程医疗医疗服务形式时可行使的临床权限范围。通过分析图书馆资料、二手法律资料和对举报人的访谈结果,本研究方法是规范的司法方法。研究结果发现,远程医疗服务提供者应用程序不是官方的卫生设施,SIP作为远程医疗应用程序的要求不符合适用法规,远程医疗实践的有限临床权限是会诊和初始治疗。
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引用次数: 0
THE PRINCIPLE OF PROPORTIONALITY ON DIGITAL BUSINESS AGREEMENTS: BETWEEN MITIGATION AND ORIENTATION 数字商业协议的比例原则:缓解与定向之间的关系
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.25041/iplr.v4i1.2954
M. Arifin, Z. Arifin, Mac Thi Hoai Thuong
The Agreement as part of civil law is one of everyday life's most frequently performed actions.  This study aims to anticipate the development of digital agreements by contextualizing the provisions of laws and regulations regarding agreements. This research is normative legal research that uses statutory and conceptual approaches. The results of the study confirm that efforts to mitigate digital agreements following contract law are by still referring to Article 1320 of the Civil Code by prioritizing four orientations to minimize risks in digital agreements. First, the preventive orientation by looking at the parties who are invited to enter into agreements. Second, the prudence and proportionality in reading the provisions in digital agreements. Third, the prudence and proportionality of digital agreements by including names as well as identities that can be contacted and can be accounted for by the parties. Fourth, prudence and proportionality in determining the object of the agreement. Furthermore, the orientation of digital agreements based on the principle of proportionality based on philosophical, sociological, and juridical aspects requires specific arrangements, particularly regarding the minimum requirements for implementing digital agreements. That is because the unique characteristics of digital agreements need special arrangements regarding the terms of the validity of digital agreements, which in general still refer to Article 1320 of the Civil Code.
协议作为民法的一部分,是日常生活中最常见的行为之一。本研究旨在通过将有关协议的法律法规规定置于背景下,预测数字协议的发展。本研究是使用成文法和概念方法的规范性法律研究。研究结果证实,在合同法之后减少数字协议的努力仍然是参考《民法典》第1320条,优先考虑四个方向,以最大限度地降低数字协议的风险。首先,通过审查被邀请签订协议的各方的预防性方针。第二,解读数字协议条款的审慎性和相称性。第三,数字协议的审慎性和相称性,包括双方可以联系和解释的姓名和身份。第四,确定协议对象的审慎性和相称性。此外,基于基于哲学、社会学和法律方面的比例原则的数字协议的取向需要具体安排,特别是关于实施数字协议的最低要求。这是因为数字协议的独特特征需要对数字协议的有效性条款进行特殊安排,这些条款通常仍指《民法典》第1320条。
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引用次数: 0
PROVIDER'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR DATA PERSONAL CONSUMER ASSOCIATED WITH PRIME CARD REGISTRATION 供应商对与主卡注册相关的个人消费者数据的责任
Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.25041/iplr.v4i1.2794
Anugrah Prima Utama
To minimize starter packs, the Government, through Regulation of the Minister of Communication and Information Number 12 of 2016 jo. Regulation of the Minister of Communication and Informatics Number 14 of 2017 concerning the Registration of Telecommunications Service Customers requires consumers to send personal data to the operator as a National Identity Number and Family Card Number or biological mother's name. However, this condition needs to be addressed appropriately, bearing in mind that the use of personal data by irresponsible parties without approval or authorization or because electronic system failures are prone to occur. The problems in this research are further examining the legal relationship between the provider and the consumer, the provider's responsibility to the consumer's data regarding starter pack registration, and the legal remedies consumers can take when personal data protection fails. The method used in this research is normative, carried out by reviewing existing laws and regulations and the literature related to the research topic. This study's results indicate a legal relationship between providers and consumers marked by registration recruitment. The provider, in this case, is the party that formulates the agreement, while the consumer only agrees and follows the agreed terms. Furthermore, the operator has responsibility for the telecommunications services it provides, including maintaining legitimacy, truth, accuracy, and relevance, as well as suitability to obtain, collect, analyzing, process, display, store, post, send, disseminate, to destroying personal data by the provisions legislation. And suppose there is a failure to protect the confidentiality of personal data. In that case, consumers can file legal remedies through complaints, civil lawsuits through court and alternative dispute resolution, or prosecution of providers.
为了最大限度地减少新手包,政府通过了2016年第12号通信和信息部长条例。2017年第14号通信和信息部关于电信服务客户注册的规定要求消费者向运营商发送个人数据,如国民身份证号码和家庭卡号或亲生母亲的姓名。然而,这种情况需要适当地解决,要记住,不负责任的人在未经批准或授权的情况下使用个人资料,或者因为电子系统容易发生故障。本研究的问题是进一步考察提供商与消费者之间的法律关系,提供商在入门包注册方面对消费者数据的责任,以及当个人数据保护失败时消费者可以采取的法律补救措施。本研究采用的方法是规范性的,通过查阅现有的法律法规和与研究课题相关的文献进行研究。本研究的结果表明,提供者和消费者之间的法律关系以注册招募为标志。在这种情况下,提供者是制定协议的一方,而消费者只是同意并遵循商定的条款。此外,运营商对其提供的电信服务负有责任,包括维护个人数据的合法性、真实性、准确性和相关性,以及获取、收集、分析、处理、显示、存储、邮寄、发送、传播和销毁个人数据的适宜性。假设没有保护好个人数据的机密性。在这种情况下,消费者可以通过投诉、通过法院和其他纠纷解决方案提起民事诉讼或起诉供应商等方式提出法律救济。
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引用次数: 0
LEGALITY EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS IMPLEMENTATION BY SHAREHOLDERS 股东临时大会由股东执行的合法性
Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.25041/iplr.v4i1.2930
Andhes Tan Satrisna
The General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) is the organ of the company that has the highest authority in the company, and all decisions relating to the company are stipulated through the GMS after certain conditions have been met as stipulated in the laws and regulations. The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders (EGMS) and the legal consequences of the Implementation of the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders organized by PT. KOLINGKAS in terms of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. This study uses normative legal research methods and uses a qualitative approach. As well as using primary, secondary and tertiary sources of legal materials from books, journals, laws and regulations related to the holding of the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders. The results of the study show that the legality of holding an EGMS by shareholders can be seen from the legal consequences of holding an Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders (EGMS) held by PT. KOLINGKAS, in holding the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders, the Plaintiff as a Member of the Board of Directors was not given any defense by the Defendants, in this case PT. KLK and also the plan to dismiss the Plaintiff as Director were not notified in advance to the Plaintiff, the implementation was carried out unilaterally, or the directors did not know about it, so that the Plaintiff was dismissed by the EGMS as stated in Deed Number 06 concerning Minutes of the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders of PT. KLK does not meet the requirements and procedures set out in UUPT and is an unlawful act, then it has violated laws and regulations or it is considered that the decision is legally flawed. So that for fraudulent acts committed by parties within the company, the party conducting the Extraordinary GMS activities can be held liable for civil liability for these actions.
股东大会是公司的最高权力机构,公司的一切决定都是在符合法律法规规定的一定条件后,由股东大会作出的。本研究的目的是找出执行临时股东大会(EGMS)和执行临时股东大会的法律后果由PT. KOLINGKAS组织的2007年第40号法律关于有限责任公司。本研究采用规范的法律研究方法,并采用定性方法。以及利用与召开临时股东大会有关的书籍、期刊、法律法规等第一手、二手和第三方法律资料。研究结果表明,控股股东的五强的合法性的法律后果可以看到手里拿着一个非同寻常的股东大会(五)由PT。KOLINGKAS,在控股股东特别大会,原告作为董事会的成员由被告没有任何防御,在这种情况下PT。KLK也计划驳回原告作为导演没有提前通知原告,执行是单方面进行的,或者董事不知道,以致原告被EGMS解雇,如第06号契约所述,关于PT的临时股东大会会议记录。KLK不符合UUPT规定的要求和程序,是非法行为,则违反法律法规或认为该决定存在法律缺陷。因此,对于公司内部各方的欺诈行为,进行超常规GMS活动的一方可以对这些行为承担民事责任。
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引用次数: 0
IMPLEMENTATION NATIONAL AGREEMENTS IN THE DIVISION OF COLLECTIVE PROPERTY IN THE TIME OF DIVORCE 执行国家关于离婚时集体财产分割的约定
Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.25041/iplr.v4i1.2945
Yulius Oktaber
This research was conducted to find out the agreement made by the husband and wife before the marriage takes place which is called the marriage agreement or prenuptial agreement which regulates the separation of assets. The joint assets that are formed in marriage are from the time the marriage takes place until the date the marriage bond is broken. Furthermore, based on Article 38 of Law no. 16 of 2019 stipulates that marriages can be dissolved due to: death; divorce; and by court decision. This study uses the Normative Juridical legal research method, whose approach is carried out by examining statutory regulations that can be used as a legal reference in the application of Prenuptial agreements and analyzing the judge's decision at the Bandar Lampung Religious High Court Number: 0004/Pdt.G/2021/PTA.Bdl dated January 27, 2021 as a guideline for sharing joint assets after divorce. The results of this study are that there is a legal position in the settlement of the distribution of joint assets after divorce and shows that the legal position in the settlement of the distribution of joint assets after marriage has been regulated in marriage law and the compilation of Islamic law. Furthermore, the judge's consideration regarding the distribution of joint assets in the Religious Court Decision No.0004/Pdt.G/2021/PTA.Bdl. regarding the divorce decision.
这项研究是为了找出丈夫和妻子在结婚前达成的协议,这被称为婚姻协议或婚前协议,它规定了财产的分离。婚姻中形成的共同财产自婚姻发生之日起至婚姻关系破裂之日止。此外,根据第38号法第38条。2019年第16条规定,婚姻可以因以下原因解除:死亡;离婚;由法院裁决。本研究采用规范司法法律研究方法,其方法是通过审查可作为婚前协议适用法律参考的法定法规,并分析楠榜岛宗教高等法院法官的判决:0004/Pdt.G/2021/PTA。2021年1月27日,作为离婚后共同财产分配的指导方针。本研究的结果是离婚后共同财产分配的解决有其法律地位,并表明在婚姻法和伊斯兰教法的编纂中对婚后共同财产分配的解决有其法律地位的规定。此外,法官在宗教法院第0004/Pdt.G/2021/PTA.Bdl号判决书中对共同财产分配的考虑。关于离婚的决定。
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引用次数: 0
IMPLICATIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE IMPLEMENTATION BUSINESS CONTRACTS 新冠肺炎疫情对业务合同执行的影响
Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.25041/iplr.v4i1.2920
Mutia Kartika Putri
The spread of Covid-19 has caused many debtors to be unable to carry out their achievements in contracts. The problems in this research are related to force majeure according to civil law in Indonesia, whether what is included in the qualifications for the Covid-19 pandemic can be categorized as force majeure according to Indonesian civil law and the legal consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic related to the implementation of business contracts. This type of research is normative legal research and descriptive research. The results of the study show that the characteristics of force majeure in civil law in Indonesia are not regulated in the Civil Code. Force majeure refers to events that cannot be predicted by humans or are related to natural events. The proof is that the cause of force majeure may not necessarily be categorized as force majeure. Several force majeure characteristics must be met as a reason for force majeure due to the Covid-19 pandemic by the debtor. This shows that the use of force majeure reasons still has a heavy burden and responsibility on the part of the debtor, there are restrictions on the application of force majeure. There are also incidents in the form of the Covid-19 pandemic or government policies that arose as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. It needs to be reviewed based on the nature of force majeure and the need for propriety or good faith of the debtor even though an event hinders the fulfillment of achievements.
新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延导致许多债务人无法履行合同成就。本研究的问题涉及印尼民法上的不可抗力问题,印尼民法上的新冠肺炎大流行的资格是否可以归类为不可抗力,以及新冠肺炎大流行的法律后果与商业合同的执行有关。这类研究是规范性法律研究和描述性研究。研究结果表明,印尼民法中的不可抗力特征在民法典中没有明确规定。不可抗力是指人类无法预测或者与自然事件有关的事件。证据是,不可抗力的原因不一定可以归为不可抗力。债务人必须满足若干不可抗力特征,作为2019冠状病毒病大流行不可抗力的原因。由此可见,使用不可抗力的事由对债务人的负担和责任仍然很重,对不可抗力的适用有一定的限制。还有一些事件以Covid-19大流行或因Covid-19大流行而产生的政府政策的形式出现。即使不可抗力事件阻碍了成就的实现,也需要根据不可抗力的性质和债务人的正当或诚信的需要进行审查。
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引用次数: 0
Peningkatan Pemahaman UU Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan Di Desa Malaka 增加了对1974年马拉卡村婚姻状况变更的16岁刑法认识
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.29303/prlw.v3i1.2353
Lalu Hadi Adha
Pengaturan batas usia minimal perkawinan yang berbeda antara pria dan wanita tidak saja menimbulkan diskriminasi dalam konteks pelaksanaan hak untuk membentuk keluarga sebagaimana dijamin dalam Pasal 28B ayat (1) UUD 1945, melainkan juga telah menimbulkan diskriminasi terhadap pelindungan dan pemenuhan hak anak sebagaimana dijamin dalam Pasal 28B ayat (2) UUD 1945. Dalam hal ini, ketika usia minimal perkawinan bagi wanita lebih rendah dibandingkan pria, maka secara hukum wanita dapat lebih cepat untuk membentuk keluarga. Oleh karena hal tersebut, dalam amar putusannya Mahkamah Konstitusi memerintahkan kepada pembentuk undang-undang untuk dalam jangka waktu paling lama 3 (tiga) tahun melakukan perubahan terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Terbitnya Undang-undang No 16 tahun 2019 tentang perubahan UU No1 tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, merupakan Perubahan norma dalam hal perkawinan khususnyan batas usia untuk melakukan perkawinan dan sekaligus perbaikan norma dengan menaikkan batas minimal umur perkawinan bagi wanita. Hal ini belum banyak diketahui masyarakat luas, oleh karena itu pengabdian yang kami lakukan di desa Malaka kabupaten Lombok Utara, kami melakukan sosialisasi mengenai perubahan ketentuan perkawinan yang dilakukan menurut hukum nasional. Dalam hal ini batas minimal umur perkawinan bagi wanita dipersamakan dengan batas minimal umur perkawinan bagi pria, yaitu 19 (sembilan belas) tahun. Batas usia dimaksud dinilai telah matang jiwa raganya untuk dapat melangsungkan perkawinan agar dapat mewujudkan tujuan perkawinan secara baik tanpa berakhir pada perceraian dan mendapat keturunan yang sehat dan berkualitas.
婚姻最低年龄限制设置不同的语境中男人和女人之间不仅引起歧视中所保证的权利建立家庭实施1945年宪法第28B章(1)节,也引发了外界歧视一章中所保证的保护和实现儿童权利法28B节(2)1945年宪法。在这种情况下,当女性的最低结婚年龄低于男性时,女性在法律上可以更快地组建家庭。因此,在阿玛尔的判决中,宪法法院命令立法者在最长的3(3)时间内修改1974年第1号婚姻法。2019年4月1日的《关于婚姻的新法》第16条通过提高妇女最低婚龄的规定,改变了专门的婚姻法。这在很大程度上是不为人知的,因此,我们在龙目岛北部马拉卡村所做的服务,我们在根据国家法律对婚姻条款的改变进行社会化。在这种情况下,女性婚姻年龄的最低限制被比作男性婚姻年龄的最低限制,为19岁(19岁)。这个年龄限制被认为是成熟的,它的身体能够维持婚姻,以实现其良好的目的,而不会以离婚告终,并获得健康和高质量的后代。
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引用次数: 0
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Pengelolaan Hutan Oleh Masyarakat Di Kawasan Geopark Rinjani 林佳尼地质公园社区对森林管理的司法权审查
Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.29303/prlw.v3i1.2196
Khairuddin Khairuddin, M. Fathoni
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dasar hukum masyarakat yang melakukan pengelolaan hutan di kawasan Geopark Rinjani serta bagaimana peran pemerintah dalam mengawasi tindakan masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan hutan di kawasan Geopark Rinjani khususnya di kawasan hutan Benang Kelambu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan sosiologis dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1) dasar hukum masyarakat melakukan pengelolaan yaitu hutan mengacu pada Surat Keputusan (SK) Menteri Kehutanan No. 436/Menhut-II/07 Tentang Penetapan Areal Kerja Hutan Kemasyarakatan serta diperkuat dengan aturan-aturan yang melegalkan kegiatan tersebut. (2) Adapun peran pemerintah terhadap pengelolaan hutan yaitu: peran untuk menguasai, mengelola, mengatur serta peran untuk mengawasi agar kelestarian hutan dapat terjaga dengan baik.
本研究旨在确定负责管理林贾尼林区森林的社区法律的基础,以及政府在管理林贾尼林区特别是在蚊帐林区对林区林区林区森林的行为所起的作用。这种研究是实证法律研究,有法律方法、社会学方法和概念方法。这项研究表明,(1)管理森林的基本法律依据是林业局(SK)第436号/ menhuut(2)至于政府在森林管理方面的作用,即:管理、管理、管理和监督森林可持续发展的角色。
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引用次数: 0
Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Kemampuan Anggota Koperasi Dalam Pelaksanaan Perjanjian Pinjaman Kredit Di Era Pandemi Covid-19 法律审查了Covid-19大流行期间合作成员执行信贷协议的能力
Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.29303/prlw.v3i1.2143
Aditya Billy Kusuma, Salim Salim
Restrukturisasi kredit merupakan salah satu upaya penyelamatan yang dilakukan oleh pihak koperasi untuk memperbaiki kegiatan anggota koperasi yang mengalami kesulitan untuk memenuhi kewajibannya karena adanya dampak dari pandemi covid-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui terhadap kemampuan anggota koperasi dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian kredit di era pandemi covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah Normatif-Empiris yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan secara langsung di lapangan untuk mengetahui permasalahan yang sebenarnya terjadi, kemudian akan dihubungkan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku dan teori hukum yang ada. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan perjanjian kredit mengalami perbedaan dari sebelumnya dikarenakan adanya pandemi covid-19.
信贷重组是合作社为改善因科维-19大流行病而难以履行职责而进行的救援工作之一。本研究的目的是了解合作成员在covid-19大流行期间履行信贷协议的能力。使用的方法是实证的,即直接在实地进行的研究,以查明实际问题,然后将其与现有的法律法规和法律理论联系起来。这项研究的结果表明,由于covid-19大流行,对信贷协议的执行有所不同。
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引用次数: 0
Hak-Hak Dari Pekerja Pkwt Yang Di PHK 被解雇的Pkwt工人的权利
Pub Date : 2023-02-02 DOI: 10.29303/prlw.v3i1.2133
Abd-El-Fattah Haikal, Zaeni Asyhadie
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa apa saja hak-hak yang diperoleh pekerja PKWT yang di PHK dan bagaimana dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan berdasarkan Putusan Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial Nomor 15/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2020/PN Mtr. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian normatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual dan kasus. Jenis dan sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Teknik/Cara memperoleh bahan hukum dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Hak-hak yang diperoleh pekerja PKWT yang di PHK berdasarkan Putusan Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial Nomor 15/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2020/PN Mtr. tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundangan-undangan, dalam hal ini Majelis Hakim hanya mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yuridisnya saja tanpa mempertimbangkan faktor non yuridis.
本研究旨在分析PKWT工人被解雇的权利是什么,以及法官在判决第15号/Pdt关系法院的判决时是如何考虑的。Sus-PHI PN - 2020年间捕捉到。本研究采用规范研究。我们使用的方法是立法方法,概念方法和案例方法。所使用的法律材料的类型和来源是主要的、次要的和第三级的法律材料。法律材料的获取技术与文学研究有关。本研究使用的分析是定性分析。根据PKWT员工被解雇的权利调查,根据行业关系法院第15号/Pdt的判决。Sus-PHI PN - 2020年间捕捉到。在这种情况下,法官委员会只考虑管辖因素,不考虑非法性因素。
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引用次数: 0
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Indonesia Private Law Review
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