The crisis caused by the Coronavirus pandemic has affected various parts of the economy, including air transport. Many carriers have reduced their operations by 70-80% and even some have suspended operations altogether. It will not be possible to restore the precrisis situation related to the Coronavirus pandemic without government support. The state authorities must support the carriers in the interest of maintaining a relatively balanced political and economic situation in the country. For many months, the restrictions will continue in 2021. If this crisis is overcome, it will take several years to restore the state of air traffic development before the coronavirus pandemic. Keywords: Crisis; Aviation; Air traffic
{"title":"Coronavirus aviation crisis","authors":"G. Zając","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_11_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_11_02","url":null,"abstract":"The crisis caused by the Coronavirus pandemic has affected various parts of the economy, including air transport. Many carriers have reduced their operations by 70-80% and even some have suspended operations altogether. It will not be possible to restore the precrisis situation related to the Coronavirus pandemic without government support. The state authorities must support the carriers in the interest of maintaining a relatively balanced political and economic situation in the country. For many months, the restrictions will continue in 2021. If this crisis is overcome, it will take several years to restore the state of air traffic development before the coronavirus pandemic. Keywords: Crisis; Aviation; Air traffic","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46920863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents an overview of monorails. The technological conditions for their construction have been taken into account. The conditions for the construction of cableways in Poland were analyzed. In Polish law, there are general provisions specifying and defining monorail, however, to enable the development of this technology in Poland, it is necessary to introduce additional separate regulations. It seems reasonable that a monorail should be treated similarly to a cable car, with some solutions borrowed from the classic. Keywords: Monorail; Cableway
{"title":"Conditions for the construction of monorails in Poland","authors":"Krzysztof Polak","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_11_01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_11_01","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an overview of monorails. The technological conditions for \u0000their construction have been taken into account. The conditions for the construction of \u0000cableways in Poland were analyzed. In Polish law, there are general provisions specifying and \u0000defining monorail, however, to enable the development of this technology in Poland, it is \u0000necessary to introduce additional separate regulations. It seems reasonable that a monorail \u0000should be treated similarly to a cable car, with some solutions borrowed from the classic. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Monorail; Cableway","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45261436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of airport infrastructure and creation of airline hubs, which have a great importance for the economy, encourage to thorough analysis of their role for airlines. Hub airports are the fundamental source of the competitive advantage of full service network carriers. This article explains their role for airlines. The paper presents also the most important properties of airline hubs, which affect the competitiveness of air carriers. It also presents major challenges related to the functioning of hub airports, which have to be addressed by airlines. These issues are very current due to planning of the new central transport hub in Poland. Keywords: Hub airport; Airlines; Competitiveness; Network carriers
{"title":"Airline hub as a source of competitive advantage","authors":"Elžbieta Marciszewska, Łukasz Kulpa","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_10_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_10_02","url":null,"abstract":"The development of airport infrastructure and creation of airline hubs, which have a great importance for the economy, encourage to thorough analysis of their role for airlines. Hub airports are the fundamental source of the competitive advantage of full service network carriers. This article explains their role for airlines. The paper presents also the most important properties of airline hubs, which affect the competitiveness of air carriers. It also presents major challenges related to the functioning of hub airports, which have to be addressed by airlines. These issues are very current due to planning of the new central transport hub in Poland. Keywords: Hub airport; Airlines; Competitiveness; Network carriers","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43350292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The availability of transport services is one of the basic conditions for meeting the living needs and socio-economic activity of the population. The lack of access to such services is called a communication exclusion. Analyzes indicate that in Poland, both the number and the length of bus lines, mainly regional bus lines, are systematically decreasing. There is also little interest of local government units in building a common public transport offer. At the same time, the automotive index is rising. An important condition for shaping an integrated public transport network is cooperation: cooperation of various authorities at different levels, cooperation of authorities with carriers, cooperation with residents, enabling them to obtain their opinions. An important role can and should be played by non- governmental organizations that exist and operate in many places in Poland, pointing to the desired and expected solutions in the area of transport, e.g. the course of bicycle routes or the location of transfer points, or pointing to shortcomings and deficiencies in infrastructure. Keywords: Transport policy; Availability of transport services
{"title":"Integrative transport policy - theory and practice","authors":"A. Mężyk","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_10_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_10_03","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of transport services is one of the basic conditions for meeting the living needs and socio-economic activity of the population. The lack of access to such services is called a communication exclusion. Analyzes indicate that in Poland, both the number and the length of bus lines, mainly regional bus lines, are systematically decreasing. There is also little interest of local government units in building a common public transport offer. At the same time, the automotive index is rising. An important condition for shaping an integrated public transport network is cooperation: cooperation of various authorities at different levels, cooperation of authorities with carriers, cooperation with residents, enabling them to obtain their opinions. An important role can and should be played by non- governmental organizations that exist and operate in many places in Poland, pointing to the desired and expected solutions in the area of transport, e.g. the course of bicycle routes or the location of transfer points, or pointing to shortcomings and deficiencies in infrastructure. Keywords: Transport policy; Availability of transport services","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41737088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Wiśnicki, D. Dybkowska-Stefek, Łukasz Kolanda, J. Relisko-Rybak
Studies on the location of river ports along the Odra Waterway (ODW), the Silesian Canal and the Polish section of the Danube-Odra-Elbe Canal (DOL) have been completed. The multi-criteria analysis of the transport and economic potential of the ODW allowed to determine the location of transport nodes and river ports and to define their categories. The indicated river ports should constitute future concentration points for transport and logistics services. This is especially important in the context of the update of the European TEN-T network, which is planned for 2023. Hence, the key recommendations relate to nine new international transport nodes and trimodal ports located therein. Keywords: River ports; Transport nodes; Cargo port
{"title":"Location of river cargo ports on the Odra Waterway - the results of the analyzes Szczecin and Świnoujście Seaports Authority","authors":"B. Wiśnicki, D. Dybkowska-Stefek, Łukasz Kolanda, J. Relisko-Rybak","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_10_01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_10_01","url":null,"abstract":"Studies on the location of river ports along the Odra Waterway (ODW), the Silesian Canal and the Polish section of the Danube-Odra-Elbe Canal (DOL) have been completed. The multi-criteria analysis of the transport and economic potential of the ODW allowed to determine the location of transport nodes and river ports and to define their categories. The indicated river ports should constitute future concentration points for transport and logistics services. This is especially important in the context of the update of the European TEN-T network, which is planned for 2023. Hence, the key recommendations relate to nine new international transport nodes and trimodal ports located therein. Keywords: River ports; Transport nodes; Cargo port","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48887516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Zbiciak, K. Józefiak, R. Czubacki, Patrycja Chacińska
Noise is one of the major environmental concerns nowadays. The problem is especially significant around large urban agglomerations where high levels of noise can have a negative impact on physical or psychological well-being of citizens while a long-term exposure can be harmful to health. Residential areas are protected by the introduction of maximum allowable sound pressure levels according to appropriate norms. There are also similar regulations concerning natural areas under environmental protection. Different measures used in order to reduce levels of noise should be applied primarily to the source of the sound. This is the task mainly for the manufacturers of all kinds of machines as well as means of transport. However, noise levels can be also controlled by the introduction of appropriately designed or chosen elements or materials in civil engineering structures. The noise levels emitted by the rail traffic depend on the number, kind and speed of trains, night and day traffic organization as well as on the type of the railroad structure and its location (e.g. on an embankment, on a bridge or flyover). Railway noise mainly develops between wheels and rails and depends on the roughness of both these elements, rolling speed and dynamic characteristics of the railroad. The paper presents the mathematical formulation of a coupled acoustic-structure problem. Solving the problem with finite element method gives the possibility to predict sound pressure levels in the vicinity of a railway structure. A numerical model of a certain type of a railroad structure was built in order to simulate the acoustic wave propagation caused by a wheel-rail interaction. The harmonic analysis was carried out using the Abaqus software. The acoustic pressureobtained based on the harmonic analysis was evaluated in certain points of the acoustic medium for various excitation frequencies. The final results were presented in the form of one-third octave bands. In the article, a possible methodology for estimating noise levels from railway structures based on a numerical analysis was shown. In the future works, the numerical model will be validated by field test data and applied to evaluate different types of technological solutions (silencers) used to reduce railway noise levels. This paper is part of the project “Innovative solutions for the protection of people and building against noise from rail traffic”. The project is co-financed by the European Union from the European Regional Development Fund within the framework of the Smart Growth Operational Programme and by PKP PLK S.A. within the framework of a joint venture BRIK. Keywords: Finite Element Method; Acoustics; Railway Noise
{"title":"FEM simulations of acoustic wave propagation in the vicinity of the railroad structure","authors":"A. Zbiciak, K. Józefiak, R. Czubacki, Patrycja Chacińska","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_09_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_09_03","url":null,"abstract":"Noise is one of the major environmental concerns nowadays. The problem is especially significant around large urban agglomerations where high levels of noise can have a negative impact on physical or psychological well-being of citizens while a long-term exposure can be harmful to health. Residential areas are protected by the introduction of maximum allowable sound pressure levels according to appropriate norms. There are also similar regulations concerning natural areas under environmental protection. Different measures used in order to reduce levels of noise should be applied primarily to the source of the sound. This is the task mainly for the manufacturers of all kinds of machines as well as means of transport. However, noise levels can be also controlled by the introduction of appropriately designed or chosen elements or materials in civil engineering structures. The noise levels emitted by the rail traffic depend on the number, kind and speed of trains, night and day traffic organization as well as on the type of the railroad structure and its location (e.g. on an embankment, on a bridge or flyover). Railway noise mainly develops between wheels and rails and depends on the roughness of both these elements, rolling speed and dynamic characteristics of the railroad. The paper presents the mathematical formulation of a coupled acoustic-structure problem. Solving the problem with finite element method gives the possibility to predict sound pressure levels in the vicinity of a railway structure. A numerical model of a certain type of a railroad structure was built in order to simulate the acoustic wave propagation caused by a wheel-rail interaction. The harmonic analysis was carried out using the Abaqus software. The acoustic pressureobtained based on the harmonic analysis was evaluated in certain points of the acoustic medium for various excitation frequencies. The final results were presented in the form of one-third octave bands. In the article, a possible methodology for estimating noise levels from railway structures based on a numerical analysis was shown. In the future works, the numerical model will be validated by field test data and applied to evaluate different types of technological solutions (silencers) used to reduce railway noise levels. This paper is part of the project “Innovative solutions for the protection of people and building against noise from rail traffic”. The project is co-financed by the European Union from the European Regional Development Fund within the framework of the Smart Growth Operational Programme and by PKP PLK S.A. within the framework of a joint venture BRIK. Keywords: Finite Element Method; Acoustics; Railway Noise","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69888052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper discusses the possibilities of the use of drones in the visual diagnostics of the railway track. Examples of extensive defects in the railhead are shown, along with methods of image processing and analysis. Pros and cons of such a research were presented. Suggested directions for their implementation at PKP PLK S.A. were presented. Keywords: Drones; Railway rails; Vision research; Safety
{"title":"Drones in visual diagnostics of defects in railway rails","authors":"P. Lesiak","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_09_01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_09_01","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the possibilities of the use of drones in the visual diagnostics of the railway track. Examples of extensive defects in the railhead are shown, along with methods of image processing and analysis. Pros and cons of such a research were presented. Suggested directions for their implementation at PKP PLK S.A. were presented. Keywords: Drones; Railway rails; Vision research; Safety","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44203155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
n this paper the results of the live load tests of soil steel bridge are presented. The structure was designed with use of the largest possible corrugation type UltraCor. Parameters of analysed structure were referred to the current record structures in the term of span. Standard test procedure have been expended to check the efficiency of the position-changing loads i.e live loads but in a quasi-static approach. The measuring base was the upper part of the shell periphery equipped with inductive and dial gauges to determine deflections at regular layout. Paper presents another example of the formation of “hysteresis loop” where the live load is passing back and forth along the same path. In the case of a dense layout of measuring points it is possible to use a differential algorithm to estimate the bending moments in corrugated steel plates. Analysed case shows that the internal forces and displacements due to the live loads are much smaller than during construction. The purpose of the paper is to indicate the specific behaviour of soil-steel structures in relation to classical arch bridges.
{"title":"Expanded range of testing of soil-steel bridge with use moving loads","authors":"C. Machelski, Politechnika Wrocławska, P. Tomala","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_09_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_09_02","url":null,"abstract":"n this paper the results of the live load tests of soil steel bridge are presented. The structure was designed with use of the largest possible corrugation type UltraCor. Parameters of analysed structure were referred to the current record structures in the term of span. Standard test procedure have been expended to check the efficiency of the position-changing loads i.e live loads but in a quasi-static approach. The measuring base was the upper part of the shell periphery equipped with inductive and dial gauges to determine deflections at regular layout. Paper presents another example of the formation of “hysteresis loop” where the live load is passing back and forth along the same path. In the case of a dense layout of measuring points it is possible to use a differential algorithm to estimate the bending moments in corrugated steel plates. Analysed case shows that the internal forces and displacements due to the live loads are much smaller than during construction. The purpose of the paper is to indicate the specific behaviour of soil-steel structures in relation to classical arch bridges.","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41786878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.35117/a_eng_20_06-07-08_02
Bójko Justyna
The COVID-19 epidemic does not stop investment processes. Moreover, the stimulation of the economy will consist, inter alia, in the strong stimulation of the public investment sector. Therefore, entrepreneurs who currently meet the challenges will not cease to fulfill their obligations and will meet the contractual conditions have a chance to implement further contracts - otherwise, they risk being excluded from future proceedings.
{"title":"The COVID-19 epidemic and contracts for construction works concluded on the general terms and conditions of FIDIC under the Act on Public Procurement","authors":"Bójko Justyna","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_06-07-08_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_06-07-08_02","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 epidemic does not stop investment processes. Moreover, the stimulation of the economy will consist, inter alia, in the strong stimulation of the public investment sector. Therefore, entrepreneurs who currently meet the challenges will not cease to fulfill their obligations and will meet the contractual conditions have a chance to implement further contracts - otherwise, they risk being excluded from future proceedings.","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44395363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.35117/a_eng_20_06-07-08_01
Zielaskiewicz Henryk
The article presents a historical perspective on the development of transport technology, i.e. a container. It was indicated what solutions are currently used on terminals in order to shorten the service time of intermodal units and ensure an increase in the efficiency of handling operations. Intelligent containers are presented, which are equipped with numerous sensors, which include can follow the route of the container. The author outlined what activities are currently carried out by governmental and international organizations to ensure cargo safety during transport operations. The directions of changes in the design of containers and IT support systems have been signaled, and how the logistics industry reacts and should proceed in the era of the spread of the coronavirus in the event that many companies' strategies will be revised with new consumer behavior. Keywords: Intermodal transport; Intelligent containers; Information systems; Coronovirus CoVid
{"title":"Innovative solutions in container transport","authors":"Zielaskiewicz Henryk","doi":"10.35117/a_eng_20_06-07-08_01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_20_06-07-08_01","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a historical perspective on the development of transport technology, i.e. a container. It was indicated what solutions are currently used on terminals in order to shorten the service time of intermodal units and ensure an increase in the efficiency of handling operations. Intelligent containers are presented, which are equipped with numerous sensors, which include can follow the route of the container. The author outlined what activities are currently carried out by governmental and international organizations to ensure cargo safety during transport operations. The directions of changes in the design of containers and IT support systems have been signaled, and how the logistics industry reacts and should proceed in the era of the spread of the coronavirus in the event that many companies' strategies will be revised with new consumer behavior. Keywords: Intermodal transport; Intelligent containers; Information systems; Coronovirus CoVid","PeriodicalId":52762,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Komunikacyjny","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46120146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：