Pub Date : 2019-07-10DOI: 10.31996/MRU.2019.2.46-50
V. Hrinov, A. Khorolskyi, O. P. Kaliushchenko
The aim of this paper is to develop and validate methods of choosing the means of valuable mineral deposits. This paper describes a methodology for assessing deposits from both an economic and an environmental point of view. This article analyses existing methods of optimizing processes in mining. It is necessary to carry out not only economic but also environmental assessment. It was established that the effectiveness of the performance map of valuable mineral deposits is formed by a group of technological, ecological, operational, and environmental assessment which can be represented as a vector of solutions. To find the optimal solution, it was suggested to use network models and graphs. The essence of the technique is to represent the input and output (production level, prime cost) resource
{"title":"ELABORATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCENARIOS FOR THE EFFECTIVE DEVE LOPMENT OF VALUABLE MINERAL DEPOSITS","authors":"V. Hrinov, A. Khorolskyi, O. P. Kaliushchenko","doi":"10.31996/MRU.2019.2.46-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/MRU.2019.2.46-50","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to develop and validate methods of choosing the means of valuable mineral deposits. This paper describes a methodology for assessing deposits from both an economic and an environmental point of view. This article analyses existing methods of optimizing processes in mining. It is necessary to carry out not only economic but also environmental assessment. It was established that the effectiveness of the performance map of valuable mineral deposits is formed by a group of technological, ecological, operational, and environmental assessment which can be represented as a vector of solutions. To find the optimal solution, it was suggested to use network models and graphs. The essence of the technique is to represent the input and output (production level, prime cost) resource","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47845402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-10DOI: 10.31996/MRU.2019.2.40-45
G. Rudko, F. Issatayeva, V. Portnov
The new model of economic growth in Kazakhstan is focused on reducing production dependence on imports and increasing internal stability. The paper shows that the growth of investment attractiveness of the mining-and-smelting industry is largely caused by introducing in Kazakhstan the international system of reporting standards for mineral reserves CRIRSCO. Based on the geological and economic assessment of the Kusmuryn deposit, recommendations have been given for its improvement, approximation to the international standards.
{"title":"GEOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF ORE MINERAL DEPOSITS BASED ON UN FRAMEWORK CLASSIFICATION 2009","authors":"G. Rudko, F. Issatayeva, V. Portnov","doi":"10.31996/MRU.2019.2.40-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/MRU.2019.2.40-45","url":null,"abstract":"The new model of economic growth in Kazakhstan is focused on reducing production dependence on imports and increasing internal stability. The paper shows that the growth of investment attractiveness of the mining-and-smelting industry is largely caused by introducing in Kazakhstan the international system of reporting standards for mineral reserves CRIRSCO. Based on the geological and economic assessment of the Kusmuryn deposit, recommendations have been given for its improvement, approximation to the international standards.","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48247478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.31996/MRU.2019.1.18-20
G. G. Lyutyĭ, N. Lyuta, I. Sanina
The article considers the issue of streamlining of groundwater operational reserves in the State Balance of Minerals of Ukraine, taking into account their development. It was proposed to create within the State balance of mineral deposits of Ukraine a separate reserve of groundwater deposits that had not been developed for 10 years after they were approved. This reserve should also include groundwater reserves, which were tested by decisions of the Scientific and Technical Councils of industrial geological enterprises of the Ministry of Geology of the Ukrainian SSR and its successors, as well as those reserves, the use of which is not planned as a result of revaluations due to a decrease in water users’ needs. The proposed changes in the approaches to the removal from the inventory of groundwater reserves of deposits that have not been commissioned for a long time and their further use is impossible as a result of the construction of buildings jf the territory of deposits, their destruction or pollution of groundwater.
{"title":"ABOUT THE NECESSITY TO ORGANIZE THE UNDEVELOPED GROUND WATER DEPOSITS","authors":"G. G. Lyutyĭ, N. Lyuta, I. Sanina","doi":"10.31996/MRU.2019.1.18-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/MRU.2019.1.18-20","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the issue of streamlining of groundwater operational reserves in the State Balance of Minerals of Ukraine, taking into account their development. It was proposed to create within the State balance of mineral deposits of Ukraine a separate reserve of groundwater deposits that had not been developed for 10 years after they were approved. This reserve should also include groundwater reserves, which were tested by decisions of the Scientific and Technical Councils of industrial geological enterprises of the Ministry of Geology of the Ukrainian SSR and its successors, as well as those reserves, the use of which is not planned as a result of revaluations due to a decrease in water users’ needs. \u0000The proposed changes in the approaches to the removal from the inventory of groundwater reserves of deposits that have not been commissioned for a long time and their further use is impossible as a result of the construction of buildings jf the territory of deposits, their destruction or pollution of groundwater.","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69863534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.31996/MRU.2019.1.45-49
S. Goshovskyi, O. Zurian
The literature sources dealing with the history of gas hydrate studies and discovery of possible existence of gas hydrate deposits in natural conditions were analyzed. They contain facts proving that within 1966 and 1969 the conditions for formation of hydrates in porous medium were researched at the Department of Gas and Gas Condensate Deposits Development and Exploitation of Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas. The first experiments were set up by the Ukraine-born Yurij F. Makogon, Department Assistant Professor. The results proved possibility of formation and stable existence of gas hydrates in earth’s crust and became a scientific substantiation of natural gas hydrate deposits discovery. In 1969 the exploitation of Messoyakha deposits in Siberia started and it was the first time when the natural gas was derived directly from hydrates. The same year that invention was officially recognized and registered. Following the comprehensive international expert examination the State Committee on Inventions and Findings of the USSR Council of Ministers assumed that the citizens of the USSR Yurij F. Makogon, Andrej A. Trofimuk, Nikolaj V. Cherskij and Viktor G. Vasilev made a discovery described as follows: “Experiments proved previously unknown ability of natural gas to form deposits in the earth’s crust in solid gas hydrate state under definite thermodynamic conditions (Request dated March 19, 1969)”. The authors were presented with diplomas on March 4, 1971. From then onwards the issue of natural gas hydrates existence was widely researched all around the world. In 1985 Yurij F. Makogon became a Professor. Since 1973 he was a head of the gas hydrate laboratory in the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Natural Gases and Gas Technologies. Within 1974–1987 he was a head of the gas hydrate laboratory in Oil and Gas Research Institute RAS. In 1992 he was invited by one of the largest universities of the USA to arrange modern laboratory for gas hydrate study. The laboratory was created in the Texas University, USA and in 1995 Yurij Makogon became its head. As far as interest in gas hydrates increases Yurij F. Makogon reports at 27 international congresses and conferences, gives lectures in 45 world leading universities, functions as an academic adviser and participates in different international programs on research and exploitation of gas hydrate deposits in USA, Japan and India. The heritage of the scientist includes 27 patents, eight monographs (four of them were translated and published in the USA and Canada) and more than 270 scientific articles.
分析了有关天然气水合物研究历史和发现自然条件下可能存在的天然气水合物矿床的文献来源。它们包含的事实证明，在1966年和1969年期间，在古布金俄罗斯国立石油和天然气大学天然气和凝析气藏开发和开发部研究了多孔介质中水合物形成的条件。第一个实验是由乌克兰出生的Yurij F. Makogon，系助理教授建立的。研究结果证明了地壳中天然气水合物形成的可能性和稳定存在的可能性，为发现天然气水合物矿床提供了科学依据。1969年，西伯利亚的Messoyakha矿床开始开采，这是第一次直接从水合物中提取天然气。同年，这项发明被正式承认并注册。在全面的国际专家审查之后，苏联部长会议国家发明和发现委员会认为，苏联公民尤里·f·马科贡、安德烈·a·特罗菲穆克、尼古拉·v·切尔斯基和维克多·g·瓦西列夫有如下发现:“实验证明，在确定的热力学条件下，天然气在地壳中以固体天然气水合物的形式形成矿床的能力是以前未知的(请求日期为1969年3月19日)”。1971年3月4日，两位作者被授予毕业证书。从那时起，天然气水合物的存在问题在世界范围内得到了广泛的研究。1985年，Yurij F. Makogon成为教授。自1973年以来，他一直担任全俄天然气和天然气技术科学研究所天然气水合物实验室的负责人。1974年至1987年，他是石油和天然气研究所RAS天然气水合物实验室的负责人。1992年，他受美国最大的大学之一的邀请，安排现代实验室进行天然气水合物的研究。该实验室成立于美国德克萨斯大学，1995年Yurij Makogon成为其负责人。随着人们对天然气水合物的兴趣日益浓厚，Yurij F. Makogon参加了27个国际大会和会议，在45所世界一流大学演讲，担任学术顾问，并参加了美国，日本和印度的天然气水合物矿床研究和开发的不同国际项目。这位科学家的遗产包括27项专利，8部专著(其中4部在美国和加拿大翻译出版)和270多篇科学论文。
{"title":"GAS HYDRATES – HISTORY OF DISCOVERY","authors":"S. Goshovskyi, O. Zurian","doi":"10.31996/MRU.2019.1.45-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/MRU.2019.1.45-49","url":null,"abstract":"The literature sources dealing with the history of gas hydrate studies and discovery of possible existence of gas hydrate deposits in natural conditions were analyzed. They contain facts proving that within 1966 and 1969 the conditions for formation of hydrates in porous medium were researched at the Department of Gas and Gas Condensate Deposits Development and Exploitation of Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas. The first experiments were set up by the Ukraine-born Yurij F. Makogon, Department Assistant Professor. The results proved possibility of formation and stable existence of gas hydrates in earth’s crust and became a scientific substantiation of natural gas hydrate deposits discovery. In 1969 the exploitation of Messoyakha deposits in Siberia started and it was the first time when the natural gas was derived directly from hydrates. The same year that invention was officially recognized and registered. Following the comprehensive international expert examination the State Committee on Inventions and Findings of the USSR Council of Ministers assumed that the citizens of the USSR Yurij F. Makogon, Andrej A. Trofimuk, Nikolaj V. Cherskij and Viktor G. Vasilev made a discovery described as follows: “Experiments proved previously unknown ability of natural gas to form deposits in the earth’s crust in solid gas hydrate state under definite thermodynamic conditions (Request dated March 19, 1969)”. The authors were presented with diplomas on March 4, 1971. From then onwards the issue of natural gas hydrates existence was widely researched all around the world. In 1985 Yurij F. Makogon became a Professor. Since 1973 he was a head of the gas hydrate laboratory in the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Natural Gases and Gas Technologies. Within 1974–1987 he was a head of the gas hydrate laboratory in Oil and Gas Research Institute RAS. In 1992 he was invited by one of the largest universities of the USA to arrange modern laboratory for gas hydrate study. The laboratory was created in the Texas University, USA and in 1995 Yurij Makogon became its head. As far as interest in gas hydrates increases Yurij F. Makogon reports at 27 international congresses and conferences, gives lectures in 45 world leading universities, functions as an academic adviser and participates in different international programs on research and exploitation of gas hydrate deposits in USA, Japan and India. The heritage of the scientist includes 27 patents, eight monographs (four of them were translated and published in the USA and Canada) and more than 270 scientific articles.","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48120820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.31996/MRU.2019.1.38-44
Y. Yakovlev, V. Yermakov, O. Ulytskyi
Authors analyzed of ecological hydrogeological conditions of coal mine Yuncom underground nuclear blast chamber flooding and possible risk of the ground and surface water contamination.An analysis of the compatible graphs of semi-logarithmic dependences lg S0/St) of the time observation of the levels rise in the mines of the NTGS according to the analytical model that was developed on the example of flooding of the Stakhanov group of mines indicates their hydrodynamic analogy and the possibility of separation of three principal phases of the hydraulically-filtration process of the Donbas mines flooding:1 ) initial accelerated rise of the level is mainly connected with decrease in volume of the peripheral part of the depression due to reduced volume of mining operations and the prevailing movement of underground flow in its deep permeable part; time extension up to 3–4 months;2) predominance in the lithologic composition of coal-bearing rocks of the weakly permeable sandy-clay rocks (up to 70–80 % of total capacity) with increased sorption capacity increases the waterproofing capacity of the rock mass in conditions of further deformation and its full water saturation during flooding of the mine.3) For the zone of the “Klivazh” object influence is characterized by the limitation (in the current conditions of incomplete water saturation) migration of radioactive explosion products due to their predominant concentration in the difficult soluble formations of the explosive chamber and the influence of coal-bearing, weakly permeable rocks sorption.Main hazards of these processes are connected with stohastic parameters of mine water movement and dangerous toxic contaminants migration into fresh water aquifers (zone of active water exchange) and surface water objects.Modern system of ground water movement during regional coal mines flooding within Central Donbas has a complex hydraulic-filtration structure that is why this situation demands of the new calculative models elaboration.
{"title":"ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES ATOMIC EXPLOSION CHAMBER FLOODING OF MINE “YUNCOM” (CENTRAL DONBAS)","authors":"Y. Yakovlev, V. Yermakov, O. Ulytskyi","doi":"10.31996/MRU.2019.1.38-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/MRU.2019.1.38-44","url":null,"abstract":"Authors analyzed of ecological hydrogeological conditions of coal mine Yuncom underground nuclear blast chamber flooding and possible risk of the ground and surface water contamination.An analysis of the compatible graphs of semi-logarithmic dependences lg S0/St) of the time observation of the levels rise in the mines of the NTGS according to the analytical model that was developed on the example of flooding of the Stakhanov group of mines indicates their hydrodynamic analogy and the possibility of separation of three principal phases of the hydraulically-filtration process of the Donbas mines flooding:1 ) initial accelerated rise of the level is mainly connected with decrease in volume of the peripheral part of the depression due to reduced volume of mining operations and the prevailing movement of underground flow in its deep permeable part; time extension up to 3–4 months;2) predominance in the lithologic composition of coal-bearing rocks of the weakly permeable sandy-clay rocks (up to 70–80 % of total capacity) with increased sorption capacity increases the waterproofing capacity of the rock mass in conditions of further deformation and its full water saturation during flooding of the mine.3) For the zone of the “Klivazh” object influence is characterized by the limitation (in the current conditions of incomplete water saturation) migration of radioactive explosion products due to their predominant concentration in the difficult soluble formations of the explosive chamber and the influence of coal-bearing, weakly permeable rocks sorption.Main hazards of these processes are connected with stohastic parameters of mine water movement and dangerous toxic contaminants migration into fresh water aquifers (zone of active water exchange) and surface water objects.Modern system of ground water movement during regional coal mines flooding within Central Donbas has a complex hydraulic-filtration structure that is why this situation demands of the new calculative models elaboration.","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69863751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.31996/MRU.2019.1.21-25
A. Mienasova
The phosphorites are rather widely represented in platform carbonate and quartz-glauconite litho-tectonic complexes. They are also present in Kalyus Beds of Nagoryany Formation in Podolian Middle Dnister area.These beds are folded by homogeneous, dark-grey to black, thin-bedded mudstones. Characteristic feature of the beds is the occurrence of phosphorite concretions of different sizes. Dispersed phosphate mineralization (4–30 %) is also present in mudstones. Kalyus Beds have two levels enriched by remains of Vendotaenian algae. Lower level is located in the bottom surface and upper level is located near top surface. It is the most ancient and numerous imprints of algae in rocks of Upper Vendian. According to the general appearance of thalli, the nature of sporangia and the type of metabolism, they are referred to as brown algae, which were adopting a benthic lifestyle. And they include an assemblage of microphytofossils too. The black color, the presence of globular pyrite, the bitumen interlayers and the value of the protoxid module – 1,32–1,83 indicate the conditions for sedimentation recovery. Algal textures say that sedimentation occurred in the euphotic zone, that is, at the depth of light penetration. This is confirmed by the ecology of modern brown algae, which live from the low-water line to a depth of 20–30 m.In the Late Vendian, there was no terrestrial vegetation, therefore sloping substrates eroded much faster and the land was a vast plain almost at the level of the water’s edge. The coastline (in the modern sense) didn’t exist, it constantly migrated and this led to the fact that in the “coastal zone” formed numerous gulfs, overgrown with algae. The main source of phosphorus was the weathering crust of the subsilicic tuffogenic rocks with a high content of Р2О5. Then, phosphoric compounds fell into the sedimentation basin and assimilated by cyanobacteria and algae in the form of polyphosphoric acids. Cyanobacterial communities had multidirectional vectors of their life activity, so ones created various biochemical barriers. Acidic medium was for dissolving apatite and/or francolite, and then alkaline one, which was necessary for phosphorus precipitation. In addition, phosphorus could be precipitated as a result of seasonal fluctuations in temperature, which led to departure of the chemical equilibrium. Also algal films and microbiofilm could hold phosphorus-containing pelitic particles on their surfaces.Land vegetation cover absent, therefore the coastline constantly migrated so the primary structure of algal mats and biofilms were periodically disturbed. They were rolling, sticking, etc. took place. As a result, thrombolytics (nonlayered clot structures) were formed. Further lithification takes place under reducing conditions at the bottom and at the top of the sediment. If the concentration of phosphorus is high in sludge waters, phosphorite concretions can form from thrombolites then.
{"title":"MOST ANCIENT PODOLIA’S ALGAE AS TRIGGER FOR THE FORMATION OF PHOSPHORITES","authors":"A. Mienasova","doi":"10.31996/MRU.2019.1.21-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/MRU.2019.1.21-25","url":null,"abstract":"The phosphorites are rather widely represented in platform carbonate and quartz-glauconite litho-tectonic complexes. They are also present in Kalyus Beds of Nagoryany Formation in Podolian Middle Dnister area.These beds are folded by homogeneous, dark-grey to black, thin-bedded mudstones. Characteristic feature of the beds is the occurrence of phosphorite concretions of different sizes. Dispersed phosphate mineralization (4–30 %) is also present in mudstones. Kalyus Beds have two levels enriched by remains of Vendotaenian algae. Lower level is located in the bottom surface and upper level is located near top surface. It is the most ancient and numerous imprints of algae in rocks of Upper Vendian. According to the general appearance of thalli, the nature of sporangia and the type of metabolism, they are referred to as brown algae, which were adopting a benthic lifestyle. And they include an assemblage of microphytofossils too. The black color, the presence of globular pyrite, the bitumen interlayers and the value of the protoxid module – 1,32–1,83 indicate the conditions for sedimentation recovery. Algal textures say that sedimentation occurred in the euphotic zone, that is, at the depth of light penetration. This is confirmed by the ecology of modern brown algae, which live from the low-water line to a depth of 20–30 m.In the Late Vendian, there was no terrestrial vegetation, therefore sloping substrates eroded much faster and the land was a vast plain almost at the level of the water’s edge. The coastline (in the modern sense) didn’t exist, it constantly migrated and this led to the fact that in the “coastal zone” formed numerous gulfs, overgrown with algae. The main source of phosphorus was the weathering crust of the subsilicic tuffogenic rocks with a high content of Р2О5. Then, phosphoric compounds fell into the sedimentation basin and assimilated by cyanobacteria and algae in the form of polyphosphoric acids. Cyanobacterial communities had multidirectional vectors of their life activity, so ones created various biochemical barriers. Acidic medium was for dissolving apatite and/or francolite, and then alkaline one, which was necessary for phosphorus precipitation. In addition, phosphorus could be precipitated as a result of seasonal fluctuations in temperature, which led to departure of the chemical equilibrium. Also algal films and microbiofilm could hold phosphorus-containing pelitic particles on their surfaces.Land vegetation cover absent, therefore the coastline constantly migrated so the primary structure of algal mats and biofilms were periodically disturbed. They were rolling, sticking, etc. took place. As a result, thrombolytics (nonlayered clot structures) were formed. Further lithification takes place under reducing conditions at the bottom and at the top of the sediment. If the concentration of phosphorus is high in sludge waters, phosphorite concretions can form from thrombolites then.","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47737594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.31996/MRU.2019.1.26-30
O. Plotnikov, M. Kurylo, S. Kosharna
The problems of underground exhaustion processes on the example of iron ore deposits of Kryvbas are studied. As objects Kryvbas deposits of different geological and mining types were selected. The methodology for forecasting of the costs for post-liquidation development of licensed areas, which is based on the experience of European countries has been proposed. These ones are with the most evident signs of intensive development and exhaustion of mineral resources. Valiavkinske Banded Iron Formation deposit is characterized by extraction intensification and dangerous changes of geological environment. The Pivdennyi Quarry with reserves of previously lost rich ores has most of exhaustion phase signs with prolongation of extraction in complicated mining conditions. The ecological-geological and geological-economic indicators of intensive exploitation of mineral deposits are compared and formulas for environmental costs calculations on objects are given.
{"title":"DEPLETION EXTENT ESTIMATION OF IRON ORE DEPOSITS WITH THE AIM OF FORECASTING POST-LIQUIDATION WORKS","authors":"O. Plotnikov, M. Kurylo, S. Kosharna","doi":"10.31996/MRU.2019.1.26-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/MRU.2019.1.26-30","url":null,"abstract":"The problems of underground exhaustion processes on the example of iron ore deposits of Kryvbas are studied. As objects Kryvbas deposits of different geological and mining types were selected. The methodology for forecasting of the costs for post-liquidation development of licensed areas, which is based on the experience of European countries has been proposed. These ones are with the most evident signs of intensive development and exhaustion of mineral resources. Valiavkinske Banded Iron Formation deposit is characterized by extraction intensification and dangerous changes of geological environment. The Pivdennyi Quarry with reserves of previously lost rich ores has most of exhaustion phase signs with prolongation of extraction in complicated mining conditions. The ecological-geological and geological-economic indicators of intensive exploitation of mineral deposits are compared and formulas for environmental costs calculations on objects are given.","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69863605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-25DOI: 10.31996/MRU.2019.1.31-37
V. T. Kryvosheyev, V. Makogon, Y. Ivanova
Economic hardship in Ukraine during the years of independence led to a sharp reduction of exploration work on oil and gas, a drop in hydrocarbon production, a decrease in inventories and a sharp collapse of research work to ensure the growth of hydrocarbon reserves.The hydrocarbon potential of various sources of Ukrainian subsoil is quite powerful and can provide future energy independence of the country. Potential hydrocarbon resources in traditional traps of various types are exhausted by only 25 %. Ukraine has recently experienced so-called “shale gas boom”. The experience of extraction of shale gas in desert areas of the United States can not be repeated in densely populated Ukraine in the absence of such powerful shale strata, resource base, necessary infrastructure, own technologies and techniques and economic, environmental and social risks.Taking into account the fuel and energy problems of the state, we constantly throughout the years of independence oriented the oil and gas industry and the authorities on the active use of our own reserves and opportunities for accelerated opening of new oil and gas fields.The results of geological exploration work in the old oil and gas basins at the high level of their study indicate that deposits in non-structural traps dominate among open deposits.A complex of sequence-stratigraphical, lithology-facies and lithology-paleogeographical studies is being successfully used to forecast undeformational traps in well-studied oil and gas bearing basin of the Ukraine – the Dniprovsko-Donetsky basin. The authors predict wide development of stratigraphic, lithologic, tectonic and combined traps in terrigenous sediments of Tournaisian and Visean age, reef-carbonate massifs of the lower Tournaisian, lower and middle Visean age and others. They should become the basis for exploration of oil and gas fields for the near and medium term and open the second breath of the basin.
{"title":"THE MAIN RESERVE OF ACCELERATED EFFECTIVE OPENING OF OIL AND GAS FIELDS IN UKRAINE","authors":"V. T. Kryvosheyev, V. Makogon, Y. Ivanova","doi":"10.31996/MRU.2019.1.31-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/MRU.2019.1.31-37","url":null,"abstract":"Economic hardship in Ukraine during the years of independence led to a sharp reduction of exploration work on oil and gas, a drop in hydrocarbon production, a decrease in inventories and a sharp collapse of research work to ensure the growth of hydrocarbon reserves.The hydrocarbon potential of various sources of Ukrainian subsoil is quite powerful and can provide future energy independence of the country. Potential hydrocarbon resources in traditional traps of various types are exhausted by only 25 %. Ukraine has recently experienced so-called “shale gas boom”. The experience of extraction of shale gas in desert areas of the United States can not be repeated in densely populated Ukraine in the absence of such powerful shale strata, resource base, necessary infrastructure, own technologies and techniques and economic, environmental and social risks.Taking into account the fuel and energy problems of the state, we constantly throughout the years of independence oriented the oil and gas industry and the authorities on the active use of our own reserves and opportunities for accelerated opening of new oil and gas fields.The results of geological exploration work in the old oil and gas basins at the high level of their study indicate that deposits in non-structural traps dominate among open deposits.A complex of sequence-stratigraphical, lithology-facies and lithology-paleogeographical studies is being successfully used to forecast undeformational traps in well-studied oil and gas bearing basin of the Ukraine – the Dniprovsko-Donetsky basin. The authors predict wide development of stratigraphic, lithologic, tectonic and combined traps in terrigenous sediments of Tournaisian and Visean age, reef-carbonate massifs of the lower Tournaisian, lower and middle Visean age and others. They should become the basis for exploration of oil and gas fields for the near and medium term and open the second breath of the basin.","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69863680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-23DOI: 10.31996/MRU.2019.1.11-17
O. Lysenko, A. K. Bakarzhyiev
The state of the created uranium raw material base, which is the basis of nuclear energy of Ukraine, is characterized. The structure of reserves and resources of uranium ores of domestic objects is analyzed. The state balance accounts for 17 deposits, most of which are represented by low-yield albite-type ores. The level of industrial development of explored uranium-containing objects is considered. At present, the mining industry exploits 4 objects of uranium-sodium formations, which provide only a share of the state’s nuclear power needs. National plans and programs foresee an increase in annual extraction of uranium ores to 3520 thousand tons. Such pace of explored stocks will last for at least 50 years. To expand and strengthen the mineral-raw material base and to achieve the energy independence of the country, it is necessary to replenish it with rich highly profitable ores, the prerequisites of which detection are available within certain promising areas. Provided data on mineral resources and production of uranium in other countries. Ukraine’s place in the world’s balance is shown.
{"title":"STATE AND PERSPECTIVES MINERAL AND RAW MATERIALS BASE OF URANIUM ORE OF UKRAINE","authors":"O. Lysenko, A. K. Bakarzhyiev","doi":"10.31996/MRU.2019.1.11-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/MRU.2019.1.11-17","url":null,"abstract":"The state of the created uranium raw material base, which is the basis of nuclear energy of Ukraine, is characterized. The structure of reserves and resources of uranium ores of domestic objects is analyzed. The state balance accounts for 17 deposits, most of which are represented by low-yield albite-type ores. The level of industrial development of explored uranium-containing objects is considered. At present, the mining industry exploits 4 objects of uranium-sodium formations, which provide only a share of the state’s nuclear power needs. National plans and programs foresee an increase in annual extraction of uranium ores to 3520 thousand tons. Such pace of explored stocks will last for at least 50 years. To expand and strengthen the mineral-raw material base and to achieve the energy independence of the country, it is necessary to replenish it with rich highly profitable ores, the prerequisites of which detection are available within certain promising areas. Provided data on mineral resources and production of uranium in other countries. Ukraine’s place in the world’s balance is shown.","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69863964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-28DOI: 10.31996/mru.2018.4.26-31
S. Goshovskyi, O. Zurian
In the bowels of the Earth and in the oceans of the World Ocean, there are practically unlimited resources of natural gas in the solid hydrate state, available to most countries of the world community. The development of gas hydrate deposits is based on the process of dissociation (separation), in which the gas hydrates break down into gas and water. In these technologies, three methods for the development of gas hydrate deposits are proposed: pressure reduction, heating and inhibitor input. Based on the systematized data, the above methods are suggested to be attributed to traditional methods, as the most studied and classical ones. It is proposed to identify a number of methods that imply the same results, but use other physical approaches and designate them as unconventional. 1. Decomposition of methane hydrates by nanoparticles. In this method, the use of nanoparticles commensurate with the gas hydrate cell (supplied as part of a hydrodynamic jet) is proposed for efficient and safe destruction of the gas hydrate. The application of nanotechnology provides effective and consistent study of the entire surface of the aquatic deposit of gas hydrates, with the necessary rate of their destruction and the production of planned volumes of methane. 2. Decomposition of methane hydrates by microorganisms (bacteria). In this process, in the process of the life of the bacteria, a gas must be released, replacing in the clathrate structure a molecule of methane per molecule of the given gas. In addition, the process must be controlled by the use of external factors that provide nutrition to the bacteria and at the same time, light, chemicals, electromagnetic radiation, etc. can be stopped at any time, which is absent in the natural conditions of formation of the gas hydrate.
{"title":"METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES OF METHANE GAS EXTRACTION FROM AQUA GAS HYDRATE FORMATIONS","authors":"S. Goshovskyi, O. Zurian","doi":"10.31996/mru.2018.4.26-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31996/mru.2018.4.26-31","url":null,"abstract":"In the bowels of the Earth and in the oceans of the World Ocean, there are practically unlimited resources of natural gas in the solid hydrate state, available to most countries of the world community. The development of gas hydrate deposits is based on the process of dissociation (separation), in which the gas hydrates break down into gas and water. In these technologies, three methods for the development of gas hydrate deposits are proposed: pressure reduction, heating and inhibitor input. Based on the systematized data, the above methods are suggested to be attributed to traditional methods, as the most studied and classical ones. It is proposed to identify a number of methods that imply the same results, but use other physical approaches and designate them as unconventional. 1. Decomposition of methane hydrates by nanoparticles. In this method, the use of nanoparticles commensurate with the gas hydrate cell (supplied as part of a hydrodynamic jet) is proposed for efficient and safe destruction of the gas hydrate. The application of nanotechnology provides effective and consistent study of the entire surface of the aquatic deposit of gas hydrates, with the necessary rate of their destruction and the production of planned volumes of methane. 2. Decomposition of methane hydrates by microorganisms (bacteria). In this process, in the process of the life of the bacteria, a gas must be released, replacing in the clathrate structure a molecule of methane per molecule of the given gas. In addition, the process must be controlled by the use of external factors that provide nutrition to the bacteria and at the same time, light, chemicals, electromagnetic radiation, etc. can be stopped at any time, which is absent in the natural conditions of formation of the gas hydrate.","PeriodicalId":52937,"journal":{"name":"Mineral''ni resursi Ukraini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69863730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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