Pub Date : 2023-10-07DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231184998
Bhimasen Hantal
One of the main agendas of our freedom struggle was to have socio-economic freedom and equality for all irrespective of the caste, race, religion, sex or so on. Thus, ever since India got Independence and Constitution of India was enacted, the hopes and aspirations of the weaker sections increased manifold for socio-economic development, social freedom and social transformations. The Government of India too, inspired by the struggle for independence, attempted within its limited economic and other resources to ameliorate the destitute conditions of the downtrodden India, with various plans, schemes and programmes, apart from the socio-economic reservations. In this article, thus, an attempt is being made to examine the developmental process of India with references to the weaker sections such as Scheduled Tribes, Scheduled Castes and other backward classes. It is observed from various studies that despite some noble schemes and programmes, the plight of the weaker sections has not transformed into satisfactory levels mainly on account of the failure of implementation process. These issues are critically examined here in this small piece of article.
{"title":"Vested Interests and Implementational Issues of the Policy of Social Justice and Development in India: A Critical Review","authors":"Bhimasen Hantal","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231184998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231184998","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main agendas of our freedom struggle was to have socio-economic freedom and equality for all irrespective of the caste, race, religion, sex or so on. Thus, ever since India got Independence and Constitution of India was enacted, the hopes and aspirations of the weaker sections increased manifold for socio-economic development, social freedom and social transformations. The Government of India too, inspired by the struggle for independence, attempted within its limited economic and other resources to ameliorate the destitute conditions of the downtrodden India, with various plans, schemes and programmes, apart from the socio-economic reservations. In this article, thus, an attempt is being made to examine the developmental process of India with references to the weaker sections such as Scheduled Tribes, Scheduled Castes and other backward classes. It is observed from various studies that despite some noble schemes and programmes, the plight of the weaker sections has not transformed into satisfactory levels mainly on account of the failure of implementation process. These issues are critically examined here in this small piece of article.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135252420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the association between a couple’s characteristics and women’s reproductive behaviour in India. Generally, the study on the population deals with only women considering women samples for evaluating fertility in India. The current research includes men and women to examine the effect of the differences in their caste, age and educational level on fertility behaviour in India. For this purpose, data from the National Family Health Survey-4 has been used carried out during 2015–2016. Differences in couple’s characteristics were tabulated with the children ever born to see the distribution by the caste, age and educational level differences in India. In order to obtain more accurate results, linear regression was applied to see the variation in children ever born to the couple’s characteristics and different background characteristics. We find that caste, age and education differences among couples significantly impact fertility; as these differences increase, children ever born among couples also increase. The study proposes that satisfactory educational levels have lessened the role of caste and age on fertility in India.
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Couple’s Caste, Age, Educational Level on Fertility in India: Evidence from National Family Health Survey","authors":"Mukesh Kumar, Moslem Hossain, Tushar Dakua, Kailash Chandra Das, Kumudini Das","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231178893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231178893","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the association between a couple’s characteristics and women’s reproductive behaviour in India. Generally, the study on the population deals with only women considering women samples for evaluating fertility in India. The current research includes men and women to examine the effect of the differences in their caste, age and educational level on fertility behaviour in India. For this purpose, data from the National Family Health Survey-4 has been used carried out during 2015–2016. Differences in couple’s characteristics were tabulated with the children ever born to see the distribution by the caste, age and educational level differences in India. In order to obtain more accurate results, linear regression was applied to see the variation in children ever born to the couple’s characteristics and different background characteristics. We find that caste, age and education differences among couples significantly impact fertility; as these differences increase, children ever born among couples also increase. The study proposes that satisfactory educational levels have lessened the role of caste and age on fertility in India.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231198704
None Mohankumar S, None Srija V
In recent days, Tamil cinema has reached a wide range in marketing and popularity across the globe, gaining attention around the world through its style and techniques. Critics and researchers highlight and celebrate the recent changes in Tamil cinema as the ‘New Wave’. It readies to change gears in the aspects of theme, narration and choice of portraying the characters. Tamil cinema became a medium to express the voice of suppressed people. Directors pinpoint issues such as identity crisis, domestic violence and political ideologies. The issues and problems of subaltern people were totally neglected in Tamil cinema, but now they reflect reality. Witness is one of the movies on that list that discusses the pain of manual scavengers. The movie is not an emotional drama; rather, it questions society from different perspectives. It depicts the lives, sufferings and struggles of manual scavengers. The film not only raises questions but also serves as an answer to tangible questions. This paper discusses and highlights the literary works that mainly torched out the problems of manual scavengers in the present and past.
{"title":"Marginalized Life of Manual Scavengers: Questions of Witness Towards Society","authors":"None Mohankumar S, None Srija V","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231198704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231198704","url":null,"abstract":"In recent days, Tamil cinema has reached a wide range in marketing and popularity across the globe, gaining attention around the world through its style and techniques. Critics and researchers highlight and celebrate the recent changes in Tamil cinema as the ‘New Wave’. It readies to change gears in the aspects of theme, narration and choice of portraying the characters. Tamil cinema became a medium to express the voice of suppressed people. Directors pinpoint issues such as identity crisis, domestic violence and political ideologies. The issues and problems of subaltern people were totally neglected in Tamil cinema, but now they reflect reality. Witness is one of the movies on that list that discusses the pain of manual scavengers. The movie is not an emotional drama; rather, it questions society from different perspectives. It depicts the lives, sufferings and struggles of manual scavengers. The film not only raises questions but also serves as an answer to tangible questions. This paper discusses and highlights the literary works that mainly torched out the problems of manual scavengers in the present and past.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136341745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231198707
Parikshit Thakur
In the night of colonial Calcutta, soils were collected by the methars. As per Act VI of 1863 regulations, restrictions were imposed on methars. Thus, suitable depots were made and leased to the tollah methars. Since the 1870s, the disposing of the night soils in the river was stopped, and the duty of tollah methars was shifted to the municipality. Chandals was by profession an excluded social category. Even in prison chandals had to clear the night soils of the others. In protest of that prisoners specially methars declared a strike in the prison for months and hence formed a unique bonding that Putnam called ‘social capital’. This article discusses how methars of late colonial Calcutta while upholding the oppression gradually developed ‘social capital’ and started negotiating to establish their justified claims using party politics.
{"title":"The Metropolis and the Methars: The Struggle for Wage of Manual Scavengers in Colonial Calcutta","authors":"Parikshit Thakur","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231198707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231198707","url":null,"abstract":"In the night of colonial Calcutta, soils were collected by the methars. As per Act VI of 1863 regulations, restrictions were imposed on methars. Thus, suitable depots were made and leased to the tollah methars. Since the 1870s, the disposing of the night soils in the river was stopped, and the duty of tollah methars was shifted to the municipality. Chandals was by profession an excluded social category. Even in prison chandals had to clear the night soils of the others. In protest of that prisoners specially methars declared a strike in the prison for months and hence formed a unique bonding that Putnam called ‘social capital’. This article discusses how methars of late colonial Calcutta while upholding the oppression gradually developed ‘social capital’ and started negotiating to establish their justified claims using party politics.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231178141
Shailendra Kumar
The large and prosperous Indian diaspora in the USA has earned the epitaph of ‘model minority’, but it obscures the spectre of caste discrimination within. The caste has travelled with the Indians across the globe and keeps rearing its ugly head of discrimination within the community. The article explores the emergence of the Indian diaspora and presence of caste discrimination in the USA. The recent case of caste discrimination against Cisco (MNC) and its Indian employees in California has opened the Pandora box. Since caste is not recognized under any American law, the case has been filed under Civil Rights Act, 1965, which forbids discrimination on the basis of religion, ancestry, national origin/ethnicity and race/colour. Hence, Cisco case is the first opportunity in the United States for caste to be incorporated as a protected legal category at par with race, religion ethnicity and so on. Moreover, it situates the case within larger global Dalit rights movements, their efforts to incorporate caste within the ambit of racism at various international forums and its inclusion as a protected characteristics within the Equality Act, 2010, of the United Kingdom. These efforts are to challenge the caste hegemony at both local and global levels and strive for its eradication.
{"title":"Caste Discrimination Among Indian Diaspora in the USA","authors":"Shailendra Kumar","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231178141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231178141","url":null,"abstract":"The large and prosperous Indian diaspora in the USA has earned the epitaph of ‘model minority’, but it obscures the spectre of caste discrimination within. The caste has travelled with the Indians across the globe and keeps rearing its ugly head of discrimination within the community. The article explores the emergence of the Indian diaspora and presence of caste discrimination in the USA. The recent case of caste discrimination against Cisco (MNC) and its Indian employees in California has opened the Pandora box. Since caste is not recognized under any American law, the case has been filed under Civil Rights Act, 1965, which forbids discrimination on the basis of religion, ancestry, national origin/ethnicity and race/colour. Hence, Cisco case is the first opportunity in the United States for caste to be incorporated as a protected legal category at par with race, religion ethnicity and so on. Moreover, it situates the case within larger global Dalit rights movements, their efforts to incorporate caste within the ambit of racism at various international forums and its inclusion as a protected characteristics within the Equality Act, 2010, of the United Kingdom. These efforts are to challenge the caste hegemony at both local and global levels and strive for its eradication.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135425381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231181196
H. S. Mangat, Shaik Iftikhar Ahmed, Lakhvir Singh Gill
Caste-based social stratification is strong in India. Scheduled Castes (SCs) are weaker section of the society facing multiple inequities and discrimination in India. The state of Haryana has enacted Panchayati Raj (Amendment) Act, 2015, by which educational qualifications have been made mandatory to fight Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) elections since 2016. Based on secondary data collected from the Haryana Panchayati Raj Institutions Election Reports for the year 2010 and 2016, the study reveals that the share of elected SC PRIs increased from 22.94% in 2010 to 25.39% in 2016, after the introduction of educational qualifications for the PRIs election. Empowerment has been gauged on account of extra seats SCs have won than the seats reserved. SC PRIs empowerment composite score increased from 71.07 in 2010 to 116.55 in 2016. Mewat district had low educational level among rural SCs recorded highest PRIs empowerment index. The study highlights that the SCs, particularly of Panchkula, Kaithal, Sonipat and Jind districts require some motivational support to encourage their participation in PRIs elections.
{"title":"Empowerment of Scheduled Castes in India: An Impact Assessment Study of Haryana Panchayati Raj (Amendment) Act, 2015","authors":"H. S. Mangat, Shaik Iftikhar Ahmed, Lakhvir Singh Gill","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231181196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231181196","url":null,"abstract":"Caste-based social stratification is strong in India. Scheduled Castes (SCs) are weaker section of the society facing multiple inequities and discrimination in India. The state of Haryana has enacted Panchayati Raj (Amendment) Act, 2015, by which educational qualifications have been made mandatory to fight Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) elections since 2016. Based on secondary data collected from the Haryana Panchayati Raj Institutions Election Reports for the year 2010 and 2016, the study reveals that the share of elected SC PRIs increased from 22.94% in 2010 to 25.39% in 2016, after the introduction of educational qualifications for the PRIs election. Empowerment has been gauged on account of extra seats SCs have won than the seats reserved. SC PRIs empowerment composite score increased from 71.07 in 2010 to 116.55 in 2016. Mewat district had low educational level among rural SCs recorded highest PRIs empowerment index. The study highlights that the SCs, particularly of Panchkula, Kaithal, Sonipat and Jind districts require some motivational support to encourage their participation in PRIs elections.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231198709
None Morve Roshan K., Nashrin A. Kadri
In Jasmine, the conceptual understanding of Bharati Mukherjee’s protagonist Jyoti is often caught between two worlds and cultures. This is the story of a simple Indian village girl Jyoti’s journey from India to America. During her journey, her transformation and feminist role are significant to understand the cultural changes in her life. This article analyses Mukherjee’s Jasmine with the diasporic postcolonial theoretical framework. This article explores Jyoti’s struggles, assimilation and accommodation in the Third Space with scholars like Bhabha, Lin and Schwartz et al. The postcolonial concepts like a Third Space, identity transformation and acculturation process create a space to explore Jasmine’s journey. To conclude, her efforts to assimilate and identity construction attracts us to explore diasporic space in women’s life. This research finds a potential scope to explore the cross-cultural psychology of the female character in the novel to (re)present the diasporic journey from India to America. This research finds that Jasmine’s role as a diasporic figure creates a Third Space and acculturation.
{"title":"‘No Home’ and ‘No Host’ but a ‘Third Space’ for Jasmine","authors":"None Morve Roshan K., Nashrin A. Kadri","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231198709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231198709","url":null,"abstract":"In Jasmine, the conceptual understanding of Bharati Mukherjee’s protagonist Jyoti is often caught between two worlds and cultures. This is the story of a simple Indian village girl Jyoti’s journey from India to America. During her journey, her transformation and feminist role are significant to understand the cultural changes in her life. This article analyses Mukherjee’s Jasmine with the diasporic postcolonial theoretical framework. This article explores Jyoti’s struggles, assimilation and accommodation in the Third Space with scholars like Bhabha, Lin and Schwartz et al. The postcolonial concepts like a Third Space, identity transformation and acculturation process create a space to explore Jasmine’s journey. To conclude, her efforts to assimilate and identity construction attracts us to explore diasporic space in women’s life. This research finds a potential scope to explore the cross-cultural psychology of the female character in the novel to (re)present the diasporic journey from India to America. This research finds that Jasmine’s role as a diasporic figure creates a Third Space and acculturation.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135535481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231186263
Christina Romeo, Anupama Nayar
Kerala’s social sphere is well-stocked with the elements of modernity like literacy, democracy, equality and fraternity, which makes it difficult to identify and classify casteism and its effects. The projected image of modernity makes Kerala’s public sphere more accessible and permissible to minority groups when compared to other states. The state’s emergence after independence manifests through its learning and employment institutions. These motifs of development camouflage the existing casteism present in the state, thus making it invisible. Here, Dalit literature becomes pivotal as it becomes a storehouse of implicit caste references and stereotyping, which the statistics often fail to see. The article puts into perspective two Dalit short stories, ‘Mea Culpa’ and ‘Karthik Immanuel’s Spiritual Musings’ written by Raju K. Vasu and Prince Aymenem, respectively. They represent a public sphere where no explicit casteism occurs, whereas its repercussions are nevertheless felt. The stories showcase how micro-level manifestations of casteism occur, which are neither identified nor quantified. Taking the concept of microaggression proposed by Psychologist Derald Wing Sue, the research attempts to do a narrative analysis of the primary texts, delving deep into the invisible but pervading casteism.
喀拉拉邦的社会领域充满了现代元素，如识字、民主、平等和博爱，这使得很难识别和分类种姓制度及其影响。与其他邦相比，现代性的投射形象使喀拉拉邦的公共领域对少数群体更容易接近和允许。独立后国家的出现主要表现在国家的学习和就业机构。这些发展的主题掩盖了这个国家现存的种姓制度，从而使它变得不可见。在这里，达利特文学变得至关重要，因为它成为了一个隐含种姓参考和刻板印象的仓库，而统计数据往往看不到这一点。这篇文章分析了两篇达利特人的短篇小说《我的过失》和《Karthik Immanuel的精神沉思》，分别由Raju K. Vasu和Prince Aymenem撰写。他们代表了一个公共领域，在那里没有明显的种姓制度发生，然而它的影响仍然是可以感受到的。这些故事展示了种姓制度的微观表现是如何发生的，这些表现既没有被识别出来，也没有被量化。本研究采用心理学家Derald Wing Sue提出的“微攻击”概念，试图对原始文本进行叙事分析，深入探究无形但普遍存在的种姓制度。
{"title":"Micro-level Manifestations of Casteism in Select Malayalam Dalit Short Stories","authors":"Christina Romeo, Anupama Nayar","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231186263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231186263","url":null,"abstract":"Kerala’s social sphere is well-stocked with the elements of modernity like literacy, democracy, equality and fraternity, which makes it difficult to identify and classify casteism and its effects. The projected image of modernity makes Kerala’s public sphere more accessible and permissible to minority groups when compared to other states. The state’s emergence after independence manifests through its learning and employment institutions. These motifs of development camouflage the existing casteism present in the state, thus making it invisible. Here, Dalit literature becomes pivotal as it becomes a storehouse of implicit caste references and stereotyping, which the statistics often fail to see. The article puts into perspective two Dalit short stories, ‘Mea Culpa’ and ‘Karthik Immanuel’s Spiritual Musings’ written by Raju K. Vasu and Prince Aymenem, respectively. They represent a public sphere where no explicit casteism occurs, whereas its repercussions are nevertheless felt. The stories showcase how micro-level manifestations of casteism occur, which are neither identified nor quantified. Taking the concept of microaggression proposed by Psychologist Derald Wing Sue, the research attempts to do a narrative analysis of the primary texts, delving deep into the invisible but pervading casteism.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135535507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-23DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231179370
Pavel Hons
Dalits have gradually developed different emancipation strategies during their struggle. While all of them fight against untouchability and discrimination, their positions on other issues may differ. Most of them espouse the ideas of Dr Ambedkar, for whom the prime objective was the eradication of caste. He openly rejected Hinduism and converted to Buddhism. Millions of Dalits followed his example, and many venerate him as a supreme leader to this day. Devendrakula Velalars are an exception to the rule. They reject Dalit ideology. Instead, they prefer to strengthen their caste identity and move up the social ladder. They try to prove that the three Tamil dynasties, that is, Pandyas, Cholas and Cheras, originated from among them. It was only after the ascendency of the Nayak kings that their proud name Mallar was changed into the derogatory Pallar and they were deprived of their land and turned into untouchables. Now they are trying to get themselves removed from the Scheduled Castes list and thus rid themselves of its stigmatizing influence. The aim of this article is to follow the intellectual journey of the main ideologues of this caste and to match their arguments with recent steps taken towards their political representation.
{"title":"From Mallar to Pallar and Back: The Ideology of Devendrakula Velalars","authors":"Pavel Hons","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231179370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231179370","url":null,"abstract":"Dalits have gradually developed different emancipation strategies during their struggle. While all of them fight against untouchability and discrimination, their positions on other issues may differ. Most of them espouse the ideas of Dr Ambedkar, for whom the prime objective was the eradication of caste. He openly rejected Hinduism and converted to Buddhism. Millions of Dalits followed his example, and many venerate him as a supreme leader to this day. Devendrakula Velalars are an exception to the rule. They reject Dalit ideology. Instead, they prefer to strengthen their caste identity and move up the social ladder. They try to prove that the three Tamil dynasties, that is, Pandyas, Cholas and Cheras, originated from among them. It was only after the ascendency of the Nayak kings that their proud name Mallar was changed into the derogatory Pallar and they were deprived of their land and turned into untouchables. Now they are trying to get themselves removed from the Scheduled Castes list and thus rid themselves of its stigmatizing influence. The aim of this article is to follow the intellectual journey of the main ideologues of this caste and to match their arguments with recent steps taken towards their political representation.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135959725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231185253
Baijayanti Rout
Natural forests play a key role in maintaining the planet’s ecosystems and are also crucial to rural livelihoods, particularly in less developed nations. Indigenous groups still need access to contemporary conveniences and possibilities for employment in remote parts of less developed nations. As a result, the use of forests significantly contributes to household subsistence and income. The economic impact of forest resources on the millions of rural households close to forests has recently been the research focus. This study aims to quantify the distributional influence of forest revenue on economic inequality among rural families in the Gandhamardan Hill area of the Balangir and Bargarh districts of Odisha. It also sought to ascertain absolute and relative forest income. The primary data or information were gathered by utilizing focus groups, direct interviews, structured household-level surveys, and key informant interviews. The results showed that 61.9% of the households in the sample engaged in activities related to the forest. Most of the local population participates in agriculture and forestry as the main source of livelihood. After agriculture revenue, forest income represented the second-most significant income portfolio. The income share for bushmeat was larger than the income share for other forest products. The economic disparity among the studied families was reduced by forest income. Therefore, restricting forest access would negatively affect rural people’s welfare and widen economic gaps. The knowledge from the current study is crucial for creating sustainable forest management policies and strategies that will preserve and increase the economic value of using forests without jeopardizing biodiversity preservation.
{"title":"Local Economy and Forest-based Livelihood in Gandhamardan Region of Western Odisha","authors":"Baijayanti Rout","doi":"10.1177/2455328x231185253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2455328x231185253","url":null,"abstract":"Natural forests play a key role in maintaining the planet’s ecosystems and are also crucial to rural livelihoods, particularly in less developed nations. Indigenous groups still need access to contemporary conveniences and possibilities for employment in remote parts of less developed nations. As a result, the use of forests significantly contributes to household subsistence and income. The economic impact of forest resources on the millions of rural households close to forests has recently been the research focus. This study aims to quantify the distributional influence of forest revenue on economic inequality among rural families in the Gandhamardan Hill area of the Balangir and Bargarh districts of Odisha. It also sought to ascertain absolute and relative forest income. The primary data or information were gathered by utilizing focus groups, direct interviews, structured household-level surveys, and key informant interviews. The results showed that 61.9% of the households in the sample engaged in activities related to the forest. Most of the local population participates in agriculture and forestry as the main source of livelihood. After agriculture revenue, forest income represented the second-most significant income portfolio. The income share for bushmeat was larger than the income share for other forest products. The economic disparity among the studied families was reduced by forest income. Therefore, restricting forest access would negatively affect rural people’s welfare and widen economic gaps. The knowledge from the current study is crucial for creating sustainable forest management policies and strategies that will preserve and increase the economic value of using forests without jeopardizing biodiversity preservation.","PeriodicalId":53196,"journal":{"name":"Contemporary Voice of Dalit","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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