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Satzklammer in der Deutschen Fach- Und Wissenschaftssprache "句号"可是在德语专业科学用语里的
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/COACTIVITY.2010.09
Vita Banionytė
Der Grund zum Besprechen dieses Themas ist die Tatsache, dass die Satzklammer eine typische Erscheinung der deutschen Sprache ist. Die Klammerkonstrungen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die vielseitige Analyse der deutschen Klammerkonstruktiouktionen sind auch ein wichtiges typologisches Charakteristikum des Deutschen. Im Litauischen ist dagegen die Wortfolge ganz frei. Wegen der unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften der Wortfolge im Deutschen und im Litauischen entstehen fur die Lerner Schwierigkeiten im Prozess des Verstehens und des Produzierens der fremdsprachigen Ausernen durchgefuhrt. Am Anfang werden die historischen Aspekte dieses syntaktischen Phanomens besprochen. Weiterhin wird ausfuhrlich die Satzklammrer charakterisiert. Der Hauptziel der Arbeit ist es, die Schwierigkeiten zu zeigen, auf die die Lerner stosen, und die Vorschlage darzulegen, mit derer Hilfe die festgestellten Schwierigkeiten uberwunden werden konnen. Schlusselworter: Satzklammer, typologisches Charakteristikum, Verbalklammer, Lexikalklammer, Ausklammerung. Vita Banionytė. Sentence Framework in the Professional and Scientific German Language // Coactivity. Vilnius: Technika, 2010, Vol. 18, No. 2 , p. 5-15. Abstract . The article analyses sentence framework in the Professional and scientific German language. This topic is chosen to be analysed because of difficulties the students confront while translating speciality texts and learning to communicate in a foreign language. The essence of these difficulties is a different word order in the German and Lithuanian languages. The historical aspects of this syntactic phenomenon are discussed at the beginning of this article. Sentence framework is one of typological features of the German language. Later the characteristic of sentence framework is defined. The aim of this article is to consider difficulties confronting the learners of a foreign language and to provide the ways how to avoid them, e.g. 1) to choose a different predicate, 2) to make the middle of the sentence more understandable, transforming it into a different syntactic construction, 3) to take out certain parts of the sentence beyond the sentence framework. The conclusion is drawn that this taking out beyond the sentence framework is particularly characteristic for the professional and scientific German language. The main reasons for taking out certain parts of the sentence beyond the sentence framework are: 1) those parts are taken out which were forgotten while planning a sentence, 2) important parts of the sentence are taken out because of stylistic reasons, 3) taking out certain parts of the sentence is used in order to create denominative blocks. At the end of the article recommendations are provided how to start and how to finish the translation of the German sentence with the framework construction into the Lithuanian language.
在这个问题上值得讨论的原因是,标点回音器是德语典型的产物。这些Klammerkonstrungen .本文中对德国括号中的轮廓分析以及德国人的一个重要的拍照框架。立陶宛的意思是完全免费的。由于德国人语言语法的不同,和立陶宛人在理解和发展外语的过程中遇到了困难。一开始我们要回顾一下这个语法幽灵的历史杰佛瑞教授这项工作的主要目的是强调学习者遇到的困难并且提出建议,以便克服已造成的困难。关键字:句号希伯来语文法句号念词维塔Banionytė."专业和科学德语框架"。混合版《2010年技术》第18卷《不2》p…Abstract .化学和科学德语。这都是可以分析的因为学生对学生的差别很大《模糊不清的书》需要在德语和利刃法语中遭遇不同的性格。这是本不合惯例的历史邻居统一的德语特性。据说是"心灵感应框架"The年前of this article is to consider difficulties战胜对外language and The learners of a to provide The ways to avoid如何他们甜美e.g . 1)自由选择另一种predicate, 2)让sentence更多understandable道》中,《transforming it》另一种syntactic certain to take out(20万),《sentence付The sentence框架.一致的进程是先开始理解这一框架是为了专业和科学德国。《美茵河reasons for certain女声部分结构的out of The sentence付The sentence框架是:1)保全女声部分的taken out还在forgotten同时。规划》2)important a sentence),《sentence在营地taken out of stylistic reasons certain女声部分,3)把out of The sentence is以前常在create . denominative街区进程的最后部分。
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引用次数: 0
French Professional Car Language 法语专业汽车语言
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/coactivity.2010.15
Veslav Kuranovič
In this scientific article is presented french professional car language, also it is analysed a problem of teaching professional language at the technical university. It is presented lot of methods which help student to acquire language skills and also it is presented importance of dialog between student and teacher. Psychology and pedagogy are 2 sciences strong related in teacher’s work.
本文介绍了法语专业汽车语言,并分析了工科大学专业语言教学中存在的问题。它提出了许多帮助学生获得语言技能的方法,也提出了学生和老师之间对话的重要性。心理学和教育学是与教师工作密切相关的两门科学。
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引用次数: 0
Creative Industries: Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Undergraduate Programme Studies Quality Survey 创意产业:维尔纽斯格迪米纳斯技术大学本科课程研究质量调查
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/COACTIVITY.2010.16
Rasa Levickaitė
Vilnius Gediminas Technical University undergraduate degree programme of Creative Industries, which was ranked among the top 10 most popular degree programmes of year 2009, as a reaction to the problems of studies’ quality mentioned by creators of the programme, professors and students, have initiated the survey to determine the quality of the degree programme and its professors. The quality of studies is one of the most important problems in Lithuanian and other European Union schools. The main goals of already ten years going on Bolognese Process are to develop European high education space, to train specialists of high qualification for European labor market, to increase the high education systems’ transparency and flexibility. In the survey, analyzed in this article, the first and second year undergraduates were interviewed. The goal of the survey is to investigate the problem areas of the programme and teaching qualities. The goal of this article is to analyze the problematical areas of the programme, what could encourage new ideas how to improve one of the most popular undergraduate degree programmes in Lithuania.
维尔纽斯Gediminas技术大学创意产业本科学位课程被评为2009年十大最受欢迎的学位课程之一,作为对课程创造者,教授和学生提到的学习质量问题的反应,已经发起了调查,以确定学位课程及其教授的质量。学习质量是立陶宛和其他欧洲联盟学校最重要的问题之一。博洛尼亚进程十年来的主要目标是发展欧洲高等教育空间,为欧洲劳动力市场培养高素质的专家,增加高等教育系统的透明度和灵活性。在本文分析的调查中,对一年级和二年级的本科生进行了访谈。调查的目的是调查该计划的问题领域和教学质量。本文的目的是分析该方案的问题领域,什么可以鼓励新的想法,如何改善立陶宛最受欢迎的本科学位课程之一。
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引用次数: 1
Obscene Lexis in Student‘S Language: The Use and Evaluation of Swear-Words 学生语言中的淫秽词汇:脏话的使用与评价
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/COACTIVITY.2010.21
Regina Žukienė
It is underlined in the political guidelines on the policy of language approved by the Government of the Lithuanian Republic that language reflects culture and outlook of society. Moreover, language is thereby considered to be a concurrent part of spiritual culture of nation and assures its survival and identity. The overall culture of high school is influenced by various lingual communication of teachers and students, settled culture of public dialogue, etiquette of speech and by the peculiarities of speech in academic community (jargon, lexis of certain social professional groups etc.). The durability and quality of speech may lie with academic youth. Therefore the humanitarian culture understood in terms of spiritual self-expression plays an important role in the background and moral maturity of future professionals of technical sciences. In the article the usage and evaluation of swear-words by the students of technical universities is analysed by means of sociolinguistic method. The variation of obscene lexis over a period of ten years is presented. Ques-tionnaires were used to estimate the differences of attitude towards swear-words. The students claim that the use of obscene lexis in public space affects the communication culture of society members. Therefore it may be concluded that the evaluation of swear-words depends not only on the views and psichological factors of a speaker but also on the attitude of society.
立陶宛共和国政府核可的关于语言政策的政治准则强调,语言反映了文化和社会观。此外,语言被认为是民族精神文化的一部分,并确保其生存和身份。高中的整体文化受到教师和学生的各种语言交流、公共对话的固定文化、言语礼仪以及学术团体的言语特点(行话、某些社会专业群体的词汇等)的影响。演讲的持久性和质量可能取决于学术青年。因此,从精神自我表达的角度理解的人文主义文化对未来技术科学专业人员的背景和道德成熟度起着重要作用。本文运用社会语言学的方法分析了高职学生对脏话的使用和评价。介绍了近十年来淫秽词汇的变化情况。采用问卷调查的方法来评估对脏话的态度差异。学生们认为在公共空间使用淫秽词汇影响了社会成员的交流文化。因此,可以得出结论,对脏话的评价不仅取决于说话者的观点和心理因素,还取决于社会的态度。
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引用次数: 0
Lexical and Syntactical Structures of Scientific Text in French 法语科技语篇的词汇和句法结构
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/COACTIVITY.2010.13
Rūta Elžbieta Katalynaitė
Lexical and syntactical structures of French scientific text, presenting difficulties to learners and causing misunderstanding, which are associated with the relations of lexical units and syntactical structures in the text, are considered. It is found lexical units, e.g. terms, literary language, function words, acquire their meaning due to syntactic structures. One of the text elements ensuring the cohesion of the text is que, a conjunction, adverb and pronoun. The emphasis is placed on the variety of meanings of this lexical element.
法语科技语篇的词汇和句法结构与语篇中词汇单位和句法结构的关系有关,这给学习者带来了困难和误解。词汇单位,如术语、文学语言、虚词等,其意义是由句法结构决定的。que、连词、副词和代词是保证语篇衔接的语篇要素之一。重点放在这个词汇元素的各种意义上。
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引用次数: 0
The Communicative Competence of the Language Teacher 语言教师的交际能力
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/COACTIVITY.2010.17
R. Petkutė
The communicative approach to language teaching reflects social tendencies of the period. The open and liberal ideas of the 20th and 21st century have challenged standard models of language teaching and changed the understanding of the teacher’s competences. The article hypothesizes a strong correlation between the language teacher’s expertise in communication and quality of the communicative language teaching. In order to better account for the communicative approach, it is said that the language teacher needs to enrich the communicative competence. The article also raises the question of the relevance of the communicative competence of the language teacher, as well as discusses the insufficient treatment of the issue in comtemporary Lithuanian academic environment.
交际教学法反映了当时的社会趋势。20世纪和21世纪开放和自由的思想挑战了语言教学的标准模式,改变了对教师能力的理解。本文假设语言教师在交际方面的专业知识与交际性语言教学的质量之间存在着很强的相关性。为了更好地解释交际法,据说语言教师需要丰富交际能力。文章还提出了语言教师交际能力的相关性问题,并讨论了当代立陶宛学术环境对这一问题的处理不足。
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引用次数: 4
Role of Native Language in Learning English 母语在英语学习中的作用
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/COACTIVITY.2010.12
G. Kavaliauskienė, Viktorija Mažeikienė, Giedrė Valūnaitė-Oleškevičienė
A revival of interest in using a native language in the English classroom is caused by learners’ needs of improving language accuracy and clarity. This paper aims at examining perceptions of the use of mother tongue and translation in various linguistic situations. The activities that help raise learners’ awareness of language use are described. The findings demonstrate that all learners need support of mother tongue in English classes, but the amount of the native language needed depends on students’ proficiency. The statistical significance of the research results was calculated by employing the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software.
在英语课堂中使用母语的兴趣的复兴是由于学习者需要提高语言的准确性和清晰度。本文旨在探讨在不同的语言情境下母语使用和翻译的认知。描述了有助于提高学习者语言使用意识的活动。研究结果表明,在英语课堂上,所有的学习者都需要母语的支持,但需要多少母语取决于学生的熟练程度。采用SPSS (statistical Package for The Social Sciences)软件计算研究结果的统计显著性。
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引用次数: 8
Media Literacy Education: Global Tendencies and Search of Lithuanian Path 媒介素养教育:全球趋势与立陶宛路径的探索
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/coactivity.2010.10
L. Duoblienė
This article analyzes the influence of information technologies on education. Different viewpoints on information literacy education, which is often assimilated to media literacy education, are presented in the paper. The article investigates both advantages of media literacy, which involve its positive influence on education, and disadvantages, which encompass dishonest ideological purposes of media literacy that are hidden behind the notion of efficient teaching. This work defends the idea that media literacy education is inevitable in modern schooling and that it is step by step replacing traditional ways of learning. Several media education paradigms are discussed: protectionist, media arts education, media literacy education and critical media literacy education. Some of them teach how to utilize modern technologies and develop creativity, whereas others educate how to recognize ideologies and be publicly engaged. The paper evaluates media literacy in Lithuania by exploring the context of media education, i.e. by analyzing Wiki culture, didactic approach of media literacy, relationships among participants of learning process, and influence of information technologies on the development of educational techniques. Prominent questions about Lithuanian readiness for changes in schooling methods are asked. It is argued if the country has a clear and coherent media literacy education philosophy. Answers are found by investigating information literacy programs and media literacy projects in Lithuanian secondary schools. The article arrives to a conclusion that in Lithuania media literacy education is only at the early stage of development, but its progress is quite rapid and omits several stages which were underwent in Western countries. Nevertheless, the work determines that Lithuania lacks new and brave mindset which should be spread together with critical pedagogy and critical media literacy (i.e. transforming) education.
本文分析了信息技术对教育的影响。本文对信息素养教育提出了不同的观点,并将信息素养教育等同于媒介素养教育。本文探讨了媒介素养的优点,包括其对教育的积极影响,以及缺点,包括隐藏在高效教学理念背后的媒介素养不诚实的意识形态目的。这项工作捍卫了媒体素养教育在现代学校教育中不可避免的观点,并且它正在逐步取代传统的学习方式。探讨了保护主义、媒介艺术教育、媒介素养教育和批判媒介素养教育等媒介教育范式。其中一些教授如何利用现代技术和发展创造力,而另一些则教授如何识别意识形态和公众参与。本文通过分析维基文化、媒体素养的教学方法、学习过程中参与者之间的关系以及信息技术对教育技术发展的影响,对立陶宛的媒体素养进行了评估。有人提出了立陶宛是否准备好改变教育方法的突出问题。对于国家是否有清晰连贯的媒介素养教育理念存在争议。通过调查立陶宛中学的信息素养计划和媒体素养计划,我们找到了答案。文章认为,立陶宛的媒介素养教育尚处于发展初期,但其发展相当迅速,并省略了西方国家所经历的几个阶段。然而,这项工作决定了立陶宛缺乏新的和勇敢的心态,这种心态应该与批判教学法和批判媒体素养(即转化)教育一起传播。
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引用次数: 0
Kai kurių statybos terminų vartosena: teorijos ir praktikos neatitiktis
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/COACTIVITY.2010.19
Lina Rutkienė
In modern society technical skills and competence are highly valued. The process of technologisation affects changes in language because the development of language is closely related to changes in society. Language becomes technical since humans constantly expose themselves to technical realia and their denominations. Yet, not always the widespread terms denoting technical concepts are grammatically acceptable. The main objectives of this article are the following: to analyse certain ad hoc selected terms used in the field of construction by use of questionnaires; to discuss the causes of ungrammatical use of the terms; to estimate the predominant role of linguistic or extralinguistic factors; to test and compare the degree of grammatically correct use of the terms by IV year students and employees of the construction sector.
在现代社会,技术技能和能力受到高度重视。技术的进程影响着语言的变化,因为语言的发展与社会的变化密切相关。由于人类不断地将自己暴露在技术现实和它们的名称中,语言变得技术化了。然而,并不总是表示技术概念的广泛术语在语法上是可接受的。本文的主要目的是:通过问卷调查的方式,对建筑领域中使用的一些特别选择术语进行分析;讨论术语不合语法使用的原因;判断:估计语言或语言外因素的主要作用;测试和比较四年级学生和建筑行业员工对术语的语法正确使用程度。
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引用次数: 2
Reklamos socialinio vaidmens ir skolintos terminijos vartojimo problemos miesto prekybos tinkluose ir žiniasklaidoje
Pub Date : 2010-06-04 DOI: 10.3846/COACTIVITY.2010.14
Dalija Kemeklienė, Liucija Šiaučiūnienė
Nowadays advertising is of significant importance. Radio and television programmes, newspapers and magazines, various texts, even streets and shops are hardly imaginable without advertising. Advertising forms individuals’ as well as public attitude to many things in life. Besides it influences the person’s behavior and way of thinking. Advertising is inseparable part of the market; it helps create new working places, increases income and discloses positive qualities of manufactured products.However to create the correct, attractive and emotional body of the advert is not easy at all. Every person involved in advertising should be aware of that. In advertising texts vocabulary rules change, loanwords pushed, their standardisation and codification are noticed. In the period of integrating into the European Union, more new technological terms are used in the Lithuanian language. The language is being operated in virtual environment. New varieties of the language are being discovered - advertisement language and -communicative language. The problems of the usage of borrowed words also appear in the language.
如今广告是非常重要的。广播和电视节目、报纸和杂志、各种文本,甚至街道和商店都很难想象没有广告。广告形成了个人以及公众对生活中许多事情的态度。此外,它还会影响人的行为和思维方式。广告是市场不可分割的一部分;它有助于创造新的工作场所,增加收入,并披露制造产品的积极品质。然而,要创造出正确的、有吸引力的、有情感的广告主体,绝非易事。每一个从事广告的人都应该意识到这一点。在广告文本中,词汇规则的变化、外来词的推广、外来词的规范化和法典化引起了人们的关注。在融入欧盟期间,立陶宛语中使用了更多的新技术术语。该语言在虚拟环境中运行。语言的新变种正在被发现——广告语和交际语。外来词的使用问题也出现在语言中。
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引用次数: 0
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