Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-14-25
T. G. Malanicheva, E. Agafonova, O. Kuznetsova
Objective. To study the role of adapted formulas and drinks in reducing the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in infants and toddlers. Patients and methods. This study was conducted in two stages: stage 1 included infants (0–1 year) (n = 105), and stage 2 included the same children aged 1 to 3 years (n = 96). In the control group (n = 35, 0–1 year; n = 32, 1–3 years), children were breastfed during the first year of life. In the study group (n = 35, 0–1 year; n = 32, 1–3 years), children received adapted formulas and drinks based on New Zealand goat’s whole milk: between 1 and 5 months – NANNI 1; from 6 months – NANNI 2; between 1 and 3 years – NANNI 3 in the amount of 200 mL/day. In the comparison group (n = 35, 0–1 year; n = 32, 1–3 years), children received an adapted milk formula based on whole cow’s milk protein: formula 1 in the first 6 months of life, formula 2 in the second 6 months of life, and formula 3 between the ages of 1 and 3 years in the amount of 200 mL/day. At the first and second stages, we evaluated the incidence of ARI episodes during the year and mucosal immunity parameters: cellular composition of smears, cytomorphological features and functional activity of neutrophils (phagocytosis, intracellular biocide concentration, intraleukocytic enzyme systems: myeloperoxidase, cationic proteins, acid phosphatase). Results. The mean number of ARI episodes during the first and second stages in the study group (2.3) did not differ from the control group (1.8, p > 0.05). The incidence of ARIs was higher in the comparison group (3.6; p < 0.05). The content of the main cell populations in the rhinocytogram (neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, epithelial cells) at the first and second stages was comparable in children in the study and control groups; in these groups, fewer cells with pronounced damage and higher phagocytic activity of neutrophils were recorded. The maximum levels of enzyme systems were registered in children in the control group (myeloperoxidase: 0.41 OD × 10-3; acid phosphatase: 0.39 OD × 10-3; cationic proteins: 0.29 OD × 10-3). The levels of enzyme systems in the study group at the first and second stages were comparable. Conclusion. A lower incidence of ARIs, optimal body resistance both in infants and toddlers develop against the background of breastfeeding. Children who received formulas based on New Zealand goat’s milk had higher resistance compared to those who received adapted milk formulas based on whole cow’s milk protein, and their mucosal immunity parameters approached the values of these parameters in breastfed infants. Key words: children, infants and toddlers, functional nutrition, adapted formulas, acute respiratory infections
{"title":"Role of functional nutrition in reducing the incidence of acute respiratory infections in children","authors":"T. G. Malanicheva, E. Agafonova, O. Kuznetsova","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-14-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-14-25","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To study the role of adapted formulas and drinks in reducing the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in infants and toddlers. Patients and methods. This study was conducted in two stages: stage 1 included infants (0–1 year) (n = 105), and stage 2 included the same children aged 1 to 3 years (n = 96). In the control group (n = 35, 0–1 year; n = 32, 1–3 years), children were breastfed during the first year of life. In the study group (n = 35, 0–1 year; n = 32, 1–3 years), children received adapted formulas and drinks based on New Zealand goat’s whole milk: between 1 and 5 months – NANNI 1; from 6 months – NANNI 2; between 1 and 3 years – NANNI 3 in the amount of 200 mL/day. In the comparison group (n = 35, 0–1 year; n = 32, 1–3 years), children received an adapted milk formula based on whole cow’s milk protein: formula 1 in the first 6 months of life, formula 2 in the second 6 months of life, and formula 3 between the ages of 1 and 3 years in the amount of 200 mL/day. At the first and second stages, we evaluated the incidence of ARI episodes during the year and mucosal immunity parameters: cellular composition of smears, cytomorphological features and functional activity of neutrophils (phagocytosis, intracellular biocide concentration, intraleukocytic enzyme systems: myeloperoxidase, cationic proteins, acid phosphatase). Results. The mean number of ARI episodes during the first and second stages in the study group (2.3) did not differ from the control group (1.8, p > 0.05). The incidence of ARIs was higher in the comparison group (3.6; p < 0.05). The content of the main cell populations in the rhinocytogram (neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, epithelial cells) at the first and second stages was comparable in children in the study and control groups; in these groups, fewer cells with pronounced damage and higher phagocytic activity of neutrophils were recorded. The maximum levels of enzyme systems were registered in children in the control group (myeloperoxidase: 0.41 OD × 10-3; acid phosphatase: 0.39 OD × 10-3; cationic proteins: 0.29 OD × 10-3). The levels of enzyme systems in the study group at the first and second stages were comparable. Conclusion. A lower incidence of ARIs, optimal body resistance both in infants and toddlers develop against the background of breastfeeding. Children who received formulas based on New Zealand goat’s milk had higher resistance compared to those who received adapted milk formulas based on whole cow’s milk protein, and their mucosal immunity parameters approached the values of these parameters in breastfed infants. Key words: children, infants and toddlers, functional nutrition, adapted formulas, acute respiratory infections","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67717519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-2-63-69
U.M.K. Babaeva, N.K. Pavelets, E. Kornienko
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is characterized clinically by typical endoscopic features and the presence of more than 15 eosinophils visible per high-power field in esophageal mucosal biopsy samples. Due to deep chronic eosinophilic inflammation, it can lead to complications, such as esophageal stenosis and rarely perforation. Intramural esophageal dissection (IED) is a previously undescribed complication of EoE in children. This article presents a clinical case of IED in a 15-year-old boy with clinical debut as sudden epigastric pain and nausea against the background of acute respiratory viral infection. Endoscopy, computed tomography, and X-ray examination revealed a double-barrel esophagus with two cavities, the esophagus itself and a blind diverticulum (pouch or “pocket”), in which granulation tissue and active inflammation with many neutrophils were detected. Initial histological assessment showed no significant eosinophilic infiltration in the esophagus. After 6 months, endoscopy revealed characteristic signs of EoE: longitudinal grooves and erosions, transverse rings, narrowing of the esophageal lumen. In the middle third, the picture of double-barrel esophagus remained unchanged, but without signs of acute detachment and with a dense septum between two esophageal cavities. Histologically, the infiltrate contained more than 50 eosinophils per high-power field. The diagnosis of EoE complicated by IED was established. A strict hypoallergenic diet and an oral gel budesonide were prescribed. Endoscopic dissection of the esophageal septum was performed, its patency was restored. In 2 months, during a re-examination after a course of pharmacotherapy and diet, there were no complaints, radiological evaluation of esophageal patency showed no abnormalities. Endoscopically, the esophagus was freely passable, there was a small fold at the surgical site, longitudinal grooves and small erosions in the lower third maintained. Histologically, the number of eosinophils decreased significantly. The therapy was continued. This clinical case demonstrates the possibility of IED development as a complication of EoE. The course of EoE can be asymptomatic, while IED can serve as the first manifestation of the disease. The endoscopic presentation of double-barrel esophagus is a consequence of dissection. The combination of a hypoallergenic diet, topical steroids, and endoscopic septectomy is effective in the treatment of EoE with IED. Key words: eosinophilic esophagitis, intramural esophageal dissection, double-barrel esophagus
{"title":"Intramural esophageal dissection, a rare complication of eosinophilic esophagitis","authors":"U.M.K. Babaeva, N.K. Pavelets, E. Kornienko","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-2-63-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-2-63-69","url":null,"abstract":"Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is characterized clinically by typical endoscopic features and the presence of more than 15 eosinophils visible per high-power field in esophageal mucosal biopsy samples. Due to deep chronic eosinophilic inflammation, it can lead to complications, such as esophageal stenosis and rarely perforation. Intramural esophageal dissection (IED) is a previously undescribed complication of EoE in children. This article presents a clinical case of IED in a 15-year-old boy with clinical debut as sudden epigastric pain and nausea against the background of acute respiratory viral infection. Endoscopy, computed tomography, and X-ray examination revealed a double-barrel esophagus with two cavities, the esophagus itself and a blind diverticulum (pouch or “pocket”), in which granulation tissue and active inflammation with many neutrophils were detected. Initial histological assessment showed no significant eosinophilic infiltration in the esophagus. After 6 months, endoscopy revealed characteristic signs of EoE: longitudinal grooves and erosions, transverse rings, narrowing of the esophageal lumen. In the middle third, the picture of double-barrel esophagus remained unchanged, but without signs of acute detachment and with a dense septum between two esophageal cavities. Histologically, the infiltrate contained more than 50 eosinophils per high-power field. The diagnosis of EoE complicated by IED was established. A strict hypoallergenic diet and an oral gel budesonide were prescribed. Endoscopic dissection of the esophageal septum was performed, its patency was restored. In 2 months, during a re-examination after a course of pharmacotherapy and diet, there were no complaints, radiological evaluation of esophageal patency showed no abnormalities. Endoscopically, the esophagus was freely passable, there was a small fold at the surgical site, longitudinal grooves and small erosions in the lower third maintained. Histologically, the number of eosinophils decreased significantly. The therapy was continued. This clinical case demonstrates the possibility of IED development as a complication of EoE. The course of EoE can be asymptomatic, while IED can serve as the first manifestation of the disease. The endoscopic presentation of double-barrel esophagus is a consequence of dissection. The combination of a hypoallergenic diet, topical steroids, and endoscopic septectomy is effective in the treatment of EoE with IED. Key words: eosinophilic esophagitis, intramural esophageal dissection, double-barrel esophagus","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67718245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-3-53-65
H. Sarkisyan, I. V. Zhuravleva, P. Shumilov, A. Volkova, O. V. Ryazanova, O. Khandamirova
Neonates born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation are considered late preterm (LPT) and constitute the largest group of all preterm infants. The rate of morbidity and mortality, as well as the frequency of repeated hospitalizations among LPT infants are significantly higher compared to full-term infants, which is explained by immaturity due to the lack of a critical period of their intrauterine growth and development. Fairly common they face nutritional problems leading to adverse immediate and long-term outcomes. Until recently, the lack of clear feeding recommendations for LPT infants determined the use of individual approaches to optimize their nutrition. The annual increase in the number of LPT infants has prompted the accumulation of new scientific information concerning both the anatomical and physiological characteristics and principles of development of these children in general and specific problems, including those related to nutrition. Comprehensive support and appropriate breastfeeding are the cornerstone of adequate nutrition for LPT infants. Depending on factors such as gestational age, birth weight, and comorbidities, it is often necessary to increase nutritional support, including the use of breast milk fortifiers, nutrientenriched formulas, and parenteral nutrition prescription. The process of achieving normal nutritional status in LPT infants can be complicated by episodes of hypoglycemia and prolonged jaundice, delay in postnatal growth and development, which requires a special approach. This review highlights the most common problems of nutritional management of LPT infants and provides current recommendations for optimal feeding of this group of preterm infants. Key words: late preterm infant, nutritional requirements, breastfeeding, donor milk, specialized formula, breast milk fortifiers, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia
{"title":"Current principles of nutritional management of late preterm infants","authors":"H. Sarkisyan, I. V. Zhuravleva, P. Shumilov, A. Volkova, O. V. Ryazanova, O. Khandamirova","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-3-53-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-3-53-65","url":null,"abstract":"Neonates born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation are considered late preterm (LPT) and constitute the largest group of all preterm infants. The rate of morbidity and mortality, as well as the frequency of repeated hospitalizations among LPT infants are significantly higher compared to full-term infants, which is explained by immaturity due to the lack of a critical period of their intrauterine growth and development. Fairly common they face nutritional problems leading to adverse immediate and long-term outcomes. Until recently, the lack of clear feeding recommendations for LPT infants determined the use of individual approaches to optimize their nutrition. The annual increase in the number of LPT infants has prompted the accumulation of new scientific information concerning both the anatomical and physiological characteristics and principles of development of these children in general and specific problems, including those related to nutrition. Comprehensive support and appropriate breastfeeding are the cornerstone of adequate nutrition for LPT infants. Depending on factors such as gestational age, birth weight, and comorbidities, it is often necessary to increase nutritional support, including the use of breast milk fortifiers, nutrientenriched formulas, and parenteral nutrition prescription. The process of achieving normal nutritional status in LPT infants can be complicated by episodes of hypoglycemia and prolonged jaundice, delay in postnatal growth and development, which requires a special approach. This review highlights the most common problems of nutritional management of LPT infants and provides current recommendations for optimal feeding of this group of preterm infants. Key words: late preterm infant, nutritional requirements, breastfeeding, donor milk, specialized formula, breast milk fortifiers, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67718341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-66-75
A. Khavkin, A. Zavyalova, V. Novikova
The influence of nutrition on the gut microbiome formation is undeniable. From the moment a childr is born, the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding, the timing of introduction and choice of complementary foods shape his or her microbiome. Subsequently, acute and chronic diseases, drug exposure, and physical activity maintain the “health” of the luminal microbiome. Nutritional adequacy and balance in accordance with age standards, as well as eating habits are important for the formation of the gut microbiome. Various foods with prebiotic properties contribute to the microbiome biodiversity. This review describes the effects of foods, nutrients, and prebiotics on the microbiome of children, athletes, and the elderly. The system’s fluidity leads to metabolic changes that affect the whole body. The time span of this impact matters: it either changes the developmental vector with early influence or corrects the constants already in place. At the same time, the directions of microbiome modifications are diverse: from improving athletic performance to preventing sarcopenia and cachexia in older people. Key words: microbiota, prebiotics, children, athletes, sarcopenia
{"title":"Impact of nutrients on gut microbiota","authors":"A. Khavkin, A. Zavyalova, V. Novikova","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-66-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-66-75","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of nutrition on the gut microbiome formation is undeniable. From the moment a childr is born, the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding, the timing of introduction and choice of complementary foods shape his or her microbiome. Subsequently, acute and chronic diseases, drug exposure, and physical activity maintain the “health” of the luminal microbiome. Nutritional adequacy and balance in accordance with age standards, as well as eating habits are important for the formation of the gut microbiome. Various foods with prebiotic properties contribute to the microbiome biodiversity. This review describes the effects of foods, nutrients, and prebiotics on the microbiome of children, athletes, and the elderly. The system’s fluidity leads to metabolic changes that affect the whole body. The time span of this impact matters: it either changes the developmental vector with early influence or corrects the constants already in place. At the same time, the directions of microbiome modifications are diverse: from improving athletic performance to preventing sarcopenia and cachexia in older people. Key words: microbiota, prebiotics, children, athletes, sarcopenia","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67718014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-94-100
E. A. Filippova, N. Esakova, E. Varlamov, A. Pampura
Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy manifested by delayed onset of gastrointestinal symptoms (1–4 hours after allergen consumption), which can lead to severe life-threatening conditions. The absence of specific laboratory markers of FPIES allowing to determine the trigger and confirm the diagnosis, unclear clinical features often masked by acute intestinal infections and other gastrointestinal diseases create significant difficulties in identifying patients with FPIES, choosing the right tactics for their management, and prescribing an adequate elimination diet. This article presents a clinical case of a patient who had multiple episodes of severe clinical manifestations of FPIES since the age of 6 months, requiring emergency hospitalization. The diagnosis of FPIES was first suspected at the age of 1.5 years; subsequently, the diagnosis was clinically confirmed, and a plan for further management of the child was developed. Key words: food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), children, diagnosis, food allergy, trigger, oral food challenge test, cow’s milk protein allergy, meat allergy
{"title":"Clinical case of acute food-protein induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) as a manifestation of multiple food allergies","authors":"E. A. Filippova, N. Esakova, E. Varlamov, A. Pampura","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-94-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-94-100","url":null,"abstract":"Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy manifested by delayed onset of gastrointestinal symptoms (1–4 hours after allergen consumption), which can lead to severe life-threatening conditions. The absence of specific laboratory markers of FPIES allowing to determine the trigger and confirm the diagnosis, unclear clinical features often masked by acute intestinal infections and other gastrointestinal diseases create significant difficulties in identifying patients with FPIES, choosing the right tactics for their management, and prescribing an adequate elimination diet. This article presents a clinical case of a patient who had multiple episodes of severe clinical manifestations of FPIES since the age of 6 months, requiring emergency hospitalization. The diagnosis of FPIES was first suspected at the age of 1.5 years; subsequently, the diagnosis was clinically confirmed, and a plan for further management of the child was developed. Key words: food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), children, diagnosis, food allergy, trigger, oral food challenge test, cow’s milk protein allergy, meat allergy","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67718172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-5-13
T. Bushueva, T. Borovik, E. Roslavtseva, O. Simonova, I. Sokolov, I. Guseva, N. V. Lyabina, A. Sokolova, A. Fisenko
Objective. To determine the safety, tolerability, and clinical efficacy of the specialized dietary product “Clinutren Junior” in children with cystic fibrosis at the age of 1 to 10 years. Patients and methods. This study included 20 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) aged 1 to 10 years who underwent treatment and rehabilitation at the Pulmonology Department of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health. According to the Shwachman index (SI), a severe course of CF (SI = 34.24 ± 1.97) was observed in 4 (20%) patients, a moderate course of CF (SI = 49.53 ± 1.76) in 12 (60%) patients, and a mild course of CF (SI = 61.5 ± 2.05) in 4 (20%) patients. All patients had malnutrition of varying severity. During dynamic observation, the children’s general health condition, nutritional status, including anthropometric and biochemical parameters, biological and nutritional value of the diet were evaluated. Results. Beneficial organoleptic properties of the formula and its good tolerability were noted. The analysis of the actual nutrition showed that the study product increased the protein quota and energy value of the age-differentiated standard sparing diet by 23-24%. Against the background of using the specialized formula, there was a tendency to improve the physical development of children, as evidenced by the complete elimination of mild malnutrition in 3 (3.8%) patients and a decrease in the number of patients with severe malnutrition. Conclusion. Inclusion of the specialized dietary product “Clinutren Junior” in the therapeutic diet for CF patients enhances and maintains their nutritional status at a satisfactory level, which in general provides a positive prognosis of the disease and improves the quality of life of patients and their families. Key words: cystic fibrosis, children, malnutrition, specialized food products
{"title":"Malnutrition in children with cystic fibrosis and its correction with a specialized formula","authors":"T. Bushueva, T. Borovik, E. Roslavtseva, O. Simonova, I. Sokolov, I. Guseva, N. V. Lyabina, A. Sokolova, A. Fisenko","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-1-5-13","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To determine the safety, tolerability, and clinical efficacy of the specialized dietary product “Clinutren Junior” in children with cystic fibrosis at the age of 1 to 10 years. Patients and methods. This study included 20 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) aged 1 to 10 years who underwent treatment and rehabilitation at the Pulmonology Department of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health. According to the Shwachman index (SI), a severe course of CF (SI = 34.24 ± 1.97) was observed in 4 (20%) patients, a moderate course of CF (SI = 49.53 ± 1.76) in 12 (60%) patients, and a mild course of CF (SI = 61.5 ± 2.05) in 4 (20%) patients. All patients had malnutrition of varying severity. During dynamic observation, the children’s general health condition, nutritional status, including anthropometric and biochemical parameters, biological and nutritional value of the diet were evaluated. Results. Beneficial organoleptic properties of the formula and its good tolerability were noted. The analysis of the actual nutrition showed that the study product increased the protein quota and energy value of the age-differentiated standard sparing diet by 23-24%. Against the background of using the specialized formula, there was a tendency to improve the physical development of children, as evidenced by the complete elimination of mild malnutrition in 3 (3.8%) patients and a decrease in the number of patients with severe malnutrition. Conclusion. Inclusion of the specialized dietary product “Clinutren Junior” in the therapeutic diet for CF patients enhances and maintains their nutritional status at a satisfactory level, which in general provides a positive prognosis of the disease and improves the quality of life of patients and their families. Key words: cystic fibrosis, children, malnutrition, specialized food products","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67717310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-2-13-23
A. Antishin, A.R. Polishchuk, M. A. Manina, A. S. Tertychnyy, Ju.A. Drozdova, S. I. Erdes
Objective. Examination of schoolchildren in Moscow using a specially designed questionnaire to identify children at risk of developing celiac disease. Patients and methods. The study enrolled 3070 Moscow schoolchildren aged 7–18 years old. Serological and genetic examinations were performed in 42 children at risk for celiac disease, including determination of IgA and IgE to wheat, IgA and IgG to tissue transglutaminase, and IgA to endomysium. Molecular HLA testing for alleles that predispose to celiac disease was conducted. Endoscopic and morphological diagnostics were performed when indicated. Results. The risk group for celiac disease amounted to 10.2% of all schoolchildren surveyed. According to the results of the questionnaire, children in the risk group significantly more often had abdominal pain, excess gas, bloating, flatulence, dyspeptic complaints (diarrhea, constipation, vomiting), asthma attacks or other forms of allergies, headache, joint or body pain, fatigue and weakness, mood swings, depression, anxiety, or episodes of emotional arousal. Changes in height, weight, delayed physical or sexual development, dental enamel defects, and skin rashes were also noted. Of the 42 children in the risk group, the DQ2 heterodimer was detected in 13 (31%) children, the DQ8 heterodimer – in 2 (4.8%), and a combination of DQ2 and DQ8 heterodimers – in 1 (2.4%). Thus, characteristic HLA haplotypes were identified in 38% of the examined children. Three children had IgA antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (at >10 norm) and IgA anti-endomysium antibody titers. Conclusion. The method of questioning by means of a specially designed questionnaire for school-age children allows to identify individuals at risk of developing celiac disease. According to serological, genetic, endoscopic, and morphological investigations, the incidence of celiac disease among children at risk was 7.1%. The prevalence of celiac disease among school-age children in Moscow corresponds to global trends, amounting to 0.7%. Key words: questionnaire, gluten-free diet, cereals, gluten intolerance, celiac disease, children
{"title":"Population-based study of the prevalence of celiac disease among schoolchildren in Moscow","authors":"A. Antishin, A.R. Polishchuk, M. A. Manina, A. S. Tertychnyy, Ju.A. Drozdova, S. I. Erdes","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-2-13-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-2-13-23","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Examination of schoolchildren in Moscow using a specially designed questionnaire to identify children at risk of developing celiac disease. Patients and methods. The study enrolled 3070 Moscow schoolchildren aged 7–18 years old. Serological and genetic examinations were performed in 42 children at risk for celiac disease, including determination of IgA and IgE to wheat, IgA and IgG to tissue transglutaminase, and IgA to endomysium. Molecular HLA testing for alleles that predispose to celiac disease was conducted. Endoscopic and morphological diagnostics were performed when indicated. Results. The risk group for celiac disease amounted to 10.2% of all schoolchildren surveyed. According to the results of the questionnaire, children in the risk group significantly more often had abdominal pain, excess gas, bloating, flatulence, dyspeptic complaints (diarrhea, constipation, vomiting), asthma attacks or other forms of allergies, headache, joint or body pain, fatigue and weakness, mood swings, depression, anxiety, or episodes of emotional arousal. Changes in height, weight, delayed physical or sexual development, dental enamel defects, and skin rashes were also noted. Of the 42 children in the risk group, the DQ2 heterodimer was detected in 13 (31%) children, the DQ8 heterodimer – in 2 (4.8%), and a combination of DQ2 and DQ8 heterodimers – in 1 (2.4%). Thus, characteristic HLA haplotypes were identified in 38% of the examined children. Three children had IgA antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (at >10 norm) and IgA anti-endomysium antibody titers. Conclusion. The method of questioning by means of a specially designed questionnaire for school-age children allows to identify individuals at risk of developing celiac disease. According to serological, genetic, endoscopic, and morphological investigations, the incidence of celiac disease among children at risk was 7.1%. The prevalence of celiac disease among school-age children in Moscow corresponds to global trends, amounting to 0.7%. Key words: questionnaire, gluten-free diet, cereals, gluten intolerance, celiac disease, children","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67718224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-3-28-40
O. Titova, N. Taran, A. V. Keleinikova, M. Shavkina, E. Pavlovskaya, T. Strokova
Objective. To develop an algorithm for selecting a nutritional support / enteral nutrition product in children with cerebral palsy based on nutritional status indicators and the nature of concomitant pathology. Patients and methods. This study included 261 children aged 2 to 17 years (159 (61%) boys) diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy. All children were divided into different groups according to the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) level and feeding method (per os / gastrostomy). Nutritional status and characteristics of gastrointestinal symptoms were investigated, and actual nutrition was assessed. Body composition was evaluated by measuring triceps skinfold thickness and mid-upper arm circumference. Dietary adjustments were made considering the identified disorders of nutritional status and gastrointestinal function. Follow-up examination was performed after 6–9 months to assess the efficacy of diet therapy. Results. An underweight condition was detected in 40–79% of cases and was most frequently observed in groups IV, V, VTF of GMFCS levels: 14 (21.9%), 33 (40.7%) and 18 (39.1%) children, respectively (pVTF–V–IV < 0,001). Stunting was recorded in groups IV, V, and VTF. The most common gastrointestinal disorder was constipation (47.1%). Energy deficiency was registered in 213 (81.6%) children and amounted to 12.3–61.8% from the norm. The rate of macronutrient deficiency: protein – 11.4–60.0%, fats – 10.9–61.6%, carbohydrates – 20.3–72.6% from the individual norm / recommended dietary intake. In the follow-up period, statistically significant positive dynamics of weight and height indicators, an increase in fat mass and skeletal muscle mass, and relief of gastrointestinal manifestations were observed against the background of diet therapy. Analysis of findings allowed us to develop an algorithm for selecting a nutritional support / enteral nutrition product for children with cerebral palsy. Conclusion. Evaluation of nutritional status and correction of its disorders requires a comprehensive approach in patients with cerebral palsy. In the absence of positive dynamics after 1–3 months, it is necessary to revise a dietary regimen. Key words: diet therapy algorithm, cerebral palsy, motor activity level, underweight, nutritional support
{"title":"Algorithm of formula selection for nutritional support and enteral nutrition in children with cerebral palsy","authors":"O. Titova, N. Taran, A. V. Keleinikova, M. Shavkina, E. Pavlovskaya, T. Strokova","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-3-28-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-3-28-40","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To develop an algorithm for selecting a nutritional support / enteral nutrition product in children with cerebral palsy based on nutritional status indicators and the nature of concomitant pathology. Patients and methods. This study included 261 children aged 2 to 17 years (159 (61%) boys) diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy. All children were divided into different groups according to the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) level and feeding method (per os / gastrostomy). Nutritional status and characteristics of gastrointestinal symptoms were investigated, and actual nutrition was assessed. Body composition was evaluated by measuring triceps skinfold thickness and mid-upper arm circumference. Dietary adjustments were made considering the identified disorders of nutritional status and gastrointestinal function. Follow-up examination was performed after 6–9 months to assess the efficacy of diet therapy. Results. An underweight condition was detected in 40–79% of cases and was most frequently observed in groups IV, V, VTF of GMFCS levels: 14 (21.9%), 33 (40.7%) and 18 (39.1%) children, respectively (pVTF–V–IV < 0,001). Stunting was recorded in groups IV, V, and VTF. The most common gastrointestinal disorder was constipation (47.1%). Energy deficiency was registered in 213 (81.6%) children and amounted to 12.3–61.8% from the norm. The rate of macronutrient deficiency: protein – 11.4–60.0%, fats – 10.9–61.6%, carbohydrates – 20.3–72.6% from the individual norm / recommended dietary intake. In the follow-up period, statistically significant positive dynamics of weight and height indicators, an increase in fat mass and skeletal muscle mass, and relief of gastrointestinal manifestations were observed against the background of diet therapy. Analysis of findings allowed us to develop an algorithm for selecting a nutritional support / enteral nutrition product for children with cerebral palsy. Conclusion. Evaluation of nutritional status and correction of its disorders requires a comprehensive approach in patients with cerebral palsy. In the absence of positive dynamics after 1–3 months, it is necessary to revise a dietary regimen. Key words: diet therapy algorithm, cerebral palsy, motor activity level, underweight, nutritional support","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67718268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-3-66-71
S. Polyakova, G.V. Khazykova, M. Dubrovskaya, O. V. Ryazanova, A. Botkina
Aerophagia is a functional disorder associated with air swallowing, which is manifested by belching, abdominal distension and bloating and can carry a pathological character with possible surgical complications. The prevalence of aerophagia among children ranges from 1% to 5%. Children with cognitive deficits and neurological and psychiatric diseases are 4 times more likely to suffer from aerophagia than neurotypical children. In these patients, aerophagia should be considered not as an independent functional disorder, but as a manifestation of neurological and psychiatric pathology (in particular, stereotypic behavior and sensory deficits). Uncontrolled aerophagia in children with autism spectrum disorders requires minimum examination and therapy correction for the underlying disease. This article presents a clinical case of aerophagia in two children with autism spectrum disorder. Key words: aerophagia, bloating, children, cognitive deficits, swallowing disorders, belching, autism spectrum disorder
{"title":"Aerophagia in children with autism spectrum disorder","authors":"S. Polyakova, G.V. Khazykova, M. Dubrovskaya, O. V. Ryazanova, A. Botkina","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-3-66-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-3-66-71","url":null,"abstract":"Aerophagia is a functional disorder associated with air swallowing, which is manifested by belching, abdominal distension and bloating and can carry a pathological character with possible surgical complications. The prevalence of aerophagia among children ranges from 1% to 5%. Children with cognitive deficits and neurological and psychiatric diseases are 4 times more likely to suffer from aerophagia than neurotypical children. In these patients, aerophagia should be considered not as an independent functional disorder, but as a manifestation of neurological and psychiatric pathology (in particular, stereotypic behavior and sensory deficits). Uncontrolled aerophagia in children with autism spectrum disorders requires minimum examination and therapy correction for the underlying disease. This article presents a clinical case of aerophagia in two children with autism spectrum disorder. Key words: aerophagia, bloating, children, cognitive deficits, swallowing disorders, belching, autism spectrum disorder","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67718488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2023-2-90-94
S. Urubkov, N. V. Myasishcheva
Objective. To study the influence of functional components of the chemical composition of secondary products processed from black currant berries on the nutritional value of gluten-free cereal bars based on expanded grain and to establish the possibility of satisfying the daily requirements of vitamin C, bioflavonoids, dietary fiber, including pectin, in children when using them. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were expanded grains of millet, rice, buckwheat, amaranth, quinoa, as well as the powder obtained from black currant pomace. When studying the content of substances that determine the nutritional and biological value of black currant pomace powder, standard research methods were used. The nutritional value of gluten-free cereal bars was estimated by the calculation method. Results. The chemical composition of black currant pomace powder was studied. It was found that it contains a large amount of ascorbic acid (139.2 mg/100g) and bioflavonoids: anthocyanins (1381.1 mg/100 g), leuco-anthocyanins (864.9 mg/100 g), and catechins (739.4 mg/100 g). It is characterized by a high ratio of sugars and acids (4), as well as a high content of pectin substances and fiber (11.5 and 10.7%, respectively). The calculation of nutritional value showed that the addition of black currant pomace powder in the recipe of gluten-free cereal bars in an amount of 3.5% or more at the consumption of 100 g of the finished product can cover the daily requirements of children in bioflavonoids and dietary fiber, and an amount from 7.0% of the recipe allows to get a product enriched with vitamin C. Conclusion. The calculations of daily requirements performed in this study indicate the prospects of using black currant pomace powder as an enriching additive in specialized products for children over 3 years of age with gluten intolerance. Key words: gluten-free foods, children, cereal bars, gluten intolerance, expanded grain, black currant powder, biologically active substances
{"title":"Enrichment of gluten-free cereal bars based on expanded grain with functional ingredients of secondary products processed from black currant berries","authors":"S. Urubkov, N. V. Myasishcheva","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2023-2-90-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2023-2-90-94","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To study the influence of functional components of the chemical composition of secondary products processed from black currant berries on the nutritional value of gluten-free cereal bars based on expanded grain and to establish the possibility of satisfying the daily requirements of vitamin C, bioflavonoids, dietary fiber, including pectin, in children when using them. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were expanded grains of millet, rice, buckwheat, amaranth, quinoa, as well as the powder obtained from black currant pomace. When studying the content of substances that determine the nutritional and biological value of black currant pomace powder, standard research methods were used. The nutritional value of gluten-free cereal bars was estimated by the calculation method. Results. The chemical composition of black currant pomace powder was studied. It was found that it contains a large amount of ascorbic acid (139.2 mg/100g) and bioflavonoids: anthocyanins (1381.1 mg/100 g), leuco-anthocyanins (864.9 mg/100 g), and catechins (739.4 mg/100 g). It is characterized by a high ratio of sugars and acids (4), as well as a high content of pectin substances and fiber (11.5 and 10.7%, respectively). The calculation of nutritional value showed that the addition of black currant pomace powder in the recipe of gluten-free cereal bars in an amount of 3.5% or more at the consumption of 100 g of the finished product can cover the daily requirements of children in bioflavonoids and dietary fiber, and an amount from 7.0% of the recipe allows to get a product enriched with vitamin C. Conclusion. The calculations of daily requirements performed in this study indicate the prospects of using black currant pomace powder as an enriching additive in specialized products for children over 3 years of age with gluten intolerance. Key words: gluten-free foods, children, cereal bars, gluten intolerance, expanded grain, black currant powder, biologically active substances","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67718519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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