Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-64-70
A. Vashura, A.A. Pyataeva, A. F. Karelin
Children with malignant neoplasms are a high-risk group for developing nutritional and metabolic disorders, which are one of the key disabling factors that significantly reduce the effectiveness of medical and social rehabilitation. Dynamic monitoring, screening, and timely correction of identified problems, including nutritional ones, constitute an essential precondition for the success of rehabilitation. The basic principles of nutritional correction in pediatric oncology include the following: a personalized approach; avoidance of long intervals between meals; prescription of any restrictive diets only for reasonable indications; multidisciplinarity; sparing of the gastrointestinal tract; timely initiation of nutritional support; continuity, dynamic monitoring, and control of nutritional status. The aim of this study is to describe the main aspects of nutritional support in children with malignant neoplasms after the end of cancer treatment. Key words: children, nutritional support, oncology, nutrition, cancer
{"title":"Key aspects of nutrition and nutritional support for children with malignant neoplasms after completion of cancer treatment","authors":"A. Vashura, A.A. Pyataeva, A. F. Karelin","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-64-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-64-70","url":null,"abstract":"Children with malignant neoplasms are a high-risk group for developing nutritional and metabolic disorders, which are one of the key disabling factors that significantly reduce the effectiveness of medical and social rehabilitation. Dynamic monitoring, screening, and timely correction of identified problems, including nutritional ones, constitute an essential precondition for the success of rehabilitation. The basic principles of nutritional correction in pediatric oncology include the following: a personalized approach; avoidance of long intervals between meals; prescription of any restrictive diets only for reasonable indications; multidisciplinarity; sparing of the gastrointestinal tract; timely initiation of nutritional support; continuity, dynamic monitoring, and control of nutritional status. The aim of this study is to describe the main aspects of nutritional support in children with malignant neoplasms after the end of cancer treatment. Key words: children, nutritional support, oncology, nutrition, cancer","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67716844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-33-40
S. M. Dehghani, M. Anbardar, I. Shahramian, M. Arán, S. Hamzeloo, F. Fazeli, S. Rakhshaninasab, M. Tahani
The aim of the present study was to investigate the time required for the normalization of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies IgA (anti-TTG IgA) after starting a gluten-free diet (GFD) in children with celiac disease (CeD). This study included 59 children under 18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of CeD referred to Imam Reza Clinic affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All children were divided into two groups, including those with either <180 or >180 U/mL anti-TTG IgA levels. The titer of anti-TTG IgA was checked after the start of GFD. Data analysis was performed using a SPSS software (version 21). The shortest time of anti-TTG IgA normalization was acquired three months after the start of GFD, while the longest time was 30 months. The total average time of normalization was 12.28 ± 6.48 months. The average periods of normalization in patients with baseline anti-TTG IgA titers of <180 and >180 U/mL were 11.30 ± 6.12 and 13.82 ± 6.86 months, respectively (P > 0.05). According to our results, the duration for normalization of anti-TTG IgA levels after GFD initiation was independent of the baseline antibody titer at the time of diagnosis. Key words: normalization time, transglutaminase, gluten-free diet, celiac disease.
{"title":"Duration of anti-tissue transglutaminase normalization after starting a gluten-free diet in children with celiac disease","authors":"S. M. Dehghani, M. Anbardar, I. Shahramian, M. Arán, S. Hamzeloo, F. Fazeli, S. Rakhshaninasab, M. Tahani","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-33-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-33-40","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to investigate the time required for the normalization of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies IgA (anti-TTG IgA) after starting a gluten-free diet (GFD) in children with celiac disease (CeD). This study included 59 children under 18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of CeD referred to Imam Reza Clinic affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All children were divided into two groups, including those with either <180 or >180 U/mL anti-TTG IgA levels. The titer of anti-TTG IgA was checked after the start of GFD. Data analysis was performed using a SPSS software (version 21). The shortest time of anti-TTG IgA normalization was acquired three months after the start of GFD, while the longest time was 30 months. The total average time of normalization was 12.28 ± 6.48 months. The average periods of normalization in patients with baseline anti-TTG IgA titers of <180 and >180 U/mL were 11.30 ± 6.12 and 13.82 ± 6.86 months, respectively (P > 0.05). According to our results, the duration for normalization of anti-TTG IgA levels after GFD initiation was independent of the baseline antibody titer at the time of diagnosis. Key words: normalization time, transglutaminase, gluten-free diet, celiac disease.","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67717167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/2224-5448-2022-4-11-22
K. Sharafetdinov, O. A. Plotnikova, R. I. Alekseeva, V. V. Pilipenko, V. Alekseev
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common carbohydrate metabolism disorders worldwide. Despite individual predisposition to T2DM due to non-modifiable risk factors (ethnicity and family history/genetic predisposition), epidemiological evidence suggests that many cases of T2DM can be prevented by modifying underlying risk factors (obesity, low physical activity, unhealthy diet). In a state of overnutrition leading to hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation, pancreatic β-cells are exposed to toxic effects, and conditions of inflammation and metabolic/oxidative stress result in obesity, insulin resistance, and the development of T2DM. The global impact of T2DM on the health care system requires early detection of carbohydrate metabolism disorders and preventive measures including lifestyle changes and dietary recommendations. This review considers the effect of different patterns (models) of nutritional intervention as an effective, safe, and low-cost method for the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Key words: therapeutic nutrition, nutritional patterns, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nutritional intervention
{"title":"Evidence-based nutritional patterns for type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment","authors":"K. Sharafetdinov, O. A. Plotnikova, R. I. Alekseeva, V. V. Pilipenko, V. Alekseev","doi":"10.20953/2224-5448-2022-4-11-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/2224-5448-2022-4-11-22","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common carbohydrate metabolism disorders worldwide. Despite individual predisposition to T2DM due to non-modifiable risk factors (ethnicity and family history/genetic predisposition), epidemiological evidence suggests that many cases of T2DM can be prevented by modifying underlying risk factors (obesity, low physical activity, unhealthy diet). In a state of overnutrition leading to hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation, pancreatic β-cells are exposed to toxic effects, and conditions of inflammation and metabolic/oxidative stress result in obesity, insulin resistance, and the development of T2DM. The global impact of T2DM on the health care system requires early detection of carbohydrate metabolism disorders and preventive measures including lifestyle changes and dietary recommendations. This review considers the effect of different patterns (models) of nutritional intervention as an effective, safe, and low-cost method for the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Key words: therapeutic nutrition, nutritional patterns, type 2 diabetes mellitus, nutritional intervention","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85193702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2022-4-51-60
Y. Tikhonova, O. Milushkina, N. Bokareva, F. Kozyreva
Objective. To conduct a hygienic assessment of chemical contamination of food products for infant nutrition. Materials and methods. Analysis of databases on the content of toxic elements (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic) in food products for infant nutrition and the infant morbidity rate according to the materials of social and hygienic monitoring in the Russian Federation was performed. The structure of nutrition for infants was studied. Based on the results of generated databases, the hazard quotient was calculated at the level of the median content of toxic elements in food products. Results. The primary chemical pollutants in food products for infants were found to be toxic elements (61.4% of samples), of which lead prevails. When analyzing the infant morbidity rate, an increase in gastrointestinal pathologies (by 15.7%) was observed, and in several cases – anemia and endocrine system diseases. It was revealed that only 37.3% of infants receive breastfeeding, and there is a violation of the timing of complementary food introduction (25.3%). Analysis of non-carcinogenic health risks showed that for formula-fed infants, the risk of alimentary-dependent diseases increases with age by months, which was confirmed by calculations of the hazard quotient (HQmedPb = 1.1; HQmedCd = 1.37; HQmedAs = 1.39). Conclusion. To prevent the morbidity rate in infants due to chemical contamination of food products, it is necessary to support breastfeeding, strict compliance with the terms of introduction and volume of complementary foods, and training in health education for medical students in accordance with the requirements of professional standards. Key words: infants, food products, toxic elements
{"title":"Hygienic aspects of food safety for infant nutrition","authors":"Y. Tikhonova, O. Milushkina, N. Bokareva, F. Kozyreva","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2022-4-51-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-4-51-60","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To conduct a hygienic assessment of chemical contamination of food products for infant nutrition. Materials and methods. Analysis of databases on the content of toxic elements (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic) in food products for infant nutrition and the infant morbidity rate according to the materials of social and hygienic monitoring in the Russian Federation was performed. The structure of nutrition for infants was studied. Based on the results of generated databases, the hazard quotient was calculated at the level of the median content of toxic elements in food products. Results. The primary chemical pollutants in food products for infants were found to be toxic elements (61.4% of samples), of which lead prevails. When analyzing the infant morbidity rate, an increase in gastrointestinal pathologies (by 15.7%) was observed, and in several cases – anemia and endocrine system diseases. It was revealed that only 37.3% of infants receive breastfeeding, and there is a violation of the timing of complementary food introduction (25.3%). Analysis of non-carcinogenic health risks showed that for formula-fed infants, the risk of alimentary-dependent diseases increases with age by months, which was confirmed by calculations of the hazard quotient (HQmedPb = 1.1; HQmedCd = 1.37; HQmedAs = 1.39). Conclusion. To prevent the morbidity rate in infants due to chemical contamination of food products, it is necessary to support breastfeeding, strict compliance with the terms of introduction and volume of complementary foods, and training in health education for medical students in accordance with the requirements of professional standards. Key words: infants, food products, toxic elements","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67716651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-41-50
Ya.R. Khizhak, A. A. Komarova, P. Shumilov, E. Sarkisyan, T.G. Demyanova, O. Khandamirova
Joubert syndrome is a rare hereditary ciliopathy classically characterized by a triad of clinical symptoms: irregular breathing, hypotonia, and developmental delay. Possible manifestations may also include polycystic kidney disease, congenital hepatic fibrosis, retinal dystrophy, and musculoskeletal anomalies such as polydactyly and skeletal dysplasia. The incidence of Joubert syndrome in childhood is 1:55,000–200,000. The presence of the “molar tooth sign” on brain MRI is a required diagnostic criterion. To date, about 40 genes have been identified, mutations in which explain more than 90% of Joubert syndrome cases. This article presents current multidisciplinary approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients with this pathology in order to initiate timely and proper correction and improve outcomes. Key words: Joubert syndrome, ciliopathy, molar tooth sign, cerebellar hypoplasia, facial dysmorphism, ataxia, motor disorders, retina, kidneys, liver
{"title":"Current approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients with Joubert syndrome","authors":"Ya.R. Khizhak, A. A. Komarova, P. Shumilov, E. Sarkisyan, T.G. Demyanova, O. Khandamirova","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-41-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-41-50","url":null,"abstract":"Joubert syndrome is a rare hereditary ciliopathy classically characterized by a triad of clinical symptoms: irregular breathing, hypotonia, and developmental delay. Possible manifestations may also include polycystic kidney disease, congenital hepatic fibrosis, retinal dystrophy, and musculoskeletal anomalies such as polydactyly and skeletal dysplasia. The incidence of Joubert syndrome in childhood is 1:55,000–200,000. The presence of the “molar tooth sign” on brain MRI is a required diagnostic criterion. To date, about 40 genes have been identified, mutations in which explain more than 90% of Joubert syndrome cases. This article presents current multidisciplinary approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients with this pathology in order to initiate timely and proper correction and improve outcomes. Key words: Joubert syndrome, ciliopathy, molar tooth sign, cerebellar hypoplasia, facial dysmorphism, ataxia, motor disorders, retina, kidneys, liver","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67717190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2022-3-40-50
E. Pavlovskaya, A. I. Zubovich, T. Strokova
Rheumatic diseases in children are accompanied by a high risk of various nutritional status disorders. Children with this condition are most often diagnosed with growth retardation, overweight or obesity, bone diseases and sarcopenia, which develop against the background of chronic inflammation, aggressive pharmacological treatment and prolonged hypodynamia. In the absence of timely diagnosis and correction, nutritional disorders can have a negative impact on the severity and duration of the disease, reducing the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment and the quality of life of patients. Standard methods for assessing nutritional status, including body composition evaluation, should be part of the clinical monitoring program for rheumatic diseases in children, and prompt initiation of individual diet therapy or nutritional support will minimize the negative impact of these factors on the health of patients. Key words: rheumatic diseases, juvenile osteoarthritis, nutrition, nutritional status
{"title":"Nutritional disorders in children with rheumatic diseases and opportunities for their correction","authors":"E. Pavlovskaya, A. I. Zubovich, T. Strokova","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2022-3-40-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-3-40-50","url":null,"abstract":"Rheumatic diseases in children are accompanied by a high risk of various nutritional status disorders. Children with this condition are most often diagnosed with growth retardation, overweight or obesity, bone diseases and sarcopenia, which develop against the background of chronic inflammation, aggressive pharmacological treatment and prolonged hypodynamia. In the absence of timely diagnosis and correction, nutritional disorders can have a negative impact on the severity and duration of the disease, reducing the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment and the quality of life of patients. Standard methods for assessing nutritional status, including body composition evaluation, should be part of the clinical monitoring program for rheumatic diseases in children, and prompt initiation of individual diet therapy or nutritional support will minimize the negative impact of these factors on the health of patients. Key words: rheumatic diseases, juvenile osteoarthritis, nutrition, nutritional status","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":"59 34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67715876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2022-5-53-65
T. Saprina, E. Loshkova, Y. Rafikova, T. S. Lyulka, L. V. Kim, V. K. Prudnikova, V. Zhelev, E. A. Bozhenko, G. N. Yankina, A. Terentyeva, A. S. Bushmanova, O. B. Anfinogenova
The description of risk factors for disorders of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and vitamin D metabolism in preterm infants with very low and extremely low birth weight seems highly relevant today. Patients in this category often develop metabolic bone disease (osteopenia of prematurity). The search for highly specific and early clinical, metabolic, and genetic markers is necessary for timely diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of this disease. This review analyzes the associations of a certain VDR genotype with preterm birth and related complications, particularly with disorders of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. The data are presented on the effect of VDR genetic variants not only on clinical signs, but also on various links in the pathogenesis of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis disorders in women who gave birth to preterm infants very low and extremely low birth weight and in their children. Key words: vitamin D, C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (Betta-Cross-Laps), metabolic bone disease, prematurity, very low birth weight, extremely low birth weight, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, fibroblast growth factor (FGF23)
{"title":"Risk factors for metabolic bone disease (osteopenia of prematurity) in preterm infants with very low and extremely low birth weight","authors":"T. Saprina, E. Loshkova, Y. Rafikova, T. S. Lyulka, L. V. Kim, V. K. Prudnikova, V. Zhelev, E. A. Bozhenko, G. N. Yankina, A. Terentyeva, A. S. Bushmanova, O. B. Anfinogenova","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2022-5-53-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-5-53-65","url":null,"abstract":"The description of risk factors for disorders of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and vitamin D metabolism in preterm infants with very low and extremely low birth weight seems highly relevant today. Patients in this category often develop metabolic bone disease (osteopenia of prematurity). The search for highly specific and early clinical, metabolic, and genetic markers is necessary for timely diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of this disease. This review analyzes the associations of a certain VDR genotype with preterm birth and related complications, particularly with disorders of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. The data are presented on the effect of VDR genetic variants not only on clinical signs, but also on various links in the pathogenesis of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis disorders in women who gave birth to preterm infants very low and extremely low birth weight and in their children. Key words: vitamin D, C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (Betta-Cross-Laps), metabolic bone disease, prematurity, very low birth weight, extremely low birth weight, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, fibroblast growth factor (FGF23)","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67716705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2022-5-5-15
A. Vashura, I. Borodina, A. Khavkin, Y. Alymova, T. Kovtun, S. Lukina
Objective. To study the prevalence of nutritional status (NS) disorders and possible factors affecting these processes in children with central nervous system (CNS) tumors who underwent anti-tumor therapy. Patients and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from 109 patients aged 8 to 17 years (42.2% of boys) was performed, of whom 57.8% had malignant tumors (MT) of the CNS and 42.2% had benign tumors (BT). The post-treatment period was 1 to 58 months. The body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), dietary composition, and endocrine disorders (growth hormone (GH) deficiency and hypothyroidism) were examined. Results. BMI was within the reference range in 54.1% of children, normal body composition was revealed in 29.4%. GH deficiency was found in 27.5% of children, and excess body fat in 43.1%. BMI (p = 0.009) and FFMI (p = 0.011) were lower in children with MT than in children with BT. In children with the post-treatment period of 2 to 5 years, BMI was higher (p = 0.041). Patients with MT were more likely to have GH deficiency (p = 0.016), the frequency of hypothyroidism did not differ in children with MT and BT. A direct association was found between the frequency of intake of dairy, fermented dairy, combination of dairy and meat dishes and the value of FFMI, pasta combined with meat or sausage products and FMI, and an inverse association between FFMI and intake of sugar products. Conclusions. In children with CNS tumors, nutritional disorders are common after anti-tumor therapy that do not tend to improve over time. Measuring BMI alone is not sufficient to assess nutritional status. Dietary disturbances in a significant proportion of patients provide grounds for dietary correction in practice. Key words: children, brain tumors, long-term outcomes, nutritional status, body composition, nutrition
{"title":"Nutritional status and factors affecting it in children with central nervous system tumors after anti-tumor therapy: a retrospective analysis","authors":"A. Vashura, I. Borodina, A. Khavkin, Y. Alymova, T. Kovtun, S. Lukina","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2022-5-5-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-5-5-15","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To study the prevalence of nutritional status (NS) disorders and possible factors affecting these processes in children with central nervous system (CNS) tumors who underwent anti-tumor therapy. Patients and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from 109 patients aged 8 to 17 years (42.2% of boys) was performed, of whom 57.8% had malignant tumors (MT) of the CNS and 42.2% had benign tumors (BT). The post-treatment period was 1 to 58 months. The body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), dietary composition, and endocrine disorders (growth hormone (GH) deficiency and hypothyroidism) were examined. Results. BMI was within the reference range in 54.1% of children, normal body composition was revealed in 29.4%. GH deficiency was found in 27.5% of children, and excess body fat in 43.1%. BMI (p = 0.009) and FFMI (p = 0.011) were lower in children with MT than in children with BT. In children with the post-treatment period of 2 to 5 years, BMI was higher (p = 0.041). Patients with MT were more likely to have GH deficiency (p = 0.016), the frequency of hypothyroidism did not differ in children with MT and BT. A direct association was found between the frequency of intake of dairy, fermented dairy, combination of dairy and meat dishes and the value of FFMI, pasta combined with meat or sausage products and FMI, and an inverse association between FFMI and intake of sugar products. Conclusions. In children with CNS tumors, nutritional disorders are common after anti-tumor therapy that do not tend to improve over time. Measuring BMI alone is not sufficient to assess nutritional status. Dietary disturbances in a significant proportion of patients provide grounds for dietary correction in practice. Key words: children, brain tumors, long-term outcomes, nutritional status, body composition, nutrition","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67716679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-81-87
A. Kamalova, A. R. Gayfutdinova, E. Safina, N.S. Polyakov, R. Nizamova, A. E. Khomyakov
According to current clinical guidelines, exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is an effective and preferred treatment for inducing remission in children with Crohn’s disease (CD), except in cases of severe pancolitis, isolated oral or perianal lesions, stenotic and fistulous forms. This article presents our own clinical experience with EEN in a child with newly diagnosed CD. The combined use of EEN with Modulen IBD formula helped to achieve clinical remission (abdominal pain regression, nutritional status improvement) and reduce laboratory and endoscopic activity. The experience of using EEN in Russia is limited due its low availability and difficulties in achieving compliance. Nevertheless, the possibility of using EEN deserves attention because of its benefits: a lower risk of side effects, faster healing of the intestinal mucosa, a favorable effect on nutritional status and course of the disease. Key words: Crohn’s disease, exclusive enteral nutrition
{"title":"Clinical case of using exclusive enteral nutrition for remission induction in a child with Crohn’s disease","authors":"A. Kamalova, A. R. Gayfutdinova, E. Safina, N.S. Polyakov, R. Nizamova, A. E. Khomyakov","doi":"10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-81-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-6-81-87","url":null,"abstract":"According to current clinical guidelines, exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is an effective and preferred treatment for inducing remission in children with Crohn’s disease (CD), except in cases of severe pancolitis, isolated oral or perianal lesions, stenotic and fistulous forms. This article presents our own clinical experience with EEN in a child with newly diagnosed CD. The combined use of EEN with Modulen IBD formula helped to achieve clinical remission (abdominal pain regression, nutritional status improvement) and reduce laboratory and endoscopic activity. The experience of using EEN in Russia is limited due its low availability and difficulties in achieving compliance. Nevertheless, the possibility of using EEN deserves attention because of its benefits: a lower risk of side effects, faster healing of the intestinal mucosa, a favorable effect on nutritional status and course of the disease. Key words: Crohn’s disease, exclusive enteral nutrition","PeriodicalId":53444,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Detskoi Dietologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67717279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.20953/1727-5784-2022-2-17-28
O. Titova, N. Taran, A.V. A.V.Keleynikova, E.V. E.V.Pavlovskaya, A.I. A.I.Zubovich, M.E. M.E.Bagaeva, T.V. T.V.Strokova
Objective. To assess the nutritional status, dietary intake, and effectiveness of nutritional support in children with infantile cerebral palsy (ICP) receiving gastrostomy tube feeding. Patients and methods. The study included 46 children with spastic ICP between 2 and 18 years of age. All children belonged to GMFCS level V and were fed by gastrostomy tube. Nutritional status, energy and macronutrient intake were evaluated. Body composition was determined by caliperometry (n = 46) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (bioimpedanceometry) (n = 18). Considering the disorders revealed, specialized formulas for enteral feeding were introduced into the diet. To assess the effectiveness of diet therapy, we observed 14 children for 6–9 months. Results. Weight loss was detected in 33 (71.7%) children: 14 (30.4%) children had mild weight loss, 1 (2.2%) child had moderate weight loss and 18 (39.1%) children had severe weight loss. Growth delay was observed in 5 (10.9%) children, in 3 (6.5%) of them the degree of delay appeared more severe. Protein-energy malnutrition by 17–50% from the recommended norm was detected in all children: all children had carbohydrate deficiency and 37 (80.4%) children had protein and fat deficiency. In the observational period against the background of diet therapy there were statistically significant positive dynamics of weight and height parameters, an increase in body fat mass (2.4 [1.6; 5.3] kg and 3.3 [1.3; 4.6] kg at the beginning and at the end of observation) and phase angle values (3.9 [3.5; 4.4] and 5.0 [3.6; 5.6], respectively); a decrease in body cell mass and skeletal muscle mass was revealed. Conclusion. The diet of children with ICP should meet their individual needs and correspond to their functional abilities. Key words: infantile cerebral palsy, gastrostomy, motor activity level, weight loss, nutritional support
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