Psychology of Sport and Exercise最新文献_第3页

Translating physical activity intentions into behavior in adults with overweight/obesity: The role of daily stressors and stress pile-up 超重/肥胖成人的体育活动意向转化为行为：日常压力源和压力堆积的作用。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103053

Jimikaye B. Courtney , Aiden J. Chauntry , Paschal Sheeran

Purpose

Research shows an inconsistent association between psychological stress and physical activity (PA), which may be due to not considering the type of stress (daily stressors vs. accumulated daily stressors [i.e., stress pile-up]) and the role of PA intentions in PA behavior. This study investigated whether daily stressful experiences or stress pile-up moderate within-person associations between daily PA intentions and PA behavior.

Methods

Adults with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m² wore an activPAL for 21 days to measure moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and completed morning diaries about PA intentions and evening diaries about stressful experiences. Two-part multilevel models tested within-person interactions between intentions, daily stress experiences and stress pile-up (stressor frequency, intensity, negative affect) across 21 days on odds and volume of MVPA.

Results

Participants (N = 91, M_age = 30.7 ± 6.5, 58 % female, 72 % White) experienced stressors on 32 % of days. On days with stronger intentions, participants had 49 % higher odds of doing MVPA and spent 26 % more time in MVPA (ps < 0.001). After adjusting for multiple comparisons, stress pile-up, but not daily stress experiences, moderated PA intention-behavior associations. Intentions were associated with time in MVPA when people experienced fewer than 10 stressors or stress intensity pile-up was less than 25.7 points but not when pile-up was higher (PR_interaction = 0.98 and 0.99, respectively).

Conclusions

Stress pile-up undermined the translation of PA intentions into behavior. This could promote a negative reinforcement cycle with stress pile-up reducing PA participation and reduced PA exacerbating people's stress responses. Effective stress-management could interrupt this cycle to promote better health.

目的：研究表明心理压力与身体活动（PA）之间存在不一致的关联，这可能是由于没有考虑到压力的类型（日常压力源与累积的日常压力源[即压力堆积]）以及PA意图在PA行为中的作用。本研究调查了日常压力经历或压力堆积是否会调节日常PA意图和PA行为之间的人际关系。方法：体重指数≥25 kg/m2的成年人佩戴活动pal 21天，测量中高强度PA (MVPA)，并完成PA意图的早晨日记和压力经历的晚上日记。两部分多层次模型测试了21天内意图，日常压力经历和压力堆积（压力源频率，强度，负面影响）对MVPA几率和体积的相互作用。结果：参与者（N=91，性别=30.7±6.5，女性58%，白人72%）在32%的天数中经历过压力源。在意图更强的日子里，参与者做MVPA的几率高出49%，花在MVPA上的时间高出26% （psinteraction分别=0.98和0.99）。结论：应激堆积破坏了PA意向向行为的转化。这可能会促进一个负强化循环，压力堆积减少了PA的参与，PA的减少加剧了人们的压力反应。有效的压力管理可以打破这种循环，促进健康。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating bidirectional within- and between-person associations between daily anxiety and physical activity participation 调查日常焦虑与体育活动参与之间的双向人际关系。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103027

John B. Garcia , Zachary Yukio Kerr , Emily M. Kyaw , Jimikaye B. Courtney

Purpose

This study investigated the bidirectional within- and between-person associations between daily PA participation and anxiety.

Methods

A convenience sample of overweight/obese adults (N = 91; Mean age: 30.7 ± 6.5) were recruited from a university in the southeastern U.S. Participants completed a 21-day intensive longitudinal study, wearing the activPAL4 continuously and completing two daily surveys. Participants reported momentary anxiety using three items from the PROMIS during the morning and evening surveys, and self-reported leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and strength training during the evening survey. Multi-level dynamic structural equation models with Bayesian estimation examined the within- and between-person associations between anxiety and PA (device-measured MVPA, leisure-time MVPA, strength training).

Results

When examining associations between daily PA and evening anxiety, a between-person association indicated that participants with higher average leisure-time MVPA reported lower average evening anxiety (b = -1.60, 95 % Credibility Interval [CrI]: 2.63, −0.54). When examining associations between morning anxiety and PA, a between-person association indicated that greater average morning anxiety was associated with less time spent in leisure-time MVPA (IRR = 0.87, 95 % CrI: 0.79, 0.96). There were no significant within-person associations between daily PA and evening anxiety or morning anxiety and PA. Conclusions: Although the findings do not support a bidirectional association between anxiety and PA, they suggest that greater average time spent in leisure-time MVPA may reduce average anxiety and may support greater leisure-time MVPA engagement. Our results highlight the potential for leisure-time MVPA to serve as an adjunctive therapy alongside traditional treatment approaches to support lower overall anxiety levels.

目的：本研究探讨日常PA参与与焦虑之间的双向关系。方法：从美国东南部的一所大学招募了超重/肥胖成年人（N=91，平均年龄：30.7±6.5），参与者完成了21天的强化纵向研究，持续佩戴activPAL4并完成两次每日调查。参与者在早上和晚上的调查中使用PROMIS中的三个项目报告短暂焦虑，并在晚上的调查中自我报告休闲时间的中高强度PA （MVPA）和力量训练。采用贝叶斯估计的多层次动态结构方程模型检验了焦虑与心压（装置测量的MVPA、休闲时间MVPA、力量训练）之间的人际关系。结果：当研究日常生活压力与夜间焦虑之间的关系时，人与人之间的关联表明，平均休闲时间MVPA较高的参与者报告的平均夜间焦虑较低（b =-1.60, 95%可信区间[CrI]: -2.63, -0.54）。当检查早晨焦虑与PA之间的关系时，人与人之间的关联表明，平均早晨焦虑越大，休闲时间MVPA花费的时间越少（IRR = 0.87, 95% CrI: 0.79, 0.96）。每日PA与晚间焦虑或早晨焦虑与PA之间没有显著的个人内部关联。结论：虽然研究结果不支持焦虑与行为干预之间的双向关联，但它们表明，在休闲时间MVPA中花费更长的平均时间可能会减少平均焦虑，并可能支持更多的休闲时间MVPA参与。我们的研究结果强调了休闲时间MVPA作为传统治疗方法的辅助治疗的潜力，以支持降低整体焦虑水平。

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引用次数: 0

A randomized controlled trial of school-based exercise on procrastination in high school students: The mediating role of adolescence time management disposition 校本练习对高中生拖延症的影响：青少年时间管理倾向的中介作用。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103056

Guangxin Li , Yueming Zhao , Zhanjia Zhang , Huanhuan Wei , Kuo Xu , Xin Zhang , Shilun Hou

Objective

This study explored the effects of different physical training programs on the procrastination behavior and time management ability in male high school students, while investigating the mediating role of time management disposition, to establish school-based exercise interventions for improving adolescent procrastination behavior and time management ability.

Methods

Seventy-seven 11th-grade male students were randomly assigned to four groups: traditional training (Group I), strength training (Group II), HIIT training (Group III), and strength + HIIT training (Group IV). At the points before and after the intervention, the General Procrastination Scale (GPS) and Adolescence Time Management Disposition Scale (ATMD) were measured as indicators of the procrastination behavior and time management ability of students in senior high school, and the intervention effects of 12-week different schemes were compared.

Results

After the intervention, Groups II, III, and IV showed significant reductions in GPS scores, while Group I (traditional training) showed an increase. ATMD scores improved significantly in Groups II, III, and IV, with Group IV demonstrating the largest gains. Similar patterns were observed across ATMD subscales, particularly for sense of time value. Mediation analysis indicated that ATMD partially mediated the effect of physical training on procrastination (ab = 0.547, 95 % CI [0.11, 1.16]), accounting for 25 % of the total effect.

Conclusion

Structured physical training—particularly combined strength + HIIT—effectively reduced procrastination and enhanced time management in adolescents, with time management disposition serving as a partial mediator. These findings highlight the potential of targeted exercise programs to improve procrastination and time management in educational settings.

目的：探讨不同体育训练方案对男高中生拖延行为和时间管理能力的影响，同时考察时间管理倾向的中介作用，建立改善青少年拖延行为和时间管理能力的校本运动干预措施。方法：将77名11年级男生随机分为传统训练组（I组）、力量训练组（II组）、HIIT训练组（III组）和力量+HIIT训练组（IV组）。在干预前后分别以《普通拖延量表》（GPS）和《青少年时间管理倾向量表》（ATMD）作为高中生拖延行为和时间管理能力的指标，比较12周不同干预方案的干预效果。结果：干预后，II组、III组和IV组的GPS评分明显降低，而I组（传统训练）的GPS评分则有所提高。第二组、第三组和第四组的ATMD评分均有显著改善，其中第四组的改善最大。在ATMD的各个子量表中也观察到类似的模式，特别是在时间价值感方面。中介分析表明，ATMD部分中介了体育锻炼对拖延症的影响（ab=0.547, 95% CI[0.11, 1.16]），占总效应的25%。结论：有组织的体育训练，特别是力量+ hiit的结合，可以有效地减少青少年的拖延症，增强时间管理，时间管理倾向是部分中介。这些发现强调了有针对性的锻炼计划在改善教育环境中的拖延症和时间管理方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

The association between trait mindfulness and mental fatigue-related neurocognitive function and endurance performance in athletes 特质正念与运动员精神疲劳相关的神经认知功能和耐力表现之间的关系

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103037

Jui-Ti Nien , Yan-Fei Weng , Chueh-Yin Chen , Yun-Rui Yang , Wei-Chiun Wu , Yu-Hsiang Nien , Yu-Kai Chang

Purpose

The present study aims to examine whether trait mindfulness in athletes is associated with impairments in neurocognitive function and endurance performance resulting from mental fatigue.

Methods

Ninety athletes aged 18–25 years were recruited and categorized into higher trait mindfulness (HM, n = 27), intermediate trait mindfulness (IM, n = 35), and lower trait mindfulness (LM, n = 28). Participants completed the two sessions using a counterbalanced design, in which the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) was administered for mental fatigue session (MF; incongruent SCWT) and a control session (CON; congruent SCWT). Following SCWT, behavioral and neuroelectric outcomes of neurocognitive function were measured using Flanker task with electroencephalography recording. Endurance performance outcomes were measured using the graded exercise test (GXT). Task motivation and mood states were assessed as secondary outcome.

Results

HM showed higher accuracy on incongruent Flanker trials following the SCWT than LM. The HM and IM showed similar time to exhaustion in GXT between MF and CON, whereas LM showed shorter time to exhaustion and increased negative mood states in the MF.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that higher trait mindfulness is associated with better inhibitory control following a prior cognitive task, and less susceptible to mental fatigue-related impairments in endurance performance and mood among athletes, highlighting the value of trait mindfulness under mental fatigue.

目的探讨运动员正念特质是否与精神疲劳导致的神经认知功能和耐力表现受损有关。方法选取90名年龄在18 ~ 25岁的运动员，分为高特质正念组（HM, n = 27）、中级特质正念组（IM, n = 35）和低特质正念组（LM, n = 28）。参与者使用平衡设计完成了两个测试，其中对精神疲劳测试（MF；不一致SCWT）和对照测试（CON；一致SCWT）进行了Stroop颜色和单词测试（SCWT）。SCWT结束后，采用侧卫任务和脑电图记录测量神经认知功能的行为和神经电结果。耐力表现结果采用分级运动试验（GXT）测量。任务动机和情绪状态被评估为次要结果。结果在SCWT后的不一致侧卫试验中，shm的准确率高于LM。在MF和CON之间，大鼠和IM在GXT中表现出相似的疲劳时间，而大鼠在MF中表现出更短的疲劳时间和增加的负性情绪状态。结论较高的特质正念与较好的前一项认知任务后抑制控制相关，且不易受到与精神疲劳相关的耐力表现和情绪损害的影响，突出了特质正念在精神疲劳下的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Memory of affective responses to physical activity (study 1) and a pilot intervention to reduce negative memory bias (study 2) in adults with overweight or obesity 超重或肥胖成人对体育活动的情感反应记忆（研究1）和减少负性记忆偏差（研究2）的试点干预。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103028

Kathryn E. Demos-McDermott , Katrina M. Oselinsky , Shira I. Dunsiger , David M. Williams , Rena R. Wing , Jessica L. Unick

Background

Automatic, affective processing of exercise can influence exercise behavior. Study 1 compared regular exercisers (≥150 min/wk) and non-exercisers (<30 min/wk) on affective responses, memory of these responses, and anticipated response to future exercise. Study 2 pilot-tested a brief intervention for non-exercisers to improve exercise-related affect and memory bias (i.e., discrepancy between remembered and experienced affect).

Methods

59 weight-loss seeking individuals with overweight/obesity (Age = 47.1 ± 10.3 years; BMI = 32.1 ± 3.3 kg/m²; 79.7 % Female; 91.5 % White) completed two sessions of moderate-intensity walking for 30 min. Participants reported anticipated affect prior to exercise and affective response before, during, and after exercise. On days 1, 3, and 7 following the exercise session, remembered affect was assessed to determine possible memory bias. In Study 2, the non-exercisers were randomly assigned to an affect-based intervention (n = 15) or comparator condition (n = 15) and completed a third exercise session.

Results

In Study 1, negative memory bias was present in both exercisers and non-exercisers, but was greater among non-exercisers (p = 0.04). For both groups, remembered affect more closely resembled post-exercise affect (versus ‘during’; p = 0.001). Exercisers anticipated feeling better during exercise compared to non-exercisers (p = 0.002), with a similar trend for anticipated ‘post-exercise’ affect (p = 0.073). In Study 2, non-exercisers receiving the affect-based intervention demonstrated significantly less memory bias (p = 0.04) and more positive affect post-exercise (p = 0.05). Conclusions: Both exercisers and non-exercisers experienced negative memory bias toward prior exercise, which was greater in non-exercisers. A pilot intervention to reduce negative memory bias and improve exercise-related affect among non-exercisers showed promise, warranting further study of these novel intervention targets.

背景：运动的自动情感加工可以影响运动行为。研究1比较了常规锻炼者（≥150分钟/周）和非锻炼者(方法：59名超重/肥胖寻求减肥的个体（年龄=47.1±10.3岁；BMI=32.1±3.3kg/m2； 79.7%女性；91.5%白人）完成了两次30分钟的中等强度步行。参与者报告了运动前的预期影响以及运动前、运动中和运动后的情感反应。在锻炼后的第1、3和7天，对记忆影响进行评估，以确定可能的记忆偏差。在研究2中，不锻炼的人被随机分配到基于情感的干预组（n=15）或比较组（n=15），并完成第三次锻炼。结果：在研究1中，运动者和非运动者均存在负性记忆偏差，但非运动者的负性记忆偏差更大（p=0.04）。对于两组人来说，记忆中的情绪更接近于运动后的情绪（与运动中相比；p=0.001）。与非锻炼者相比，锻炼者预期在运动期间感觉更好（p=0.002），预期“运动后”影响的趋势相似（p=0.073）。在研究2中，接受情感干预的非运动者在运动后表现出更少的记忆偏差（p=0.04）和更多的积极情绪（p=0.05）。结论：锻炼者和非锻炼者对之前的运动都有负性记忆偏差，非锻炼者的负性记忆偏差更大。一项旨在减少非锻炼者负性记忆偏差和改善运动相关影响的试点干预显示出希望，值得对这些新的干预目标进行进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

A multi-disciplinary team perspective of understanding and supporting athlete mental health and illness in elite sport 理解和支持精英运动中运动员心理健康和疾病的多学科团队视角。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103055

Erin Prior, Anthony Papathomas, Daniel Rhind

A multi-disciplinary approach is considered best practice when supporting athlete mental health and illness within elite sport. However, research is yet to explore how multi-disciplinary teams operate in this area. This study explores how multi-disciplinary team staff understand mental health and illness and how they negotiate the interpersonal dynamics and tensions of a multi-disciplinary approach to supporting athletes. We conducted five focus groups with a total of 19 participants across a range of professions, including: sport psychologists (n = 6); coaches (n = 4); physiotherapists (n = 2); performance lifestyle advisors (n = 2); clinical psychologists (n = 2); player care managers (n = 2); and a doctor (n = 1). Eight hours of data were collected, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. We constructed three primary themes: 1) an (over)medicalised understanding of athlete mental health concerns; 2) division within multi-disciplinary teams; and 3) tensions when negotiating confidentiality. Staff showed an over-medicalised understanding of mental health and illness and expressed uncertainty in recognising and supporting sub-clinical mental health concerns. Participants spoke of the divide between coaching staff and science and medicine staff and suggested diverging priorities surrounding mental health and performance. Negotiating confidentiality was a challenge for multi-disciplinary teams, with mental health information guarded by some staff, leaving other staff feeling isolated. However, it was acknowledged that some mental health information must be withheld from coaches due to mental illness stigma. Guidance regarding sub-clinical concerns and the handling of confidential mental health information within multi-disciplinary teams should be developed to encourage effective collaboration within sporting organisations.

在精英运动中支持运动员心理健康和疾病时，多学科方法被认为是最佳实践。然而，研究还没有探索多学科团队如何在这一领域运作。本研究探讨了多学科团队工作人员如何理解心理健康和疾病，以及他们如何协商人际动态和多学科方法支持运动员的紧张关系。我们进行了五个焦点小组，共有19名参与者，他们来自不同的职业，包括：运动心理学家（n = 6）；教练员（n = 4）；物理治疗师（n = 2）；绩效生活方式顾问（n = 2）；临床心理学家（n = 2）；球员护理经理（n = 2）；医生（n = 1）。收集了8小时的数据，逐字转录，并使用反身性主题分析进行分析。我们构建了三个主要主题：1)对运动员心理健康问题的（过度）医学化理解；2)多学科团队内部分工；3)保密谈判时的紧张气氛。工作人员对心理健康和疾病表现出过度医学化的理解，并表示在识别和支持亚临床心理健康问题方面存在不确定性。与会者谈到了教练组与科学和医学人员之间的分歧，并建议围绕心理健康和表现的不同优先事项。谈判保密对多学科团队来说是一项挑战，一些工作人员会保守心理健康信息，使其他工作人员感到孤立。然而，人们承认，由于精神疾病的耻辱，必须向教练隐瞒一些心理健康信息。应该制定关于亚临床问题和在多学科团队中处理保密心理健康信息的指导，以鼓励体育组织内部的有效合作。

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引用次数: 0

Mindfulness during exercise and its effects on affective responses: a systematic review and meta-analysis with implications for exercise behavior 运动中的正念及其对情感反应的影响：对运动行为影响的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103054

Jiao Liu , Wen-Jing Liu , Yue Qiu , Zhi-Xiong Mao

Affective experiences play a central role in sustaining exercise participation, and mindfulness-based approaches have been proposed to enhance these experiences by promoting greater awareness and acceptance during physical activity. This review synthesized current evidence on mindfulness-based exercise interventions that intentionally integrated mindfulness into movement (e.g., walking, running) to examine their effects on affective responses and exercise behavior. Seventeen studies met inclusion criteria for the systematic review, and 13 contributed to the meta-analysis. A three-level random-effects model showed a significant positive effect of mindfulness-based exercise interventions on affective responses (g = 0.41, 95 % CI [0.19, 0.63], p < .001). Moderator analyses indicated that baseline PA level significantly influenced outcomes, with greater benefits for highly active (b = 0.51, p < .001) and unspecified samples (b = 0.80, p < .001), whereas other moderators—including exercise intensity, duration, frequency, setting, control group type, and affect type—were not significant. Despite consistent positive effects on affective responses, the overall certainty of evidence was limited by methodological heterogeneity, small and homogeneous samples, and inconsistent operationalization of mindfulness. Most studies lacked preparatory training, manipulation checks, or control of individual differences such as trait mindfulness and prior meditation experience, constraining interpretability and generalizability. Moreover, few studies examined behavioral outcomes, leaving the mindfulness–affect–behavior pathway largely untested. Future research should employ more rigorous, theoretically grounded, and longitudinal designs to clarify how mindfulness shapes affective and behavioral adaptations to exercise.

情感体验在维持运动参与中发挥着核心作用，并且已经提出了基于正念的方法，通过在体育活动中促进更大的意识和接受来增强这些体验。本综述综合了以正念为基础的运动干预的现有证据，这些干预有意地将正念融入到运动中（如散步、跑步），以检查它们对情感反应和运动行为的影响。17项研究符合系统评价的纳入标准，13项研究用于荟萃分析。三水平随机效应模型显示，正念运动干预对情感反应有显著的积极影响（g = 0.41, 95% CI [0.19, 0.63], p < .001）。调节因子分析表明，基线PA水平显著影响结果，对高运动（b = 0.51, p < .001）和未指定样本（b = 0.80, p < .001）有更大的益处，而其他调节因子——包括运动强度、持续时间、频率、设置、对照组类型和影响类型——不显著。尽管对情感反应有一致的积极影响，但证据的总体确定性受到方法异质性、小而均匀的样本和不一致的正念操作化的限制。大多数研究缺乏预备训练、操作检查或个体差异的控制，如特质正念和先前的冥想经验，限制了可解释性和概括性。此外，很少有研究考察行为结果，这使得正念影响行为的途径在很大程度上未经检验。未来的研究应该采用更严格的、有理论基础的和纵向的设计来阐明正念如何塑造对锻炼的情感和行为适应。

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引用次数: 0

The explore-exploit trade-off in sports and exercise: a primer on empirical and computational approaches 体育和锻炼中的探索-利用权衡：经验和计算方法的入门。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103036

Katja Rewitz , Nicolas W. Schuck , Wanja Wolff

Sports and exercise require constant on-the-fly decision-making from professional athletes and recreational exercisers alike. In the final minutes of a game, a team may for instance face the choice of sticking with their current strategy, or surprising the opponents with a new approach. Such decisions can be framed in terms of an exploration-exploitation trade-off: the need to balance exploiting a certain outcome with the potentials and risks that come with trying out something new. The explore-exploit framework has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of decision-making across fields such as cognitive science, behavioral economics, and clinical psychology. However, its potential remains largely untapped in sports and exercise psychology, where it could provide valuable insights into decision-making processes, because in sports and exercise, decisions naturally occur in dynamic, uncertain environments with fluctuating rewards and inherent costs. We propose that integrating standardized computational decision-making paradigms to formally investigate the mechanisms underlying exploration-exploitation decisions in sport contexts is a promising approach for our field. Applying these paradigms can provide novel insights into how athletes and exercisers navigate high-stakes, dynamic environments, identifying the factors that shape exploration-exploitation strategies in athletic performance. These insights might enhance training methodologies, optimize decision-making under pressure, and deepen our understanding of human adaptability in complex environments. Furthermore, studying this trade-off in elite sports presents unique opportunities for basic research, offering a setting for examining the limits of human decision-making and the generalizability of cognitive models to peak performance settings.

运动和锻炼都需要专业运动员和休闲锻炼者不断地做出决策。例如，在比赛的最后几分钟，一支球队可能会面临选择，是坚持当前的策略，还是用新的方法让对手大吃一惊。这样的决定可以用探索与开发的权衡来定义：需要在开发某种结果与尝试新事物带来的潜力和风险之间取得平衡。探索-利用框架在促进我们对认知科学、行为经济学和临床心理学等领域的决策的理解方面发挥了重要作用。然而，它在体育和运动心理学方面的潜力在很大程度上仍未得到开发，它可以为决策过程提供有价值的见解，因为在体育和运动中，决策自然发生在动态的、不确定的环境中，奖励和固有成本波动不定。我们提出，整合标准化的计算决策范式来正式研究体育背景下探索开发决策的机制是我们领域的一种有前途的方法。应用这些范式可以为运动员和锻炼者如何驾驭高风险、动态的环境提供新的见解，并确定运动表现中形成探索利用策略的因素。这些见解可能会增强训练方法，优化压力下的决策，并加深我们对人类在复杂环境中的适应性的理解。此外，在精英体育运动中研究这种权衡为基础研究提供了独特的机会，为检查人类决策的局限性和认知模型在最佳表现环境中的普遍性提供了一个环境。

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引用次数: 0

A commentary on ‘The ecological dynamics of cognizant action in sport’ by Araújo et al. (2025) 对“体育运动中认知行动的生态动力学”的评论。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103031

Oliver R. Runswick

In the 25th anniversary issue of Psychology of Sport and Exercise, Araújo et al. (2025) offer a new theory of the ecological dynamics of cognizant action in sport. The approach builds on previous fundamental assumptions of ecological dynamics, where performance is conceptualised as the process of perceiving and acting, thereby avoiding the need for the brain as a mediator. The authors extend concepts of ecological dynamics with an increased focus on the intentionality of this process and the role of the performer's skill, suggesting that a skilled performer is someone who tends to consistently achieve the goal of a given task in a specific socio-cultural setting, and ‘performance’ is the process of perceiving and acting guided by intentionality that leads to a movement that achieves this skill under a given set of constraints. In this commentary, I aim to provide a concise summary of my understanding of what this theory of cognizant action adds to previous approaches, discuss the fundamental differences between this approach and others in the field, and how, despite these differences, it offers similar methodological implications. I offer some thoughts on how new technologies could be utilised to achieve these methodological goals and ultimately argue that theoretical debate and diverse perspectives may be a sign of a healthy field.

在《运动与运动心理学》25周年纪念刊上，Araújo等人（2025）提出了一种关于运动中认知行为的生态动力学的新理论。该方法建立在先前生态动力学的基本假设之上，其中行为被概念化为感知和行动的过程，从而避免了对大脑作为中介的需要。作者扩展了生态动力学的概念，增加了对这一过程的意向性和表演者技能的作用的关注，表明熟练的表演者是在特定的社会文化环境中倾向于始终如一地实现给定任务目标的人，而“表演”是在意向性的指导下感知和行动的过程，导致在给定的一组约束下实现这一技能的运动。在这篇评论中，我的目的是提供一个简明的总结，我对这种认知行为理论对以前的方法的理解，讨论这种方法与该领域其他方法之间的根本区别，以及尽管存在这些差异，它如何提供类似的方法含义。我提供了一些关于如何利用新技术来实现这些方法目标的想法，并最终认为理论辩论和多样化的观点可能是一个健康领域的标志。

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引用次数: 0

Competitive sport experience is associated with reduced off-field aggression and distinct functional brain connectivity 竞技体育经历与减少场外攻击和明显的功能性大脑连接有关。

IF 3.3 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.103051

Yujing Huang , Zhuofei Lin , Chenglin Zhou , Yingying Wang , Mengkai Luan

Background

While aggression has been widely studied in clinical and forensic contexts, its expression in healthy individuals, particularly athletes, is less well understood. Competitive sport experience may be linked to trait aggression through experience-related changes in large-scale brain networks, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective

This study aimed to examine whether long-term engagement in competitive athletics is associated with intrinsic functional connectivity related to trait aggression, focusing on off-field behaviors.

Methods

We combined group- and individual-level analyses to examine neural correlates of trait aggression in 84 athletes and 106 non-athletes. Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) was assessed using Network-Based Statistics (NBS) for group differences and Connectome-Based Predictive Modeling (CPM) to predict aggression traits from AQ-CV scores.

Results

Athletes scored lower on total aggression and four of the five subscales. NBS identified a widespread subnetwork of stronger connectivity in athletes, spanning nine brain networks. CPM revealed that total and physical aggression were predicted by distributed RSFC patterns, primarily negative associations across prefrontal, motor, and subcortical regions. Self-directed aggression was predicted by a smaller, more selective network. Notably, four overlapping edges linked NBS and CPM findings, connecting group-level differences to individual aggression variability.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that competitive sport experience is associated with distinct functional integration across brain systems involved in emotion regulation and motor control, which may underlie athletes’ reduced off-field aggression. This work provides novel insights into the neural basis of aggression in non-clinical populations and highlights the value of combining multilevel connectivity analyses.

背景：虽然攻击性在临床和法医环境中得到了广泛的研究，但其在健康个体，特别是运动员中的表达却鲜为人知。竞技体育经历可能通过大规模大脑网络的经验相关变化与特质攻击有关，但潜在的神经机制尚不清楚。目的：本研究旨在探讨长期参与竞技体育是否与特质攻击相关的内在功能连通性有关，重点研究场外行为。方法：对84名运动员和106名非运动员进行群体和个体水平的分析。静息状态功能连通性（RSFC）采用基于网络统计（NBS）的分组差异和基于连接体的预测模型（CPM）的攻击特征预测。结果：运动员在总攻击性和5个分量表中的4个分量表得分较低。NBS在运动员身上发现了一个更强连接的广泛子网络，横跨9个大脑网络。CPM结果显示，总的攻击行为和肢体攻击行为是由分布的RSFC模式预测的，主要是前额叶、运动和皮层下区域的负相关。自我导向攻击是由一个更小、更有选择性的网络预测的。值得注意的是，四个重叠的边缘将NBS和CPM的发现联系起来，将群体水平的差异与个体攻击变异性联系起来。结论：我们的研究结果表明，竞技体育经历与涉及情绪调节和运动控制的大脑系统的独特功能整合有关，这可能是运动员减少场外攻击的基础。这项工作为非临床人群的攻击行为的神经基础提供了新的见解，并强调了结合多层次连接分析的价值。

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引用次数: 0