Psychology of Sport and Exercise最新文献_第5页

Navigating athlete development in elite sport: Understanding the barriers to the provision of performance lifestyle service in England 在精英体育运动中引导运动员发展：了解英格兰提供运动生活方式服务的障碍。

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102779

Jane Holden , Christopher R.D. Wagstaff , Ross Wadey , Peter Brown

The English Performance Lifestyle (PL) service is a Career Assistance Program that aims to support British elite athletes in their holistic development throughout their time in elite sport to support their mental health and career prospects during and following their careers as athletes. Yet, despite the widespread existence and significant funding dedicated to this service, researchers have identified how it is often not fully embedded or used by sport organizations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to extend previous research by understanding the barriers to the provision of the PL service. Underpinned by ontological relativism and epistemological constructivism, 25 Performance Lifestyle Practitioners (PLPs) working in elite sport participated in a qualitative survey and focus groups. The data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Four themes were developed: There's a Mountain to Climb, It's a Crowded Train, You Need an Elevator Pitch and A Seat at the Performance Table. These themes highlight the barriers PLPs face in supporting athletes with their growth and development during their athletic career. The results offer unique insight into PLPs' roles and the challenges they encounter. As such, we offer practical implications including the importance of organizational support, encouraging athletes to develop a multidimensional identity and a variety of narratives that would offer athletes and practitioners another way to be in elite sport. We also offer recommendations for future research aimed at advancing the practice of PLPs to optimize support for elite athletes, such as including diverse perspectives and including both athlete and practitioner voice in the development of Career Assistance Programs.

英国的 "表现生活方式"（PL）服务是一项职业援助计划，旨在支持英国精英运动员在从事精英体育运动期间的全面发展，以支持他们在运动员生涯期间和之后的心理健康和职业前景。然而，尽管这项服务广泛存在并得到了大量的资金投入，但研究人员发现，体育组织往往没有充分嵌入或使用这项服务。因此，本研究的目的是通过了解提供 PL 服务的障碍来扩展之前的研究。在本体论相对主义和认识论建构主义的支持下，25 名从事精英体育运动的运动生活方式从业者（PLPs）参加了定性调查和焦点小组。采用反思性主题分析法对数据进行了分析。形成了四个主题：有一座山需要攀登、这是一列拥挤的火车、你需要一个电梯推销和一个表演桌旁的座位。这些主题突出了 PLP 在支持运动员在运动生涯中的成长和发展时所面临的障碍。研究结果为 PLPs 的角色和他们遇到的挑战提供了独特的见解。因此，我们提出了一些实际意义，包括组织支持的重要性、鼓励运动员发展多维身份以及为运动员和从业人员提供另一种精英体育方式的各种叙述。我们还为未来的研究提出了建议，旨在推动职业生涯规划师的实践，优化对精英运动员的支持，例如在制定职业生涯援助计划时纳入不同的视角，以及运动员和从业人员的声音。

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引用次数: 0

Expertise advantage of automatic prediction in visual motion representation is domain-general: A meta-analysis 视觉运动表示中自动预测的专业知识优势具有领域通用性：元分析

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102776

Tao Song, Mingzhu Ye, Gesi Teng, Weikun Zhang, Antao Chen

The expertise advantage denotes the superior perceptual-cognitive skills exhibited by experts. Nevertheless, the extent to which the expertise advantage influences automatic prediction in visual motion representation remains unclear. This meta-analysis aims to consolidate findings from various studies on the expertise advantage of automatic prediction in visual motion representation. We identified empirical research literature that measured expertise advantage of automatic prediction from the Web of Science (Core Collection), APA PsycInfo, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases. We identified 16 studies contributing 23 effect sizes from a pool of 1110 records. The standardized mean difference (Hedges’ g) was computed for the expertise advantage. The meta-analysis results reveal that, in comparison to novices, experts demonstrate superior automatic prediction in visual motion representation (Hedges' g = 0.73, 95% CI [0.54, 0.92]). Moderator analyses suggest that, when measuring the expertise advantage of automatic prediction, the effect size of the recall task is significantly larger than that of the recognition task. Other moderating variables did not exhibit significant moderating effects. These results suggest that the expertise advantage extends to automatic prediction in visual motion representation, and that this advantage is general, stable, and widespread.

专业知识优势指的是专家所表现出的卓越感知认知技能。然而，专业知识优势对视觉运动表征中自动预测的影响程度仍不清楚。本荟萃分析旨在整合有关视觉运动表征中自动预测的专业知识优势的各种研究结果。我们从 Web of Science（Core Collection）、APA PsycInfo、PubMed 和 Cochrane Library 数据库中找到了衡量自动预测的专业知识优势的实证研究文献。我们从 1110 条记录中确定了 16 项研究，贡献了 23 个效应大小。计算了专业知识优势的标准化平均差（Hedges'g）。荟萃分析结果表明，与新手相比，专家在视觉运动表象的自动预测方面更具优势（Hedges' g = 0.73，95% CI [0.54，0.92]）。调节变量分析表明，在测量自动预测的专业优势时，回忆任务的效应大小明显大于识别任务的效应大小。其他调节变量没有表现出明显的调节效应。这些结果表明，视觉运动表征中的自动预测也具有专业知识优势，而且这种优势具有普遍性、稳定性和广泛性。

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引用次数: 0

Do gender stereotype threats have a spillover effect on motor tasks among children? A mixed-model design investigation 性别刻板印象威胁会对儿童的运动任务产生溢出效应吗？混合模型设计调查

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102775

Seyyed Mohammadreza Mousavi , Sara Soltanifar

Objectives

The stereotype threat effect has captivated social and sports psychology researchers for over two decades. However, many questions remain unanswered. This research was designed to explore the spillover effects of stereotype threat in motor tasks.

Design

A mixed model design with within-between-subjects was utilized, with soccer performance and throwing scores serving as the dependent variables.

Method

Forty-two 10-year-old girls without mental or physical disabilities participated in the study and were randomly assigned into two groups: stereotype threat (ST) and nullified stereotype threat (NST). After measuring baseline performance in throwing and soccer tasks, the participants in the ST group received soccer-based stereotype induction. Afterwards, they performed 20 trials of soccer shooting. Half an hour later, the children were asked to perform 10 throws with the non-dominant hand.

Results

Our results indicated that inducing soccer-based stereotypes towards girls led to underperformance in soccer, however, this negative effect did not spill over onto subsequent task (i.e., throwing) which was unrelated to the induced stereotype.

Conclusions

Our finding regarding the stereotype threat spillover effect is novel and provides more insight into the range of effects of stereotype threat within the motor domain. The findings encourage the researcher to practice caution regarding the generalizability of the stereotype threat spillover effect, especially in motor tasks.

研究目的二十多年来，刻板印象威胁效应一直吸引着社会和运动心理学研究人员。然而，许多问题仍未得到解答。本研究旨在探索刻板印象威胁在运动任务中的溢出效应：设计：采用被试间混合模型设计，以足球成绩和投掷得分作为因变量：42名没有智力或身体残疾的10岁女孩参加了研究，并被随机分配到两组：刻板印象威胁组（ST）和消除刻板印象威胁组（NST）。在测量了投掷和足球任务的基线表现后，ST 组的参与者接受了基于足球的刻板印象诱导。之后，他们进行了 20 次足球射门试验。半小时后，要求孩子们用非惯用手进行 10 次投掷：结果：我们的研究结果表明，诱导对女孩的足球刻板印象会导致她们在足球比赛中表现不佳，然而，这种负面影响并没有蔓延到与诱导的刻板印象无关的后续任务（即投掷）中：我们关于刻板印象威胁溢出效应的发现很新颖，让我们对刻板印象威胁在运动领域的影响范围有了更深入的了解。研究结果鼓励研究人员谨慎对待刻板印象威胁溢出效应的普遍性，尤其是在运动任务中。

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引用次数: 0

“Change needs to start at home”: A reflexive thematic analysis of girl athletes' and coaches’ experiences of body image in New Delhi, India "改变需要从家庭开始"：对印度新德里女运动员和教练员身体形象经历的反思性专题分析》（A Reflexive Thematic Analysis of Girl Athletes' and Coaches' Experiences of Body Image in New Delhi, India）。

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102774

Mahira Budhraja , Jekaterina Schneider , Aline Tinoco , Preeti Khanna , Emily L. Matheson

Despite the physical, psychological, and social health benefits of sport participation, multiple barriers keep girls and women on the margins of sport in India. Further, body image concerns are implicated globally as a hindrance to sports engagement among adolescents but are rarely acknowledged in India. Due to a lack of research, the unique restrictions to sport participation faced by girls in India are yet to be understood. Drawing on the Sociocultural Theory of Body Image, this study explored the intersection of body image and sports from the perspectives of Indian athletes and coaches. Twelve athletes (girls aged 11–17 years; football n = 6, netball n = 6) and six coaches (football n = 3, netball n = 3) from New Delhi, India, participated in semi-structured focus groups. Reflexive thematic analysis was used and we formulated three themes: 1) “To Do What We Love, We Must Struggle”; 2) “What Will People Say?”; and 3) “Hold On To Your Power, Be You”. The themes provide a nuanced understanding of the experiences of athletes and coaches on and off the playing field. The findings shed light on several individual and systemic factors, such as harassment, societal norms, feelings of empowerment, and internalising appearance ideals, that impact girls’ engagement with sport in New Delhi, India. Methods to improve sports engagement, discrepancies between athlete and coach perspectives, and recommendations for sports organisations to combat body image concerns and improve sports uptake among girls in an Indian setting are discussed.

尽管参加体育运动对身体、心理和社会健康都有好处，但在印度，多重障碍使女孩和妇女处于体育运动的边缘。此外，对身体形象的担忧在全球范围内都被认为是青少年参与体育运动的障碍，但在印度却很少得到承认。由于缺乏研究，印度女孩参与体育运动所面临的独特限制尚待了解。本研究以身体形象的社会文化理论为基础，从印度运动员和教练员的角度探讨了身体形象与体育运动的交集。来自印度新德里的 12 名运动员（女孩，11-17 岁；足球 6 人，无挡板篮球 6 人）和 6 名教练（足球 3 人，无挡板篮球 3 人）参加了半结构化焦点小组。我们采用了反思性主题分析法，并制定了三个主题：1）"要做我们喜欢的事，我们必须奋斗"；2）"人们会怎么说？"；3）"坚持你的力量，做你自己"。这些主题为运动员和教练员在赛场内外的经历提供了细致入微的理解。研究结果揭示了影响印度新德里女孩参与体育运动的一些个人和系统性因素，如骚扰、社会规范、赋权感和外表理想的内化。研究还讨论了提高体育参与度的方法、运动员和教练员观点之间的差异，以及体育组织在印度环境下消除身体形象问题和提高女孩体育参与度的建议。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond the games: How sport-based social networks support illness self-management for organ transplant recipients 超越运动会：基于体育的社交网络如何支持器官移植受者的疾病自我管理。

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102772

Carl Bescoby , Gareth Wiltshire , Fiona Gillison , Rachel Arnold

For people living with a long-term health condition, it is important to engage in illness self-management to maintain both physical and psychosocial functioning. Illness self-management is now understood as a collective process whereby social networks can make a significant contribution to outcomes. This study investigated the role of sport-based social networks for illness self-management for organ transplant recipients. Sixteen participants completed 3 interviews each in the 12-months after attending a Transplant Games event for the first time. Using a qualitative social network mapping method, it was found that despite it being a relatively short sporting event, participants found it easy to gain an immediate sense of closeness to other Transplant Games participants due to their shared illness experiences. Indeed, being able to discuss ongoing health concerns with their new Transplant Games network meant that participants could avoid causing unnecessary anxiety for their close family and friends. Furthermore, two selected participant narratives illuminate that new relationships gained from attending the Transplant Games network can remain available over a 12- month period but this does not necessarily disrupt one's existing support network. Overall, this study emphasises the value of sport-based social support for individuals with long-term health conditions and deepens our understanding of how social networks contribute to psychosocial functioning.

对于长期处于健康状态的人来说，参与疾病自我管理对于保持身体和社会心理功能都很重要。现在，疾病自我管理被理解为一个集体过程，社会网络可对这一过程的结果做出重要贡献。本研究调查了体育社交网络在器官移植受者疾病自我管理中的作用。16 名参与者在首次参加移植运动会后的 12 个月内分别完成了 3 次访谈。通过定性社会网络映射法发现，尽管这是一个相对较短的体育赛事，但参与者发现，由于他们有共同的疾病经历，因此很容易与其他移植运动会参与者产生直接的亲近感。事实上，能够与他们新的移植运动会网络讨论当前的健康问题，意味着参与者可以避免给他们亲密的家人和朋友带来不必要的焦虑。此外，两名被选中的参与者的叙述表明，通过参加移植运动会获得的新关系网可以在 12 个月的时间内保持，但这并不一定会破坏一个人现有的支持网络。总之，这项研究强调了基于体育的社会支持对长期健康状况的个人的价值，并加深了我们对社会网络如何促进社会心理功能的理解。

{"title":"Beyond the games: How sport-based social networks support illness self-management for organ transplant recipients","authors":"Carl Bescoby , Gareth Wiltshire , Fiona Gillison , Rachel Arnold","doi":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For people living with a long-term health condition, it is important to engage in illness self-management to maintain both physical and psychosocial functioning. Illness self-management is now understood as a collective process whereby social networks can make a significant contribution to outcomes. This study investigated the role of sport-based social networks for illness self-management for organ transplant recipients. Sixteen participants completed 3 interviews each in the 12-months after attending a Transplant Games event for the first time. Using a qualitative social network mapping method, it was found that despite it being a relatively short sporting event, participants found it easy to gain an immediate sense of closeness to other Transplant Games participants due to their shared illness experiences. Indeed, being able to discuss ongoing health concerns with their new Transplant Games network meant that participants could avoid causing unnecessary anxiety for their close family and friends. Furthermore, two selected participant narratives illuminate that new relationships gained from attending the Transplant Games network can remain available over a 12- month period but this does not necessarily disrupt one's existing support network. Overall, this study emphasises the value of sport-based social support for individuals with long-term health conditions and deepens our understanding of how social networks contribute to psychosocial functioning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54536,"journal":{"name":"Psychology of Sport and Exercise","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 102772"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disentangling general and sport-specific risk factors for anxiety and depression in a mixed sample of athletes and non-athletes 在运动员和非运动员的混合样本中，区分焦虑和抑郁的一般风险因素和体育运动特定风险因素。

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102773

Chantal Van Landeghem, Lorna S. Jakobson

The present study was designed to assess whether competitive athletes and non-athletes differ in terms of certain personality traits linked to atypicalities in emotion awareness and regulation, and whether being an athlete accounts for unique variance in symptoms of anxiety and depression when these traits and exposure to childhood emotional abuse are held constant. In order to address these questions, we had 483 undergraduates (M_age = 19.7 years; 75.8% female), including 228 athletes and 255 non-athletes, complete self-report measures of personality (alexithymia, sensory processing sensitivity or SPS, and anxiety sensitivity or AS), exposure to emotional abuse in childhood, pandemic-related stress, anxiety, and depression. Recreational and elite athletes scored lower on SPS and depression than non-athletes, and recreational athletes also scored lower than non-athletes on AS. However, involvement in competitive sport did not predict depression or anxiety when other variables were controlled for. Alexithymia, AS, and childhood emotional abuse predicted depression, and SPS, AS, and childhood emotional abuse predicted anxiety. The same pattern was seen in a subgroup of athletes (n = 91) who had recently been coached, except that in this subgroup exposure to emotionally abusive coaching was found to be an additional risk factor for anxiety. These findings help to disentangle general and sport-specific risk factors for anxiety and depression and may have important implications for preventing and treating these problems in athletes and non-athletes alike.

本研究旨在评估竞技运动员和非运动员在某些人格特质方面是否存在差异，这些人格特质与情绪意识和调节方面的不典型性有关联，以及在这些人格特质和童年情绪虐待经历保持不变的情况下，作为运动员是否会导致焦虑和抑郁症状的独特差异。为了解决这些问题，我们让 483 名本科生（年龄 = 19.7 岁；75.8% 为女性）（包括 228 名运动员和 255 名非运动员）完成了有关人格（亚历山大症、感觉处理敏感性（SPS）和焦虑敏感性（AS））、童年遭受情感虐待的情况、与流行病相关的压力、焦虑和抑郁的自我报告测量。业余运动员和精英运动员在感觉处理敏感性和抑郁方面的得分低于非运动员，业余运动员在焦虑敏感性方面的得分也低于非运动员。然而，在控制其他变量的情况下，参与竞技体育并不能预测抑郁或焦虑。亚历山大症、AS 和童年情感虐待可预测抑郁，而 SPS、AS 和童年情感虐待可预测焦虑。同样的模式也出现在最近接受过教练指导的运动员亚组（n = 91）中，只不过在这个亚组中，受到情绪虐待的教练指导被认为是焦虑的额外风险因素。这些发现有助于区分焦虑症和抑郁症的一般风险因素和运动特异性风险因素，可能对预防和治疗运动员和非运动员的这些问题具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Cognitive dual-task does not annihilate the negative effects of gender stereotype threat on girls' motor learning 认知双重任务并不能消除性别刻板印象威胁对女孩运动学习的负面影响。

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102771

Esmaeel Saemi , Laura Gray , Sara Jalilinasab , Ebrahim Moteshareie , Maxime Deshayes

Stereotype threat, a key concept in social psychology, occurs when individuals fear they may confirm negative stereotypes about their social group (Steele, 1997). This phenomenon can significantly impair motor learning, particularly in children. Given the robust nature of stereotype threat, research it is now focused on mitigating these negative effects. According to the explicit monitoring hypothesis, it is suggested that distracting individual’s attention can lead to an annihilation of stereotype threat effects, however, to date, this hypothesis has not been examined in children. The present study examined the effect of stereotype threat in a dual task condition on children’s motor learning. One hundred and fifty girls (mean age = 10.96 ± .80 years) were randomly assigned into 3 groups; 1- explicit gender stereotype threat; 2- explicit gender stereotype threat + dual task; 3- control. The task consisted of a soccer-kicking task in which the participants had to score the most points by kicking the soccer ball towards the goals on the wall. This study included three phases; 1- pretest (10 trials); 2- practice phase (5 blocks of 10 trials); 3- retention test (10 trials). During the practice phase, the results indicated that participants in the control condition performed better (M = 1.46, SD = .19) than participants in the gender stereotype threat condition (M = 1.25, SD = .16, p < .001), and, than participants in the gender stereotype threat + dual task paradigm condition (M = .92, SD = .19, p < .001). However, participants in the gender stereotypes + dual task paradigm condition performed worse than participants in the gender stereotype threat condition (p < .001). In addition, the results of the retention test showed that participants in the control condition performed better (M = 1.51, SD = .34) than participants in the gender stereotype threat condition (M = 1.24, SD = .35, p = .001), and participants in the gender stereotype threat + dual task paradigm condition (M = 1.15, SD = .49, p < .001). In conclusion, these results do not support the potential neutralizing effect of a cognitive dual task in a stereotype threat condition in children.

刻板印象威胁是社会心理学中的一个重要概念，当个人担心自己会证实对其社会群体的负面刻板印象时，就会产生刻板印象威胁（Steele，1997 年）。这种现象会严重影响运动学习，尤其是儿童的运动学习。鉴于刻板印象威胁的强大性质，目前的研究重点是减轻这些负面影响。根据显性监控假说，分散个人注意力可消除刻板印象威胁效应，但迄今为止，这一假说尚未在儿童身上得到验证。本研究考察了在双重任务条件下刻板印象威胁对儿童运动学习的影响。150名女孩（平均年龄为10.96 ± .80岁）被随机分配到3个小组：1-明确的性别刻板印象威胁组；2-明确的性别刻板印象威胁+双重任务组；3-对照组。任务包括踢足球，参与者必须将足球踢向墙上的球门，以获得最多分数。这项研究包括三个阶段：1- 前测（10 次试验）；2- 练习阶段（5 组，每组 10 次试验）；3- 保持测试（10 次试验）。结果显示，在练习阶段，对照组条件下的参与者（M = 1.46，SD = .19）比性别刻板印象威胁组条件下的参与者（M = 1.25，SD = .16，P＜0.05）表现更好。

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引用次数: 0

No transfer of 3D-Multiple Object Tracking training on game performance in soccer: A follow-up study 三维多目标跟踪训练对足球比赛成绩的影响：一项后续研究。

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102770

Thomas Romeas , Maëlle Goujat , Jocelyn Faubert , David Labbé

The impact of domain-general cognitive ‘brain’ training on improving sports performance is highly debated. This study sought to follow-up on research that showcased the benefits of perceptual-cognitive 3D-Multiple Object Tracking (3D-MOT) training in enhancing the on-field performance of soccer players. Additionally, it explored the correlation between athletes’ cognitive performance and early career success.

Sixty-two males from a professional soccer academy were randomly divided into a dual-task 3D-MOT training group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 32). Participants underwent a 3D-MOT test, a cognitive test of attention, and small-sided games at pre- and post-training. Pre-post-test performances were compared using ANCOVAs. A Chi-squared test evaluated the association between the training regimen and early career success. A Spearman test assessed the correlation between performance on the 3D-MOT, attention test, and early career success.

The dual-task 3D-MOT trained group significantly improved its performance on 3D-MOT compared to the control group (p < 0.001). However, no significant pre-post-test differences were observed between the groups in the near-transfer cognitive test and on-field performance (ps > 0.05). There were no associations between the athletes’ early career success and the training regimen, and no associations between cognitive test performances and early career success (ps > 0.05).

This follow-up study failed to replicate previous findings with dual-task 3D-MOT training unable to produce near or far transfer on soccer performance. In addition, cognitive performance was not related to early career success in this study. The value of cognitive screening and training in sport is discussed.

一般领域认知 "大脑 "训练对提高运动成绩的影响备受争议。本研究试图跟踪研究结果，了解感知认知三维多目标跟踪（3D-MOT）训练对提高足球运动员场上表现的益处。此外，研究还探讨了运动员的认知表现与早期职业成功之间的相关性。来自一家专业足球学校的 62 名男生被随机分为双任务 3D-MOT 训练组（30 人）和对照组（32 人）。受训者在训练前和训练后分别接受了 3D-MOT 测试、注意力认知测试和小场比赛。使用方差分析比较了训练前和训练后的表现。卡方检验评估了培训计划与早期职业成功之间的关联。斯皮尔曼测试评估了 3D-MOT 表现、注意力测试和早期职业成功之间的相关性。与对照组相比，接受过 3D-MOT 双任务训练的小组在 3D-MOT 上的成绩有了显著提高（p < 0.001）。然而，在近转移认知测试和场上表现方面，两组之间没有观察到明显的测试前差异（Ps > 0.05）。运动员早期职业生涯的成功与训练方案之间没有关联，认知测试成绩与早期职业生涯的成功之间也没有关联（PS > 0.05）。这项后续研究未能重复之前的研究结果，即双任务 3D-MOT 训练无法对足球表现产生远近迁移。此外，在本研究中，认知表现与早期职业成功率无关。本研究讨论了认知筛查和训练在体育运动中的价值。

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引用次数: 0

The relationship between physical activity environment, mental wellbeing, flourishing and thriving: A mixed method study 体育活动环境、心理健康、幸福和繁荣之间的关系：混合方法研究。

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102769

Sanja Turecek , Eric Brymer , Shahin Rahimi-Golkhandan

Research shows that mental wellbeing contributes to a greater quality of life and longevity, superior overall health, life success, and fulfillment. High mental wellbeing, such as flourishing and thriving, is associated with a sense of meaning and purpose, mastery and accomplishment, social connectedness, optimism, and contribution to society. Nature-based physical activity participation has been linked with mental wellbeing enhancement over and above the impact of physical activity alone. The present study sought to address a gap in the research by exploring whether the environment in which physical activity takes place and one’s gender moderate the relationship between activity time and various indices of mental wellbeing. Using a mixed methods design, participants (N = 235) aged 18 to 76 (M = 33.41, SD = 13.41) completed an online survey. We divided participants into three groups based on their preferred type of physical activity: indoor, outdoor non-nature-based, and outdoor nature-based physical activity. The moderation analyses highlight the importance of the environment in physical activity, with outdoor nature-based settings consistently showing positive associations with flourishing and thriving. These findings suggest that engaging in physical activities in natural environments can significantly predict an individual's mental wellbeing, for both males and females. Qualitative data supported the findings and also revealed that nature-based physical activity achieves these benefits through developing positive affect, social closeness and engagement, purpose, enhanced experiences, and interests beyond oneself. Findings from this study demonstrate the importance of nature-based physical activity for mental wellbeing promotion and protection, indicating that opportunities for nature-based physical activity should be more effectively provided, perhaps across multiple domains of life such as education, sport, public health, and urban planning.

研究表明，心理健康有助于提高生活质量和延长寿命，促进整体健康、生活成功和充实。高度的心理健康，如蓬勃发展和欣欣向荣，与意义感和目的感、掌握感和成就感、社会联系、乐观主义和对社会的贡献相关。参与以自然为基础的体育活动与心理健康的提高有关联，而不仅仅是体育活动的影响。本研究试图通过探讨体育锻炼的环境和个人性别是否会调节活动时间与各种心理健康指数之间的关系来填补研究空白。采用混合方法设计，18 至 76 岁的参与者（N = 235）（M = 33.41，SD = 13.41）完成了一项在线调查。我们根据参与者偏好的体育活动类型将其分为三组：室内体育活动、室外非自然体育活动和室外自然体育活动。调节分析强调了环境在体育活动中的重要性，户外自然环境始终与蓬勃发展和茁壮成长呈正相关。这些研究结果表明，在自然环境中参与体育活动可以显著预测个人的心理健康，男性和女性都是如此。定性数据支持了这些研究结果，并揭示了自然体育活动通过培养积极的情感、社会亲和力和参与度、目的性、增强体验和超越自我的兴趣来实现这些益处。本研究的结果表明，基于自然的体育活动对于促进和保护心理健康非常重要，这表明应更有效地提供基于自然的体育活动机会，或许可以跨越教育、体育、公共卫生和城市规划等多个生活领域。

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引用次数: 0

Are we asking the right questions? Female athletes’ perspectives on the menstrual cycle in sport 我们问对问题了吗？女运动员对体育运动中月经周期的看法。

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102767

Carla A. van den Berg , Patricia K. Doyle-Baker

Background

Menstrual cycle (MC) research employing qualitative and quantitative methods has recently increased in athlete populations. A move towards a participant-centered approach to help formulate questions that align with practitioners’ and stakeholders’ priorities in the sport environment is needed. Therefore, our study aims were to 1) understand what athletes feel is important to consider regarding their MC in sport, and 2) provide practical recommendations for coaches and practitioners to support a positive sport culture around the MC.

Methods

Participants were Canadian female athletes competing at national and international levels. Team (n = 10) and individual (n = 10) sport athletes (median age 23 years) shared their experiences and values in one-on-one semi-structured interviews.

Results

Three main theories were identified by constructive grounded theory analyses: 1) training and performance, 2) culture, and 3) health. Athletes expressed a desire for symptom management strategies and more evidence on MC training periodization to optimize performance. Key determinants in creating a positive culture included communication and feeling supported. Athletes also expressed challenges in balancing health with performance and felt ill-informed on how hormonal contraceptives could potentially impact performance. Practical recommendations included 1) addressing individualized, context-specific symptom impacts on the athlete’s sport demands, 2) using a group-based approach to initiate MC communication topics and, 3) designate female health point-of-contact staff to facilitate MC information.

Conclusion

Future research should continue to evaluate MC impacts on training and performance and study designs should include participants who are using hormonal contraceptives. Coaches and sport practitioners should prioritize female athlete health alongside performance goals.

背景：采用定性和定量方法进行的月经周期（MC）研究最近在运动员群体中有所增加。我们需要采用一种以参与者为中心的方法，以帮助提出与体育从业者和利益相关者在体育环境中的优先事项相一致的问题。因此，我们的研究目的是：1）了解运动员认为在体育运动中考虑MC的重要性；2）为教练员和从业人员提供实用建议，以支持围绕MC的积极体育文化：参与者为参加国家级和国际级比赛的加拿大女运动员。团队（10 人）和个人（10 人）运动员（中位数年龄为 23 岁）在一对一的半结构化访谈中分享了她们的经验和价值观：通过建设性的基础理论分析，确定了三个主要理论：1) 训练与表现，2) 文化，3) 健康。运动员表示希望获得症状管理策略和更多关于 MC 训练周期的证据，以优化成绩。创建积极文化的关键决定因素包括沟通和感受到支持。运动员还表示在平衡健康与成绩之间存在挑战，并对荷尔蒙避孕药可能对成绩产生的潜在影响缺乏了解。实用建议包括：1）解决个性化、具体情况具体症状对运动员运动需求的影响；2）使用基于群体的方法来启动MC交流话题；3）指定女性健康联络点工作人员来促进MC信息的传播：未来的研究应继续评估 MC 对训练和成绩的影响，研究设计应包括使用荷尔蒙避孕药的参与者。教练和体育从业人员应将女运动员的健康与成绩目标放在首位。

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