Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics最新文献_第6页

Wind tunnel experimental study of the effect of shading devices on wind-driven single-sided natural ventilation 遮阳装置对风力单面自然通风影响的风洞实验研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106328

Xiaochen Zhang , Zhengtao Ai , Lian Shen , Kenny C.S. Kwok , Zhongjian Jia , Guoqiang Zhang

Shading devices strongly influence façade aerodynamics but remain insufficiently examined for wind-driven single-sided ventilation (SSV). This study evaluates how external shading configurations modify the external–internal pressure difference and the resulting ventilation potential. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted on a 600-mm cubic model with a 350 × 350 mm opening, where twelve shading configurations were tested under wind directions from 0° to 180°. A ventilation-induced force (VIF) metric is introduced by directly integrating internal and external pressure coefficients, addressing the limitations of sealed-model approaches for SSV. Results show that shading type is the primary determinant of VIF magnitude, and its influence is strongly mediated by wind direction. Panel-type shading systems produce substantially stronger pressure-driven potential than louver-type systems, with vertical and composite panel-type shading systems exhibiting the greatest enhancement under oblique winds (60°–90°), where façade pressure differences are most sensitive to shading geometry. Installation angle further governs the performance of vertical panel-type shading systems: a 45° inclination enhances VIF across wind directions, whereas a 135° inclination weakens it, while horizontal panel-type shading systems display only minor angle sensitivity.

The findings clarify how shading type, installation angle, and wind direction jointly shape the ventilation-driving potential of large-opening façades. The study provides systematic experimental data and practical guidance for selecting shading configurations that enhance natural ventilation performance in early-stage façade design.

遮阳装置强烈影响空气动力学，但对风驱动的单侧通风（SSV）的研究还不够。本研究评估了外部遮阳配置如何改变外部-内部压力差和由此产生的通风潜力。在600 mm立方的模型上进行风洞实验，模型开口为350 × 350 mm，在0°~ 180°风向下测试了12种遮阳构型。通过直接整合内外压力系数，引入了通风诱导力（VIF）度量，解决了SSV密封模型方法的局限性。结果表明，遮阳类型是影响VIF大小的主要因素，其影响受风向的强烈调节。面板遮阳系统比百叶遮阳系统产生更强的压力驱动潜力，垂直和复合面板遮阳系统在斜风（60°-90°）下表现出最大的增强，其中面板压力差对遮阳几何形状最敏感。安装角度进一步决定了垂直板型遮阳系统的性能：45°的倾角增强了风向上的VIF，而135°的倾角减弱了它，而水平板型遮阳系统只显示出很小的角度敏感性。研究结果阐明了遮阳类型、安装角度和风向如何共同影响大开口遮阳墙的通风驱动潜力。该研究为早期遮阳设计中选择提高自然通风性能的遮阳配置提供了系统的实验数据和实践指导。

{"title":"Wind tunnel experimental study of the effect of shading devices on wind-driven single-sided natural ventilation","authors":"Xiaochen Zhang , Zhengtao Ai , Lian Shen , Kenny C.S. Kwok , Zhongjian Jia , Guoqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shading devices strongly influence façade aerodynamics but remain insufficiently examined for wind-driven single-sided ventilation (SSV). This study evaluates how external shading configurations modify the external–internal pressure difference and the resulting ventilation potential. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted on a 600-mm cubic model with a 350 × 350 mm opening, where twelve shading configurations were tested under wind directions from 0° to 180°. A ventilation-induced force (VIF) metric is introduced by directly integrating internal and external pressure coefficients, addressing the limitations of sealed-model approaches for SSV. Results show that shading type is the primary determinant of VIF magnitude, and its influence is strongly mediated by wind direction. Panel-type shading systems produce substantially stronger pressure-driven potential than louver-type systems, with vertical and composite panel-type shading systems exhibiting the greatest enhancement under oblique winds (60°–90°), where façade pressure differences are most sensitive to shading geometry. Installation angle further governs the performance of vertical panel-type shading systems: a 45° inclination enhances VIF across wind directions, whereas a 135° inclination weakens it, while horizontal panel-type shading systems display only minor angle sensitivity.</div><div>The findings clarify how shading type, installation angle, and wind direction jointly shape the ventilation-driving potential of large-opening façades. The study provides systematic experimental data and practical guidance for selecting shading configurations that enhance natural ventilation performance in early-stage façade design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106328"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of dynamic response characteristics of metal roof panels under wind-hail interaction effects 风雹作用下金属屋面板动力响应特性试验研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106331

Juncai Chen , Yimin Dai , Taiting Liu , Lipeng Yuan , Yilin Peng

Hail disasters, a typical extreme weather event, are often accompanied by strong winds. Wind speed variations significantly affect the dynamic response of metal roof panels subjected to hail impact, highlighting the need to investigate wind-hail interaction effects. This study systematically investigates the dynamic responses of typical metal roof panels under wind-hail interaction through impact testing and numerical simulations. Results show that the influence of wind amplifies stress, strain, and displacement responses, with the effect closely related to hail diameter: smaller hail experiences stronger wind influence, while the effect diminishes as hail size increases. To accurately simulate the hail impact process, a fluid–structure interaction model was developed in LS-DYNA, showing excellent agreement with experimental data. Comparison with a simplified model indicates that both models can accurately predict the dynamic responses under small-diameter hail impacts, but the simplified model tends to overestimate structural responses for larger hail. Additionally, a displacement prediction model considering wind-hail interaction was developed using multivariate nonlinear regression analysis. The model exhibits good predictive capability under conventional conditions (hail diameters below 58 mm; wind speeds of 0–15 m/s). This study provides a useful reference for the hail-resistant design and risk assessment of metal roofing systems.

冰雹灾害是一种典型的极端天气事件，通常伴随着强风。风速变化显著影响冰雹冲击下金属屋面板的动态响应，突出了研究风-雹相互作用效应的必要性。通过冲击试验和数值模拟，系统研究了典型金属屋面板在风雹作用下的动力响应。结果表明：风的影响放大了冰雹的应力、应变和位移响应，其效应与冰雹直径密切相关，较小的冰雹受风的影响更强，而随着冰雹尺寸的增大，风的影响逐渐减弱；为了准确模拟冰雹撞击过程，在LS-DYNA中建立了流固耦合模型，与实验数据吻合良好。与简化模型的对比表明，两种模型都能准确预测小直径冰雹冲击下的结构响应，但简化模型对大直径冰雹的结构响应有高估的倾向。此外，利用多元非线性回归分析建立了考虑冰雹相互作用的位移预测模型。该模型在常规条件下（冰雹直径小于58 mm，风速0 ~ 15 m/s）具有较好的预测能力。该研究为金属屋面系统的抗冰雹设计和风险评估提供了有益的参考。

{"title":"Experimental investigation of dynamic response characteristics of metal roof panels under wind-hail interaction effects","authors":"Juncai Chen , Yimin Dai , Taiting Liu , Lipeng Yuan , Yilin Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hail disasters, a typical extreme weather event, are often accompanied by strong winds. Wind speed variations significantly affect the dynamic response of metal roof panels subjected to hail impact, highlighting the need to investigate wind-hail interaction effects. This study systematically investigates the dynamic responses of typical metal roof panels under wind-hail interaction through impact testing and numerical simulations. Results show that the influence of wind amplifies stress, strain, and displacement responses, with the effect closely related to hail diameter: smaller hail experiences stronger wind influence, while the effect diminishes as hail size increases. To accurately simulate the hail impact process, a fluid–structure interaction model was developed in LS-DYNA, showing excellent agreement with experimental data. Comparison with a simplified model indicates that both models can accurately predict the dynamic responses under small-diameter hail impacts, but the simplified model tends to overestimate structural responses for larger hail. Additionally, a displacement prediction model considering wind-hail interaction was developed using multivariate nonlinear regression analysis. The model exhibits good predictive capability under conventional conditions (hail diameters below 58 mm; wind speeds of 0–15 m/s). This study provides a useful reference for the hail-resistant design and risk assessment of metal roofing systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106331"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of inflow turbulence and flow Reynolds number on the flow around an isolated building under unstable conditions 不稳定条件下流入湍流度和流动雷诺数对孤立建筑物周围流动的影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106326

Yezhan Li , Sankang Yin , Naoki Ikegaya

Turbulent inflow is essential for obtaining accurate results in large-eddy simulations of the urban wind environment. However, under unstable conditions, the relative importance of inflow turbulence and Reynolds number remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of five inflow turbulence types and five Reynolds numbers (Re = 1500–150000), obtained by varying the kinematic viscosity, on the flow fields around an isolated building. Results show that at a high Reynolds number (Re = 15000), different inflow turbulence conditions produce similar wake pattern. Varying the Reynolds number has minimal influence on the velocity fields under turbulent inflow, whereas non-turbulent inflow exhibits strong Reynolds number sensitivity, especially in the wake. For the temperature field, lower Reynolds numbers lead to higher temperatures and stronger fluctuations due to the increased wall heat transfer. These findings suggest that while turbulent inflow is essential for accurately resolving flow features in front of the building, non-turbulent inflow may be sufficient for studies focusing on mean and standard deviation fields in the wake at high Reynolds numbers. For simulations involving both velocity and temperature, inflow with fluctuations in both is recommended, though using velocity fluctuations with a representative temperature profile can still provide reasonable accuracy.

在城市风环境的大涡模拟中，湍流入流是获得准确结果的关键。然而，在不稳定条件下，流入湍流度和雷诺数的相对重要性尚不清楚。本文研究了通过改变运动粘度得到的五种流入湍流类型和五种雷诺数（Re = 1500-150000）对孤立建筑物周围流场的影响。结果表明，在高雷诺数（Re = 15000）下，不同的流入湍流条件产生的尾迹相似。在紊流条件下，雷诺数的变化对速度场的影响很小，而在非湍流条件下，雷诺数的变化对速度场具有很强的敏感性，特别是在尾流中。对于温度场而言，由于壁面换热增加，雷诺数越低，温度越高，波动也越大。这些发现表明，虽然湍流流入对于精确解析建筑物前的流动特征至关重要，但对于高雷诺数尾迹的平均和标准差场的研究来说，非湍流流入可能已经足够了。对于同时涉及速度和温度的模拟，建议使用两者都有波动的流入，尽管使用具有代表性温度剖面的速度波动仍然可以提供合理的精度。

{"title":"Impact of inflow turbulence and flow Reynolds number on the flow around an isolated building under unstable conditions","authors":"Yezhan Li , Sankang Yin , Naoki Ikegaya","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Turbulent inflow is essential for obtaining accurate results in large-eddy simulations of the urban wind environment. However, under unstable conditions, the relative importance of inflow turbulence and Reynolds number remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of five inflow turbulence types and five Reynolds numbers (<em>Re</em> = 1500–150000), obtained by varying the kinematic viscosity, on the flow fields around an isolated building. Results show that at a high Reynolds number (<em>Re</em> = 15000), different inflow turbulence conditions produce similar wake pattern. Varying the Reynolds number has minimal influence on the velocity fields under turbulent inflow, whereas non-turbulent inflow exhibits strong Reynolds number sensitivity, especially in the wake. For the temperature field, lower Reynolds numbers lead to higher temperatures and stronger fluctuations due to the increased wall heat transfer. These findings suggest that while turbulent inflow is essential for accurately resolving flow features in front of the building, non-turbulent inflow may be sufficient for studies focusing on mean and standard deviation fields in the wake at high Reynolds numbers. For simulations involving both velocity and temperature, inflow with fluctuations in both is recommended, though using velocity fluctuations with a representative temperature profile can still provide reasonable accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AIJ guidelines on the applications of large-eddy simulation to pedestrian wind environment: Recommendations and validation benchmarks AIJ大涡模拟在行人风环境中的应用指南：建议和验证基准

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106321

Tsubasa Okaze , Hideki Kikumoto , Naoki Ikegaya , Keisuke Nakao , Hiroki Ono , Keigo Nakajima , Masashi Imano , Takamasa Hasama , Yuichi Tabata , Takeshi Kishida , Ryuichiro Yoshie , Yoshihide Tominaga

This study introduces recent efforts of the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) to develop guidelines for large-eddy simulation (LES) of pedestrian wind environments (PWEs). Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models have been widely used for predicting urban wind environments following best practice guidelines (BPGs) by Franke et al. [Int J Environ Pollut 44, 1–4 (2011)] and Tominaga et al. [J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 96 (10–11), 1749–1761 (2008)]. Although RANS models can predict mean wind velocity and some turbulence statistics based on empirical assumptions, LES provides higher accuracy in resolving transient turbulence structures larger than the grid scale. With increasing urbanization, understanding instantaneous complex wind and wind-related phenomena around buildings is essential for ensuring pedestrian wind comfort and safety. However, LES applications face challenges owing to a lack of BPGs. This study outlines key recommendations for simulation setups and post-processing, including domain size, building modeling, grid generation, boundary conditions, turbulence modeling, discretization, convergence criteria, and reliability evaluation. Additionally, new benchmark cases are provided to support validation for PWEs. The AIJ working group systematically evaluated LES performance across urban scenarios to ensure practical applicability while balancing computational costs. These guidelines aim to enhance prediction reliability, thereby contributing to the standardization of LES applications for PWE and advancement of computational wind engineering.

本研究介绍了日本建筑研究所（AIJ）最近为行人风环境（pwe）的大涡模拟（LES）制定指南所做的努力。张建军，张建军，张建军，等。基于RANS模型的城市风环境预测研究[J].环境科学学报，2011,31(2):559 - 561（2008）。虽然RANS模型可以预测平均风速和一些基于经验假设的湍流统计数据，但LES在解决大于网格尺度的瞬态湍流结构方面提供了更高的精度。随着城市化进程的加快，了解建筑物周围的瞬时复杂风和风相关现象对于确保行人的风舒适和安全至关重要。然而，由于缺乏bpg， LES应用面临挑战。本研究概述了模拟设置和后处理的关键建议，包括域大小、建筑建模、网格生成、边界条件、湍流建模、离散化、收敛准则和可靠性评估。此外，还提供了新的基准用例来支持pwe的验证。AIJ工作组系统地评估了LES在城市场景中的性能，以确保在平衡计算成本的同时具有实际适用性。这些指南旨在提高预测的可靠性，从而有助于LES应用于PWE的标准化和计算风工程的进步。

{"title":"AIJ guidelines on the applications of large-eddy simulation to pedestrian wind environment: Recommendations and validation benchmarks","authors":"Tsubasa Okaze , Hideki Kikumoto , Naoki Ikegaya , Keisuke Nakao , Hiroki Ono , Keigo Nakajima , Masashi Imano , Takamasa Hasama , Yuichi Tabata , Takeshi Kishida , Ryuichiro Yoshie , Yoshihide Tominaga","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces recent efforts of the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) to develop guidelines for large-eddy simulation (LES) of pedestrian wind environments (PWEs). Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models have been widely used for predicting urban wind environments following best practice guidelines (BPGs) by Franke et al. [Int J Environ Pollut <strong>44</strong>, 1–4 (2011)] and Tominaga et al. [J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn <strong>96</strong> (10–11), 1749–1761 (2008)]. Although RANS models can predict mean wind velocity and some turbulence statistics based on empirical assumptions, LES provides higher accuracy in resolving transient turbulence structures larger than the grid scale. With increasing urbanization, understanding instantaneous complex wind and wind-related phenomena around buildings is essential for ensuring pedestrian wind comfort and safety. However, LES applications face challenges owing to a lack of BPGs. This study outlines key recommendations for simulation setups and post-processing, including domain size, building modeling, grid generation, boundary conditions, turbulence modeling, discretization, convergence criteria, and reliability evaluation. Additionally, new benchmark cases are provided to support validation for PWEs. The AIJ working group systematically evaluated LES performance across urban scenarios to ensure practical applicability while balancing computational costs. These guidelines aim to enhance prediction reliability, thereby contributing to the standardization of LES applications for PWE and advancement of computational wind engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wind tunnel investigation of aerodynamic interactions between twin high-rise buildings connected by a skybridge at varying installation heights 由天桥连接的两座高层建筑在不同安装高度下的空气动力学相互作用的风洞研究

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106296

Min Kyu Kim , Thomas H.-K. Kang

A modular wind tunnel model was developed and validated to examine the aerodynamic behavior of twin high-rise buildings connected by a skybridge. The model allowed adjustable bridge heights while maintaining geometric accuracy, and its reliability was confirmed through comparison with published data. Wind tunnel tests across eleven bridge height configurations assessed both global aerodynamic responses and local surface pressures. Results showed that adding a skybridge slightly reduced fluctuating lift and torsional base moments of the buildings, indicating potential aerodynamic benefits for structural design. However, aerodynamic loads on the skybridge increased with height, peaking when placed at roof level. Local pressure measurements between the facing building surfaces revealed significant amplification in both mean and fluctuating components. Cross-correlation analysis identified strong negative coupling of crosswind forces between upstream and downstream buildings, while aerodynamic interaction with the skybridge remained limited. Overall, the skybridge demonstrated a dual aerodynamic role, moderately mitigating building responses yet introducing higher local loads. The validated modular approach offers a robust and adaptable framework for future parametric studies and supports data-driven aerodynamic optimization and skybridge placement in tall building systems.

建立并验证了模块化风洞模型，以研究由天桥连接的双座高层建筑的空气动力学行为。该模型可以在保持几何精度的同时调节桥梁高度，并通过与公开数据的比较证实了其可靠性。风洞试验跨越11个桥梁高度配置，评估了整体空气动力学响应和局部表面压力。结果表明，增加天桥可以略微降低建筑物的波动升力和扭转基础矩，表明结构设计可能具有气动效益。然而，天桥上的空气动力载荷随着高度的增加而增加，当放置在屋顶水平时达到峰值。建筑物表面之间的局部压力测量显示，平均分量和波动分量都有显著的放大。相互关联分析表明，上游和下游建筑之间的侧风力存在强烈的负耦合，而与天桥的空气动力学相互作用仍然有限。总的来说，天桥展示了双重空气动力学作用，适度减轻了建筑物的反应，但引入了更高的局部负荷。经过验证的模块化方法为未来的参数研究提供了一个强大的、适应性强的框架，并支持数据驱动的空气动力学优化和高层建筑系统中的天桥布置。

{"title":"Wind tunnel investigation of aerodynamic interactions between twin high-rise buildings connected by a skybridge at varying installation heights","authors":"Min Kyu Kim , Thomas H.-K. Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A modular wind tunnel model was developed and validated to examine the aerodynamic behavior of twin high-rise buildings connected by a skybridge. The model allowed adjustable bridge heights while maintaining geometric accuracy, and its reliability was confirmed through comparison with published data. Wind tunnel tests across eleven bridge height configurations assessed both global aerodynamic responses and local surface pressures. Results showed that adding a skybridge slightly reduced fluctuating lift and torsional base moments of the buildings, indicating potential aerodynamic benefits for structural design. However, aerodynamic loads on the skybridge increased with height, peaking when placed at roof level. Local pressure measurements between the facing building surfaces revealed significant amplification in both mean and fluctuating components. Cross-correlation analysis identified strong negative coupling of crosswind forces between upstream and downstream buildings, while aerodynamic interaction with the skybridge remained limited. Overall, the skybridge demonstrated a dual aerodynamic role, moderately mitigating building responses yet introducing higher local loads. The validated modular approach offers a robust and adaptable framework for future parametric studies and supports data-driven aerodynamic optimization and skybridge placement in tall building systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106296"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A LiDAR-CFD-wind tunnel integrated framework for urban wind field reconstruction: The SEG Plaza case 城市风场重建的激光雷达- cfd -风洞集成框架：SEG广场案例

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106329

Jiazhi Yan , Qingke Han , Lijun Yuan , Zhihui Wang , Yanlong Guo , Kunbo Wen , Xianfeng Yu , Muguang Liu , Yi Yang

Accurate simulation of boundary layer wind fields is crucial for analyzing structural wind effects, particularly for super-tall buildings in complex urban settings. This study addresses wind field reconstruction and validation challenges, focusing on the “5·18″ wind-induced vibration event at SEG Plaza, Shenzhen. It integrates field measurements, wind tunnel experiments, and numerical simulations, using a refined urban model within a 500-m radius. Results are compared with Doppler lidar data and detailed simulations to establish an evaluation framework. The study also examines wind field reconstruction with limited surrounding building data. Key findings include: 1) Wind tunnel results closely match LiDAR measurements above 200 m, with a correlation coefficient of 0.975 (RMSE 0.021); 2) The average wind speed profile exponent from wind tunnel tests is 0.30, with speeds at 350 m ranging from 10.30 to 10.72 m/s; 3) A simplified 200-m radius model can capture key high-altitude wind field traits; 4) Numerical simulations with equilibrium inflow conditions outperform wind tunnel tests when urban data is scarce. This “field measurement – numerical simulation – physical simulation validation” approach will offer a wind field reconstruction method for analyzing sudden wind event.

边界层风场的精确模拟是分析结构风效应的关键，特别是对于复杂城市环境中的超高层建筑。本研究以深圳SEG广场“5·18″”风致振动事件为研究对象，解决了风场重建和验证的挑战。它集成了现场测量、风洞实验和数值模拟，使用了半径500米范围内的精细城市模型。结果与多普勒激光雷达数据和详细的模拟进行了比较，以建立评估框架。该研究还研究了在有限的周围建筑数据下的风场重建。主要发现包括：1)风洞测量结果与200 m以上激光雷达测量结果吻合较好，相关系数为0.975 (RMSE 0.021)；2)风洞试验平均风速廓线指数为0.30,350 m风速范围为10.30 ~ 10.72 m/s；3)简化的200 m半径模型可以捕捉高空风场的关键特征；4)当城市数据稀缺时，平衡入流条件下的数值模拟效果优于风洞试验。这种“现场测量-数值模拟-物理模拟验证”的方法将为分析突发性风事件提供一种风场重建方法。

{"title":"A LiDAR-CFD-wind tunnel integrated framework for urban wind field reconstruction: The SEG Plaza case","authors":"Jiazhi Yan , Qingke Han , Lijun Yuan , Zhihui Wang , Yanlong Guo , Kunbo Wen , Xianfeng Yu , Muguang Liu , Yi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate simulation of boundary layer wind fields is crucial for analyzing structural wind effects, particularly for super-tall buildings in complex urban settings. This study addresses wind field reconstruction and validation challenges, focusing on the “5·18″ wind-induced vibration event at SEG Plaza, Shenzhen. It integrates field measurements, wind tunnel experiments, and numerical simulations, using a refined urban model within a 500-m radius. Results are compared with Doppler lidar data and detailed simulations to establish an evaluation framework. The study also examines wind field reconstruction with limited surrounding building data. Key findings include: 1) Wind tunnel results closely match LiDAR measurements above 200 m, with a correlation coefficient of 0.975 (RMSE 0.021); 2) The average wind speed profile exponent from wind tunnel tests is 0.30, with speeds at 350 m ranging from 10.30 to 10.72 m/s; 3) A simplified 200-m radius model can capture key high-altitude wind field traits; 4) Numerical simulations with equilibrium inflow conditions outperform wind tunnel tests when urban data is scarce. This “field measurement – numerical simulation – physical simulation validation” approach will offer a wind field reconstruction method for analyzing sudden wind event.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106329"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A multi-objective reinforcement learning optimization method for interior desired pressure in plateau oxygen-supply trains under extreme tunnel conditions 极端隧道条件下高原供氧列车内部期望压力的多目标强化学习优化方法

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106324

Lu Yang , Chunjun Chen , Xinhua Xiang , Boyuan Mu , Yutao Xia

When plateau oxygen-supply trains pass through extreme tunnels, the passive control method for interior pressure fluctuations of the train fails to effectively balance passenger pressure comfort and air quality inside the carriage. To address above issues, this paper formulates the multi-objective optimization problem for desired interior pressure as a constrained Markov decision process (CMDP). A multi-objective reinforcement learning (RL) optimization method is proposed to obtain desired interior pressures under different tunnel conditions. By introducing the Lagrange function, the constraints (including interior oxygen partial pressure, interior pressure comfort standards, and valve opening restrictions) are integrated into the actor network. Furthermore, prior control knowledge from the iterative learning control (ILC) method is integrated to assist the RL algorithm in accelerating convergence and ensuring safe policy exploration. Finally, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method successfully generates an interior pressure trajectory that satisfies both the oxygen partial pressure and pressure comfort standards while maximizing valve openings and keeping them within acceptable limits. This provides the desired tracking objective for designing the control algorithm for interior pressure fluctuations under tunnel pressure wave excitations.

高原供氧列车通过极端隧道时，列车内部压力波动的被动控制方法无法有效平衡乘客压力舒适性和车厢内空气质量。为了解决上述问题，本文将期望内部压力的多目标优化问题表述为约束马尔可夫决策过程（CMDP）。提出了一种多目标强化学习（RL）优化方法，以获得不同隧道条件下的理想内压力。通过引入拉格朗日函数，将约束（包括内部氧分压、内部压力舒适标准和阀门开度限制）集成到actor网络中。此外，集成了迭代学习控制（ILC）方法的先验控制知识，以帮助RL算法加速收敛并确保安全策略探索。最后，仿真和实验结果表明，该方法成功地生成了满足氧分压和压力舒适性标准的内部压力轨迹，同时最大限度地使阀门开度保持在可接受的范围内。这为设计隧道压力波激励下的内部压力波动控制算法提供了理想的跟踪目标。

{"title":"A multi-objective reinforcement learning optimization method for interior desired pressure in plateau oxygen-supply trains under extreme tunnel conditions","authors":"Lu Yang , Chunjun Chen , Xinhua Xiang , Boyuan Mu , Yutao Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When plateau oxygen-supply trains pass through extreme tunnels, the passive control method for interior pressure fluctuations of the train fails to effectively balance passenger pressure comfort and air quality inside the carriage. To address above issues, this paper formulates the multi-objective optimization problem for desired interior pressure as a constrained Markov decision process (CMDP). A multi-objective reinforcement learning (RL) optimization method is proposed to obtain desired interior pressures under different tunnel conditions. By introducing the Lagrange function, the constraints (including interior oxygen partial pressure, interior pressure comfort standards, and valve opening restrictions) are integrated into the actor network. Furthermore, prior control knowledge from the iterative learning control (ILC) method is integrated to assist the RL algorithm in accelerating convergence and ensuring safe policy exploration. Finally, simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method successfully generates an interior pressure trajectory that satisfies both the oxygen partial pressure and pressure comfort standards while maximizing valve openings and keeping them within acceptable limits. This provides the desired tracking objective for designing the control algorithm for interior pressure fluctuations under tunnel pressure wave excitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106324"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of three types of roll structures in the typhoon boundary layer 台风边界层三种涡旋结构的机制

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106317

Hehe Ren , Jimy Dudhia , Shitang Ke , Shujin Laima , Wen-Li Chen , Hui Li

The boundary layer is crucial to understanding the potential damage caused by typhoons, as the organized motions within it significantly affect the transfer of momentum, heat, moisture, and other substances. In the present study, three types of roll structures are identified in the typhoon boundary layer. The Type-A roll structure, caused by shear instability (0 < Ri < 0.25), has two modes. Mode-I is associated with the tangential wind, located slightly inside the radius of maximum wind and oriented vertically upward, with the roll axis nearly parallel to the tangential wind. Mode-II is associated with the radial wind, located at the radius of maximum wind and tilted upward, with the roll axis nearly parallel to the radial wind. Furthermore, at the same radius, Mode-I dominates at a higher height, while Mode-II dominates at a lower height. The dominant mode shifts from Mode-I to Mode-II as typhoon intensity increases, as more intense typhoons tend to exhibit annular characteristics with a more tilted eyewall structure. The Type-B roll structure, caused by inertial instability, is reflected in the flat region of total angular momentum and is located just outside the radius of maximum wind, with the roll axis nearly parallel to the radial wind. The Type-C roll structure, caused by inflection point instability, is located outside the Type-B roll structure, with the roll axis nearly parallel to the tangential wind. An accurate understanding of the mechanisms of these three types of roll structures plays a significant role in research on typhoon structure, numerical prediction models, disaster assessment models, and wave and storm surge dynamics.

边界层对了解台风造成的潜在损害至关重要，因为边界层内有组织的运动显著影响动量、热量、水分和其他物质的转移。在本研究中，在台风边界层中确定了三种类型的卷结构。由剪切失稳（0 < Ri < 0.25）引起的a型辊结构有两种模态。模式i与切向风有关，位于最大风半径略内，垂直向上，横摇轴几乎与切向风平行。模式ii与径向风有关，位于最大风半径处，向上倾斜，横摇轴与径向风几乎平行。在相同半径下，模式i在较高高度占主导地位，模式ii在较低高度占主导地位。随着台风强度的增加，主导模态由i型向ii型转变，越强的台风往往呈现环状特征，眼壁结构越倾斜。b型横摇结构由惯性失稳引起，反映在总角动量的平坦区，位于最大风半径的正外侧，横摇轴几乎平行于径向风。由拐点失稳引起的c型轧辊结构位于b型轧辊结构外侧，轧辊轴与切向风几乎平行。准确认识这三种卷结构的形成机理，对台风结构、数值预报模式、灾害评估模式、波浪风暴潮动力学等方面的研究具有重要意义。

{"title":"Mechanisms of three types of roll structures in the typhoon boundary layer","authors":"Hehe Ren , Jimy Dudhia , Shitang Ke , Shujin Laima , Wen-Li Chen , Hui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The boundary layer is crucial to understanding the potential damage caused by typhoons, as the organized motions within it significantly affect the transfer of momentum, heat, moisture, and other substances. In the present study, three types of roll structures are identified in the typhoon boundary layer. The Type-A roll structure, caused by shear instability (0 < Ri < 0.25), has two modes. Mode-I is associated with the tangential wind, located slightly inside the radius of maximum wind and oriented vertically upward, with the roll axis nearly parallel to the tangential wind. Mode-II is associated with the radial wind, located at the radius of maximum wind and tilted upward, with the roll axis nearly parallel to the radial wind. Furthermore, at the same radius, Mode-I dominates at a higher height, while Mode-II dominates at a lower height. The dominant mode shifts from Mode-I to Mode-II as typhoon intensity increases, as more intense typhoons tend to exhibit annular characteristics with a more tilted eyewall structure. The Type-B roll structure, caused by inertial instability, is reflected in the flat region of total angular momentum and is located just outside the radius of maximum wind, with the roll axis nearly parallel to the radial wind. The Type-C roll structure, caused by inflection point instability, is located outside the Type-B roll structure, with the roll axis nearly parallel to the tangential wind. An accurate understanding of the mechanisms of these three types of roll structures plays a significant role in research on typhoon structure, numerical prediction models, disaster assessment models, and wave and storm surge dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106317"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aerodynamic heating of evacuated tube transportation in choked flow under coupled forced convection and surface radiation 强制对流和表面辐射耦合作用下呛流中真空管输送的气动加热

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2026.106333

Fuzhong Xie, Fujian Jiang, Qiujun Yu, Yanping Yuan, Jiqiang Niu

High-speed maglev trains operating within low-vacuum tubes face significant aerodynamic heating challenges, exacerbated by the inherent choked effects. Addressing the limitations of existing studies of aerothermodynamics on ETT, which focus on sole heat transfer method and flow structure under choked conditions, this paper investigates aerodynamic heating of ETT under choked conditions with coupled forced convection and surface radiation. Compared to convection only, the vehicle's surface temperature is lower under convection and radiation coupling and it declines with increasing distance from the nose, with a sharp increase at the tail, demonstrating a significant temperature gradient, while radiation heat flux generally shows an upward trend. Crucially, under supersonic flows with high blockage ratios, the vehicle's average temperature exceeds 400 K, with a temperature difference of over 100 K. The radiation heat flux at the nose becomes negative and the vehicle faces serious aerodynamic heating effects, with limited capability to radiate heat outward. While vacuum level does not govern the onset of choked flow, it significantly reduces vehicle surface temperature especially the tail temperature, particularly when pressures are below 0.2 atm. These findings enhance the comprehensive understanding of aerodynamic heating characteristics in choked flows, informing the design of ETT's thermal protection systems.

在低真空管中运行的高速磁悬浮列车面临着巨大的气动加热挑战，而固有的阻塞效应加剧了这一挑战。针对现有的空气热力学研究局限于单一换热方法和堵塞条件下的流动结构，本文研究了强制对流和表面辐射耦合的堵塞条件下ETT的气动加热。与仅对流相比，对流与辐射耦合下的飞行器表面温度较低，且随距离机头距离的增加而下降，在尾部急剧上升，温度梯度明显，而辐射热通量总体呈上升趋势。至关重要的是，在高堵塞比的超音速流动下，车辆的平均温度超过400k，温差超过100k。机头处的辐射热通量变为负值，飞行器面临严重的气动加热效应，向外辐射热量的能力有限。虽然真空度不能控制阻塞流的发生，但它可以显著降低车辆表面温度，特别是尾部温度，特别是当压力低于0.2 atm时。这些发现增强了对阻塞流中气动加热特性的全面理解，为ETT热保护系统的设计提供了信息。

{"title":"Aerodynamic heating of evacuated tube transportation in choked flow under coupled forced convection and surface radiation","authors":"Fuzhong Xie, Fujian Jiang, Qiujun Yu, Yanping Yuan, Jiqiang Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2026.106333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2026.106333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-speed maglev trains operating within low-vacuum tubes face significant aerodynamic heating challenges, exacerbated by the inherent choked effects. Addressing the limitations of existing studies of aerothermodynamics on ETT, which focus on sole heat transfer method and flow structure under choked conditions, this paper investigates aerodynamic heating of ETT under choked conditions with coupled forced convection and surface radiation. Compared to convection only, the vehicle's surface temperature is lower under convection and radiation coupling and it declines with increasing distance from the nose, with a sharp increase at the tail, demonstrating a significant temperature gradient, while radiation heat flux generally shows an upward trend. Crucially, under supersonic flows with high blockage ratios, the vehicle's average temperature exceeds 400 K, with a temperature difference of over 100 K. The radiation heat flux at the nose becomes negative and the vehicle faces serious aerodynamic heating effects, with limited capability to radiate heat outward. While vacuum level does not govern the onset of choked flow, it significantly reduces vehicle surface temperature especially the tail temperature, particularly when pressures are below 0.2 atm. These findings enhance the comprehensive understanding of aerodynamic heating characteristics in choked flows, informing the design of ETT's thermal protection systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulating high-translation-speed tornado-like vortex effects on building aerodynamics through a rapid traversing system 通过快速穿越系统模拟高平动速度的类龙卷风涡旋对建筑物空气动力学的影响

IF 4.9 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106313

Stefano Brusco , Adrian Costache , Timothy John Acosta , Gregory A. Kopp

This paper presents the development of a rapid traversing system for WindEEE Dome, designed to investigate variations in flow characteristics and the transient aerodynamics of buildings subjected to translation speeds representative of full-scale tornadoes. A moving section of the floor was constructed with a 12.8 m track that spanned the test chamber. The track allows the movement of a cart and an elliptical aluminum baseplate on rails through the action of a servo-motor and a system of chains. The results of the first experimental campaign with the new system are examined in detail. The baseplate was equipped with pressure taps for flow characterization and fitted with a pressure model of a low-rise building to examine its transient aerodynamic response. Cobra Probes were installed to simultaneously measure the tornadic wind field samples. Several nominally identical repeats were carried out with the system translating through a spatially-stationary tornado-vortex with a swirl ratio of 0.76 for two different translation speed (

\sim

1.5 m/s and

\sim

4.2 m/s). The traversing system was also used to simulate a quasi-static translation of the tornado-like flows; hence, effects of different levels of translation speed on flow characterization, and pressure distributions and forces of the building model are discerned.

本文介绍了WindEEE Dome快速穿越系统的开发，该系统旨在研究建筑物在平移速度代表全尺寸龙卷风时的流动特性和瞬态空气动力学变化。地板的移动部分由一条12.8米的轨道组成，该轨道横跨测试室。通过伺服电机和链条系统的作用，轨道允许手推车和椭圆铝基板在轨道上运动。对新系统的首次实验结果进行了详细的检验。在底板上安装了用于流动表征的压力水龙头，并安装了一个低层建筑的压力模型来研究其瞬态气动响应。安装眼镜蛇探测器，同时测量龙卷风风场样本。在两种不同的平移速度（~ 1.5 m/s和~ 4.2 m/s）下，系统通过空间静止的涡流比为0.76的龙卷风-涡旋进行了几次名义上相同的重复。横贯系统还用于模拟龙卷风流的准静态平移；因此，不同水平的平移速度对流动特性的影响，以及建筑模型的压力分布和力。

{"title":"Simulating high-translation-speed tornado-like vortex effects on building aerodynamics through a rapid traversing system","authors":"Stefano Brusco , Adrian Costache , Timothy John Acosta , Gregory A. Kopp","doi":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jweia.2025.106313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the development of a rapid traversing system for WindEEE Dome, designed to investigate variations in flow characteristics and the transient aerodynamics of buildings subjected to translation speeds representative of full-scale tornadoes. A moving section of the floor was constructed with a 12.8 m track that spanned the test chamber. The track allows the movement of a cart and an elliptical aluminum baseplate on rails through the action of a servo-motor and a system of chains. The results of the first experimental campaign with the new system are examined in detail. The baseplate was equipped with pressure taps for flow characterization and fitted with a pressure model of a low-rise building to examine its transient aerodynamic response. Cobra Probes were installed to simultaneously measure the tornadic wind field samples. Several nominally identical repeats were carried out with the system translating through a spatially-stationary tornado-vortex with a swirl ratio of 0.76 for two different translation speed (<span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo></mrow></math></span> 1.5 m/s and <span><math><mrow><mo>∼</mo></mrow></math></span> 4.2 m/s). The traversing system was also used to simulate a quasi-static translation of the tornado-like flows; hence, effects of different levels of translation speed on flow characterization, and pressure distributions and forces of the building model are discerned.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54752,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics","volume":"269 ","pages":"Article 106313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0