Pub Date : 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100715
Bowen Tan , Hewanmeng Geng , Zeyu Hao , Zhirong Li , Chengxiang Hu , Tian Yu , Pengyu Wang , Yuanhao Chen , Zhongping Feng , Lina Jin , Baofeng Xu , Rui Liu
Background
Accelerometer-derived physical activity is associated with reduced stroke risk. The biological pathways underpinning this relationship, however, are not yet understood. Herein, we aim to identify metabolic signatures associated with accelerometer-measured PA and investigate their relationships with reduced stroke incidence.
Method
Utilizing UK Biobank accelerometer data, we derived physical activity into total physical activity (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and light physical activity (LPA) and linked them to 249 NMR-quantified plasma metabolites. The metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-/LPA-metabolomic signatures) were developed through internal validation followed by elastic-net regression modeling. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated activity-stroke associations (adjusted for sociodemographic/genetic factors), followed by mediation analysis to quantify metabolomic signature effects.
Results
Through UK Biobank study (N = 29445; 14.1-year follow-up with 513 stroke events), we identified 195 TPA, 173 MVPA, and 164 LPA metabolite associations (FDR < 0.05), with 107, 92, and 15 validated, respectively. Elastic net-derived physical activity-metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-metabolomic signatures) correlated with physical activity intensities (r = 0.20−0.30, P < 0.001) and were associated with reduced stroke risk: TPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44−0.87); MVPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.29−0.88). Mediation analyses showed TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures explained 12.2% and 8.5% of physical activity-stroke associations (P < 0.001), implicating specific lipoprotein subclasses and lipids as key mediators.
Conclusion
TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures, particularly the 11 key metabolites included, significantly mediate the association between accelerometer-derived physical activity and stroke risk.
{"title":"Association between Accelerometer-derived Physical Activity-related Metabolic Signature and Stroke: A Cohort Study from UK Biobank","authors":"Bowen Tan , Hewanmeng Geng , Zeyu Hao , Zhirong Li , Chengxiang Hu , Tian Yu , Pengyu Wang , Yuanhao Chen , Zhongping Feng , Lina Jin , Baofeng Xu , Rui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Accelerometer-derived physical activity is associated with reduced stroke risk. The biological pathways underpinning this relationship, however, are not yet understood. Herein, we aim to identify metabolic signatures associated with accelerometer-measured PA and investigate their relationships with reduced stroke incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Utilizing UK Biobank accelerometer data, we derived physical activity into total physical activity (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and light physical activity (LPA) and linked them to 249 NMR-quantified plasma metabolites. The metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-/LPA-metabolomic signatures) were developed through internal validation followed by elastic-net regression modeling. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated activity-stroke associations (adjusted for sociodemographic/genetic factors), followed by mediation analysis to quantify metabolomic signature effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Through UK Biobank study (N = 29445; 14.1-year follow-up with 513 stroke events), we identified 195 TPA, 173 MVPA, and 164 LPA metabolite associations (FDR < 0.05), with 107, 92, and 15 validated, respectively. Elastic net-derived physical activity-metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-metabolomic signatures) correlated with physical activity intensities (r = 0.20−0.30, <em>P</em> < 0.001) and were associated with reduced stroke risk: TPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44−0.87); MVPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.29−0.88). Mediation analyses showed TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures explained 12.2% and 8.5% of physical activity-stroke associations (<em>P</em> < 0.001), implicating specific lipoprotein subclasses and lipids as key mediators.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures, particularly the 11 key metabolites included, significantly mediate the association between accelerometer-derived physical activity and stroke risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100715"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100716
Liang-Kung Chen
{"title":"Understanding the Metabolic Fingerprint of Muscle Aging","authors":"Liang-Kung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100716","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100717
Massimiliano Fedecostante , Jacopo Sabbatinelli , Antonio Cherubini
{"title":"Is accelerated biological aging the hidden link between physical frailty, social deficits, cognitive impairment and risk of incident diseases?","authors":"Massimiliano Fedecostante , Jacopo Sabbatinelli , Antonio Cherubini","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100717","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100717"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100712
Beatriz B. Elliott , Xavier Vazquez , Sharon A. Ross , Elizabeth M. McNeill
MicroRNAs are a class of small, single-stranded, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Cellular and circulating microRNA expression alterations have been observed in non-pathological aging and age-related diseases. microRNAs have been proposed to regulate aging signaling pathways, including cell death and senescence, oxidative stress, DNA damage, nutrient-sensing, and other metabolic processes. MicroRNAs may provide a molecular mechanism whereby diet can regulate gene expression, affecting aging phenotypes and lifespan. Herein, we review the recent evidence for diet in modulating the expression of microRNAs to influence the aging process. Current challenges and approaches to studying microRNAs and their function in the context of diet and aging research are highlighted in this review. Diet-mediated regulation of microRNA in aging is an emerging area of study, and future research incorporating functional analyses of dietary-responsive microRNAs will be necessary to clarify their actions in the aging process.
{"title":"Diet, nutrition, and healthy aging: Are miRNAs the link? A narrative review","authors":"Beatriz B. Elliott , Xavier Vazquez , Sharon A. Ross , Elizabeth M. McNeill","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs are a class of small, single-stranded, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Cellular and circulating microRNA expression alterations have been observed in non-pathological aging and age-related diseases. microRNAs have been proposed to regulate aging signaling pathways, including cell death and senescence, oxidative stress, DNA damage, nutrient-sensing, and other metabolic processes. MicroRNAs may provide a molecular mechanism whereby diet can regulate gene expression, affecting aging phenotypes and lifespan. Herein, we review the recent evidence for diet in modulating the expression of microRNAs to influence the aging process. Current challenges and approaches to studying microRNAs and their function in the context of diet and aging research are highlighted in this review. Diet-mediated regulation of microRNA in aging is an emerging area of study, and future research incorporating functional analyses of dietary-responsive microRNAs will be necessary to clarify their actions in the aging process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100712"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100710
Suparna Qanungo , Mohan Madisetti , Martina Mueller , Teresa J. Kelechi
Objective
To evaluate a behavioral intervention, Partners at Meals (PAM), designed to empower caregivers (CGs) to improve caloric intake, weight, and quality of life (QOL) of persons with dementia (PWD), and to address dysfunctional behaviors during mealtime. The study also aimed to assess differences in caregiver psychosocial outcomes, including depression, burden, and QOL.
Design
A cluster randomized controlled experimental design was used, in which participating Respite Care Centers (RCCs) were randomized to either the PAM intervention group (n = 3) or the control enhanced usual care (EUC) group (n = 3). Enrolled PWD/CG dyads were assigned to PAM or EUC based on the RCCs they attended.
Setting and participants
This longitudinal 6-month clinical trial was conducted across six RCCs in the Southeast coastal region of the United States. A total of 53 PWD/CG dyads provided post-enrollment data: PAM (n = 27) and EUC (n = 26).
Methods
The PAM intervention was delivered using a train-the-trainer approach, based on the C3P (Change the Person, Change the People, Change the Place) model, and was implemented through RCC volunteers who provided adaptive mealtime strategies via telehealth to CGs in the home. Primary outcome measures for PWD were changes in body weight and feeding/dysfunctional behaviors from baseline to 6-month follow-up or end of study. Secondary outcomes included mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), caloric intake, and QOL. Caregiver outcomes included changes in burden, depression, and QOL. Between- and within-group comparisons were performed using pooled and paired t-tests or chi-square tests as appropriate. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were used to assess outcomes over time.
Results
At enrollment, PWD participants had a diagnosis of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease or related dementia, with a mean age of 77.6 ± 9.8 years. The mean age of caregivers was 66.3 ± 11.8 years. The PWDs in the PAM group started with greater weight loss prior to study enrollment but showed a slightly lower > 5% weight loss from baseline to end of study (20.8%), compared to the EUC group (22.7%), although not statistically significant (p = 0.275). While the EUC group experienced a slight decrease in MUAC from baseline to follow-up of 0.2 ± 7 cm, those in the PAM group showed an increase of 1.0 ± 2.0 cm, suggesting better maintenance of nutritional status. The estimated mean daily caloric intake between the PWD groups upon enrollment (368 ± 131, p = 0.006) showed the EUC group consumed more calories than the PAM group throughout the study. Although no significant differences were found in the unadjusted changes in mealtime scores for feeding difficulty (−0.8 ± 3.1, p = 0.411), dysfunctional behavior (−1.4, 6.0, p = 0.605) or QO
{"title":"A cluster randomized controlled trial of a train-the-trainer behavioral intervention delivered via respite care centers to improve nutritional outcomes and quality of life persons with dementia and their caregivers","authors":"Suparna Qanungo , Mohan Madisetti , Martina Mueller , Teresa J. Kelechi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate a behavioral intervention, Partners at Meals (PAM), designed to empower caregivers (CGs) to improve caloric intake, weight, and quality of life (QOL) of persons with dementia (PWD), and to address dysfunctional behaviors during mealtime. The study also aimed to assess differences in caregiver psychosocial outcomes, including depression, burden, and QOL.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A cluster randomized controlled experimental design was used, in which participating Respite Care Centers (RCCs) were randomized to either the PAM intervention group (<em>n</em> = 3) or the control enhanced usual care (EUC) group (<em>n</em> = 3). Enrolled PWD/CG dyads were assigned to PAM or EUC based on the RCCs they attended.</div></div><div><h3>Setting and participants</h3><div>This longitudinal 6-month clinical trial was conducted across six RCCs in the Southeast coastal region of the United States. A total of 53 PWD/CG dyads provided post-enrollment data: PAM (<em>n</em> = 27) and EUC (<em>n</em> = 26).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The PAM intervention was delivered using a train-the-trainer approach, based on the C3P (<em>Change the Person, Change the People, Change the Place</em>) model, and was implemented through RCC volunteers who provided adaptive mealtime strategies via telehealth to CGs in the home. Primary outcome measures for PWD were changes in body weight and feeding/dysfunctional behaviors from baseline to 6-month follow-up or end of study. Secondary outcomes included mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), caloric intake, and QOL. Caregiver outcomes included changes in burden, depression, and QOL. Between- and within-group comparisons were performed using pooled and paired <em>t</em>-tests or chi-square tests as appropriate. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were used to assess outcomes over time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At enrollment, PWD participants had a diagnosis of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease or related dementia, with a mean age of 77.6 ± 9.8 years. The mean age of caregivers was 66.3 ± 11.8 years. The PWDs in the PAM group started with greater weight loss prior to study enrollment but showed a slightly lower > 5% weight loss from baseline to end of study (20.8%), compared to the EUC group (22.7%), although not statistically significant (<em>p</em> = 0.275). While the EUC group experienced a slight decrease in MUAC from baseline to follow-up of 0.2 ± 7 cm, those in the PAM group showed an increase of 1.0 ± 2.0 cm, suggesting better maintenance of nutritional status. The estimated mean daily caloric intake between the PWD groups upon enrollment (368 ± 131, <em>p</em> = 0.006) showed the EUC group consumed more calories than the PAM group throughout the study. Although no significant differences were found in the unadjusted changes in mealtime scores for feeding difficulty (−0.8 ± 3.1, <em>p</em> = 0.411), dysfunctional behavior (−1.4, 6.0, <em>p</em> = 0.605) or QO","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100710"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100711
Jia Wang , Mingrui Jin , Zhenkang Qiu , Mao Li , Jing Ma
Background
The American Heart Association (AHA) recently updated the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) metrics to measure ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision impairment, exhibiting a rising prevalence globally. However, the association between LE8 and DR, as well as the mediating role of phenotypic age (PA) and biological age (BA), is still unclear.
Methods
LE8 scores were categorized into three groups: low (0–49), moderate (50–74), and high (75–100). PA and BA were computed using validated algorithms incorporating clinical biomarkers. Weighted logistic regression and linear analysis were employed to assess the relationship between LE8 and DR. The mediation analysis was conducted to explore the mediating role of PA and BA.
Results
Our study included 1129 participants with non-DR and 329 participants with DR from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Higher LE8 scores were inversely associated with DR prevalence after adjusting for all covariates (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.11–0.50; P for trend < 0.001). Each 10-point LE8 increase was related to a 23% decrease of DR (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.69–0.84). Mediation analysis indicated that PA and BA partially mediated 35.61% and 46.38% of the association between LE8 and DR, respectively.
Conclusions
The LE8 scores were negatively associated with the incidence of DR, while PA and BA partially mediated the association between LE8 scores and DR.
{"title":"Association between cardiovascular health assessed by Life’s Essential 8 and diabetic retinopathy: The mediating role of phenotypic age and biological age","authors":"Jia Wang , Mingrui Jin , Zhenkang Qiu , Mao Li , Jing Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The American Heart Association (AHA) recently updated the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) metrics to measure ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision impairment, exhibiting a rising prevalence globally. However, the association between LE8 and DR, as well as the mediating role of phenotypic age (PA) and biological age (BA), is still unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>LE8 scores were categorized into three groups: low (0–49), moderate (50–74), and high (75–100). PA and BA were computed using validated algorithms incorporating clinical biomarkers. Weighted logistic regression and linear analysis were employed to assess the relationship between LE8 and DR. The mediation analysis was conducted to explore the mediating role of PA and BA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study included 1129 participants with non-DR and 329 participants with DR from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Higher LE8 scores were inversely associated with DR prevalence after adjusting for all covariates (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.11–0.50; <em>P</em> for trend < 0.001). Each 10-point LE8 increase was related to a 23% decrease of DR (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.69–0.84). Mediation analysis indicated that PA and BA partially mediated 35.61% and 46.38% of the association between LE8 and DR, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The LE8 scores were negatively associated with the incidence of DR, while PA and BA partially mediated the association between LE8 scores and DR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"100711"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100713
Sihan Song , Joong-Yeon Lim , Miji Kim , Chang Won Won , Hyun-Young Park
Objectives
This study aimed to explore the association of circulating vitamin D levels with incidence of sarcopenia and its diagnostic components in older men and women.
Design
Two-year longitudinal study.
Setting
Nationwide Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.
Participants
A total of 1,292 adults (53% women) aged 70–84 years without sarcopenia at baseline and who completed the 2-year follow-up sarcopenia assessment were included.
Measurements
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay and categorized into sex- and blood collection period-specific quartiles. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength was evaluated using handgrip strength, and physical performance was assessed using the five-times-sit-to-stand test, usual gait speed, and Short Physical Performance Battery. Sarcopenia was defined in accordance with the 2019 consensus of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Logistic regression and generalized linear models were used to assess the association of serum 25(OH)D concentrations with sarcopenia and its components.
Results
Over the 2-year follow-up, incident sarcopenia occurred in 15.7% of men and 12.1% of women. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with incident sarcopenia in men (odds ratio [OR] for the highest vs. lowest quartile, 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23–0.94; P for trend = 0.03), whereas no significant association was observed in women. When examining the association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and components of sarcopenia, the third quartile was associated with lower odds of low muscle mass in men (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.20–0.77) and low physical performance in women (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.15–0.68), compared to the first quartile. Additionally, higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with more favorable annual changes in usual gait speed in men but not in women.
Conclusion
Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with a higher likelihood of incident sarcopenia and its components, particularly among men. Adequate 25(OH)D concentrations may help slow age-related decline in muscle mass and function, with potential sex differences.
{"title":"Sex-specific associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with incident sarcopenia in older adults: A 2-year follow-up study","authors":"Sihan Song , Joong-Yeon Lim , Miji Kim , Chang Won Won , Hyun-Young Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the association of circulating vitamin D levels with incidence of sarcopenia and its diagnostic components in older men and women.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Two-year longitudinal study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Nationwide Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>A total of 1,292 adults (53% women) aged 70–84 years without sarcopenia at baseline and who completed the 2-year follow-up sarcopenia assessment were included.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay and categorized into sex- and blood collection period-specific quartiles. The appendicular skeletal muscle mass was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength was evaluated using handgrip strength, and physical performance was assessed using the five-times-sit-to-stand test, usual gait speed, and Short Physical Performance Battery. Sarcopenia was defined in accordance with the 2019 consensus of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Logistic regression and generalized linear models were used to assess the association of serum 25(OH)D concentrations with sarcopenia and its components.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over the 2-year follow-up, incident sarcopenia occurred in 15.7% of men and 12.1% of women. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with incident sarcopenia in men (odds ratio [OR] for the highest vs. lowest quartile, 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.23–0.94; P for trend = 0.03), whereas no significant association was observed in women. When examining the association between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and components of sarcopenia, the third quartile was associated with lower odds of low muscle mass in men (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.20–0.77) and low physical performance in women (OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.15–0.68), compared to the first quartile. Additionally, higher serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with more favorable annual changes in usual gait speed in men but not in women.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with a higher likelihood of incident sarcopenia and its components, particularly among men. Adequate 25(OH)D concentrations may help slow age-related decline in muscle mass and function, with potential sex differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100709
Lin Yang , Mengying Li , Jing Shu , Lizheng Cao
Background
Both cognitive impairment and diet are significant factors associated with frailty, however, the association between the Chinese Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (cMIND) diet and frailty remains unclear.
Methods
This longitudinal study analyzed data from 1,943 adults aged ≥65 in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) spanning 2008–2018. Adherence to the cMIND diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, whereas frailty status was determined using the frailty index. The cMIND dietary scores were categorized into three groups based on tertiles: (T1:0−4; T2:4.5–5.5; T3:6–12). The association between cMIND adherence and frailty incidence was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models, while the dose-response relationship was examined with restricted cubic splines (with knots at the 5th, 35th, 65th, and 95th percentiles).
Results
The mean age was 74.9 ± 7.3 years; 50.5% were female. The restricted cubic spline model revealed a significant nonlinear association between baseline cMIND dietary scores and frailty risk (nonlinear p < 0.05). Subsequently, the Cox proportional hazards model showed that, after adjusting for covariates, participants in the highest tertile of cMIND scores exhibited a 16% reduction in frailty risk compared to those in the lowest tertile (HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72−0.97, p = 0.022). However, subgroup analyses revealed that the association varied according to baseline cognitive function. A significant inverse association was present in those with normal cognition (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86−0.96) but absent in those with cognitive impairment (HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.93–1.09; interaction p = 0.037).
Conclusion
Higher adherence to the cMIND diet is associated with a lower risk of frailty among older adults in China, specifically in those with normal cognitive function at baseline.
{"title":"Association between cMIND diet adherence and frailty among Chinese older adults: A 10-year longitudinal study","authors":"Lin Yang , Mengying Li , Jing Shu , Lizheng Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Both cognitive impairment and diet are significant factors associated with frailty, however, the association between the Chinese Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (cMIND) diet and frailty remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This longitudinal study analyzed data from 1,943 adults aged ≥65 in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) spanning 2008–2018. Adherence to the cMIND diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, whereas frailty status was determined using the frailty index. The cMIND dietary scores were categorized into three groups based on tertiles: (T1:0−4; T2:4.5–5.5; T3:6–12). The association between cMIND adherence and frailty incidence was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models, while the dose-response relationship was examined with restricted cubic splines (with knots at the 5th, 35th, 65th, and 95th percentiles).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age was 74.9 ± 7.3 years; 50.5% were female. The restricted cubic spline model revealed a significant nonlinear association between baseline cMIND dietary scores and frailty risk (nonlinear <em>p</em> < 0.05). Subsequently, the Cox proportional hazards model showed that, after adjusting for covariates, participants in the highest tertile of cMIND scores exhibited a 16% reduction in frailty risk compared to those in the lowest tertile (HR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72−0.97, <em>p</em> = 0.022). However, subgroup analyses revealed that the association varied according to baseline cognitive function. A significant inverse association was present in those with normal cognition (HR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86−0.96) but absent in those with cognitive impairment (HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.93–1.09; interaction <em>p</em> = 0.037).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Higher adherence to the cMIND diet is associated with a lower risk of frailty among older adults in China, specifically in those with normal cognitive function at baseline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100709"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100683
Leonie Lang , Thomas Hunt , David Vauzour , Philipe de Souto Barreto , Miguel Gueimonde , Renger Witkamp , Isabelle Guelinckx , Bruno Pot , Simon McArthur , Louise Dye , Lesley Hoyles , Nils Billecke , Andrea Bertocco , Maria Camprubi Robles , Caroline Perreau , Gabriele Civiletto , Maria Tonti
At the end of October 2024, ILSI Europe brought together industry and academic experts from different fields to identify research gaps and challenges in nutritional interventions supporting healthy ageing. The objectives of the Healthy Ageing Working Group workshop were to address the urgent need to define ageing outcomes and associated biomarkers, determine the trajectory of functional ageing across the lifespan, and leverage technology to tailor nutritional and lifestyle interventions for healthy ageing. This brief report presents the key points highlighted during this workshop.
{"title":"Building a roadmap to nutrition for Healthy Ageing: a brief report on the ILSI Europe Healthy Ageing Task Force","authors":"Leonie Lang , Thomas Hunt , David Vauzour , Philipe de Souto Barreto , Miguel Gueimonde , Renger Witkamp , Isabelle Guelinckx , Bruno Pot , Simon McArthur , Louise Dye , Lesley Hoyles , Nils Billecke , Andrea Bertocco , Maria Camprubi Robles , Caroline Perreau , Gabriele Civiletto , Maria Tonti","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At the end of October 2024, ILSI Europe brought together industry and academic experts from different fields to identify research gaps and challenges in nutritional interventions supporting healthy ageing. The objectives of the Healthy Ageing Working Group workshop were to address the urgent need to define ageing outcomes and associated biomarkers, determine the trajectory of functional ageing across the lifespan, and leverage technology to tailor nutritional and lifestyle interventions for healthy ageing. This brief report presents the key points highlighted during this workshop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100708
Jorge G. Ruiz
{"title":"Why frailty must be central in anti-amyloid therapies for Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Jorge G. Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100708","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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