Pub Date : 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100725
Xuan Li , Zhi-cheng Yang , Hao Li , Jie Zhang , Ping Zhu , Ming Song , Zhi-hao Wang , Lu Han , Ming Zhong , Bo-ang Hu
Background
Sarcopenia and frailty are interrelated complex geriatric syndromes that are associated with an increased risk of negative health outcomes. The construction of an age-friendly environment (AFE) is a key strategy for promoting health aging, but its associations with sarcopenia and frailty remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between AFE and the incidence of sarcopenia and frailty in older adults.
Methods
A total of 3,261 participants aged ≥60 years were included from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Using a World Health Organization (WHO) AFE framework modified for Chinese context, we constructed an 8-domain, 35-component community environment score. Sarcopenia was defined according to the 2019 consensus guidelines by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, while frailty status was assessed using the frailty index (FI). The longitudinal association between AFE score and the risk of developing incident sarcopenia and frailty was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.
Results
Over a 4-year follow-up, 297 (9.10%) participants developed sarcopenia; and participants with sarcopenia had a higher FI. Compared to the lowest quartile of AFE scores, participants in the highest AFE quartile had a 46% lower risk of incident sarcopenia (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.38−0.77) and a 27% lower risk of incident frailty (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60−0.90), even after comprehensive confounding adjustment. Subgroup analyses showed a significant interaction between independent ADL and AFE was observed for sarcopenia, while significant interactions by residence and health status were observed for frailty.
Conclusions
Our findings underscore that constructing an age-friendly environment is of great significance for the prevention of incident sarcopenia and frailty among older adults in China.
{"title":"Association between Age-Friendly Environment, Sarcopenia and Frailty among Older Adults in China: A Longitudinal Study","authors":"Xuan Li , Zhi-cheng Yang , Hao Li , Jie Zhang , Ping Zhu , Ming Song , Zhi-hao Wang , Lu Han , Ming Zhong , Bo-ang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sarcopenia and frailty are interrelated complex geriatric syndromes that are associated with an increased risk of negative health outcomes. The construction of an age-friendly environment (AFE) is a key strategy for promoting health aging, but its associations with sarcopenia and frailty remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between AFE and the incidence of sarcopenia and frailty in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 3,261 participants aged ≥60 years were included from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Using a World Health Organization (WHO) AFE framework modified for Chinese context, we constructed an 8-domain, 35-component community environment score. Sarcopenia was defined according to the 2019 consensus guidelines by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, while frailty status was assessed using the frailty index (FI). The longitudinal association between AFE score and the risk of developing incident sarcopenia and frailty was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over a 4-year follow-up, 297 (9.10%) participants developed sarcopenia; and participants with sarcopenia had a higher FI. Compared to the lowest quartile of AFE scores, participants in the highest AFE quartile had a 46% lower risk of incident sarcopenia (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.38−0.77) and a 27% lower risk of incident frailty (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60−0.90), even after comprehensive confounding adjustment. Subgroup analyses showed a significant interaction between independent ADL and AFE was observed for sarcopenia, while significant interactions by residence and health status were observed for frailty.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings underscore that constructing an age-friendly environment is of great significance for the prevention of incident sarcopenia and frailty among older adults in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145558395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100719
Guilan Xie , Chiara Natalie Focacci , Jiajia Li , Ruiqi Wang , Gong Chen
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the link of social participation with progression and reversion of intrinsic capacity (IC).
Design
A prospective cohort study.
Setting and participants
2955 adults aged 60 years and older in China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included in this study.
Measurements
IC was measured by locomotion, vitality, cognition, psychological capacity, and sensory (vision and hearing), and was further divided into intact IC and impaired IC. Social participation was measured by the frequencies of six types of social activities and classified as low, moderate, and high levels by tertiles. Multistate Markov model was employed to investigate the associations of social participation with transitions of intact IC, impaired IC, and death.
Results
Those with moderate or high social participation had higher likelihoods of residing in intact IC and reversion from impaired IC to intact IC, while had lower probabilities of progression from intact IC to impaired IC and from impaired IC to death than those with low social participation over three-year period. Moderate social participation (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.98) and high social participation (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.96) were related to reduced probabilities for progression from impaired IC to death. High social participation was also related to a 22% reduction of probability for progression from intact IC to impaired IC (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.98). Those with moderate or high social participation had longer total life expectancy and life expectancy of intact IC than those with low social participation.
Conclusion
Social participation could slow down the IC declines, mitigate mortality, and prolong life expectancy. The findings provide evidence to call for all sectors to embed social participation into healthcare and pension systems to promote healthy, active, and successful ageing, and ultimately support the achievement of universal health coverage.
{"title":"Association of social participation with progression and reversion of intrinsic capacity in older adults: based on multistate model","authors":"Guilan Xie , Chiara Natalie Focacci , Jiajia Li , Ruiqi Wang , Gong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the link of social participation with progression and reversion of intrinsic capacity (IC).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A prospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting and participants</h3><div>2955 adults aged 60 years and older in China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>IC was measured by locomotion, vitality, cognition, psychological capacity, and sensory (vision and hearing), and was further divided into intact IC and impaired IC. Social participation was measured by the frequencies of six types of social activities and classified as low, moderate, and high levels by tertiles. Multistate Markov model was employed to investigate the associations of social participation with transitions of intact IC, impaired IC, and death.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Those with moderate or high social participation had higher likelihoods of residing in intact IC and reversion from impaired IC to intact IC, while had lower probabilities of progression from intact IC to impaired IC and from impaired IC to death than those with low social participation over three-year period. Moderate social participation (HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.98) and high social participation (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.96) were related to reduced probabilities for progression from impaired IC to death. High social participation was also related to a 22% reduction of probability for progression from intact IC to impaired IC (HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.98). Those with moderate or high social participation had longer total life expectancy and life expectancy of intact IC than those with low social participation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Social participation could slow down the IC declines, mitigate mortality, and prolong life expectancy. The findings provide evidence to call for all sectors to embed social participation into healthcare and pension systems to promote healthy, active, and successful ageing, and ultimately support the achievement of universal health coverage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100719"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100718
Ruixiang Yan , Shiqi Jia , Di Lu , Wenfeng Song , Wenfeng Zhang , Jian Sun , Duanying Li
Background
Exercise, protein supplementation, and their combination are guideline-recommended strategies for managing sarcopenia. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various types of voluntary and simulated exercise on the outcomes of muscle strength, physical function, and muscle mass in individuals with sarcopenia.
Methods
We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through December 2024 and conducted a frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework, and interventions were categorized according to their relative effectiveness and certainty ratings.
Results
A total of 96 eligible studies involving 7,596 participants were included. Resistance and balance training combined with protein-based nutritional supplementation (RBT + Nu) was the most effective intervention for improving grip strength (MD = 5.45 kg, 95% CI: 3.58–7.33), gait speed (MD = 0.20 m/s, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.29), SPPB (MD = 3.59 points, 95% CI: 1.91–5.27), and skeletal muscle index (MD = 0.95 kg/m², 95% CI: 0.16–1.74). Improvements in gait speed and SPPB exceeded the minimal clinically important difference, while gains in grip strength were potentially clinically meaningful. Resistance and balance training (RBT) achieved the most significant improvement in the timed up and go test (MD = −2.29 s, 95% CI: −3.16 to −1.41), whereas aerobic and resistance training combined with nutrition was most effective in the five-times sit-to-stand test (MD = −2.86 s, 95% CI: −4.55 to −1.17); both improvements are potentially clinically meaningful. Resistance training with nutrition showed the largest improvements in knee extension strength (SMD = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.63–1.33) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (MD = 0.33 kg/m², 95% CI: 0.27 to 0.38). Aerobic, resistance, and balance training produced the greatest benefit for balance performance (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.13–1.34).
Conclusion
High-certainty evidence supports RBT + Nu as the most effective intervention for improving muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical function in individuals with sarcopenia. We recommend combining RBT with protein and amino acid supplementation as an optimal strategy when feasible.
{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Exercise and Protein-Based Interventions on Muscle Strength, Mass, and Function in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","authors":"Ruixiang Yan , Shiqi Jia , Di Lu , Wenfeng Song , Wenfeng Zhang , Jian Sun , Duanying Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Exercise, protein supplementation, and their combination are guideline-recommended strategies for managing sarcopenia. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of various types of voluntary and simulated exercise on the outcomes of muscle strength, physical function, and muscle mass in individuals with sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through December 2024 and conducted a frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE framework, and interventions were categorized according to their relative effectiveness and certainty ratings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 96 eligible studies involving 7,596 participants were included. Resistance and balance training combined with protein-based nutritional supplementation (RBT + Nu) was the most effective intervention for improving grip strength (MD = 5.45 kg, 95% CI: 3.58–7.33), gait speed (MD = 0.20 m/s, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.29), SPPB (MD = 3.59 points, 95% CI: 1.91–5.27), and skeletal muscle index (MD = 0.95 kg/m², 95% CI: 0.16–1.74). Improvements in gait speed and SPPB exceeded the minimal clinically important difference, while gains in grip strength were potentially clinically meaningful. Resistance and balance training (RBT) achieved the most significant improvement in the timed up and go test (MD = −2.29 s, 95% CI: −3.16 to −1.41), whereas aerobic and resistance training combined with nutrition was most effective in the five-times sit-to-stand test (MD = −2.86 s, 95% CI: −4.55 to −1.17); both improvements are potentially clinically meaningful. Resistance training with nutrition showed the largest improvements in knee extension strength (SMD = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.63–1.33) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (MD = 0.33 kg/m², 95% CI: 0.27 to 0.38). Aerobic, resistance, and balance training produced the greatest benefit for balance performance (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.13–1.34).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High-certainty evidence supports RBT + Nu as the most effective intervention for improving muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical function in individuals with sarcopenia. We recommend combining RBT with protein and amino acid supplementation as an optimal strategy when feasible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100714
Yaxiong Zheng , Liangliang Li , Hye Gwang Jeong , Young Jin Moon , Hwi-yeol Yun , Jung-Woo Chae , Jae-Hyun Lee , Wooyeon Jo , Soyoon Lee , Seyean Jang , Minseo Kim , Xudong Yang , Sang Ki Lee
Background
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of detraining on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in older adults and to explore potential moderating factor (duration of detraining) to gain a better understanding of the factors influencing changes in CVRF.
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in four databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. A total of 17 studies involving 513 participants were included. Meta-analyses, subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessments were performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata version 15.0.
Results
Detraining significantly increased SBP (SMD = 0.40, 95% CI [0.21, 0.58]), DBP (SMD = 0.22, 95% CI [0.11, 0.33]), BGL (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [0.15, 0.80]), TC (SMD = 0.49, 95% CI [0.18, 0.80]), TG (SMD = 0.64, 95% CI [0.35, 0.92]), and body fat (SMD = 0.36, 95% CI [0.22, 0.51]), while significantly reducing HDL-C (SMD = −0.42, 95% CI [−0.78, −0.06]). Subgroup analyses revealed that the adverse effects of detraining were more pronounced after ≥3 months. SBP and TG increased significantly regardless of detraining duration, but the effect sizes were larger after ≥3 months. In contrast, DBP, BGL, TC, and LDL-C increased significantly only after ≥3 months of detraining. Although BMI and body weight did not change significantly, body fat, in contrast, increased significantly in both groups, with a greater increase observed after ≥3 months.
Conclusion
Detraining has significant and detrimental effects on cardiovascular risk factors in older adults, with risks increasing as the duration of detraining extends.
{"title":"Effects of detraining on cardiovascular risk factors in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Yaxiong Zheng , Liangliang Li , Hye Gwang Jeong , Young Jin Moon , Hwi-yeol Yun , Jung-Woo Chae , Jae-Hyun Lee , Wooyeon Jo , Soyoon Lee , Seyean Jang , Minseo Kim , Xudong Yang , Sang Ki Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of detraining on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) in older adults and to explore potential moderating factor (duration of detraining) to gain a better understanding of the factors influencing changes in CVRF.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in four databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. A total of 17 studies involving 513 participants were included. Meta-analyses, subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessments were performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata version 15.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Detraining significantly increased SBP (SMD = 0.40, 95% CI [0.21, 0.58]), DBP (SMD = 0.22, 95% CI [0.11, 0.33]), BGL (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [0.15, 0.80]), TC (SMD = 0.49, 95% CI [0.18, 0.80]), TG (SMD = 0.64, 95% CI [0.35, 0.92]), and body fat (SMD = 0.36, 95% CI [0.22, 0.51]), while significantly reducing HDL-C (SMD = −0.42, 95% CI [−0.78, −0.06]). Subgroup analyses revealed that the adverse effects of detraining were more pronounced after ≥3 months. SBP and TG increased significantly regardless of detraining duration, but the effect sizes were larger after ≥3 months. In contrast, DBP, BGL, TC, and LDL-C increased significantly only after ≥3 months of detraining. Although BMI and body weight did not change significantly, body fat, in contrast, increased significantly in both groups, with a greater increase observed after ≥3 months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Detraining has significant and detrimental effects on cardiovascular risk factors in older adults, with risks increasing as the duration of detraining extends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100714"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145477220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100715
Bowen Tan , Hewanmeng Geng , Zeyu Hao , Zhirong Li , Chengxiang Hu , Tian Yu , Pengyu Wang , Yuanhao Chen , Zhongping Feng , Lina Jin , Baofeng Xu , Rui Liu
Background
Accelerometer-derived physical activity is associated with reduced stroke risk. The biological pathways underpinning this relationship, however, are not yet understood. Herein, we aim to identify metabolic signatures associated with accelerometer-measured PA and investigate their relationships with reduced stroke incidence.
Method
Utilizing UK Biobank accelerometer data, we derived physical activity into total physical activity (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and light physical activity (LPA) and linked them to 249 NMR-quantified plasma metabolites. The metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-/LPA-metabolomic signatures) were developed through internal validation followed by elastic-net regression modeling. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated activity-stroke associations (adjusted for sociodemographic/genetic factors), followed by mediation analysis to quantify metabolomic signature effects.
Results
Through UK Biobank study (N = 29445; 14.1-year follow-up with 513 stroke events), we identified 195 TPA, 173 MVPA, and 164 LPA metabolite associations (FDR < 0.05), with 107, 92, and 15 validated, respectively. Elastic net-derived physical activity-metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-metabolomic signatures) correlated with physical activity intensities (r = 0.20−0.30, P < 0.001) and were associated with reduced stroke risk: TPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44−0.87); MVPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.29−0.88). Mediation analyses showed TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures explained 12.2% and 8.5% of physical activity-stroke associations (P < 0.001), implicating specific lipoprotein subclasses and lipids as key mediators.
Conclusion
TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures, particularly the 11 key metabolites included, significantly mediate the association between accelerometer-derived physical activity and stroke risk.
{"title":"Association between Accelerometer-derived Physical Activity-related Metabolic Signature and Stroke: A Cohort Study from UK Biobank","authors":"Bowen Tan , Hewanmeng Geng , Zeyu Hao , Zhirong Li , Chengxiang Hu , Tian Yu , Pengyu Wang , Yuanhao Chen , Zhongping Feng , Lina Jin , Baofeng Xu , Rui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Accelerometer-derived physical activity is associated with reduced stroke risk. The biological pathways underpinning this relationship, however, are not yet understood. Herein, we aim to identify metabolic signatures associated with accelerometer-measured PA and investigate their relationships with reduced stroke incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Utilizing UK Biobank accelerometer data, we derived physical activity into total physical activity (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and light physical activity (LPA) and linked them to 249 NMR-quantified plasma metabolites. The metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-/LPA-metabolomic signatures) were developed through internal validation followed by elastic-net regression modeling. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated activity-stroke associations (adjusted for sociodemographic/genetic factors), followed by mediation analysis to quantify metabolomic signature effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Through UK Biobank study (N = 29445; 14.1-year follow-up with 513 stroke events), we identified 195 TPA, 173 MVPA, and 164 LPA metabolite associations (FDR < 0.05), with 107, 92, and 15 validated, respectively. Elastic net-derived physical activity-metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-metabolomic signatures) correlated with physical activity intensities (r = 0.20−0.30, <em>P</em> < 0.001) and were associated with reduced stroke risk: TPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44−0.87); MVPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.29−0.88). Mediation analyses showed TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures explained 12.2% and 8.5% of physical activity-stroke associations (<em>P</em> < 0.001), implicating specific lipoprotein subclasses and lipids as key mediators.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures, particularly the 11 key metabolites included, significantly mediate the association between accelerometer-derived physical activity and stroke risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100715"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100716
Liang-Kung Chen
{"title":"Understanding the Metabolic Fingerprint of Muscle Aging","authors":"Liang-Kung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100716","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100717
Massimiliano Fedecostante , Jacopo Sabbatinelli , Antonio Cherubini
{"title":"Is accelerated biological aging the hidden link between physical frailty, social deficits, cognitive impairment and risk of incident diseases?","authors":"Massimiliano Fedecostante , Jacopo Sabbatinelli , Antonio Cherubini","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100717","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100717"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100712
Beatriz B. Elliott , Xavier Vazquez , Sharon A. Ross , Elizabeth M. McNeill
MicroRNAs are a class of small, single-stranded, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Cellular and circulating microRNA expression alterations have been observed in non-pathological aging and age-related diseases. microRNAs have been proposed to regulate aging signaling pathways, including cell death and senescence, oxidative stress, DNA damage, nutrient-sensing, and other metabolic processes. MicroRNAs may provide a molecular mechanism whereby diet can regulate gene expression, affecting aging phenotypes and lifespan. Herein, we review the recent evidence for diet in modulating the expression of microRNAs to influence the aging process. Current challenges and approaches to studying microRNAs and their function in the context of diet and aging research are highlighted in this review. Diet-mediated regulation of microRNA in aging is an emerging area of study, and future research incorporating functional analyses of dietary-responsive microRNAs will be necessary to clarify their actions in the aging process.
{"title":"Diet, nutrition, and healthy aging: Are miRNAs the link? A narrative review","authors":"Beatriz B. Elliott , Xavier Vazquez , Sharon A. Ross , Elizabeth M. McNeill","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs are a class of small, single-stranded, noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Cellular and circulating microRNA expression alterations have been observed in non-pathological aging and age-related diseases. microRNAs have been proposed to regulate aging signaling pathways, including cell death and senescence, oxidative stress, DNA damage, nutrient-sensing, and other metabolic processes. MicroRNAs may provide a molecular mechanism whereby diet can regulate gene expression, affecting aging phenotypes and lifespan. Herein, we review the recent evidence for diet in modulating the expression of microRNAs to influence the aging process. Current challenges and approaches to studying microRNAs and their function in the context of diet and aging research are highlighted in this review. Diet-mediated regulation of microRNA in aging is an emerging area of study, and future research incorporating functional analyses of dietary-responsive microRNAs will be necessary to clarify their actions in the aging process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100712"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100710
Suparna Qanungo , Mohan Madisetti , Martina Mueller , Teresa J. Kelechi
Objective
To evaluate a behavioral intervention, Partners at Meals (PAM), designed to empower caregivers (CGs) to improve caloric intake, weight, and quality of life (QOL) of persons with dementia (PWD), and to address dysfunctional behaviors during mealtime. The study also aimed to assess differences in caregiver psychosocial outcomes, including depression, burden, and QOL.
Design
A cluster randomized controlled experimental design was used, in which participating Respite Care Centers (RCCs) were randomized to either the PAM intervention group (n = 3) or the control enhanced usual care (EUC) group (n = 3). Enrolled PWD/CG dyads were assigned to PAM or EUC based on the RCCs they attended.
Setting and participants
This longitudinal 6-month clinical trial was conducted across six RCCs in the Southeast coastal region of the United States. A total of 53 PWD/CG dyads provided post-enrollment data: PAM (n = 27) and EUC (n = 26).
Methods
The PAM intervention was delivered using a train-the-trainer approach, based on the C3P (Change the Person, Change the People, Change the Place) model, and was implemented through RCC volunteers who provided adaptive mealtime strategies via telehealth to CGs in the home. Primary outcome measures for PWD were changes in body weight and feeding/dysfunctional behaviors from baseline to 6-month follow-up or end of study. Secondary outcomes included mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), caloric intake, and QOL. Caregiver outcomes included changes in burden, depression, and QOL. Between- and within-group comparisons were performed using pooled and paired t-tests or chi-square tests as appropriate. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were used to assess outcomes over time.
Results
At enrollment, PWD participants had a diagnosis of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease or related dementia, with a mean age of 77.6 ± 9.8 years. The mean age of caregivers was 66.3 ± 11.8 years. The PWDs in the PAM group started with greater weight loss prior to study enrollment but showed a slightly lower > 5% weight loss from baseline to end of study (20.8%), compared to the EUC group (22.7%), although not statistically significant (p = 0.275). While the EUC group experienced a slight decrease in MUAC from baseline to follow-up of 0.2 ± 7 cm, those in the PAM group showed an increase of 1.0 ± 2.0 cm, suggesting better maintenance of nutritional status. The estimated mean daily caloric intake between the PWD groups upon enrollment (368 ± 131, p = 0.006) showed the EUC group consumed more calories than the PAM group throughout the study. Although no significant differences were found in the unadjusted changes in mealtime scores for feeding difficulty (−0.8 ± 3.1, p = 0.411), dysfunctional behavior (−1.4, 6.0, p = 0.605) or QO
{"title":"A cluster randomized controlled trial of a train-the-trainer behavioral intervention delivered via respite care centers to improve nutritional outcomes and quality of life persons with dementia and their caregivers","authors":"Suparna Qanungo , Mohan Madisetti , Martina Mueller , Teresa J. Kelechi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate a behavioral intervention, Partners at Meals (PAM), designed to empower caregivers (CGs) to improve caloric intake, weight, and quality of life (QOL) of persons with dementia (PWD), and to address dysfunctional behaviors during mealtime. The study also aimed to assess differences in caregiver psychosocial outcomes, including depression, burden, and QOL.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A cluster randomized controlled experimental design was used, in which participating Respite Care Centers (RCCs) were randomized to either the PAM intervention group (<em>n</em> = 3) or the control enhanced usual care (EUC) group (<em>n</em> = 3). Enrolled PWD/CG dyads were assigned to PAM or EUC based on the RCCs they attended.</div></div><div><h3>Setting and participants</h3><div>This longitudinal 6-month clinical trial was conducted across six RCCs in the Southeast coastal region of the United States. A total of 53 PWD/CG dyads provided post-enrollment data: PAM (<em>n</em> = 27) and EUC (<em>n</em> = 26).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The PAM intervention was delivered using a train-the-trainer approach, based on the C3P (<em>Change the Person, Change the People, Change the Place</em>) model, and was implemented through RCC volunteers who provided adaptive mealtime strategies via telehealth to CGs in the home. Primary outcome measures for PWD were changes in body weight and feeding/dysfunctional behaviors from baseline to 6-month follow-up or end of study. Secondary outcomes included mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), caloric intake, and QOL. Caregiver outcomes included changes in burden, depression, and QOL. Between- and within-group comparisons were performed using pooled and paired <em>t</em>-tests or chi-square tests as appropriate. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were used to assess outcomes over time.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At enrollment, PWD participants had a diagnosis of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease or related dementia, with a mean age of 77.6 ± 9.8 years. The mean age of caregivers was 66.3 ± 11.8 years. The PWDs in the PAM group started with greater weight loss prior to study enrollment but showed a slightly lower > 5% weight loss from baseline to end of study (20.8%), compared to the EUC group (22.7%), although not statistically significant (<em>p</em> = 0.275). While the EUC group experienced a slight decrease in MUAC from baseline to follow-up of 0.2 ± 7 cm, those in the PAM group showed an increase of 1.0 ± 2.0 cm, suggesting better maintenance of nutritional status. The estimated mean daily caloric intake between the PWD groups upon enrollment (368 ± 131, <em>p</em> = 0.006) showed the EUC group consumed more calories than the PAM group throughout the study. Although no significant differences were found in the unadjusted changes in mealtime scores for feeding difficulty (−0.8 ± 3.1, <em>p</em> = 0.411), dysfunctional behavior (−1.4, 6.0, <em>p</em> = 0.605) or QO","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100710"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100711
Jia Wang , Mingrui Jin , Zhenkang Qiu , Mao Li , Jing Ma
Background
The American Heart Association (AHA) recently updated the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) metrics to measure ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision impairment, exhibiting a rising prevalence globally. However, the association between LE8 and DR, as well as the mediating role of phenotypic age (PA) and biological age (BA), is still unclear.
Methods
LE8 scores were categorized into three groups: low (0–49), moderate (50–74), and high (75–100). PA and BA were computed using validated algorithms incorporating clinical biomarkers. Weighted logistic regression and linear analysis were employed to assess the relationship between LE8 and DR. The mediation analysis was conducted to explore the mediating role of PA and BA.
Results
Our study included 1129 participants with non-DR and 329 participants with DR from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Higher LE8 scores were inversely associated with DR prevalence after adjusting for all covariates (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.11–0.50; P for trend < 0.001). Each 10-point LE8 increase was related to a 23% decrease of DR (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.69–0.84). Mediation analysis indicated that PA and BA partially mediated 35.61% and 46.38% of the association between LE8 and DR, respectively.
Conclusions
The LE8 scores were negatively associated with the incidence of DR, while PA and BA partially mediated the association between LE8 scores and DR.
{"title":"Association between cardiovascular health assessed by Life’s Essential 8 and diabetic retinopathy: The mediating role of phenotypic age and biological age","authors":"Jia Wang , Mingrui Jin , Zhenkang Qiu , Mao Li , Jing Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The American Heart Association (AHA) recently updated the Life's Essential 8 (LE8) metrics to measure ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision impairment, exhibiting a rising prevalence globally. However, the association between LE8 and DR, as well as the mediating role of phenotypic age (PA) and biological age (BA), is still unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>LE8 scores were categorized into three groups: low (0–49), moderate (50–74), and high (75–100). PA and BA were computed using validated algorithms incorporating clinical biomarkers. Weighted logistic regression and linear analysis were employed to assess the relationship between LE8 and DR. The mediation analysis was conducted to explore the mediating role of PA and BA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study included 1129 participants with non-DR and 329 participants with DR from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Higher LE8 scores were inversely associated with DR prevalence after adjusting for all covariates (OR = 0.24; 95% CI: 0.11–0.50; <em>P</em> for trend < 0.001). Each 10-point LE8 increase was related to a 23% decrease of DR (OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.69–0.84). Mediation analysis indicated that PA and BA partially mediated 35.61% and 46.38% of the association between LE8 and DR, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The LE8 scores were negatively associated with the incidence of DR, while PA and BA partially mediated the association between LE8 scores and DR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"100711"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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