Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100668
Ha-Na Kim , John C. Newman , Ji Hyun Lee , Yun-Ah Lee , Yuji Jeong , Se-Hong Kim
Objectives
Sarcopenia, an age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, increases the risk of adverse health outcomes and socioeconomic burden; however, the metabolic causes of sarcopenia are unclear. This study investigated the association between plasma metabolites and incident sarcopenia and evaluated their predictive value for the incidence of sarcopenia.
Methods
This prospective cohort study included 33,797 participants aged 40–69 years from the UK Biobank who were free of sarcopenia and had plasma metabolomic data available. Plasma metabolite levels, including amino acids, fatty acids, lipid/lipoprotein subclasses, creatinine, and glycoprotein acetyls, were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance-based profiling. Incident sarcopenia was defined using the ICD-10 codes or criteria for low skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength.
Results
During a follow-up period of over 14 years, 829 participants developed sarcopenia. Of the 249 metabolites tested, 38 were significantly associated with the incidence of sarcopenia. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of sarcopenia incidence for the 38 metabolites was 0.696 (95% CI: 0.666–0.726), and the AUC for conventional risk factors was 0.738–0.892, according to the models. The combined model, which integrated conventional risk factors and metabolites, significantly improved prediction (AUC: 0.779–0.898).
Conclusions
This study identified 38 plasma metabolites associated with incident sarcopenia. Incorporating these metabolites into models with conventional risk factors yielded statistically significant improvements in prediction beyond that of conventional factors alone; however, the gain was modest, and its clinical relevance remains to be determined. These findings suggest that although the clinical utility of these metabolites for predicting sarcopenia incidence has not yet been fully established, they may nevertheless provide insights into underlying biological pathways and could contribute to the development of preventive or therapeutic strategies in geriatric care.
{"title":"Metabolomic determinants of sarcopenia incidence: A 14-year prospective study of 33,797 participants","authors":"Ha-Na Kim , John C. Newman , Ji Hyun Lee , Yun-Ah Lee , Yuji Jeong , Se-Hong Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Sarcopenia, an age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, increases the risk of adverse health outcomes and socioeconomic burden; however, the metabolic causes of sarcopenia are unclear. This study investigated the association between plasma metabolites and incident sarcopenia and evaluated their predictive value for the incidence of sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective cohort study included 33,797 participants aged 40–69 years from the UK Biobank who were free of sarcopenia and had plasma metabolomic data available. Plasma metabolite levels, including amino acids, fatty acids, lipid/lipoprotein subclasses, creatinine, and glycoprotein acetyls, were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance-based profiling. Incident sarcopenia was defined using the ICD-10 codes or criteria for low skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During a follow-up period of over 14 years, 829 participants developed sarcopenia. Of the 249 metabolites tested, 38 were significantly associated with the incidence of sarcopenia. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of sarcopenia incidence for the 38 metabolites was 0.696 (95% CI: 0.666–0.726), and the AUC for conventional risk factors was 0.738–0.892, according to the models. The combined model, which integrated conventional risk factors and metabolites, significantly improved prediction (AUC: 0.779–0.898).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identified 38 plasma metabolites associated with incident sarcopenia. Incorporating these metabolites into models with conventional risk factors yielded statistically significant improvements in prediction beyond that of conventional factors alone; however, the gain was modest, and its clinical relevance remains to be determined. These findings suggest that although the clinical utility of these metabolites for predicting sarcopenia incidence has not yet been fully established, they may nevertheless provide insights into underlying biological pathways and could contribute to the development of preventive or therapeutic strategies in geriatric care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100668"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100683
Leonie Lang , Thomas Hunt , David Vauzour , Philipe de Souto Barreto , Miguel Gueimonde , Renger Witkamp , Isabelle Guelinckx , Bruno Pot , Simon McArthur , Louise Dye , Lesley Hoyles , Nils Billecke , Andrea Bertocco , Maria Camprubi Robles , Caroline Perreau , Gabriele Civiletto , Maria Tonti
At the end of October 2024, ILSI Europe brought together industry and academic experts from different fields to identify research gaps and challenges in nutritional interventions supporting healthy ageing. The objectives of the Healthy Ageing Working Group workshop were to address the urgent need to define ageing outcomes and associated biomarkers, determine the trajectory of functional ageing across the lifespan, and leverage technology to tailor nutritional and lifestyle interventions for healthy ageing. This brief report presents the key points highlighted during this workshop.
{"title":"Building a roadmap to nutrition for Healthy Ageing: a brief report on the ILSI Europe Healthy Ageing Task Force","authors":"Leonie Lang , Thomas Hunt , David Vauzour , Philipe de Souto Barreto , Miguel Gueimonde , Renger Witkamp , Isabelle Guelinckx , Bruno Pot , Simon McArthur , Louise Dye , Lesley Hoyles , Nils Billecke , Andrea Bertocco , Maria Camprubi Robles , Caroline Perreau , Gabriele Civiletto , Maria Tonti","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>At the end of October 2024, ILSI Europe brought together industry and academic experts from different fields to identify research gaps and challenges in nutritional interventions supporting healthy ageing. The objectives of the Healthy Ageing Working Group workshop were to address the urgent need to define ageing outcomes and associated biomarkers, determine the trajectory of functional ageing across the lifespan, and leverage technology to tailor nutritional and lifestyle interventions for healthy ageing. This brief report presents the key points highlighted during this workshop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100681
Su-Qi Zeng , Jun-Hai Zhen , Yu Pu , Chuan Liu , Jia-Ming Hu , Jun-Jie Chen , Xiao-Li Wang , Wei-Guo Dong
Objectives
To analyze and model the global, regional, and national burden of autoimmune diseases (ADs) among older adults (≥60 years) from 1990 to 2021.
Methods
Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data for 204 countries and territories. Age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates were calculated with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Temporal trends were assessed using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC, with 95% Confidence Intervals [95% CI]). Future trends to 2035 were projected using a log-linear age-period-cohort model.
Results
In 2021, the Americas and Europe had the highest burden of ADs in older adults. From 1990 to 2021, age-standardized incidence and prevalence rates increased notably for rheumatoid arthritis (EAPC for incidence rate: 0.75, 0.70−0.79; for prevalence rate: 0.54, 0.50−0.58) and type 1 diabetes (incidence rate: 0.78, 0.70−0.86; prevalence rate:0.84, 0.81-0.88). Psoriasis showed smaller but consistent increases, while inflammatory bowel disease rose only modestly, and multiple sclerosis remained relatively stable. Projections suggest continued increases in age-standardized incidence and prevalence rates for most ADs through 2035.
Conclusions
The burden of ADs among older adults is rising globally, with particularly high rates in the Americas and Europe. These findings highlight the urgent need for strategic resource allocation and targeted prevention and management strategies to address ADs in aging populations.
{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of autoimmune disease in older adults (≥60 years) from 1990 to 2021: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","authors":"Su-Qi Zeng , Jun-Hai Zhen , Yu Pu , Chuan Liu , Jia-Ming Hu , Jun-Jie Chen , Xiao-Li Wang , Wei-Guo Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To analyze and model the global, regional, and national burden of autoimmune diseases (ADs) among older adults (≥60 years) from 1990 to 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data for 204 countries and territories. Age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) rates were calculated with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Temporal trends were assessed using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC, with 95% Confidence Intervals [95% CI]). Future trends to 2035 were projected using a log-linear age-period-cohort model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2021, the Americas and Europe had the highest burden of ADs in older adults. From 1990 to 2021, age-standardized incidence and prevalence rates increased notably for rheumatoid arthritis (EAPC for incidence rate: 0.75, 0.70−0.79; for prevalence rate: 0.54, 0.50−0.58) and type 1 diabetes (incidence rate: 0.78, 0.70−0.86; prevalence rate:0.84, 0.81-0.88). Psoriasis showed smaller but consistent increases, while inflammatory bowel disease rose only modestly, and multiple sclerosis remained relatively stable. Projections suggest continued increases in age-standardized incidence and prevalence rates for most ADs through 2035.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The burden of ADs among older adults is rising globally, with particularly high rates in the Americas and Europe. These findings highlight the urgent need for strategic resource allocation and targeted prevention and management strategies to address ADs in aging populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100681"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100680
Sonja Beers , Marian A.E. de van der Schueren , Pol Grootswagers , Ondine van de Rest , Lisa Waterink , Sietske A.M. Sikkes , Kay Deckers , Lion M. Soons , Jurgen A.H.R. Claassen , Nynke Smidt , Wiesje M. van der Flier , Sebastian Köhler , Esther Aarts , Yannick Vermeiren , Lisette CPGM de Groot , on behalf of MOCIA consortium FINGER-NL consortium
Objectives
This study examined the association between adherence to the Dutch MIND diet (Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, MIND-NL) and the Dutch dietary guidelines (DHD2015-index) with global cognitive function in older adults at risk of cognitive decline.
Design and setting
A cross-sectional study was conducted using baseline data of the FINGER-NL trial.
Participants
A total of 1,135 older adults, aged 60–80 years, at risk for cognitive decline with complete dietary data and complete neuropsychological tests were included in the analyses.
Measurements
A validated 72-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess adherence to the dietary patterns. Global cognitive function was assessed by calculating a composite score based on four subtests of a neuropsychological test battery. Multiple linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, education level, socioeconomic status (SES), body mass index (BMI), physical activity level, smoking status, and cardiovascular risk factors, were applied to examine potential associations between MIND-NL diet score and global cognitive function, and between DHD2015-index and global cognitive function. Interaction and subsequent subgroup analyses were conducted based on age, sex, education, SES, and physical activity. Explorative network analyses were applied to identify links between individual dietary intake components and global cognitive function.
Results
The median [IQR] age of the participants was 67 [64−71] years. Overall, neither the MIND-NL diet nor the DHD2015-index was associated with the global cognition composite score (β = 0.014, 95%CI: -0.016, 0.045, p = 0.35 and β = 0.003, 95%CI: -0.000, 0.006, p = 0.07, respectively). The association between MIND-NL diet score and global cognition was moderated by age (pinteraction = 0.06), with adults under 70 years of age showing a positive trend. Although no significant interaction was noted (pinteraction = 0.28), an association was found between DHD2015-index and global cognition in participants aged under 70 years (β = 0.004, 95%CI: 0.000, 0.008, p = 0.048). Dietary intake of fruiting vegetables and vitamin E were positively correlated with global cognitive function.
Conclusion
In this study, adherence to the Dutch dietary guidelines was associated with better global cognitive function among older adults under the age of 70 years at risk of cognitive decline. Future research aims at investigating longitudinal associations and confirming the moderating effect of age.
{"title":"The association between the MIND-NL diet, Dutch dietary guidelines, and global cognitive function in an older population at risk for cognitive decline","authors":"Sonja Beers , Marian A.E. de van der Schueren , Pol Grootswagers , Ondine van de Rest , Lisa Waterink , Sietske A.M. Sikkes , Kay Deckers , Lion M. Soons , Jurgen A.H.R. Claassen , Nynke Smidt , Wiesje M. van der Flier , Sebastian Köhler , Esther Aarts , Yannick Vermeiren , Lisette CPGM de Groot , on behalf of MOCIA consortium FINGER-NL consortium","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study examined the association between adherence to the Dutch MIND diet (Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, MIND-NL) and the Dutch dietary guidelines (DHD2015-index) with global cognitive function in older adults at risk of cognitive decline.</div></div><div><h3>Design and setting</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted using baseline data of the FINGER-NL trial.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>A total of 1,135 older adults, aged 60–80 years, at risk for cognitive decline with complete dietary data and complete neuropsychological tests were included in the analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>A validated 72-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess adherence to the dietary patterns. Global cognitive function was assessed by calculating a composite score based on four subtests of a neuropsychological test battery. Multiple linear regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, education level, socioeconomic status (SES), body mass index (BMI), physical activity level, smoking status, and cardiovascular risk factors, were applied to examine potential associations between MIND-NL diet score and global cognitive function, and between DHD2015-index and global cognitive function. Interaction and subsequent subgroup analyses were conducted based on age, sex, education, SES, and physical activity. Explorative network analyses were applied to identify links between individual dietary intake components and global cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median [IQR] age of the participants was 67 [64−71] years. Overall, neither the MIND-NL diet nor the DHD2015-index was associated with the global cognition composite score (β = 0.014, 95%CI: -0.016, 0.045, p = 0.35 and β = 0.003, 95%CI: -0.000, 0.006, p = 0.07, respectively). The association between MIND-NL diet score and global cognition was moderated by age (p<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.06), with adults under 70 years of age showing a positive trend. Although no significant interaction was noted (p<sub>interaction</sub> = 0.28), an association was found between DHD2015-index and global cognition in participants aged under 70 years (β = 0.004, 95%CI: 0.000, 0.008, p = 0.048). Dietary intake of fruiting vegetables and vitamin E were positively correlated with global cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this study, adherence to the Dutch dietary guidelines was associated with better global cognitive function among older adults under the age of 70 years at risk of cognitive decline. Future research aims at investigating longitudinal associations and confirming the moderating effect of age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100682
Frida Ostonen Peelen , Maria Enge , Rikke Lundsgaard Nielsen , Anne Marie Beck , Ann Ödlund Olin , Tommy Cederholm , Anne-Marie Boström , Ingvild Paur
Objectives
To investigate the overlap between the nutrition disorders (malnutrition, low-intake dehydration, obesity) and nutrition related conditions (frailty, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity), and the significance of each of these and their combinations for survival among older patients admitted to geriatric care.
Methods
This exploratory study was based on a cross-sectional study with 100 patients (≥65 years) admitted to two geriatric departments. Data was retrieved from the Electronic Patient Record. Malnutrition was defined according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria with no prior screening. A low-intake dehydration equation, using proxy urea, was applied. Obesity was diagnosed at BMI > 29.9 kg/m2. Frailty was assessed by Clinical Frailty Scale, whereas sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2). Sarcopenic obesity was defined as the combination of sarcopenia and obesity. Mortality was recorded up to one year after discharge.
Main findings
The nutrition disorders and nutrition related conditions displayed considerable overlaps, and the prevalences were; frailty 67%, low-intake dehydration 62%, malnutrition 58%, sarcopenia 30%, obesity 13%, and sarcopenic obesity 0%. Higher numbers of nutrition disorders and nutrition related conditions combined, and malnutrition (according to GLIM) alone, were related to decreased one-year survival as show in Kaplan Meier plots.
Conclusion
The prevalence and overlap of the nutrition disorders; malnutrition, and low-intake dehydration and the nutrition related conditions; frailty and sarcopenia were high in patients acutely admitted to geriatric departments. Increasing number of nutrition disorders and nutrition related conditions combined, and malnutrition alone were associated with decreased survival.
{"title":"Nutrition disorders and related conditions—Prevalence, overlap and relation to one year survival in geriatric patients","authors":"Frida Ostonen Peelen , Maria Enge , Rikke Lundsgaard Nielsen , Anne Marie Beck , Ann Ödlund Olin , Tommy Cederholm , Anne-Marie Boström , Ingvild Paur","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the overlap between the nutrition disorders (malnutrition, low-intake dehydration, obesity) and nutrition related conditions (frailty, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity), and the significance of each of these and their combinations for survival among older patients admitted to geriatric care.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This exploratory study was based on a cross-sectional study with 100 patients (≥65 years) admitted to two geriatric departments. Data was retrieved from the Electronic Patient Record. Malnutrition was defined according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria with no prior screening. A low-intake dehydration equation, using proxy urea, was applied. Obesity was diagnosed at BMI > 29.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Frailty was assessed by Clinical Frailty Scale, whereas sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2). Sarcopenic obesity was defined as the combination of sarcopenia and obesity. Mortality was recorded up to one year after discharge.</div></div><div><h3>Main findings</h3><div>The nutrition disorders and nutrition related conditions displayed considerable overlaps, and the prevalences were; frailty 67%, low-intake dehydration 62%, malnutrition 58%, sarcopenia 30%, obesity 13%, and sarcopenic obesity 0%. Higher numbers of nutrition disorders and nutrition related conditions combined, and malnutrition (according to GLIM) alone, were related to decreased one-year survival as show in Kaplan Meier plots.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The prevalence and overlap of the nutrition disorders; malnutrition, and low-intake dehydration and the nutrition related conditions; frailty and sarcopenia were high in patients acutely admitted to geriatric departments. Increasing number of nutrition disorders and nutrition related conditions combined, and malnutrition alone were associated with decreased survival.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100682"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100716
Liang-Kung Chen
{"title":"Understanding the Metabolic Fingerprint of Muscle Aging","authors":"Liang-Kung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100716","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145465482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-08-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100667
Lewis Winning , Gerard J. Linden
{"title":"Response to “Letter to the editor on: Tooth loss, diet quality, and cognitive decline: A 15-year longitudinal study”","authors":"Lewis Winning , Gerard J. Linden","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100667","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100667"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100685
Na Shang , Qiujing Li , Haijing Zhou , Xiangqun Zhang , Shubin Guo , Xue Mei
Objectives
To evaluate the applicability of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in older patients with sepsis and to compare the predictive validity for 28-day mortality of different muscle mass assessment methods in the emergency department.
Design
Prospective cohort study.
Setting
Emergency department.
Patients
Older patients (≥65 years) with sepsis.
Measurements
Muscle mass was assessed using three methods: (1) the skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) on computed tomography (CT) scans; (2) calf circumference (CC), and (3) mid-upper-arm circumference (MAC). Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the association between the GLIM criteria and 28-day all-cause mortality. Additionally, the C-statistic, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to evaluate the predictive validity of the three instruments. Survival curves were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.
Results
A total of 598 patients with sepsis were included. The prevalence of malnutrition according to GLIM-CT, GLIM-CC, and GLIM-MAC was 53.3%, 63.0%, and 40.8%, respectively. Cox regression analysis revealed that the GLIM criteria were independent risk factors for all-cause 28-day mortality. Incorporation of GLIM-CT, GLIM-CC, or GLIM-MAC into a base model significantly improved the C-statistic. The model including GLIM-CT had the highest C-statistic, improving the C-statistic of the base model from 0.780 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.741−0.819) to 0.823 (95% CI: 0.789−0.857). This improvement in risk prediction was also confirmed via category-free NRI and IDI, suggesting that GLIM-CT had the best performance. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that patients with malnutrition defined according to the GLIM criteria had a greater probability of 28-day mortality (log-rank, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Malnutrition, defined via any of the three methods, was predictive of 28-day mortality among older patients with sepsis in the emergency department. GLIM-CT had the best predictive validity.
{"title":"Applicability and predictive validity of the global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria for older patients with sepsis according to different muscle mass assessment methods","authors":"Na Shang , Qiujing Li , Haijing Zhou , Xiangqun Zhang , Shubin Guo , Xue Mei","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the applicability of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in older patients with sepsis and to compare the predictive validity for 28-day mortality of different muscle mass assessment methods in the emergency department.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Prospective cohort study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Emergency department.</div></div><div><h3>Patients</h3><div>Older patients (≥65 years) with sepsis.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>Muscle mass was assessed using three methods: (1) the skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) on computed tomography (CT) scans; (2) calf circumference (CC), and (3) mid-upper-arm circumference (MAC). Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the association between the GLIM criteria and 28-day all-cause mortality. Additionally, the C-statistic, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to evaluate the predictive validity of the three instruments. Survival curves were assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 598 patients with sepsis were included. The prevalence of malnutrition according to GLIM-CT, GLIM-CC, and GLIM-MAC was 53.3%, 63.0%, and 40.8%, respectively. Cox regression analysis revealed that the GLIM criteria were independent risk factors for all-cause 28-day mortality. Incorporation of GLIM-CT, GLIM-CC, or GLIM-MAC into a base model significantly improved the C-statistic. The model including GLIM-CT had the highest C-statistic, improving the C-statistic of the base model from 0.780 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.741−0.819) to 0.823 (95% CI: 0.789−0.857). This improvement in risk prediction was also confirmed via category-free NRI and IDI, suggesting that GLIM-CT had the best performance. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that patients with malnutrition defined according to the GLIM criteria had a greater probability of 28-day mortality (log-rank, <em>P</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Malnutrition, defined via any of the three methods, was predictive of 28-day mortality among older patients with sepsis in the emergency department. GLIM-CT had the best predictive validity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100685"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-08-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100666
Jinyu Wu , Wen Wang , Kuncheng Yang
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Pub Date : 2025-11-01Epub Date: 2025-09-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100687
Fei Song , Jagadish K. Chhetri , Mengjin Hu , Boyu Li , Jinggang Xia , Chunlin Yin
Background
Growing evidence indicate that chronic diseases have distinct clusters, each potentially influencing intrinsic capacity (IC) through unique pathological pathways. This raises two critical questions: (1) How do different multimorbidity clusters preferentially impact specific IC domains? (2) Which multimorbidity cluster would have the highest risk of mortality in individuals with IC impairment?
Methods
We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a nationally representative cohort study in China. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more chronic conditions. IC impairment was assessed across six domains: cognition, locomotion, vitality, psychology, hearing and vision. We identified multimorbidity clusters using latent class analysis (LCA). Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between identified multimorbidity clusters and domain specific IC decline, while Kaplan-Meier analysis and cox regression analysis were used to assess the mortality risk.
Results
Among the 4333 participants with multimorbidity, 48.6% were male, with mean age of 59.5 years. LCA method identified four distinct multimorbidity clusters: arthritis-metabolic (24.8%), stomach-arthritis (29.4%), respiratory (16.5%), metabolic-vascular (29.4%) clusters. Multimorbidity cluster-specific patterns of IC impairment revealed markedly elevated risks of decline in the cognitive, psychological, hearing, and vitality domains within the respiratory cluster. Similarly, the stomach-arthritis cluster was associated with significantly higher risks of impairment in the psychological, visual, hearing, and vitality domains. In contrast, the arthritis-metabolic cluster demonstrated significantly increased risks specifically in the cognitive and psychological domains. Survival analysis revealed significant mortality differences across multimorbidity clusters (p < 0.001). After multivariate adjustment, intrinsic capacity impairment remained significantly associated with increased mortality in the respiratory cluster (HR = 1.74, 95%CI:1.06−2.87, p = 0.029), demonstrating pattern-dependent prognostic value of IC.
Conclusions
Our findings revealed a significant heterogeneity in IC impairment patterns across different multimorbidity clusters, showing cluster-specific IC impairment and cluster-dependent risk of mortality according to IC impairment.
{"title":"Mapping multimorbidity cluster-specific intrinsic capacity impairment patterns and mortality risks in a community-dwelling aging population cohort","authors":"Fei Song , Jagadish K. Chhetri , Mengjin Hu , Boyu Li , Jinggang Xia , Chunlin Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Growing evidence indicate that chronic diseases have distinct clusters, each potentially influencing intrinsic capacity (IC) through unique pathological pathways. This raises two critical questions: (1) How do different multimorbidity clusters preferentially impact specific IC domains? (2) Which multimorbidity cluster would have the highest risk of mortality in individuals with IC impairment?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a nationally representative cohort study in China. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more chronic conditions. IC impairment was assessed across six domains: cognition, locomotion, vitality, psychology, hearing and vision. We identified multimorbidity clusters using latent class analysis (LCA). Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between identified multimorbidity clusters and domain specific IC decline, while Kaplan-Meier analysis and cox regression analysis were used to assess the mortality risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 4333 participants with multimorbidity, 48.6% were male, with mean age of 59.5 years. LCA method identified four distinct multimorbidity clusters: arthritis-metabolic (24.8%), stomach-arthritis (29.4%), respiratory (16.5%), metabolic-vascular (29.4%) clusters. Multimorbidity cluster-specific patterns of IC impairment revealed markedly elevated risks of decline in the cognitive, psychological, hearing, and vitality domains within the respiratory cluster. Similarly, the stomach-arthritis cluster was associated with significantly higher risks of impairment in the psychological, visual, hearing, and vitality domains. In contrast, the arthritis-metabolic cluster demonstrated significantly increased risks specifically in the cognitive and psychological domains. Survival analysis revealed significant mortality differences across multimorbidity clusters (<em>p</em> < 0.001). After multivariate adjustment, intrinsic capacity impairment remained significantly associated with increased mortality in the respiratory cluster (HR = 1.74, 95%CI:1.06−2.87, <em>p</em> = 0.029), demonstrating pattern-dependent prognostic value of IC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings revealed a significant heterogeneity in IC impairment patterns across different multimorbidity clusters, showing cluster-specific IC impairment and cluster-dependent risk of mortality according to IC impairment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 11","pages":"Article 100687"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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